JP2018154248A - Guide roller, guide system and floating structure launching method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce possibility of damaging a floating structure or wings of a floating dock when the floating structure is launched on the floating dock.SOLUTION: A guide roller for a floating dock is provided with a support and a cylindrical rubber body supported to be capable of rotating on the support and the support is capable of being fixed to the floating dock in a state in which a rotational axis of the rubber body is perpendicular to a deck of the floating dock.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a floating dock guide roller, a floating dock guide system, and a floating structure launching method.

  A technique for mooring a pneumatic fender when mooring a hull is known.

JP 2008-265423 A

  By the way, when the floating structure on the floating dock is launched, contact between the floating structures due to the swinging of the floating structure and contact between the wing of the floating dock and the floating structure are likely to occur. If such contact occurs, there is a possibility of damaging the floating structure or the wing of the floating dock. In this regard, it is difficult to adjust the tension of the rope by the method of connecting the rope from the floating dock to the floating structure and loosening the rope at the time of launch to prevent the floating structure from swinging. In addition, when a cushioning material (for example, a pneumatic fender, buoy, tire, wood, etc.) is suspended from a floating structure, it is difficult to launch the floating structure straight and launch, which can cause damage. Sex is still high.

  Therefore, in one aspect, the present invention aims to reduce the possibility of damaging the floating structure and the wing of the floating dock when the floating structure on the floating dock is launched.

In one aspect, a support base,
A cylindrical rubber body rotatably supported by the support base,
The support table is provided with a guide roller for a floating dock that can be fixed to the floating dock in such a manner that the rotation axis of the rubber body is perpendicular to the deck of the floating dock.

  In one aspect, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the possibility of damaging the floating structure and the floating dock when launching the floating structure on the floating dock.

3 is a top view showing the floating dock 1 and the floating structure 30. FIG. It is the front view which looked at the floating dock 1 and the floating structure 30 in the Y direction. FIG. 3 is a three-side view illustrating an example of a guide roller 100. FIG. 3 is a three-side view illustrating an example of a guide roller 200. FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining a preferable arrangement method of guide rollers 100 and 200. It is a table | surface figure which shows an example of a trial calculation result. It is a construction flow figure showing the outline of the floating structure launching method.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a top view showing the floating dock 1 and the floating structure 30. FIG. 2 is a front view of the floating dock 1 and the floating structure 30 as viewed in the Y direction. FIG. 1 schematically shows how dredger 80 pulls out floating body structure 30 during launch (see arrow R1). Moreover, the sea surface 90 is typically shown in FIG. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, three mutually perpendicular directions, the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction, are defined. The Z direction (see FIG. 2) is the height direction. Hereinafter, for the sake of explanation, the Y direction is referred to as “front-rear direction” and the X direction is referred to as “left-right direction”.

  A floating structure 1 such as a culvert tube or a caisson is placed on the floating dock 1. The floating structure 30 may be manufactured on land and moved to the floating dock 1, or may be manufactured on the floating dock 1. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a floating structure 30 that is two culvert tubes is arranged side by side on the floating dock 1.

  The floating dock 1 includes a main body portion 10 extending in an XY plane (horizontal plane) and left and right wings 11 (notations “wing 11L” and “wing 11R” are used to distinguish left and right). The main body 10 forms the deck of the floating dock 1. The wing 11 extends in the Z direction on both the left and right sides of the main body 10. A crane (not shown) or the like is provided on the upper portion of the wing 11.

  The floating dock 1 is provided with a floating dock guide system 5. The floating dock guide system 5 includes guide rollers 100 and 200.

  The guide rollers 100 and 200 have functions of preventing contact between the floating structures 30 and contact between the wings 11 of the floating dock 1 and the floating structure 30 when the floating structure 30 is launched (hereinafter, “ Also referred to as “contact prevention function”. Such a contact prevention function can reduce the possibility of damaging the floating structure and the wing 11 of the floating dock 1 when the floating structure 30 is launched.

  The guide roller 100 (an example of a first guide roller) is provided between the wing 11 and the floating structure 30 in the X direction in order to enhance the contact prevention function, and the guide roller 200 (an example of a second guide roller) is , And provided between the floating structures 30 in the X direction.

  Specifically, the guide roller 100 is provided on the port side or starboard side of the floating dock 1. The guide roller 200 is provided between the floating structures 30 in the left-right direction. The guide rollers 100 and 200 are fixed to the floating dock 1 by welding. However, the guide rollers 100 and 200 may be fixed to the floating dock 1 with bolts or the like. A method for fixing the guide rollers 100 and 200 and the floating dock 1 (fixed portion or the like) is arbitrary as long as the guide rollers 100 and 200 are not broken by a load received when the floating structure 30 hits the guide rollers 100 and 200.

  The guide rollers 100 and 200 form one set each. The pair of guide rollers 100 and 200 are preferably at the same position in the front-rear direction in order to maintain a good left-right balance. One set of guide rollers 100 and 200 is provided in such a manner as to sandwich one floating body structure 30 from the left and right.

  The guide rollers 100 and 200, in addition to the contact prevention function when the floating structure 30 is launched, have an impact buffering function that reduces shock when the floating structure 30 collides, and a floating structure, as will be described later. A guide function for guiding the movement of the object 30 in the launch direction is developed.

  The guide rollers 100 and 200 are preferably provided in a plurality of sets so that the contact prevention function, the impact buffering function, and the guide function can be maintained over substantially the entire launching process. In the example shown in FIG. 1, two sets of guide rollers 100 and 200 are provided for one floating structure 30. The two sets of guide rollers 100 and 200 are provided offset in the front-rear direction for each set.

  FIG. 3 is a trihedral view showing an example of the guide roller 100, where (A) is a view in the Y direction, (B) is a view in the X direction, and (C) is a view in the Z direction. In the Y direction view, only the rubber body is shown in a cross-sectional view. Further, in FIG. 3, members made of rubber material are shown in black for easy understanding.

  The guide roller 100 includes a support base 110 (an example of a first support base), a cylindrical guide rubber 140 (an example of a rubber body and a first rubber body), and a flat rubber member 150.

  In the guide roller 100, the clearance between the floating structure 30 to be protected and the guide rubber 140 in the X direction (clearance in the X direction) is about 10 cm as a normal value with respect to the floating structure 30 to be protected. It is arranged to become.

  The support table 110 is formed of a steel material having high rigidity and strength so that the support table 110 is not broken or plastically deformed by a load received when the floating structure 30 hits the guide roller 100. For example, the support base 110 is formed of a steel mountain retaining material (H-shaped steel), a mountain retaining member, or the like.

  The support 110 includes a lower member 112 placed on the main body 10, a vertical member 114 extending upward in parallel with the Z direction from the lower member 112, and an X direction from the top of the vertical member 114 to the wing 11 side. And a cross member 116 extending in the horizontal direction.

  The guide rubber 140 is rotatably supported by the support base 110. The guide rubber 140 is rotatable around a rotation axis I1 parallel to the Z direction. The guide rubber 140 has a cylindrical shape whose axial direction is parallel to the rotation axis I1, and is formed of a rubber material. The guide rubber 140 is supported on the upper part of the vertical member 114.

  The guide rubber 140 is provided in a form extending from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 to a predetermined height range. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the guide rubber 140 has a lower end at a height H1 from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 and extends over a height range ΔH1. The height H1 and the height range ΔH1 may be determined according to the height of the floating structure 30. For example, when the floating height of the floating structure 30 from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 is about 1.0 m, (H1 + ΔH1 / 2) may be about 2.0 [m].

  The guide rubber 140 forms a portion of the guide roller 100 that protrudes most toward the floating structure 30 in the X direction over the height range ΔH1 from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 upward. Thereby, when the floating structure 30 hits the guide roller 100, the floating structure 30 can be reliably applied to the guide rubber 140. In addition, since the floating body structure 30 floats from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 at the time of launching, for example, the lower member 112 is a guide rubber in a height range below the floating body structure 30 at the time of launching. It may extend to the floating structure 30 side from 140.

  The guide rubber 140 realizes an impact buffering function by bending when the floating structure 30 moving in the launching direction hits. With such an impact buffering function, the possibility of damaging the floating structure can be reduced even when the floating structure 30 swings and hits the guide roller 100 when the floating structure 30 is launched. Further, the guide rubber 140 realizes a guide function by rotating in the rotation direction corresponding to the moving direction of the floating structure 30 when the floating structure 30 moving in the launch direction hits.

  The rubber member 150 has a flat plate shape that can contact the wing 11 of the floating dock 1. The rubber member 150 is formed of a rubber mat or the like. The rubber member 150 contacts the wing 11 in a surface contact manner. The rubber member 150 is supported on the upper part of the vertical member 114. The rubber member 150 is provided on the opposite side of the guide rubber 140 in the X direction with respect to the vertical member 114. That is, the guide rubber 140 is provided on the floating structure 30 side, while the rubber member 150 is provided on the wing 11 side.

  Since the wing 11 has a structure in which a steel plate is welded to a steel structure, the guide roller 100 is preferably configured such that the rubber member 150 abuts the wing 11 at a position where the skeleton is present. Be placed. Thereby, since the force of the X direction which the guide roller 100 receives can be transmitted to the highly rigid location of the wing 11, the wing 11 can be protected.

  Since the guide roller 100 has a contact prevention function, an impact buffering function, and the like, it receives a force in the X direction when the floating structure 30 hits it. The force in the X direction received by the guide roller 100 is transmitted to the wing 11 via the cross member 116 and the rubber member 150. In this way, the guide roller 100 abuts against the wing 11 via the cross member 116 and the rubber member 150, thereby having a high support capability with respect to the force in the X direction from the floating structure 30. Further, since the guide roller 100 includes the rubber member 150, damage to the wing 11 when receiving a force in the X direction can be reduced.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the support base 110 includes two diagonal members 118 extending obliquely downward from the upper portion of the vertical member 114 and on both sides in the Y direction. Thereby, it is possible to realize a high support capability even with respect to a load received in the Y direction.

  4A and 4B are three views showing an example of the guide roller 200. FIG. 4A is a view in the Y direction, FIG. 4B is a view in the X direction, and FIG. 4C is a view in the Z direction. In the Y direction view, only the rubber body is shown in a cross-sectional view. Further, in FIG. 4, for ease of understanding, members made of a rubber material are shown in black.

  The guide roller 200 includes a support base 210 (an example of a second support base) and a cylindrical guide rubber 240 (an example of a rubber body and a second rubber body).

  The guide roller 200 is arranged with respect to the floating structure 30 to be protected such that the gap between the floating structure 30 to be protected and the guide rubber 240 is about 10 cm in a normal value in the X direction.

  The support base 210 is formed of a steel material having high rigidity and strength so as not to be broken or plastically deformed by a load received when the floating structure 30 hits the guide roller 200. For example, the support base 210 is formed of a steel mountain retaining material (H-shaped steel), a mountain retaining member, or the like.

  The support base 210 includes a lower member 212 mounted on the main body 10, a vertical member 214 extending upward in parallel with the Z direction from the lower member 212, and a lateral member extending obliquely downward from the upper portion of the vertical member 214. Load diagonal member 220 (an example of a frame portion).

  The lateral load diagonal member 220 extends while being inclined with respect to the rotational axis I2 of the guide rubber 240 in a direction away from the guide rubber 240 toward the main body 10 of the floating dock 1. Accordingly, the lateral load diagonal member 220 forms the support point 250 on the floating dock 1 side at a position offset with respect to the rotation axis I2. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the lower end of the lateral load diagonal member 220 that forms the support point 250 on the floating dock 1 side is coupled to the lower member 212, but directly the main body 10 of the floating dock 1. It may be fixed to.

  Since the guide roller 200 has a contact preventing function, an impact buffering function, and the like, the guide roller 200 receives a force in the X direction when it hits the floating structure 30. The X-direction force received by the guide roller 200 is transmitted to the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 via the lateral load diagonal member 220. In this way, the guide roller 200 forms a support point at a position where the lower end of the lateral load diagonal member 220 is offset in the X direction from the force point (guide rubber 240), and therefore the force in the X direction from the floating structure 30 High support ability for

  The guide rubber 240 is rotatably supported by the support base 210. The guide rubber 240 is rotatable around a rotation axis I2 parallel to the Z direction. The guide rubber 240 has a cylindrical shape whose axial direction is parallel to the rotation axis I2, and is formed of a rubber material. The guide rubber 240 is supported on the upper part of the vertical member 214. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the two guide rollers 200 at the same position in the front-rear direction are back-to-back in the direction in which the guide rubber 240 faces the floating structure 30 (the back side when the guide rubber 240 is the front side). It is provided in such a manner that they face each other. However, the two guide rollers 200 may be arranged in such a manner that they are offset in the front-rear direction (Y direction) and overlap in the X direction. Instead of the two guide rollers 200 arranged in such a manner that the back sides face each other, a single guide roller provided with guide rubber 240 on both sides in the X direction may be used.

  The guide rubber 240 is provided in a form extending from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 to a predetermined height range. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the guide rubber 240 has a lower end at a height H2 from the main body portion 10 of the floating dock 1, and extends over a height range ΔH2. The height H2 and the height range ΔH2 are preferably the same as the height H1 and the height range ΔH1 of the pair of guide rollers 100 in order to maintain a good left / right balance.

  The guide rubber 240 extends from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 to a height range ΔH2 from the height H2 to the upper side of the floating roller structure 30 side in the X direction of the guide roller 200 (the floating structure 30 side to be protected). A projecting part is formed. Thereby, when the floating structure 30 hits the guide roller 200, the floating structure 30 can be reliably applied to the guide rubber 240. In addition, since the floating body structure 30 floats from the main body 10 of the floating dock 1 at the time of launching, for example, the lower member 212 is a guide rubber in a height range below the floating body structure 30 at the time of launching. It may extend to the floating structure 30 side from 240.

  The guide rubber 240 realizes an impact buffering function by bending when the floating structure 30 moving in the launching direction hits. With such an impact buffering function, the possibility of damage to the floating structure can be reduced even when the floating structure 30 swings and hits the guide roller 200 when the floating structure 30 is launched. Further, the guide rubber 240 realizes a guide function by rotating in the rotation direction corresponding to the moving direction of the floating structure 30 when the floating structure 30 moving in the launching direction hits.

  Thus, according to the floating dock guide system 5 of the present embodiment, the guide rollers 100 and 200 are arranged on the left and right sides of the floating structure 30 on the floating dock 1 to launch the floating structure. In addition, the possibility of damaging the floating structure and the wing of the floating dock can be reduced.

  In particular, according to the guide rollers 100 and 200 of the present embodiment, since the guide rubbers 140 and 240 are provided, even when the floating structure 30 hits the guide rollers 100 and 200, the floating structure 30 may be damaged. Can be reduced (impact buffering function). Further, due to the impact buffering function, the impact transmitted to the wing 11 via the guide roller 100 is also reduced, and the wing 11 can be appropriately protected from the impact.

  Further, according to the guide rollers 100 and 200 of the present embodiment, the guide rubbers 140 and 240 are supported rotatably around the rotation axes I1 and I2 that are perpendicular to the launching direction of the floating structure 30. Thereby, when the floating structure 30 hits the guide rubbers 140 and 240, the guide rubbers 140 and 240 rotate to guide the movement of the floating structure 30 in the launch direction (guide function).

  Next, a preferred arrangement method of the guide rollers 100 and 200 in the floating dock guide system 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining a preferred arrangement method of the guide rollers 100 and 200, and is a schematic view of the floating dock 1 as viewed from above. In FIG. 5, a preferable arrangement method of the starboard side guide rollers 100 and 200 will be described, but the starboard side is also bilaterally symmetric. FIG. 5 shows a line segment L1 connecting the positions of the two starboard side guide rollers 100 (for example, the position of the rotation axis I1) and the position of the center side guide roller 200 (for example, the position of the rotation axis I1). The connecting line segment L2 is shown. In FIG. 5, the width (length in the X direction) of the floating structure 30 is W, the interval (pitch) between the guide rollers 100 in the Y direction and the interval (pitch) between the guide rollers 200 in the Y direction are α, and the guide rubber. The radius of 140,240 is defined as d, and the distance (clearance in the X direction) between the guide rubbers 140,240 and the floating structure 30 is defined as Δ (not shown). Moreover, in FIG. 5, the position of position AF is shown by (circle).

  Here, when launching, the floating structure 30 may be slightly inclined with respect to the launching direction (Y direction). In FIG. 5, this inclination angle is θ. As shown in FIG. 5, the inclination angle θ is such that the floating structure 30 swings to the right in the launch direction and hits the guide rubber 140 of the right rear guide roller 100, and the left front of the floating structure 30 is the front left guide. Maximum when hitting the guide rubber 240 of the roller 200. Although the inclination angle θ is not shown, the floating structure 30 swings to the left in the launch direction and hits the guide rubber 240 of the left rear guide roller 200, and the front right of the floating structure 30 is the front right guide roller. It is also the maximum when it hits 100 guide rubbers 140. However, since the inclination angle θ is the same in all cases, the case of FIG. 5 is assumed here. FIG. 5 shows a critical position (position A) where the floating structure 30 has the right corner on the rear side in the launching direction hitting the wing 11R.

In FIG. 5, the distance β between the line segments L1 and L2 in the X direction corresponds to the distance between the pair of guide rollers 100 and 200, but substantially corresponds to the width of the floating structure 30 in the X direction. Specifically, it is as follows.
Distance β = W + 2d + 2Δ
Here, W is the width of the floating structure 30 (length in the X direction). Thus, the distance between the guide rollers 100 and 200 forming a pair can be determined according to the width of the floating structure 30 in the X direction when Δ is determined.

In FIG. 5, the linear distance (AF) from the position A to the position F is as follows using the linear distance (EA) from the position E to the position A.
(AF) = (EA) x tanθ
The linear distance (EA) is as follows.
(EA) = (GA)-(GE)
Here, the length (predetermined value) of the rear part of the floating structure 30 is used as the linear distance (GA) from the position G to the position A. The linear distance (GE) from the position G to the position E is as follows.
(GE) = (DE) x cosθ
At this time, the linear distance (GE) from the position D to the position E is as follows.
(DE) = d / tanθ
In this way, the linear distance (AF) can be obtained geometrically. Since the straight line distance (A−F) indicates the distance from the line segment L1 to the critical position as described above, for example, with α as a variable, the straight line distance (A−F) is from the actual wing 11R to the guide roller 100. What is necessary is just to derive | lead-out the range of (alpha) which becomes less than this distance. Then, the arrangement of the guide rollers 100 and 200 may be determined so that the interval (pitch) between the guide rollers 100 in the Y direction and the interval (pitch) between the guide rollers 200 in the Y direction are within this range.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a trial calculation result. FIG. 6 is a trial calculation example when W is 15 m, d is 0.15 m, and Δ is 0.10 m. FIG. 6 shows that it is effective to set α to about 3.5 [m] in order to keep the straight line distance (A-F) at the end of withdrawal at the time of launching to about 60 cm. In addition, when α is set to 15 [m], it is understood that the linear distance (AF) can be suppressed to about 18 cm even when the floating structure 30 extends to 25 m behind the most backward guide roller 100 in the launch direction. . From this trial calculation, it is understood that when the frame length of the floating structure 30 is about 40 m, it is effective to install the guide rollers 100 at positions 3.5 m and 15 m from the frontmost guide roller 100 in the launch direction.

  Next, a floating structure launching method using the guide rollers 100 and 200 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an outline of a floating structure launching method. First, as shown in FIG. 7, an operator assembles a scaffold on the floating dock 1 (step S700), and manufactures a concrete structure (an example of the floating structure 30) on the floating dock 1 (step S702). . Next, the worker removes the scaffold (step S704) and installs (fixes) the guide rollers 100 and 200 of the present embodiment. The arrangement and fixing method of the guide rollers 100 and 200 are as described above. Schematically, the operator fixes the guide roller 100 on the wing 11 side and the guide roller 200 between the concrete structures (706).

  Next, the operator pulls out the floating dock 1 (indicated as “FD” in FIG. 7) (step S708) and sinks it (step S710). Thereby, a concrete structure floats (refer arrow R2 of Drawing 2). Next, for example, using the dredger 80 (see FIG. 1), the concrete structure is pulled out (step S712), and the concrete structure is launched. When all the launches of the concrete structure to be launched are completed, the operator floats the floating dock 1 (step S714) and lands the floating dock 1 (step S716). Thereafter, the operator removes the guide rollers 100 and 200 from the floating dock 1 (step S718), and restores the floating dock 1 to a state where the next concrete structure can be manufactured.

  Although each embodiment has been described in detail above, it is not limited to a specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope described in the claims. It is also possible to combine all or a plurality of the components of the above-described embodiments.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, one guide roller 100 (the same applies to the guide roller 200) includes one guide rubber 140, but may include two or more guide rubbers 140. In this case, the two or more guide rubbers 140 may be provided offset in the height direction. Further, the guide roller 100 (the same applies to the guide roller 200) may include a mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the guide rubber 140 in the vertical direction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floating dock 5 Floating dock guide system 10 Main body 11 Wing 11L Wing 11R Wing 30 Floating structure 80 Dredger 90 Sea surface 100 Guide roller 110 Supporting base 112 Lower member 114 Vertical member 116 Cross member 118 Diagonal member 140 Guide rubber 150 Rubber member 200 Guide roller 210 Support base 212 Lower member 214 Vertical material 220 Diagonal material for lateral load 240 Guide rubber 250 Support point

Claims (9)

A support base;
A cylindrical rubber body rotatably supported by the support base,
The support table is a guide roller for a floating dock that can be fixed to the floating dock in a manner in which the rotation axis of the rubber body is perpendicular to the deck of the floating dock.   The guide roller for floating docks of Claim 1 further provided with the flat rubber member which can contact | abut to the wing of the said floating dock. The support base includes a frame portion extending in a direction inclined with respect to the rotation axis,
The floating dock guide roller according to claim 1, wherein the frame portion forms a support point on the floating dock side at a position offset with respect to the rotation shaft. A first guide roller;
A second guide roller,
The first guide roller is
A first support fixed to the first position of the floating dock;
A cylindrical first rubber body rotatably supported on the first support base and rotatable about a rotation axis perpendicular to the deck of the floating dock;
The second guide roller is
A second support base fixed to a second position different from the first position in the floating dock;
A cylindrical second rubber body rotatably supported on the second support base and rotatable about a rotation axis perpendicular to the deck of the floating dock;
When the launching direction of the floating structure in the floating dock is the front-rear direction, the first position and the second position are the same in the front-rear direction and are separated by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction. system.   The guide system for a floating dock according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined distance substantially corresponds to a width in the left-right direction of the floating structure.   The guide system for a floating dock according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of sets of the first guide roller and the second guide roller are provided for one floating body structure.   The floating dock guide system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the first guide roller further includes a flat rubber member that abuts against a wing of the floating dock. The second support base further includes a frame portion,
The said frame part is extended in the direction which inclines with respect to the rotating shaft of the said 2nd rubber body, and the direction which leaves | separates from the said 2nd rubber body, so that it goes to the deck of the said floating dock. Guide system for floating docks. When the launching direction of the floating structure in the floating dock is the front-rear direction, a rotation axis perpendicular to the deck of the floating dock on each of the left and right side surfaces of the floating structure on the floating dock Fix a guide roller with a cylindrical rubber body that can rotate around,
A floating structure launching method, comprising: launching the floating structure after fixing the guide roller.

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