JP2018146987A - Three-dimensional model for medical use, and manufacturing method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-dimensional model for medical use that makes possible accurate verification of the results of simulated surgical operations and can be inexpensively produced in a short period of time, and a manufacturing method for the model.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional model for medical use 1 comprises multiple sliced boards 11 and linking shafts 21. Each of the multiple sliced boards 11 represents the sectional shape of one or another of object regions of a living body in a state stacked in accordance with predetermined positional relations. The object regions of a living body include at least part of bones or organs. A through-hole H is formed in each sliced board 11. Insertion of linking shafts 21 into the through-holes H with some clearance enables the multiple sliced boards 11 to be linked to one another, holding the predetermined positional relations. At least some sliced boards 11 can be rotated relative to other sliced boards 11 around one linking shaft 21 and configured to be separable from other sliced boards 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a medical three-dimensional model and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In the medical field, a medical three-dimensional model representing a bone or organ of a living body is used. The medical three-dimensional model can be produced by, for example, a three-dimensional modeling method. Patent Document 1 describes a method for producing a bone entity model (a medical three-dimensional model) by cutting a foamed polystyrene block.

JP 2011-253009 A

  The medical three-dimensional model can be used, for example, for a simulated operation before an actual operation of a living body. If the result of the simulated operation can be accurately verified, practical training of the operation is possible, and the actual operation can be performed more appropriately.

  However, the conventional medical three-dimensional model produced by the above-described three-dimensional modeling method or the cutting processing of the polystyrene block is an integrally molded product. For this reason, when the cutting portion by the simulated operation is inside the medical three-dimensional model, it is difficult to confirm the shape, size, and position of the cutting portion. In this case, the result of the simulated operation cannot be accurately verified. Moreover, it takes time and cost to manufacture a conventional medical stereo model.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a medical three-dimensional model that can accurately verify the result of a simulated operation and that can be manufactured inexpensively in a short time and a manufacturing method thereof.

  (1) The medical three-dimensional model according to the first invention is a medical three-dimensional model of a target region of a living body including at least a part of a bone or an organ, and each represents a shape of a plurality of cross sections of the target region. And a plurality of slice plates each having a connecting portion and an auxiliary portion for connection, and a first connecting shaft for connecting the plurality of slice plates in a state in which the plurality of slice plates are stacked, Represents the shape of the target portion in a stacked state, and at least some of the auxiliary portions of the slice plates among the plurality of slice plates are inserted through the first connecting shaft with a certain clearance in the stacked state. It has one through-hole, and at least a part of the slice plates is configured to be rotatable around the first connecting shaft with respect to the other slice plates.

  According to this medical three-dimensional model, practical training for surgery is possible. In addition, a medical three-dimensional model can be used to explain the operation to the patient. Furthermore, since this medical stereo model can be manufactured inexpensively and in a short time, it is also possible to manufacture a medical stereo model having the same shape as the actual target part for each patient.

  In addition, since the first through-hole is formed in the auxiliary portion of the plurality of slice plates, even if the target portion has a complicated shape, the plurality of slice plates are connected and at least some of the slice plates Can be configured to be rotatable with respect to other slice plates.

  (2) At least a part of the plurality of slice plates may further include a second through hole through which the second connection shaft is inserted in a stacked state.

  In this case, the first connecting shaft is inserted through the first through hole, and the second connecting shaft is inserted through the second through hole, thereby preventing rotation of the plurality of slice plates. Thereby, a plurality of slice plates can be easily held in a state representing the shape of the target portion.

  (3) The second through-hole may be formed in at least a part of the shape of the slice plate.

  (4) Some slice plates among the plurality of slice plates may be formed of a material different from other slice plates.

  In this case, by using a material suitable for each of a plurality of portions of the medical stereo model, it is possible to facilitate cutting, to easily check the state after cutting, or to reduce the cost.

  (5) The outer peripheral end surfaces of the plurality of slice plates may have a color different from the color of the base material.

  According to said structure, when a some slice board is cut out and produced from a plate-shaped member, the color of an outer peripheral end surface differs from the color of a base material. Therefore, when a part of the medical three-dimensional model is cut in the simulated operation, the state of the cut portion can be clearly confirmed by comparing with the state before cutting. Therefore, it is possible to easily and accurately determine the quality of the cutting portion during and after the simulated operation.

  (6) Some slice plates of the plurality of slice plates may be fixed to each other.

  In this case, the sliced plate of the portion that does not need to be rotated is fixed, so that the medical stereo model can be easily handled.

  (7) Each of the plurality of slice plates has a plurality of auxiliary portions spaced apart from each other, and each of the plurality of auxiliary portions has a first through hole through which the first connecting shaft is inserted, and a plurality of auxiliary portions. A plurality of first connecting shafts may be inserted through the first through hole of the part.

  (8) At least a part of the auxiliary portion may be arranged linearly along an axis parallel to the vertical direction from the uppermost slice plate to the lowermost slice plate.

  (9) The auxiliary unit may be provided at a position corresponding to a portion of the living body target part that is not cut in actual surgery.

  (10) The first through hole may be formed in the auxiliary portion so as to communicate linearly from the uppermost slice plate to the lowermost slice plate.

  (11) At least some of the slice plates may be transparent.

  In this case, the user can easily and accurately confirm the internal state of the medical three-dimensional model through the transparent slice plate before, during, and after the simulated operation.

  (12) The plurality of slice plates may be formed of a material whose cut surface is discolored by heat by being cut using a laser cutter.

  In this case, when the plurality of slice plates are cut out from the plate-like member and manufactured, a laser cutter is used, so that the outer peripheral end surfaces of the plurality of slice plates can be discolored by the heat of the laser. Therefore, the color of the inner surface and the outer surface of the medical three-dimensional model can be made different from the color of the base material of each slice plate at low cost and without requiring a painting operation. Thereby, when a part of the medical three-dimensional model is cut in the simulated operation, the color of the base material appears in the cut part. As a result, the cut portion can be visually and accurately confirmed without hindering cost reduction.

  (13) A manufacturing method of a medical three-dimensional model according to the second invention is a method of manufacturing a medical three-dimensional model of a target region of a living body including at least a part of a bone or an organ, and includes a plurality of cross sections of the target region. A step of acquiring an image, and a step of cutting out from the plate member a plurality of slice plates each having a shape constituting portion and a connecting auxiliary portion respectively representing the shapes of the plurality of cross sections of the target portion based on the images of the plurality of cross sections And a step of forming a through hole in the auxiliary portion of at least a part of the slice plate, in which a plurality of slice plates are laminated and allowing the connecting shaft to be inserted with a certain clearance, and laminating the plurality of slice plates And inserting a connecting shaft into the through hole to allow at least a part of the slice plate to rotate about the connecting shaft with respect to another slice plate.

  According to the manufacturing method of the medical three-dimensional model, the medical three-dimensional model according to the first invention can be manufactured inexpensively and in a short time by cutting and punching the plate-like member without using the three-dimensional modeling method. Can do.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately verify the result of a simulated operation using a medical three-dimensional model, and it is possible to manufacture a medical three-dimensional model in a short time and at a low cost.

It is a perspective view of a medical stereo model concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the target site | part of the biological body represented by the medical stereo model of FIG. It is a partial exploded perspective view of the medical three-dimensional model of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the example which partially rotates a part of slice board in a medical stereo model. It is explanatory drawing which shows the basic procedure of artificial hip joint replacement. It is a perspective view of the medical three-dimensional model after the simulation operation by cutting. It is a top view which shows an example of the slice board before the simulation operation and after the simulation operation. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of a medical stereo model. It is a figure for demonstrating the specific example of the manufacturing method of the medical solid model shown by FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the specific example of the manufacturing method of the medical solid model shown by FIG. It is a perspective view of the medical three-dimensional model which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows a part of several slice board which comprises the medical stereo model of FIG.

  A medical three-dimensional model and a manufacturing method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The medical stereo model is a stereo model representing a target region of a living body including at least a part of a bone or an organ. Hereinafter, a medical stereo model representing a part of the pelvis will be described as an example of the medical stereo model.

[1] First Embodiment (1) Configuration of Medical Stereo Model FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a medical stereo model according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a medical stereo model of FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a target region of a living body represented by 1. FIG. In FIG. 2, a pelvis B0, a right femur B3, and a left femur B4 are shown as skeletons of the lumbar region of the living body and its periphery. The pelvis B0 includes a right hipbone B1 and a left hipbone B2. As shown by the dot pattern in FIG. 2, the medical three-dimensional model 1 in FIG. 1 represents the acetabulum B11 and the vicinity thereof in the right acetabulum B1.

  In the medical three-dimensional model 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 3, 4, 6 and 11, which will be described later, the part representing the acetabulum B11 in FIG. FIG. 1A shows a medical three-dimensional model 1 when a part of the right acetabulum B1 having the acetabulum B11 of FIG. 2 is viewed in the direction of a thick dotted arrow AR1. FIG. 1 (b) shows the medical three-dimensional model 1 when a part of the right acetabulum B1 having the acetabulum B11 of FIG. 2 is viewed in the direction of the thick dotted arrow AR2.

  The medical three-dimensional model 1 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B can be used for a simulated operation of, for example, an operation for attaching an artificial hip joint to the pelvis B0 (hereinafter referred to as an artificial hip joint replacement). FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the medical three-dimensional model 1 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the medical three-dimensional model 1 includes a plurality of slice plates 11 and at least one connecting shaft 21. In the present embodiment, the medical three-dimensional model 1 has a plurality of connecting shafts 21.

  The plurality of slice plates 11 have a certain thickness (for example, about 3 mm), and respectively represent the shapes of a plurality of cross sections of a target region of the living body (a part of the right hipbone B1 in this example). In addition, the plurality of slice plates 11 represent the shape of the target portion of the living body in a state where they are stacked according to a predetermined positional relationship.

  The plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out from a wooden plate-like member having a certain thickness using a laser cutter. Here, the wooden plate-like member has a light yellow color, for example. In a wooden plate-like member, when cut using a laser cutter, the cut surface changes to black due to the heat of the laser. Thereby, the color of the outer peripheral end face of each of the plurality of slice plates 11 is different from the color (light yellow) of the base material of the slice plates 11 as shown by hatching in FIG. Each of the plurality of slice plates 11 is given a predetermined unique identification number. Details of the identification number will be described later. In FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4 and 7 described later, the identification number is not shown.

  Further, at least one through hole H is formed in each of the plurality of slice plates 11. In the present embodiment, at least two (two or four in the example of FIG. 3) circular through holes H are formed in each of the plurality of slice plates 11. The plurality of through holes H have a common inner diameter. The plurality of connecting shafts 21 are rod-shaped members having a circular cross section. The outer diameter of the connecting shaft 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole H.

  In a state where the plurality of slice plates 11 are stacked according to a predetermined positional relationship, each through hole H of the plurality of slice plates 11 communicates linearly. A plurality of connecting shafts 21 are inserted through the through holes H of the plurality of slice plates 11 with a certain clearance. Thereby, the plurality of slice plates 11 are connected to each other so as to maintain a predetermined positional relationship.

  In the example of FIG. 3, two through holes H are formed in the first to third slice plates 11 from the top, and four through holes H are formed in the fourth slice plate 11. Two connecting shafts 21 are inserted through the two through holes H of the first to fourth stage slice plates 11 so as to connect the first to fourth stage slice plates 11.

  Further, two through holes H are formed in the fifth to eighth slice plates 11. Two connecting shafts 21 are respectively inserted into the two through holes H of the fourth to eighth stage slice plates 11 so as to connect the fourth to eighth stage slice plates 11. In FIG. 3, the connection state of the slice plates 11 in the ninth and lower stages is not shown.

  By inserting the connecting shaft 21 into each through hole H of the plurality of slice plates 11, the stacked plurality of slice plates 11 are positioned so as to represent the shape of the target portion. The medical three-dimensional model 1 of the present embodiment can be easily and accurately assembled from the plurality of slice plates 11 and the plurality of connecting shafts 21.

  In the medical three-dimensional model 1 of the present embodiment, since the connecting shaft 21 is inserted into each through hole H with a certain clearance, the user can easily pull out each connecting shaft 21 from the through hole H. it can.

  In addition, the user pulls out one of the two connecting shafts 21 from the slice plate 11 to pull out some of the slice plates 11 with respect to the other slice plates 11. It can be rotated relative to the center.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example in which some slice plates 11 are partially rotated in the medical three-dimensional model 1. In the example of FIG. 4, the 14th-stage slice plate 11 is called one slice plate 11A, and the 13th-stage slice plate 11 is called another slice plate 11B. The two connecting shafts 21 that connect one slice plate 11A and another slice plate 11B are referred to as connecting shafts 21a and 21b.

  In this case, as shown by a thick solid arrow in FIG. 4, the user pulls out the connecting shaft 21a from the through hole H of the other slice plate 11B, thereby removing the other slice plate 11B and the slice plate 11 on the upper side thereof. The slice plate 11A and its lower slice plate 11 can be rotated relative to each other about the connecting shaft 21b.

  As described above, the user rotates a part of the slice plates 11 relative to the other slice plates 11 or removes some of the slice plates 11 from the other slice plates 11, thereby The slice plate 11 can be partially disassembled. Therefore, it is possible to easily and accurately confirm the shape, size, and position of a desired portion in the target region of the living body.

(2) An example of simulated surgery using a medical stereo model An outline of hip replacement will be described. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the basic procedure of hip replacement. In FIGS. 5A to 5F, the right hipbone B1 and the right femur B3 are shown by solid lines as the skeleton of the lumbar region of the living body and its surroundings. Further, the skin covering the right hipbone B1 and the right femur B3 is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a part of the skin covering the hip joint is incised. The femoral head B31 of the right femur B3 is removed from the acetabulum B11 of the right acetabulum B1 through the opening B5 formed by the incision. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the femoral head B31 of the right femur B3 is cut, and the cut femoral head B31 is removed.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5F described later, the artificial hip joint 90 mainly includes a socket 91, an artificial bone head 92, and a stem 93. The socket 91 has a hemispherical shape, and functions as an artificial acetabulum B11 by being fixed to the acetabulum (in this example, the right acetabulum B1). The socket 91 is composed of, for example, a metal outer cup and a resin inner cup. The stem 93 has a substantially bar shape and functions as a part of the femur (in this example, the right femur B3).

  After the femoral head B31 of the right femur B3 of FIG. 5 (b) is removed, the socket 91 of FIG. 5 (d) is fixed to the right hipbone B1 as shown in FIG. 5 (c). The acetabulum B11 is cut by the reamer 80. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5D, the socket 91 is fixed to the cut portion of the acetabulum B11 using screws, bone cement, or the like as necessary.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5E, the stem 93 is inserted into the right femur B3 from above. The stem 93 is fixed in a state in which the upper end portion slightly protrudes from the upper end portion of the right femur B3. In this state, the artificial bone head 92 is attached to the upper end portion of the stem 93. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5 (f), the artificial bone head 92 is attached to the socket 91 fixed to the right hipbone B1. Thereby, the artificial bone head 92 is slidably accommodated in the socket 91. Finally, the hip replacement is completed by closing the opening B5.

  The user of the medical three-dimensional model 1 can simulate the cutting of the acetabulum B11 (see FIG. 5C) as a simulated operation for hip replacement. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the medical three-dimensional model 1 after the simulated operation by cutting. A portion representing the acetabulum B11 of the medical three-dimensional model 1 is cut by a reamer (not shown) by a simulated operation of artificial hip joint replacement. In this case, as indicated by a thick white arrow in FIG. 6, the color of the base material of the slice plate 11 (light yellow) appears in the portion cut by the reamer.

  FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of the slice plate 11 before and after the simulated operation. FIG. 7A shows a plan view of the slice plate 11 before the simulated operation, and FIG. 7B shows a plan view of the slice plate 11 after the simulated operation. In FIG.7 (b), the cutting part by a reamer among the slice plates 11 is shown by the white thick arrow.

  As described above, the user rotates a part of the slice plates 11 relative to the other slice plates 11 or removes some of the slice plates 11 from the other slice plates 11, thereby The slice plate 11 can be partially disassembled.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7A, the user can easily and accurately confirm the shape, size, and position of an arbitrary portion of the medical three-dimensional model 1 before the simulated operation. Moreover, as shown in FIG.7 (b), the shape of the cutting part of the medical three-dimensional model 1 after the simulation operation, a dimension, and a position can be confirmed easily and correctly. For example, the user can easily and accurately confirm the cutting depth, the size of the cutting portion, the orientation of the cutting portion, the cutting position, and the like. As described above, the user can accurately verify the result of the simulated operation, so that practical training of the operation is possible.

(3) Manufacturing Method of Medical Stereo Model FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method of the medical stereo model 1. 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining a specific example of the manufacturing method of the medical three-dimensional model 1 shown in FIG.

  When manufacturing the medical three-dimensional model 1, first, images of a plurality of cross sections are acquired for a target portion of a living body (step S11). A plurality of cross-sectional images can be acquired by observing a plurality of cross-sections of a target region using, for example, a CT (Computer Tomography) scanner, an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Image) scanner, or an ultrasonic tomography apparatus.

  For example, as shown to Fig.9 (a), several cross sections of a biological body are observed using the CT scanner about the range R of the up-down direction containing a part of right hipbone B1. Thereby, images of a plurality of cross sections within the range R are acquired. FIGS. 9B to 9J show image examples of a plurality of cross sections acquired within the range R. FIG. In the images of FIGS. 9B to 9J, a cross section of the right acetabulum B1 is shown in a substantially central portion. Further, in the images of FIGS. 9 (i) and 9 (j), a cross section of the right femur B 3 is shown along with a cross section of the right hipbone B 1.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the three-dimensional data of the target part is generated based on the acquired images of the plurality of cross sections (step S12). The three-dimensional data is surface shape data indicating the shape of the outer surface and the inner surface of the target part. Such three-dimensional data can be created in a format such as OBJ format or STL (Standard Triangulated Language) format.

  Next, based on the three-dimensional data of the target part, the shape data of the plurality of slice plates 11 representing the shapes of the plurality of cross sections of the target part are respectively generated (step S13). At this time, the thickness of each slice plate 11 is appropriately set.

  Next, based on the shape data of the plurality of slice plates 11, the plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out from the wooden plate member having the thickness set in step S13 (step S14). In addition, a plurality of through holes H are formed in each slice plate 11 and a unique identification number is given to the slice plate 11 (step S15). Steps S14 and S15 may be performed in this order, or may be performed in the reverse order. Alternatively, steps S14 and S15 may be performed simultaneously. Cutting out the slicing plate 11, forming the through holes H, and assigning the identification numbers are performed using a laser cutter.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a wooden plate-like member 40 having a certain thickness is prepared. A plurality (24 in this example) of slice plates 11 are cut out from the prepared plate-like member 40. Further, at least one (two or four in the example of FIG. 10) through-holes H is formed in each slice plate 11. Further, an identification number is assigned to each slice plate 11. In the example of FIG. 10, the numbers surrounded by dotted lines are examples of identification numbers. The identification number represents, for example, the order of lamination for laminating a plurality of slice plates 11 according to a predetermined positional relationship.

  In the example of FIG. 10, the six slice plates 11 from the top to the sixth from the left end to the right represent the cross sections of the images shown in FIGS. Further, the three slice plates 11 from the left end to the third in the second stage respectively represent the cross sections of the images shown in FIGS.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 8, the plurality of slice plates 11 and the plurality of connecting shafts 21 are assembled based on the identification numbers, and the plurality of slice plates 11 are connected by the plurality of connecting shafts 21 (step S16). Thereby, the medical three-dimensional model 1 is completed.

(4) Effects According to the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the user simulates the medical three-dimensional model 1 by cutting similar to the actual surgery before the actual operation of the target portion of the living body. Surgery can be performed. After the simulated operation, the user rotates a part of the slice plates 11 relative to the other slice plates 11 or removes a part of the slice plates 11 from the other slice plates 11, thereby The slice plate 11 can be partially disassembled.

  Therefore, even when the cutting portion is inside the medical three-dimensional model 1, the user can easily confirm the shape, size, and position of the cutting portion after the simulated operation. Further, by disassembling the plurality of slice plates 11, it is possible to confirm the shape of the cross section equivalent to the cross section image acquired by the CT scanner or the like by each slice plate 11. Thereby, since the result of the simulated operation can be accurately verified, practical training of the operation is possible. In addition, the medical three-dimensional model 1 can be used to explain the operation to the patient.

  Furthermore, the medical three-dimensional model 1 can be manufactured at low cost and in a short time by cutting and drilling the wooden plate member 40 without using a three-dimensional modeling method. Therefore, it is also possible to manufacture the medical three-dimensional model 1 having the same shape as the actual target part for each patient.

  In the present embodiment, each slice plate 11 is connected to another slice plate 11 by at least two connecting shafts 21. In this case, the plurality of slice plates 11 are prevented from rotating relatively. Thereby, it is possible to easily hold the plurality of slice plates 11 in a state where the target portion is represented.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out from a wooden plate member using a laser cutter, whereby the color of the outer peripheral end face of each of the plurality of slice plates 11 changes from the color of the base material. Therefore, the color of the inner surface and the outer surface of the medical three-dimensional model 1 can be made different from the color of the base material of each slice plate 11 easily and inexpensively without requiring a painting operation. Thereby, when a part of the three-dimensional medical model 1 is cut by the reamer 80 in the simulated operation, the color of the base material appears in the cut portion. As a result, the cut portion can be visually and accurately confirmed without hindering cost reduction.

  Further, the user can compare the medical three-dimensional model 1 with the target portion of the living body by arranging the medical three-dimensional model 1 after the simulated operation at an observable position when performing an actual operation. . In this case, the user can intuitively recognize the exact shape of the actual target part from the medical three-dimensional model 1 and can intuitively recognize the position and size of the target part to be cut. it can. As a result, it is possible to reduce the time required for actual surgery and to perform highly accurate surgery.

[2] Second Embodiment (1) Configuration of Medical Stereo Model The medical stereo model according to the second embodiment is described with respect to differences from the medical stereo model 1 according to the first embodiment. To do. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a medical three-dimensional model according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a part of a plurality of slice plates 11 constituting the medical three-dimensional model 1 of FIG. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of slice plates 11 and connecting shafts 211 and 212. 12A, 12B, and 12C are plan views of the first, second, and third slice plates 11 from the top of the plurality of slice plates 11 in FIG. 11, respectively. . Also in the present embodiment, each of the plurality of slice plates 11 is assigned an identification number. In FIG. 11 and FIGS. 12A to 12C, the identification number is not shown.

  As shown in FIG. 11 and FIGS. 12A to 12C, each of the plurality of slice plates 11 includes a shape constituting portion 110 and an auxiliary portion 120. The shape constituent portions 110 of the plurality of slice plates 11 represent the shapes of a plurality of cross sections of the target portion of the living body, respectively. In addition, the shape constituting unit 110 of the plurality of slice plates 11 has a shape of the target portion of the living body as shown by a thick dotted line in FIG. 11 in a state in which the plurality of slice plates 11 are stacked according to a predetermined positional relationship. Represent.

  On the other hand, the auxiliary portion 120 of each slice plate 11 is formed so as to protrude in a predetermined direction from a part of the shape constituting portion 110. In addition, at least some of the plurality of auxiliary units 120 are parallel in the vertical direction from the uppermost slice plate 11 to the lowermost slice plate 11 in a state in which the multiple slice plates 11 are stacked according to a predetermined positional relationship. Line up along a straight axis. These auxiliary portions 120 are provided at positions corresponding to portions that are not cut in the actual surgery among the target portions of the living body.

  Each of the auxiliary portions 120 of the plurality of slice plates 11 is formed with a through-hole H1 so as to communicate linearly from the uppermost slice plate 11 to the lowermost slice plate 11. Further, each of the auxiliary portions 120 of the plurality of slice plates 11 is formed with a through hole H2 so as to communicate linearly from the uppermost slice plate 11 to the lowermost slice plate 11.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the connecting shaft 211 is inserted into the plurality of through holes H1 with a certain clearance, and the connecting shaft 212 is inserted into the plurality of through holes H2 with a certain clearance. Thereby, the plurality of slice plates 11 are connected to each other so as to maintain a predetermined positional relationship.

  Also in the present embodiment, the medical three-dimensional model 1 is manufactured by the same manufacturing method as the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out from a wooden plate-like member having a certain thickness using a laser cutter.

(2) Effects According to the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the user can disassemble the plurality of slice plates 11 by pulling out the connecting shafts 211 and 212. Further, the user pulls out the connecting shaft 212 (or the connecting shaft 211), so that a part of the slice plates 11 is connected to the other slice plates 11 with respect to the connecting shaft 211 as shown by a thick solid arrow in FIG. (Or the connecting shaft 212) can be rotated relatively. Therefore, the user can easily and accurately confirm the shape, size, and position of a desired portion in the target region of the living body.

  In the present embodiment, through holes H <b> 1 and H <b> 2 for connecting a plurality of slice plates 11 are formed in the auxiliary portion 120 instead of the shape constituting portion 110. Therefore, even if the target region of the living body has a complicated shape, a plurality of slice plates 11 are connected by a small number of connection shafts 211 and 212, and at least some of the slice plates 11 are connected to other slice plates 11. On the other hand, it can be easily configured to be rotatable.

  Since the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment is manufactured by the same manufacturing method as the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the first embodiment, it can be manufactured inexpensively and in a short time.

[3] Other Embodiments (1) In the above embodiment, the plurality of slice plates 11 are manufactured by processing a wooden plate member, but the present invention is not limited to this. As a material of the plurality of slice plates 11, a resin material such as polyurethane can be used instead of wood. By using a resin material as the material of the plurality of slice plates 11, the medical three-dimensional model 1 that is light and easy to process can be realized.

  Moreover, as a material of the plurality of slice plates 11, a transparent material such as transparent glass or transparent resin can be used instead of wood. In this case, the user can easily and accurately confirm the internal state of the medical three-dimensional model 1 through the transparent slice plate 11 before the simulation operation, during the simulation operation, and after the simulation operation. In particular, when attaching another member such as an artificial joint to the medical three-dimensional model, the user can easily and accurately confirm the attachment state of the other member through the transparent slice plate 11.

  (2) In the above embodiment, all of the plurality of slice plates 11 are produced by processing a wooden plate member, but the present invention is not limited to this. Some slice plates 11 among the plurality of slice plates 11 may be formed of a material different from the other slice plates 11. As a plurality of different materials, wood, resin material, transparent material, or the like can be used.

  In this case, by using a material suitable for each of the plurality of portions of the medical three-dimensional model 1, it is possible to facilitate cutting, facilitate confirmation of a state after cutting, or reduce costs.

  For example, the slice plate 11 to be cut among the plurality of slice plates 11 may be formed of a material having low strength such as polyurethane that can be easily cut, and the other slice plate 11 may be formed of an inexpensive material such as wood. Good. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce the cost as well as to facilitate cutting. Alternatively, the slice plate 11 to be cut among the plurality of slice plates 11 may be formed of a transparent material, and the other slice plate 11 may be formed of an inexpensive material such as wood. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce the cost while facilitating confirmation of the state after cutting.

  A plurality of materials having different colors may be used as the plurality of different materials. For example, as a material for the plurality of slice plates 11, a plurality of trees having different base material colors may be used. A plurality of acrylic resins having different colors may be used as the material of the plurality of slice plates 11. In these cases, by using the slice plates 11 having colors suitable for the plurality of portions of the medical three-dimensional model 1, for example, confirmation of the cutting location can be facilitated.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out from the wooden plate member 40 by the laser cutter, but the present invention is not limited to this. The plurality of slice plates 11 may be cut out by cutting using a cutting tool instead of a laser cutter, or may be cut out by water jet cutting.

  When the slice plate 11 is cut from the plate-like member 40 by cutting or water jet cutting, the color of the outer peripheral end face of each of the plurality of slice plates 11 does not change from the color of the base material. As described above, when the plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out from the plate-like member 40 and their cut surfaces do not change color, the outer peripheral end surfaces (cut surfaces) of the slice plates 11 are cut out after the plurality of slice plates 11 are cut out. May be painted in a color different from the color of the base material. Thereby, it is possible to visually and accurately confirm the state of the cutting portion after the simulated operation.

  (4) In the second embodiment, all of the plurality of slice plates 11 are connected by the connecting shafts 211 and 212, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the medical three-dimensional model 1 according to the second embodiment, one of the connecting shafts 211 and 212 may not be provided. In this case, all of the plurality of slice plates 11 are connected by one connecting shaft. Thereby, the number of parts of the medical three-dimensional model 1 is reduced and the medical three-dimensional model 1 can be easily assembled.

  (5) In the above-described embodiment, all of the plurality of slice plates 11 are detachably coupled by the plurality of coupling shafts 21, 211, 212, but the present invention is not limited to this. Some slice plates 11 among the plurality of slice plates 11 constituting the medical three-dimensional model 1 may be fixed to each other. For example, some slice plates 11 that are not cut by the simulated surgery may be fixed to each other using an adhesive or the like. In this case, the medical stereo model 1 can be easily handled.

(6) In the above embodiment, an example in which all of the medical three-dimensional model 1 is mainly configured by a plurality of slice plates 11 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. A portion of the medical three-dimensional model 1 that is not cut by the simulated surgery, that is, a portion that does not need to be disassembled after the simulated surgery may be configured by an integrally molded product. The integrally molded product can be produced by, for example, a three-dimensional modeling method or a processing method using an NC (Numerical Control) machine tool. In this case, the medical stereo model 1 can be easily handled.

  (7) In the second embodiment, each of the plurality of slice plates 11 has one auxiliary portion 120, but the present invention is not limited to this. Each of the plurality of slice plates 11 may include two auxiliary portions 120 that are separated from each other. In this case, the through hole H1 may be formed in one auxiliary portion 120 and the through hole H2 may be formed in the other auxiliary portion 120.

  Further, each of the plurality of slice plates 11 may include three or more auxiliary portions 120 that are separated from each other. In this case, one or more through holes may be formed in each auxiliary portion 120 and a connecting shaft may be inserted through each through hole of each auxiliary portion 120.

  (8) In the second embodiment, the through holes H1 and H2 are formed in the auxiliary portions 120 of the plurality of slice plates 11, but the present invention is not limited to this. The through holes H1 may be formed in the auxiliary portions 120 of the plurality of slice plates 11, and the through holes H2 may be formed in the shape constituent portions 110 of the plurality of slice plates 11.

  (9) In the above embodiment, the medical three-dimensional model 1 representing a part of the pelvis B0 of the living body has been described. It is not limited to examples. The medical three-dimensional model 1 may be configured to represent a living organ such as a brain, heart, liver, or kidney.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be effectively used for a medical three-dimensional model representing a target region of a living body including at least a part of a bone or an organ.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Medical three-dimensional model 11,11A, 11B Slice board 21,211,212,21a, 21b Connecting shaft 40 Plate-like member 80 Reamer 90 Hip joint 91 Socket 92 Artificial head 93 Stem 110 Shape composition part 120 Auxiliary part B0 Pelvis B1 Right Acetabulum B2 left hipbone B3 right femur B4 left femur B5 opening B11 acetabulum B31 femoral head H, H1, H2 through hole

Claims (10)

A medical three-dimensional model of a target region of a living body including at least a part of a bone or an organ,
A plurality of slice plates each having a shape constituting part and a connecting auxiliary part each representing the shape of a plurality of cross sections of the target part;
A first connecting shaft that connects the plurality of slice plates in a state in which the plurality of slice plates are stacked;
The shape component of the plurality of slice plates represents the shape of the target portion in a stacked state,
The auxiliary portion of at least some of the plurality of slice plates has a first through hole through which the first connecting shaft is inserted with a certain clearance in a stacked state, and the at least one slice plate has the first through hole. A medical three-dimensional model in which a slice plate of a portion is configured to be rotatable around the first connection axis with respect to another slice plate. 2. The medical three-dimensional model according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of slice plates further include a second through hole through which the second connection shaft is inserted in a stacked state. The medical three-dimensional model according to claim 2, wherein the second through hole is formed in the shape component of at least a part of the slice plate. The medical three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein some of the plurality of slice plates are formed of a material different from other slice plates. 5. The medical three-dimensional model according to claim 1, wherein outer peripheral end surfaces of the plurality of slice plates have a color different from a color of a base material. The medical three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein some of the plurality of slice plates are fixed to each other. Each of the plurality of slice plates has a plurality of the auxiliary portions spaced from each other.
The plurality of auxiliary portions have the first through holes through which the first connection shafts are inserted, and the plurality of first connection shafts are inserted into the first through holes of the plurality of auxiliary portions. The medical three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is inserted.   The medical part according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least a part of the auxiliary part is arranged linearly along an axis parallel to the vertical direction from the uppermost slice plate to the lowermost slice plate. Solid model.   The medical three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the auxiliary unit is provided at a position corresponding to a portion of a living body target part that is not cut in an actual operation. The medical use according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first through hole is formed in the auxiliary portion so as to communicate linearly from the uppermost slice plate to the lowermost slice plate. Solid model.

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