JP2018145612A - Building unit and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To mainly improve the dimensional accuracy of a building unit.SOLUTION: Building units 3, 4 comprise a unit body 14 formed by combining a floor panel 11 with wall panels 12, and supported parts 15 attached under the floor panel 11 to be installed on an external unit support part (for example, foundation 2). The floor panel 11 is manufactured to be smaller than the supported parts 15 in the side view. The supported parts 15 are made to a size fitted to a unit size US. The floor panel 11 is made to be smaller than the unit size US by dimensional tolerance or made to be smaller more than the dimensional tolerance, so as not to extend from the supported parts 15. The supported parts 15 are sills 15a installed to the unit body 3 of a lower floor, or are head ties 15b installed to the unit body 4 of an upper floor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a building unit and a manufacturing method thereof.

  A unit construction method is carried out in which a building unit manufactured in advance in a factory is transported to a building site, and a plurality of building units are arranged and assembled on the building site to construct a unit building. There are two types of building units used in the unit method: wooden and steel.

  Among these, the wooden building unit includes at least a unit body formed by assembling a floor panel and a wall panel (see, for example, Patent Document 1). For example, a base for installation with respect to the foundation is attached to the lower part of the floor panel in the building unit on the lower floor.

Japanese Patent No. 5715792

  However, since the wooden building unit is made of wood, there is a problem that it is difficult to increase the dimensional accuracy of the building unit. And since the building unit is a large assembly, if the dimensional accuracy of the building unit is low, a great deal of time and effort is required for the adjustment work when installing the building unit on the foundation and the step adjustment work with the adjacent building unit. Will be applied. As a result, the construction period becomes longer and costs increase.

  Therefore, the present invention mainly aims to solve the above-described problems.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention includes a unit main body formed by assembling a floor panel and a wall panel, and a supported part for installation to an external unit support part at the lower part of the floor panel. The floor panel is made smaller than the supported portion in a side view, the supported portion has a size that matches the unit size, and the floor panel is In order not to protrude from the supported part, it is smaller than the unit size by a dimensional tolerance or smaller than the dimensional tolerance, and the supported part is a base installed in the unit body on the lower floor, or It is a head connection installed in the unit body on the upper floor.

  According to this invention, the dimensional accuracy of a building unit can be improved by the said structure.

It is the disassembled side view which shows the wood type unit building concerning this Embodiment. It is a perspective view of a wooden building unit. Among these, (a) is a building unit having wall panels on three sides, and (b) is a building unit having wall panels on two sides. (A) is a perspective view of the foundation as a unit support part, (b) is a perspective view which shows the state which has installed the some building unit side by side with respect to the foundation. The manufacturing process of a floor panel is shown. Of these, (a) is a step of manufacturing a supported part, (b) is a step of manufacturing a floor frame, (c) is a step of attaching a floor material to the floor frame to form a floor panel, and (d) is a floor panel. It is the process of attaching a supported part to the back surface. The manufacturing method of the building unit concerning this Example is shown. Among these, (a) is the state before the assembly of the building unit, and (b) is the state after the assembly of the building unit. The manufacturing method of the existing building unit is shown. Among these, (a) is the state before the assembly of the building unit, and (b) is the state after the assembly of the building unit. This shows the clearance between the bolt hole and the fastening portion. Among these, (a) is the case of the building unit of this embodiment, and (b) is the case of the existing building unit.

Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 7 are for explaining this embodiment.

  <Configuration> The configuration will be described below.

  There is a unit construction method in which a building unit manufactured in advance in a factory is transported to a building site, and a unit building is constructed by arranging and assembling a plurality of building units at the building site. There are two types of building units used in the unit method: wooden and steel.

  FIG. 1 is an exploded side view showing a wooden unit building 1, in which a wooden building unit 3 constituting a lower floor is installed on an upper part of a foundation 2 provided on the ground GL, and a lower floor building unit 3 is installed. A wooden building unit 4 constituting the upper floor is installed at the top of the building, and a roof unit 5 is installed above the building unit 4 on the upper floor.

  In this case, the foundation 2 becomes a unit support for the building unit 3 on the lower floor, the building unit 3 on the lower floor becomes a unit support for the building unit 4 on the upper floor, and the building unit 4 on the upper floor supports the unit on the roof unit 5. Has become a department.

  And the wooden building units 3 and 4 of the lower floor and the upper floor include at least a unit main body 14 formed by assembling the floor panel 11 and the wall panel 12. Preferably, the building units 3 and 4 include a unit main body 14 formed by assembling a floor panel 11, a wall panel 12, and a ceiling panel 13 in a casing shape.

  At the lower part of the floor panel 11 in the building units 3 and 4, a supported part 15 for installation with respect to an external unit support part is attached. The supported portion 15 is a base 15a attached to the lower part of the building unit 3 on the lower floor, a head connection 15b attached to the lower part of the building unit 4 on the upper floor, or the like. The base 15a and the head connection 15b are basically provided with the same structure and function.

  And the fastening part 16 protrudes upwards from the upper surface of each unit support part. The fastening portion 16 is an anchor bolt 16a that protrudes from the upper surface of the foundation 2, a bolt 16b that protrudes from the upper part of the building unit 3 on the lower floor, or the upper part of the building unit 4 on the upper floor.

  The building units 3 and 4 may have wall panels 12 on four sides. For example, the building units 3 and 4 have wall panels 12 on three sides as shown in FIG. 2A, or as shown in FIG. A large space can be obtained by providing a panel having wall panels 12 on two opposing surfaces and arranging them on a unit support such as the foundation 2 as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). It is possible to construct a unit building 1 having a living room space.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the floor panel 11 has a plurality of floor joists 23 spaced apart from each other between a pair of parallel side joists 21 and a pair of end joists 22 assembled in a rectangular shape. As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the floor material 25 is attached to the upper surface of the floor frame that is attached and has. The side joists 21, end joists 22, and floor joists 23 are installed with their surfaces facing sideways.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the supported portion 15 has three timbers in conformity with the shape of the building units 3 and 4, and is U-shaped or H-shaped in a plan view with the surface facing up. It is combined to form a letter or the like, or two timbers are combined so as to have a two-letter shape in plan view with the side facing up. The supported portion 15 is provided with a bolt hole 26 for passing the fastening portion 16 such as the anchor bolt 16a or the bolt 16b. The bolt hole 26 is provided in accordance with the fastening portion 16. In this case, the bolt holes 26 are appropriately provided in the vicinity of the both ends of each timber constituting the supported portion 15, the central portion, or the like.

  In addition to the basic configuration as described above, this embodiment has the following configuration.

  (1) As shown in FIG. 5, the building units 3 and 4 are made such that the floor panel 11 is smaller than the supported portion 15 in a side view (L1 <L2).

  Here, the floor panel 11 is smaller than the supported portion 15 in either or both of the long side direction and the short side direction. That is, the floor panel 11 is accommodated inside the outer peripheral surface (or outline) of the supported portion 15 in plan view.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the existing building units 103 and 104, the supported portion 115 is formed according to the floor panel 111. It was the same or slightly smaller. Alternatively, the floor panel 111 is substantially the same as or larger than the supported portion 115.

  (2) More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the supported portion 15 is formed in a size that matches the unit size US (L2 = unit size US). Then, the floor panel 11 is made smaller than the unit size US by a dimensional tolerance or smaller than the dimensional tolerance so as not to protrude from the supported portion 15 (L1 <unit size US).

  Here, the supported portion 15 is made in advance according to the unit size US, separately from the floor panel 11. The floor panel 11 is made smaller than the unit size US. These are combined as described later.

  The unit size US is a design dimension of the building units 3 and 4. In a normal case, the dimensional tolerance of the floor panel 11 with respect to the unit size US is set, for example, to ± 3 mm for the long side direction and ± 2 mm for the short side direction. In this embodiment, the floor panel 11 is made small so as to have a dimensional difference S of −3 mm in both the long side direction and the short side direction with respect to the unit size US.

  On the other hand, in the existing building units 103 and 104, as shown in FIG. 6, the floor panel 111 is made according to the unit size US, and then the supported portion 115 is made according to the floor panel 111. Therefore, the floor panel 111 has a size having an error within the range of the dimensional tolerance with respect to the unit size US, and the supported portion 115 is substantially the same as or smaller than the floor panel 111. .

  (3) Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the wall panel 12 is attached to the floor panel 11 in a state of being aligned with the supported portion 15.

  Here, in the existing building units 103 and 104, as shown in FIG. 6, the wall panel 112 is directly attached to the floor panel 111 regardless of the supported portion 115. Therefore, in the case of the existing building units 103 and 104, the wall panel 112 is installed with the same error as the error of the floor panel 111.

  On the other hand, in the case of this embodiment, a step 31 or a gap is purposely provided between the wall panel 12 and the floor panel 11 to adjust the error and improve the dimensional accuracy of the building units 3 and 4. I am trying to set it. Therefore, the wall panel 12 is installed so as to fit the unit size US.

  (4) And as shown to Fig.7 (a), the bolt hole 26 for letting the fastening part 16 provided in the unit support part pass in the supported part 15 is provided. At this time, the clearance CL between the bolt hole 26 and the fastening portion 16 can be set without depending on the outer dimensions of the floor panel 11 depending on the dimensional accuracy of the supported portion 15.

  Here, the clearance CL of the bolt hole 26 with respect to the fastening portion 16 can be set to 3 mm, for example, as described above. On the other hand, in the case of the existing building units 103 and 104, as shown in FIG. 7B, the clearance CL with respect to the fastening portion 16 of the bolt hole 126 is set to a large value such as 14 mm, for example. It was. The difference in the size of the clearance CL is due to the difference in dimensional accuracy between the building units 3 and 4 of this embodiment and the existing building units 103 and 104.

  (5) Specifically, although already described above, the unit support portion can be the foundation 2. In this case, the supported portion 15 becomes a base 15a installed in the unit main body 14 on the lower floor. Further, the fastening portion 16 becomes an anchor bolt 16 a that protrudes from the upper surface of the foundation 2.

  (6) Moreover, the unit support part can be the unit main body 14 (building unit 3) on the lower floor. In this case, the supported portion 15 is a head connection 15b installed in the unit main body 14 (building unit 4) on the upper floor. Moreover, the fastening part 16 becomes the volt | bolt 16b protrudingly provided from the upper part of the unit main body 14 (building unit 3) of the lower floor.

  (7) Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the building units 3 and 4 will be described.

The manufacturing method of the building units 3 and 4 manufactures the unit main body 14 combining the floor panel 11 and the wall panel 12 at least. Preferably, the building unit 3, 4 is manufactured by combining the floor panel 11, the wall panel 12, and the ceiling panel 13 to manufacture the housing unit main body 14.
At this time, a supported portion 15 for installation on the unit support portion is attached to the lower portion of the floor panel 11.
In this embodiment, as shown in order in FIGS.
The supported portion 15 is manufactured so as to be the unit size US while managing the outer dimensions with the pressing jig 41,
The floor panel 11 made smaller than the supported portion 15 in a side view is attached to the supported portion 15.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the supported portion 15 is first made with high accuracy according to the unit size US using a pressing jig 45, separately from the floor panel 11, or Each part of the support part 15 is prepared without being assembled. The pressing jig 45 can be, for example, a plurality of vertical bar members that are accurately arranged on the floor surface so that the accuracy of the supported portion 15 can be obtained. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the floor panel 11 is made smaller than the unit size US. And as shown in FIG.4 (d), the floor panel 11 supports the supported part 15 or the supported part 15 which was made with high precision according to unit size US on the floor panel 11 turned upside down. Install so as not to protrude from each part of the part 15.

  Then, the floor panel 11 to which the supported portion 15 is attached is turned upside down so that the supported portion 15 is turned down, and the wall panel 12 is attached on the floor panel 11 with reference to the position of the supported portion 15. . As described above, it is possible to manufacture the wooden building units 3 and 4 with high dimensional accuracy.

  On the other hand, in the case of the existing building units 103 and 104, although not shown in particular, there is no step of making the supported portion 115 separately from the floor panel 111 as shown in FIG. (B) After making the floor panel 111 to be the unit size US in the same manner as in (c), as shown in FIG. The supported portion 115 is built on the spot. For this reason, the floor panel 111 has a dimension error that is a dimensional tolerance with respect to the unit size US (accuracy is not so high), and the supported portion 115 has a random size. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the dimensional accuracy of the existing building units 103 and 104 to a certain extent.

  <Effect> According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (Operation Effect 1) The floor panel 11 is made smaller than the supported portion 15 in a side view. At this time, by making the supported portion 15 with high accuracy, the unit main body 14 can be configured based on the supported portion 15. And by using the supported part 15 as a reference, since the supported part 15 has a simple structure, the dimensional accuracy of the building units 3 and 4 can be improved as compared with the case where the floor panel 11 is used as a reference.

  And by improving the dimensional accuracy of the building units 3 and 4, it is possible to perform an operation requiring high accuracy at the factory, which could only be done on site. Accordingly, the degree of completion of the building units 3 and 4 at the factory stage can be further increased, and the work on the construction site can be reduced correspondingly. As a result, it is possible to shorten the construction period and cost of the unit building 1.

  (Operation Effect 2) The supported portion 15 is a linear component, and since the number of members to be used is small and the structure is simple, the accuracy in making the unit size US is easily obtained. On the other hand, the floor panel 11 is a planar structure, and has a larger number of members to be used and a more three-dimensional and complicated structure. Therefore, the accuracy in making the unit size US is higher than that of the supported portion 15. It is difficult to put out. Therefore, it is possible to improve the dimensional accuracy of the building units 3 and 4 by making the supported portion 15 in the unit size US and using it as a reference when manufacturing the building units 3 and 4.

  At this time, if the floor panel 11 protrudes from the supported portion 15, it becomes difficult to manufacture the building units 3 and 4 based on the supported portion 15. Therefore, the floor panel 11 is made smaller than the unit size US by a dimensional tolerance or smaller than the dimensional tolerance. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the floor panel 11 from protruding from the supported portion 15. Therefore, when the floor panel 11 protrudes from the supported portion 15, it is possible to prevent a problem that the building units 3 and 4 cannot be manufactured based on the supported portion 15.

  (Operation Effect 3) The wall panel 12 is attached to the floor panel 11 in a state where the wall panel 12 is aligned with the supported portion 15. Thereby, the wall panel 12 can be installed on the basis of the supported portion 15. Accordingly, the positional accuracy of the wall panel 12 can be improved, and the dimensional accuracy of the building units 3 and 4 can be improved.

  (Effect 4) The clearance CL between the bolt hole 26 and the fastening portion 16 is equal to or less than the dimensional difference S of the floor panel 11 with respect to the supported portion 15. Thereby, the building units 3 and 4 can be more accurately installed with respect to an external unit support part. Therefore, the adjustment work at the time of installing the building units 3 and 4 can be performed easily and in a short time. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced accordingly. As described above, it is possible to reduce the clearance CL by improving the dimensional accuracy of the building units 3 and 4.

  (Effect 5) By using the unit support portion as the base 2 and the supported portion 15 as the base 15a installed on the lower-level unit main body 14, the installation accuracy of the lower-level unit main body 14 with respect to the base 2 is improved. be able to.

  (Effect 6) By making the unit support part the lower unit body (building unit 3) and the supported part 15 the head connection 15b installed in the upper unit body 14 (building unit 4), The installation accuracy with respect to the unit main body 14 on the lower floor can be improved.

  (Effect 7) According to the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned building units 3 and 4, the same effect as the above can be obtained.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention has been explained in full detail with drawing, embodiment is only an illustration of this invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited only to the configuration of the embodiment, and it goes without saying that design changes and the like within a scope not departing from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. Further, for example, when each embodiment includes a plurality of configurations, it is a matter of course that possible combinations of these configurations are included even if not specifically described. In addition, in the case where a plurality of examples and modifications are disclosed in the embodiment as those of the present invention, possible combinations of combinations extending over these are included even if not specifically described. Of course. Further, the configuration depicted in the drawings is of course included even if not particularly described. Further, when there is a term of “etc.”, it is used in the sense that the equivalent is included. In addition, when there are terms such as “almost”, “about”, “degree”, etc., they are used in the sense that they include those in the range and accuracy recognized by common sense.

1 unit building 2 foundation (unit support)
3 Lower floor building unit (unit support)
4 Building unit on the upper floor (unit support)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Floor panel 12 Wall panel 13 Ceiling panel 14 Unit main body 15 Supported part 15a Base 15b Head connection 16 Fastening part 16a Anchor bolt 16b Bolt 26 Bolt hole 31 Step 45 Pressing jig CL clearance US Unit size S Dimensional difference

Claims (4)

It has a unit body that consists of a floor panel and a wall panel,
In a building unit in which a supported part for installation with respect to an external unit support part is attached to the lower part of the floor panel,
The floor panel is made smaller than the supported portion in side view,
The supported part has a size according to the unit size,
The floor panel is smaller than the unit size by a dimensional tolerance or smaller than a dimensional tolerance so that the floor panel does not protrude from the supported portion.
The building unit is characterized in that the supported portion is a base installed in a unit main body on a lower floor or a head joint installed on a unit main body on an upper floor. The building unit according to claim 1,
The building unit is characterized in that the supported portion has a U-shape or a D-shape in plan view. The building unit according to claim 1 or 2,
The building unit, wherein the wall panel is attached to the floor panel in a state in which the wall panel is aligned with the supported portion. A unit body is manufactured by combining a floor panel and a wall panel,
In the manufacturing method of a building unit for attaching a supported part to be installed on an external unit support part at the lower part of the floor panel,
The supported part is manufactured to a unit size while managing the outer dimensions with a pressing jig,
A method of manufacturing a building unit, characterized in that the floor panel made smaller than the supported part is attached to the supported part in a side view.