JP2018140449A - Rotary tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary tool satisfactory in ejecting chips.SOLUTION: A rotary tool according to one embodiment comprises: a cylindrical body having a rotary shaft and extending from a first end to a second end; a first blade located on a first-end side; a second blade located from the first-end side to the second-end side on an outer periphery of the body; a first groove located along the first blade; and a second groove located along the second blade and also located following the first groove. In the first groove, an outline extending from a rotary-shaft side in a cross-section along the rotary shaft is in the form of a projecting curve. The outline has in a position apart from the rotary shaft a portion smaller in terms of curvature radius than in a position closer to the rotary shaft.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  This aspect relates to a rotary tool.

  2. Description of the Related Art As described in Patent Document 1, a rotary tool (end mill) having a gash at the tip is known as a rotary tool used for cutting a work material. When the gash is constituted by a plurality of planes, there is a possibility that chips are clogged at the ridgeline where these planes intersect. On the other hand, in the end mill described in Patent Document 1, since the gasche has a convex curved surface shape, chips easily flow in the outer peripheral direction.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-217024

  In the rotary tool described in Patent Document 1, the gouache is a simple convex curved surface. Therefore, if the radius of curvature of the convex curved surface is reduced in order to further improve the chip discharging property, the core thickness on the tip side becomes small, and the durability on the tip side of the rotary tool where stress tends to concentrate may be reduced. . Further, if the curvature radius of the convex curved surface is increased in order to alleviate the stress concentration on the tip side of the rotary tool, there is a possibility that a sufficient space for the gash is not secured and the flow of chips is delayed.

  Therefore, there has been a demand for a rotary tool that has both excellent durability and chip dischargeability.

  A rotary tool according to one aspect has a rotating shaft and has a cylindrical main body extending from a first end to a second end, a first blade positioned on the first end side, and an outer periphery of the main body. A second blade positioned from the end side toward the second end side, a first groove positioned along the first blade, a position positioned along the second blade and a position following the first groove And a second groove. In the cross section along the rotation axis, the first groove has a convex curve shape extending from the rotation axis side, and the contour is located at a position away from the rotation axis and closer to the rotation axis. It has a portion with a small radius of curvature.

  The rotary tool of the said aspect has high durability and favorable chip discharge property.

It is a side view which shows the rotary tool of one Embodiment. It is an enlarged view by the side of the 1st end in the rotary tool shown in FIG. It is a front view in the 1st end of the rotary tool shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of A1-A1 cross section in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of A2-A2 cross section in FIG. It is a perspective view of the rotary tool shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view by the side of the 1st end in the rotary tool shown in FIG. It is a perspective view from another angle of the rotary tool shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view by the side of the 1st end in the rotary tool shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed 1 process in the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece of one Embodiment. It is the figure which showed 1 process in the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece of one Embodiment. It is the figure which showed 1 process in the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece of one Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the rotary tool 1 of one embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, each drawing referred to below shows only the main members in a simplified manner for the convenience of explanation. Accordingly, the rotary tool may include any component not shown in the drawings to which this specification refers. Moreover, the dimension of the member in each figure does not represent the dimension of an actual structural member, and the dimension ratio of each member faithfully.

  In this embodiment, a luffing end mill is shown as an example of the rotary tool 1. The rotary tool 1 is not limited to the luffing end mill shown in the present embodiment, and may be a milling tool, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary tool 1 has a rotation axis X, a cylindrical main body 3 extending from a first end 3a to a second end 3b, and a first blade 5 located on the first end 3a side. And the second blade 7 positioned from the first end 3 a side toward the second end 3 b side on the outer periphery of the main body 3, the first groove 9 positioned along the first blade 5, and the second blade 7. And a second groove 11 connected to the first groove 9. In addition, the arrow Y in FIG. 1 etc. has shown the rotation direction of the main body 3 centering on the rotating shaft X. FIG.

  The cylindrical main body 3 rotates in the direction of the arrow Y about the rotation axis X during the cutting of the work material for manufacturing the cut product. In addition, the main body 3 does not need to be a cylindrical shape in a strict sense. Further, the outer diameter of the main body 3 does not have to be constant from the first end 3a to the second end 3b. For example, the outer diameter of the main body 3 increases from the first end 3a to the second end 3b. Also good.

  In FIG. 1, the left end of the main body 3 is a first end 3a, and the right end is a second end 3b. Hereinafter, the first end 3a will be described as the front end 3a, and the second end 3b will be described as the rear end 3b in accordance with the usage status of the rotary tool 1 during cutting.

  For example, the main body 3 of the present embodiment is set to have an outer diameter of 4 mm to 25 mm. The main body 3 of the present embodiment is, for example, L in the direction along the rotation axis X, and the outer diameter is set to L. When D, L is set to 4D to 15D.

  The main body 3 in the present embodiment has a cutting part 13 and a shank part 15. The shank part 15 is a part gripped by a rotating spindle of a machine tool (not shown), and is a part designed according to the shape of the spindle in the machine tool. Examples of the shape of the shank portion 15 include straight shanks, long shanks, long necks, and tapered shanks.

  The cutting part 13 is located on the tip 3 a side with respect to the shank part 15. The cutting part 13 includes a part that comes into contact with the work material, and this part plays a main role in the cutting of the work material.

  The first blade 5 is located on the front end 3a side of the cutting portion 13, and the second blade 7 is located on the outer periphery of the cutting portion 13 from the front end 3a side to the rear end 3b side. The first blade 5 is a portion generally referred to as a tip blade or a bottom blade, and the second blade 7 is a portion generally referred to as an outer peripheral blade.

  The 1st blade 5 located in the front-end | tip 3a side of the cutting part 13 is extended toward the rotating shaft X from the outer periphery of the cutting part 13, when it sees from the front-end | tip 3a side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the first blade 5 is visible when the rotary tool 1 is viewed from the tip 3a side. The number of the first blades 5 may be one or plural. The number of the first blades 5 in the present embodiment is four.

  The second blade 7 may have a linear shape or a helical shape. In the case of the spiral shape, the twist angle θ of the second blade 7 is not limited to a specific value, but is set to about 3 to 45 °, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the twist angle θ can be evaluated by an angle formed by the second blade 7 and the rotation axis X when the main body 3 is viewed from the side. Further, the twist angle θ may be constant from the front end 3a side to the rear end 3b side, or may change in the middle. The number of second blades 7 is not particularly limited, but is usually the same as the number of first blades 5. In the present embodiment, since the number of the first blades 5 is four, the number of the second blades 7 is also four.

  The first groove 9 in the present embodiment is provided for discharging chips generated by the first blade 5 to the outside. In the present embodiment, since the number of the first blades 5 is four, the number of the first grooves 9 is also four.

  In the first groove 9 in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, in a cross section along the rotation axis X, a contour 17 extending from the rotation axis X side has a convex curve shape. Since the contour 17 is not composed of a plurality of linear portions, there are no vertices generated by the intersection of the linear portions. Therefore, the flow of chips becomes smooth.

  Furthermore, the contour 17 in the present embodiment has a portion with a smaller radius of curvature at a position away from the rotation axis X than at a position near the rotation axis X. Specifically, the contour 17 in the present embodiment includes a first region 17a positioned relatively near the rotation axis X, and a second region 17b positioned farther from the rotation axis X than the first region 17a. have. Each of the first region 17a and the second region 17b has a convex curve shape. In the rotary tool 1 of the present embodiment, the curvature radius r2 of the second region 17b is smaller than the curvature radius r1 of the first region 17a.

  The first region 17a may include an end E on the rotational axis X side in the contour 17 and may be separated from the end E on the rotational axis X side in the contour 17, but this embodiment. Includes an end E on the rotation axis X side in the contour 17.

  In the present embodiment, since the contour 17 has the second region 17b having a relatively small radius of curvature r2 at a position away from the rotation axis X, a space for discharging chips is ensured and good chip discharge is achieved. Have sex. On the other hand, since the contour 17 has the first region 17a having a relatively large curvature radius r1 at a position close to the rotation axis X, durability is improved by improving the rigidity on the tip 3a side where the cutting load tends to concentrate. Sexuality is enhanced. As a result, the rotary tool 1 of the present embodiment is a tool having high durability and good chip dischargeability.

  The 2nd groove | channel 11 located along the 2nd blade 7 is provided in order to discharge the chip | tip produced | generated by the 2nd blade 7 outside. For this reason, the second groove 11 is positioned along the second blade 7 in front of the rotation direction Y with respect to the second blade 7. Further, the second groove 11 is located following the first groove 9, and the chips generated by the first blade 5 and flowing through the first groove 9 are discharged to the second groove 11.

In the present embodiment, since the number of the second blades 7 is four, the number of the second grooves 11 is also four. The shape of the second groove 11 in the cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis X is, for example, a concave curve shape,
It may be rectangular or V-shaped.

  The rotary tool 1 in the present embodiment includes four first blades 5. One of the first blades 5 is a first blade portion 19, and the first blade 5 adjacent to the first blade portion 19 in front of the rotation direction Y is the second blade portion 21, and the second blade portion 21. In contrast, the first blade 5 adjacent in front of the rotation direction Y is defined as a third blade portion 23.

  Of the four first grooves 11, the first groove 11 positioned along the first blade 19 is the first groove 25, and the first groove 11 positioned along the second blade 21 is the second groove 27. To do. The 1st groove part 25 and the 2nd groove part 27 are each located ahead of the rotation direction Y of the 1st blade part 19 and the 2nd blade part 21 in the front view.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the contour 17 of the first groove 25 in the cross section along the rotation axis X is a first region 17a having a radius of curvature larger than that of the second region 17b at a position close to the rotation axis X. As shown in FIG. 5, the contour 17 of the second groove 27 in the cross section along the rotation axis X has a radius of curvature more than that of the second region 17b at a position close to the rotation axis X. You may have the 2nd site | part 31 as the big 1st area | region 17a.

  Here, in the front view of the tip 3a, the groove division angle φ1 of the first groove portion 25 is larger than the groove division angle φ2 of the second groove portion 27, and the radius of curvature of the first portion 29 in the cross section along the rotation axis X is In the case where the radius of curvature of the second portion 31 is larger than the radius of curvature, the durability and chip dischargeability of the rotary tool 1 can be further enhanced.

  In the first groove portion 25 having a relatively large groove dividing angle φ1, the radius of curvature of the first portion 29 in the first groove portion 25 is large, so that the rigidity on the distal end 3a side is improved and the durability is enhanced. Moreover, in the 2nd groove part 27 with relatively small groove | channel division | segmentation angle | corner (phi) 2, since the curvature radius of the 2nd site | part 31 is small and the space where chips are discharged | emitted is ensured, favorable chip discharge property is obtained.

  In addition, when the length L2 of the second portion 31 is longer than the length L1 of the first portion 29, the chips can be stably controlled in the second portion 31, so that good chip discharging properties can be obtained. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the contour 17 of the first groove 25 in the cross section along the rotation axis X is a second region 17b having a smaller radius of curvature than the first region 17a at a position away from the rotation axis X. As shown in FIG. 5, the contour 17 of the second groove 27 in the cross section along the rotation axis X has a third portion 33, and the curvature is greater than that of the first region 17 a at a position away from the rotation axis X. You may have the 4th site | part 35 as the 2nd area | region 17b with a small radius.

  Here, even when the curvature radius of the third portion 33 in the cross section along the rotation axis X is larger than the curvature radius of the fourth portion 35, the durability and the chip dischargeability of the rotary tool 1 can be further improved. it can. Since the radius of curvature of the third portion 33 in the first groove portion 25 is large, the durability is enhanced by improving the rigidity of the rotary tool 1. Moreover, since the curvature radius of the 4th site | part 35 is small and the space where chips are discharged | emitted is ensured, favorable chip discharge property is obtained.

  In addition, when the length L4 of the fourth portion 35 is longer than the length L3 of the third portion 33, the chips can be stably controlled in the fourth portion 35, so that good chip dischargeability is obtained. .

The outline 17 of the first groove 9 in the cross section along the rotation axis X has a first region 17a relatively located near the rotation axis X and a second region 17b relatively located far from the rotation axis X. However, it may have only these regions or may have other regions.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the contour 17 may have a third region 17c that is further away from the rotation axis X than the second region 17b and has a smaller radius of curvature than the second region 17b. Assuming that the second region 17b is the first part and the third region 17c is the second part, the contour 17 is the first having a smaller radius of curvature at a position away from the rotation axis X than at a position near the rotation axis X. In other words, it has a second part that is farther from the rotation axis X than the first part and has a smaller radius of curvature than the first part. When the contour 17 has the second region 17b (first part) and the third region 17c (second part), the chip dischargeability is further improved while ensuring high durability. it can.

  Further, in addition to the first region 17a, the second region 17b, and the third region 17c, the contour 17 is further away from the rotation axis X than the third region 17c and is a fourth region having a smaller radius of curvature than the third region 17c. (Not shown) may be included. When the outline 17 has such a fourth region, it is possible to further improve the chip discharge property while ensuring high durability.

  Moreover, although all said 1st area | region 17a, 2nd area | region 17b, and 3rd area | region 17c are convex curve shape, the outline 17 may have a linear area | region partially. Specifically, for example, a linear region that connects these regions may be partially provided between the first region 17a and the second region 17b.

  The first groove portion 25 in the present embodiment is located between the first blade portion 19 and the second blade portion 21 and along the first blade portion 19. At this time, the first groove portion 25 is You may have the 3rd groove | channel 41 extended in the direction parallel to the 1st blade part 19. As shown in FIG. When the 1st groove part 25 has said 3rd groove | channel 41, since this 3rd groove | channel 41 functions as a guide which guide | induces chips, the flow of chips can be stabilized.

  The number of the third grooves 41 is not particularly limited, but when the first groove portion 25 has a plurality of third grooves 41, the chip guiding function by the third grooves 41 is enhanced. The flow of chips can be further stabilized.

  Moreover, when the 3rd groove | channel 41 is connected with the 2nd groove | channel 11 in the outer peripheral side of a main body, since the chip | tip which flows through the 1st groove part 25 can be discharged | emitted stably to the 2nd groove | channel 11, a chip | tip discharge | emission Sexuality is enhanced.

  The first groove 9 may be smoothly connected to the second groove 11. Here, the smooth connection means that there is a step in the connection portion between the first groove 9 and the second groove 11 when the connection portion between the first groove 9 and the second groove 11 is bent. Even in this case, it means that the degree of the bending or the step is about the surface roughness of the first groove 9 and the second groove 11. When the 1st groove | channel 9 and the 2nd groove | channel 11 are connected smoothly, the flow of the chip in the connection part of the 1st groove | channel 9 and the 2nd groove | channel 11 becomes smooth.

  Examples of the material of the main body 3 include cemented carbide or cermet. Examples of the composition of the cemented carbide include WC—Co, WC—TiC—Co, and WC—TiC—TaC—Co. Here, WC, TiC, and TaC are hard particles, and Co is a binder phase. A cermet is a sintered composite material in which a metal is combined with a ceramic component. Specifically, the cermet includes a titanium compound mainly composed of titanium carbide (TiC) or titanium nitride (TiN).

The surface of the main body 3 may be coated with a film using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. Examples of the composition of the coating include titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ).

  In the present embodiment, the contour 17 of the first groove 9 in the cross section along the rotation axis X is shown in order to facilitate visual understanding. It is not always necessary to cut the rotary tool 1. For example, by measuring the surface shape of the first groove 9 using a contact type surface roughness measuring machine using a stylus or a non-contact type surface roughness measuring machine using a laser, the rotary tool 1 is It is possible to evaluate the shape of the contour 17 without cutting.

<Manufacturing method of cut product>
Next, the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece of one embodiment will be described in detail by taking the case of using the rotary tool 1 of the above embodiment as an example. Hereinafter, a description will be given with reference to FIGS.

(1) a step of rotating the rotary tool 1 represented by the above-described embodiment around the rotation axis X;
(2) contacting at least one of the first blade and the second blade of the rotating rotary tool 1 with the work material 43;
(3) a step of separating the rotary tool 1 from the work material 43;
It has.

  More specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 10, the rotary tool 1 is rotated around the rotation axis X and moved in the Z direction orthogonal to the rotation axis X, whereby the rotary tool 1 is moved to the work material 43. Move relatively close to. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the work material 43 is cut by bringing at least one of the first blade and the second blade of the rotary tool 1 into contact with the work material 43. In FIG. 11, the second blade is in contact with the work material 43. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the rotary tool 1 is moved further in the Z direction to move the rotary tool 1 relatively away from the work material 43.

  In the present embodiment, the rotary tool 1 is brought close to the work material 43 in a state where the work material 43 is fixed and the rotary tool 1 is rotated around the rotation axis X. In FIG. 11, the work material 43 is cut by bringing the second blade of the rotating rotary tool 1 into contact with the work material 43. In FIG. 12, the rotary tool 1 is rotated away from the work material 43.

  In the cutting in the manufacturing method of this embodiment, the rotary tool 1 is brought into contact with the work material 43 by moving the rotary tool 1 in each step, or the rotary tool 1 is separated from the work material 43. ing. Of course, it is not limited to such a form.

  For example, the work material 43 may be brought close to the rotary tool 1 in the step (1). Similarly, in the step (3), the work material 43 may be moved away from the rotary tool 1. In the case of continuing the cutting process, the state in which the rotary tool 1 is rotated may be maintained, and the process of bringing the first blade and the second blade into contact with different parts of the work material 43 may be repeated.

  In addition, in FIG. 11, although the rotary tool 1 was moving along the Z direction, it is not limited to this aspect. For example, the cutting may be performed while the rotary tool 1 moves in the direction along the rotation axis X.

  Typical examples of the material of the work material 43 include aluminum, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metal.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotary tool 3 ... Main body 3a .. 1st end (tip)
3b ··· Second end (rear end)
5 ... 1st blade 7 ... 2nd blade 9 ... 1st groove | channel 11 ... 2nd groove | channel 13 ... Cutting part 15 ... Shank part 17 ... Contour 17a ... 1st Area 17b ··· Second area 17c ··· Third area 19 ... 1st blade part 21 ... 2nd blade part 23 ... 3rd blade part 25 ... 1st groove part 27 ... 2nd Groove 29 ... 1st part 31 ... 2nd part 33 ... 3rd part 35 ... 4th part 41 ... 3rd groove 43 ... Work material X ... Rotating shaft Y ... Rotational direction Z ... Cutting direction

Claims (9)

A cylindrical body having a rotation axis and extending from the first end to the second end;
A first blade located on the first end side;
A second blade positioned from the first end side toward the second end side on the outer periphery of the main body;
A first groove located along the first blade;
A second groove located along the second blade and located following the first groove;
The first groove is in a cross section along the rotation axis,
The contour extending from the rotating shaft side is a convex curve shape,
The contour has a part having a smaller radius of curvature at a position away from the rotation axis than at a position near the rotation axis. The first blade includes a first blade portion, a second blade portion adjacent to the first blade portion in front of the rotation direction, and a third blade adjacent to the second blade portion in front of the rotation direction. A blade portion,
The first groove includes a first groove portion positioned along the first blade portion and a second groove portion positioned along the second blade portion,
In the front view of the first end, the groove dividing angle of the first groove portion is larger than the groove dividing angle of the second groove portion,
In a cross section along the rotation axis,
The contour in the first groove portion has a first portion having a larger radius of curvature at a position close to the rotation axis than at a position away from the rotation axis,
The contour in the second groove portion has a second portion having a larger radius of curvature at a position close to the rotation axis than at a position away from the rotation axis,
The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein a radius of curvature of the first part is larger than a radius of curvature of the second part. The first blade includes a first blade portion, a second blade portion adjacent to the first blade portion in front of the rotation direction, and a third blade adjacent to the second blade portion in front of the rotation direction. A blade portion,
The first groove includes a first groove portion positioned along the first blade portion and a second groove portion positioned along the second blade portion,
In the front view of the first end, the groove dividing angle of the first groove portion is larger than the groove dividing angle of the second groove portion,
In a cross section along the rotation axis,
The contour in the first groove portion has a third portion having a smaller radius of curvature than a position close to the rotation axis at a position away from the rotation axis.
The contour in the second groove has a fourth portion having a smaller radius of curvature than the position close to the rotation axis at a position away from the rotation axis.
The rotary tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a curvature radius of the third portion is larger than a curvature radius of the fourth portion. The first blade includes a first blade portion, a second blade portion adjacent to the first blade portion in front of the rotation direction, and a third blade adjacent to the second blade portion in front of the rotation direction. A blade portion,
The first groove includes a first groove portion positioned along the first blade portion and a second groove portion positioned along the second blade portion,
In the front view of the first end, the groove dividing angle of the first groove portion is larger than the groove dividing angle of the second groove portion,
In a cross section along the rotation axis,
The contour in the first groove portion has a first portion having a larger radius of curvature at a position close to the rotation axis than at a position away from the rotation axis,
The contour in the second groove portion has a second portion having a larger radius of curvature at a position close to the rotation axis than at a position away from the rotation axis,
The rotary tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a length of the second part is longer than a length of the first part. The first blade includes a first blade portion, a second blade portion adjacent to the first blade portion in front of the rotation direction, and a third blade adjacent to the second blade portion in front of the rotation direction. A blade portion,
The first groove includes a first groove portion positioned along the first blade portion and a second groove portion positioned along the second blade portion,
In the front view of the first end, the groove dividing angle of the first groove portion is larger than the groove dividing angle of the second groove portion,
In a cross section along the rotation axis,
The contour in the first groove portion has a third portion having a smaller radius of curvature than a position close to the rotation axis at a position away from the rotation axis.
The contour in the second groove has a fourth portion having a smaller radius of curvature than the position close to the rotation axis at a position away from the rotation axis.
The rotary tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a length of the fourth part is longer than a length of the third part.   The contour has a first part having a smaller radius of curvature than a position close to the rotational axis at a position away from the rotational axis, and a radius of curvature that is farther from the rotational axis than the first part and is larger than the first part. The rotary tool according to claim 1, further comprising: a second portion having a small length. The first blade has a first blade portion and a second blade portion adjacent to the first blade portion in the forward direction of rotation,
In the front view of the first end, the first groove located between the first blade part and the second blade part has a third groove extending in a direction parallel to the first blade part. The rotary tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The rotary tool according to claim 7, wherein the first groove has a plurality of the third grooves.   The rotary tool according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the third groove is connected to the second groove on an outer peripheral side of the main body.

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