JP2018135643A - Woody fire-resistant member - Google Patents

Woody fire-resistant member Download PDF

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JP2018135643A
JP2018135643A JP2017029075A JP2017029075A JP2018135643A JP 2018135643 A JP2018135643 A JP 2018135643A JP 2017029075 A JP2017029075 A JP 2017029075A JP 2017029075 A JP2017029075 A JP 2017029075A JP 2018135643 A JP2018135643 A JP 2018135643A
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layer
fireproof
wood
fireproof coating
coating layer
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JP6824063B2 (en
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真太郎 道越
Shintaro Michikoshi
真太郎 道越
慎司 中濱
Shinji Nakahama
慎司 中濱
由華 池畠
Yuka Ikehata
由華 池畠
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Taisei Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a woody fire-resistant member which is arranged on a main structural part which bears an external load, is provided with a texture of wood on an outer cover part, and suppresses permeation of moisture into the wood.SOLUTION: A woody fire-resistant member 1 comprises a load supporting part 2, a fire-resistant covering layer 3 coated around the load supporting part 2, and a finishing wood layer 4 provided on the outside of the fire-resistant covering layer 3. The fire-resistant covering layer 3 is made of a wet fire-resistant covering material, and a moisture barrier layer 5 is formed between the load supporting part 2 and the fire-resistant covering layer 3 and between the fire-resistant covering layer 3 and the finishing wood layer 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、荷重支持部の外側に、耐火被覆層と、仕上げ木材層とを備えた木質耐火部材に関する。   The present invention relates to a wooden fireproof member provided with a fireproof coating layer and a finished wood layer on the outside of a load support portion.

平成22年に「公共建築物等における木材の利用の促進に関する法律」が施行されたことに伴い、建築物への木材利用の機運が高まっている。一方、可燃物である木材を柱材や梁材等の構造部材に使用する場合には、火災時等の安全性を確保するために耐火性を備えているのが望ましい。
木質構造部材の耐火性を確保することを目的として、荷重支持部に対して耐火被覆する耐火構造が多数開発されている。なお、耐火構造には、火災終了時においても荷重支持部が炭化しないことが求められている。
例えば、特許文献1には、木材で構成された荷重支持層と、荷重支持部の外側に配置された不燃材からなる耐火被覆層と、その耐火被覆層の外側に木材からなる燃え代層が配置された燃え止まり機能を備えた木質集成柱、または木質集成梁が開示されている。耐火被覆層は、例えばモルタル板、石膏ボード、或いは、難燃薬剤を含浸させた不燃材であって、かつ断熱性能を備えた板材で構成されている。
また、特許文献2には、断熱性能と耐火性能を備えた木造外壁構造が開示されている。枠組壁工法による木造建物に用いられる外張り断熱耐火構造は、構造用面材の外側に、断熱材、防水紙、アルミニウム箔層、及びラスモルタル層が順に配置されている。
上記の特許文献1、2では、不燃材同士や断熱材同士の目地部分に隙間があると、その隙間が熱の通り道となる。そのため、耐火被覆層を形成する際は、高精度に加工された板材を貼り付けるか、または板材同士の目地部分の隙間を確実に塞ぐ必要があり、手間と費用がかかる。
また、特許文献3には、合成耐火梁を対象とした耐火被覆構造であり、鉄骨梁の表面に巻付け方式、または吹付け方式により耐火被覆材を被覆する方法が開示されている。具体的には、鉄骨梁を湿式耐火材で覆う耐火被覆構造であって、湿式耐火材に含まれる水分が鉄骨梁側に浸透していっても、鉄骨梁の構造特性が変化することはなく、低コストにて鉄骨梁の耐火被覆構造を実現できる。
しかしながら、木造柱を吹き付け方式による湿式耐火材で覆う場合、板材同士の目地部分については隙間なく覆うことは可能である反面、木材側に湿式耐火材に含まれる水分が浸透していくと、木材腐朽の原因になるとともに、構造性能が低下するという、課題があった。
As the “Law Concerning the Promotion of the Use of Wood in Public Buildings” came into effect in 2010, the momentum for the use of wood in buildings has increased. On the other hand, when using wood as a combustible material as a structural member such as a pillar material or a beam material, it is desirable to have fire resistance in order to ensure safety in the event of a fire.
In order to ensure the fire resistance of the wooden structural member, a number of fire resistant structures have been developed that cover the load supporting portion with fire resistance. The fireproof structure is required not to carbonize the load support portion even at the end of the fire.
For example, Patent Document 1 includes a load support layer made of wood, a fireproof coating layer made of a non-combustible material disposed outside the load support portion, and a burning allowance layer made of wood outside the fireproof coating layer. Disclosed is a wooden gluing column or a wooden gluing beam with an arranged flame stop function. The fireproof coating layer is made of, for example, a mortar board, a gypsum board, or a nonflammable material impregnated with a flame retardant and a plate material having a heat insulating performance.
Patent Document 2 discloses a wooden outer wall structure having heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance. In an external heat insulating and fireproof structure used for a wooden building by a framed wall construction method, a heat insulating material, a waterproof paper, an aluminum foil layer, and a lath mortar layer are arranged in this order on the outside of the structural face material.
In the above Patent Documents 1 and 2, if there is a gap in the joint portion between the non-combustible materials or between the heat insulating materials, the gap becomes a path for heat. For this reason, when forming the fireproof coating layer, it is necessary to attach a plate material processed with high precision, or to reliably close the gap between the joint portions of the plate materials, which is troublesome and expensive.
Patent Document 3 discloses a fireproof covering structure for synthetic fireproof beams, and discloses a method of covering a surface of a steel beam with a fireproof covering material by a winding method or a spraying method. Specifically, it is a fireproof covering structure that covers a steel beam with a wet refractory material, and even if moisture contained in the wet refractory material penetrates into the steel beam side, the structural characteristics of the steel beam will not change It is possible to realize a fire-resistant covering structure for steel beams at low cost.
However, when the wooden pillar is covered with a wet refractory material by spraying, it is possible to cover the joints between the plates without gaps, but when the moisture contained in the wet refractory material penetrates into the wood side, There was a problem that it became a cause of decay and structural performance deteriorated.

特開2005−36457号公報JP 2005-36457 A 特開2013−113033号公報JP 2013-113033 A 特開2006−328821号公報JP 2006-328821 A

本発明は、鉛直荷重や地震荷重を負担する主要構造部分に配置される木質耐火部材であって、木材の持つ質感を外被部に備え、かつ施工性が良く、なおかつ主要構造部分が隙間なく耐火被覆材で覆われた木質耐火部材を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention is a wood refractory member arranged in a main structural part that bears a vertical load or seismic load, has a wood texture in the outer cover part, has good workability, and the main structural part has no gaps It is an object to provide a wooden fireproof member covered with a fireproof coating material.

本発明者らは、荷重支持部の外側に水分遮断塗膜層または水分遮断シートで挟まれた湿式耐火被覆材を設けることで、木材からなる荷重支持部や仕上げ木材層側への水分の浸透を抑制できる点に着眼して、本発明の第1の木質耐火部材に至った。また、本発明の第2の木質耐火部材は、荷重支持部の外側に巻き付け方式によって乾式耐火被覆材を設けることで、板材同士の目地部分であっても隙間なく荷重支持部を耐火被覆材で覆うことができる点に着眼して、本発明の第2の木質耐火部材に至った。
前記課題を解決するために、本発明は、荷重支持部と、前記荷重支持部の周囲に被覆された耐火被覆層と、前記耐火被覆層の外側に周設された仕上げ木材層とを備える木質耐火部材である。本発明の第1の木質耐火部材は、前記耐火被覆層が湿式耐火被覆材からなり、前記荷重支持部と前記耐火被覆層との間、および、前記耐火被覆層と前記仕上げ木材層との間に、水分遮断塗膜または水分遮断シートからなる水分遮断層が形成されていることを特徴とする。
かかる木質耐火部材によれば、耐火被覆層が水分遮断層により挟まれているため、耐火被覆層の水分が荷重支持部や仕上げ木材層へ浸透することが防止されている。そのため、水分による強度低下や変色等が生じることがなく、構造性能および耐火性能を確保することができる。
By providing a wet fireproof coating material sandwiched between a moisture barrier coating layer or a moisture barrier sheet outside the load support portion, the present inventors have penetrated moisture into the load support portion and the finished wood layer side made of wood. The first woody refractory member according to the present invention has been achieved with a focus on the point that it can be suppressed. Further, the second wood fireproof member of the present invention is provided with a dry fireproof coating material by a winding method on the outside of the load support portion, so that the load support portion can be made of a fireproof coating material without a gap even if it is a joint portion between plate members. Focusing on the points that can be covered, the second woody fireproof member of the present invention has been reached.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a woody material comprising a load support portion, a fireproof coating layer coated around the load support portion, and a finished wood layer provided around the fireproof coating layer. It is a refractory member. In the first wood fire-resistant member of the present invention, the fire-resistant covering layer is made of a wet fire-resistant covering material, and is between the load supporting portion and the fire-resistant covering layer, and between the fire-resistant covering layer and the finished wood layer. In addition, a moisture barrier layer comprising a moisture barrier coating film or moisture barrier sheet is formed.
According to such a wood fireproof member, since the fireproof coating layer is sandwiched between the moisture blocking layers, the moisture of the fireproof coating layer is prevented from penetrating into the load supporting portion and the finished wood layer. Therefore, the structural performance and fire resistance can be ensured without causing a decrease in strength or discoloration due to moisture.

また、本発明の第二の木質耐火部材では、前記耐火被覆層が巻き付け方式による乾式耐火被覆材からなり、前記耐火被覆層および前記仕上げ木材層が、工場において前記荷重支持部の外側に形成されていることを特徴とする。このようにすれば、耐火被覆層を容易に形成することができ、かつ、本発明の木質耐火部材を用いた建物部位ごとに要求される多様な耐火性能(1時間耐火や2時間耐火等)を容易に確保することができる。また、木質耐火部材は、施工性が良く、板材同士の目地部分であっても隙間なく耐火被覆材で覆うことができ、かつ荷重支持部の外面側に、耐火被覆層と仕上げ木材層を高い品質管理の元で一体化できる。また、木質耐火部材を、短時間で大量生産できる。
また、木質耐火部材では、前記仕上げ木材層の材端部には、前記荷重支持部と前記仕上げ木材層との間に設けられた前記耐火被覆層が連続して形成され、当該耐火被覆層が露出するように形成するのが望ましい。
このようにすれば、荷重支持部の材端部に耐火被覆層が形成されているため、木質耐火部材と接する建物部位を介して、仕上げ木材層に延焼することを防止できる。また、仕上げ木材層に比べて圧縮剛性が低い耐火被覆層が仕上げ木材層の材端部に設けられていることで、地震時に木質耐火部材に大変形が生じた場合であっても、耐火被覆層の露出部分で変位が吸収されるために、木質耐火部材と建物部位との当接部における破損を防止することができる。
Further, in the second wood fireproof member of the present invention, the fireproof coating layer is made of a dry fireproof coating material by a winding method, and the fireproof coating layer and the finished wood layer are formed outside the load support portion in a factory. It is characterized by. If it does in this way, a fireproof coating layer can be formed easily and various fireproof performances required for every building part using the woody fireproof member of the present invention (1 hour fire resistance, 2 hour fire resistance, etc.) Can be easily secured. In addition, the wood fire-resistant member has good workability, can be covered with a fire-resistant coating material without gaps even at the joints between the plate materials, and has a high fire-resistant coating layer and finished wood layer on the outer surface side of the load support portion Can be integrated under quality control. Moreover, a wooden fireproof member can be mass-produced in a short time.
Further, in the wood fire-resistant member, the fire-resistant coating layer provided between the load support portion and the finished wood layer is continuously formed at the end portion of the finished wood layer, and the fire-resistant coating layer is It is desirable to form so as to be exposed.
If it does in this way, since the fireproof coating layer is formed in the material edge part of a load support part, it can prevent spreading to a finishing timber layer via the building site | part which touches a wooden fireproof member. In addition, the fireproof coating layer, which has a lower compression rigidity than the finished wood layer, is provided at the end of the finished wood layer so that even if a large deformation occurs in the wooden fireproof member during an earthquake, the fireproof coating Since the displacement is absorbed by the exposed portion of the layer, it is possible to prevent damage at the contact portion between the wooden refractory member and the building part.

本発明によれば、木材の持つ質感を外被部に備え、かつ、鉛直荷重や地震荷重を負担する主要構造部分に木材を配置した木質耐火部材が実現できる。また、木質耐火部材は、耐火被覆層を短時間に、所定の層厚さを形成することができ、多様な耐火性能を容易に確保できる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the wood fireproof member which provided the texture which wood has in a jacket part, and has arrange | positioned wood in the main structure part which bears a vertical load and an earthquake load is realizable. Moreover, the wood fireproof member can form a predetermined layer thickness in a short time in the fireproof coating layer, and can easily ensure various fireproof performances.

(a)は第一実施形態に係る木質耐火部材を示す平断面図、(b)は同木質耐火部材の縦断面図である。(A) is a plane sectional view which shows the wooden fireproof member which concerns on 1st embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wooden fireproof member. (a)〜(c)は、図1の木質耐火部材の形成方法の各段階を示す平断面図である。(A)-(c) is a plane sectional view which shows each step of the formation method of the wooden refractory member of FIG. 耐火被覆層の計算モデル図である。It is a calculation model figure of a fireproof coating layer. 第二実施形態に係る木質耐火部材を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the wooden fireproof member which concerns on 2nd embodiment. (a)〜(c)は、図4の木質耐火部材の形成方法の各段階を示す断面図である。(A)-(c) is sectional drawing which shows each step of the formation method of the wooden refractory member of FIG. (a)および(b)は2時間耐火性能が確保された木質耐火部材(木質耐火柱)の断面設計例である。(A) And (b) is a cross-sectional design example of the wooden fireproof member (wooden fireproof pillar) in which fireproof performance was ensured for 2 hours. (a)は第三実施形態に係る木質耐火柱を示す平断面図、(b)は同木質耐火柱の縦断面図、(c)は第三実施形態に係る木質耐火梁を示す断面図である。(A) is a plane sectional view showing a wooden fireproof pillar according to the third embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view of the wooden fireproof pillar, and (c) is a sectional view showing a wooden fireproof beam according to the third embodiment. is there.

本発明は、耐火性能を備えた木質耐火部材(木質耐火柱、または木質耐火梁)である。本発明の木質耐火部材は、燃え代部分に相当する仕上げ木材層と、加熱終了後に燃焼、炭化を止めることができる燃え止まり部分に相当する耐火被覆層とを備えたものである。耐火被覆層は、荷重支持部に湿式耐火被覆材を吹き付けること、あるいは、乾式耐火被覆材を巻き付けることにより形成されている。なお、耐火被覆層の表面および背面に水分遮断層が形成されていることにより、湿式耐火被覆材の水分が木材からなる荷重支持部および仕上げ木材層側に浸透するのを防止している。
本発明の第一の実施形態を図1、2に示すとともに、第二の実施形態を図4、5に示し、第三の実施形態を図7に示す。また、木質耐火部材の断面設計例を図6に示す。
以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明による木質耐火部材の実施形態について説明する。
The present invention is a wooden fireproof member (a wooden fireproof column or a wooden fireproof beam) having fireproof performance. The woody refractory member of the present invention is provided with a finished wood layer corresponding to a burning allowance portion and a fireproof covering layer corresponding to a burning stop portion capable of stopping combustion and carbonization after heating. The fireproof coating layer is formed by spraying a wet fireproof coating material on the load supporting portion or winding a dry fireproof coating material. In addition, the moisture barrier layer is formed on the front and back surfaces of the refractory coating layer, thereby preventing the moisture of the wet refractory coating material from penetrating into the load supporting portion made of wood and the finished wood layer side.
A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a second embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and a third embodiment is shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional design example of the wooden fireproof member.
Hereinafter, with reference to an accompanying drawing, an embodiment of a wood fireproof member by the present invention is described.

<第一の実施形態>
第一の実施形態の木質耐火部材1は、建物の柱を構成する部材(木質耐火柱)であって、図1(a)に示すように、断面視正方形を呈している。なお、木質耐火部材1の断面形状は限定されるものではなく、例えば、矩形状や円形状であってもよい。
木質耐火部材1は、荷重支持部2と、耐火被覆層3と、仕上げ木材層4と、水分遮断層5とを備えている。耐火被覆層3は、吹き付け方式による湿式耐火被覆材(ロックウールやセラミック系耐火被覆材)である。
<First embodiment>
The wooden fireproof member 1 of the first embodiment is a member (woody fireproof pillar) constituting a pillar of a building, and as shown in FIG. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the wooden fireproof member 1 is not limited, For example, rectangular shape and circular shape may be sufficient.
The wooden fireproof member 1 includes a load support portion 2, a fireproof coating layer 3, a finished wood layer 4, and a moisture barrier layer 5. The fireproof covering layer 3 is a wet fireproof covering material (rock wool or ceramic fireproof covering material) by a spraying method.

荷重支持部2は、いわゆる構造部材であって、木質耐火部材1に上載あるいは接続された屋根、梁、床等を支持することが可能な断面寸法(本実施形態では、600×600mm)を有している。本実施形態の荷重支持部2は、断面正方形の杉の集成材により構成されている。なお、荷重支持部2を構成する材料は、杉に限定されるものではなく、例えば、檜や栂等であってもよい。また、荷重支持部2は、集成材に限定されるものではなく、無垢材であってもよい。さらに、荷重支持部2の断面寸法および断面形状は限定されるものではなく、木質耐火部材1に作用する応力に応じて適宜決定すればよい。言い換えると、木質耐火部材1では、仕上げ木材層4の材端部には荷重支持部2と仕上げ木材層4との間に設けられた耐火被覆層3が連続して形成され、仕上げ木材層4と木質耐火部材1に接続される屋根、梁、床等との間に耐火被覆層3が設けられている。
本明細書でいう湿式耐火被覆材とは、ロックウールとセメント、水を主成分とする吹付けロックウール、または白セメント、水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸カルシウムを主成分とする吹付けセラミック系耐火被覆材である。吹付けロックウールは、重量比において、ロックウール:セメント:水が6:4:8の割合で練り混ぜられた耐火被覆材であり、水分割合は44%である。吹付けセラミック系耐火被覆材は、吸熱効果の高い水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸カルシウム、セメントを主成分としており、ロックウールなどの断熱タイプより薄層にて優れた耐火性能を実現している。
The load support portion 2 is a so-called structural member, and has a cross-sectional dimension (600 × 600 mm in the present embodiment) that can support a roof, a beam, a floor, etc. mounted on or connected to the wooden fireproof member 1. doing. The load support part 2 of this embodiment is comprised with the laminated material of the cedar of a square cross section. In addition, the material which comprises the load support part 2 is not limited to a cedar, For example, a cocoon, a cocoon, etc. may be sufficient. Moreover, the load support part 2 is not limited to a laminated material, A solid material may be sufficient. Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimension and the cross-sectional shape of the load support portion 2 are not limited, and may be determined as appropriate according to the stress acting on the wooden refractory member 1. In other words, in the wood fire-resistant member 1, the fire-resistant covering layer 3 provided between the load supporting portion 2 and the finished wood layer 4 is continuously formed at the material end of the finished wood layer 4, so that the finished wood layer 4 is formed. A fireproof coating layer 3 is provided between the roof, the beam, the floor and the like connected to the wooden fireproof member 1.
The wet fireproof coating material referred to in this specification is a rock wool and cement, spray rock wool mainly composed of water, or a spray ceramic fireproof coating material mainly composed of white cement, aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate. It is. Spray rock wool is a fireproof coating material in which rock wool: cement: water is kneaded at a ratio of 6: 4: 8 in a weight ratio, and a moisture ratio is 44%. The sprayed ceramic fireproof coating material is mainly composed of aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and cement, which have a high endothermic effect, and achieves superior fireproof performance in a thinner layer than a heat insulating type such as rock wool.

耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の周囲を被覆している。本実施形態の耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の外面にロックウールを設置することにより、所定の厚さを有して形成されている。すなわち、耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の外面を覆う部材であって、構造部材ではない。本実施形態の耐火被覆層3は、図1(b)に示すように、外側に開口する凹部を有していることで断面視コ字状を呈している。すなわち、耐火被覆層3は、木質耐火部材1の端部(柱端部)の厚さが、それ以外の部分に比べて大きい。なお、耐火被覆層3の断面形状は限定されるものではなく、例えば平板状であってもよい。   The fireproof coating layer 3 covers the periphery of the load support portion 2. The fireproof coating layer 3 of the present embodiment is formed with a predetermined thickness by installing rock wool on the outer surface of the load support portion 2. That is, the fireproof coating layer 3 is a member that covers the outer surface of the load support portion 2 and is not a structural member. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the fireproof coating layer 3 of the present embodiment has a U-shape in cross-sectional view by having a recess opening outward. In other words, the thickness of the end portion (column end portion) of the wood refractory member 1 is larger than that of the other portion of the fireproof covering layer 3. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the fireproof coating layer 3 is not limited, For example, flat form may be sufficient.

仕上げ木材層4は、木質耐火部材1の外面を覆うように、耐火被覆層3の外側に周設されている。本実施形態では、耐火被覆層3の外面に形成された凹部に仕上げ木材層4が配設されている。したがって、耐火被覆層3は、木質耐火部材1の端部(柱端部)において露出している。なお、木質耐火部材1の材端部における耐火被覆層3の露出部分は、必要に応じて形成すればよく、必ずしも形成する必要はない。
本実施形態の仕上げ木材層4は、図1(a)に示すように、4枚の仕上げ板材41を、互いの端部同士を接合することにより、断面視枠状に形成されている。仕上げ木材層4の角部では、一方の仕上げ板材41の端面が他方の仕上げ板材41の板面に当接した状態で、他方の仕上げ板材41を貫通した木ビス42を介して接合されている。なお、仕上げ板材41同士の接合方法は限定されるものではなく、例えば、接着剤により接着してもよいし、釘を利用して接合してもよい。本実施形態の仕上げ板材61には、厚さ10mmのスギ板を使用する。なお、仕上げ板材41を構成する材料はスギ板に限定さえるものではない。また、仕上げ木材層4の層厚および仕上げ板材41の板厚は限定されるものではなく、適宜決定すればよい。
The finished wood layer 4 is provided on the outer side of the fireproof coating layer 3 so as to cover the outer surface of the wood fireproof member 1. In the present embodiment, the finished wood layer 4 is disposed in a recess formed on the outer surface of the fireproof coating layer 3. Therefore, the fireproof covering layer 3 is exposed at the end portion (column end portion) of the wooden fireproof member 1. In addition, what is necessary is just to form the exposed part of the fireproof coating layer 3 in the material edge part of the wooden fireproof member 1, and it is not necessary to form it.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the finished wood layer 4 of the present embodiment is formed into a frame shape in a sectional view by joining four finished plate members 41 to each other. At the corners of the finished wood layer 4, the finished plate material 41 is joined via a wood screw 42 penetrating the other finished plate material 41 in a state where the end surface of one finished plate material 41 is in contact with the plate surface of the other finished plate material 41. . In addition, the joining method of the finishing board materials 41 is not limited, For example, you may adhere | attach with an adhesive agent and may join using a nail. A cedar board having a thickness of 10 mm is used as the finished board 61 of the present embodiment. In addition, the material which comprises the finishing board material 41 is not only limited to a cedar board. Further, the layer thickness of the finished wood layer 4 and the plate thickness of the finished plate material 41 are not limited and may be appropriately determined.

水分遮断層5は、耐火被覆層3の内面および外面に配設されている。すなわち、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1は、荷重支持部2と耐火被覆層3との間、および、耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4との間に、水分遮断層5がそれぞれ形成されている。
水分遮断層5は、例えば、水分遮断塗膜(例えば、キシラデコールコンゾラン(商品名)等)や水分遮断シート(例えば、エア・ドライ(登録商標)等)を配設することにより形成されている。なお、水分遮断層5を構成する材料は、水分の浸透を遮断することが可能なものであれば、限定されるものではなく、例えば防水紙であってもよい。
第一実施形態の木質耐火部材1では、吹き付け方式による湿式耐火被覆材(例えば、吹付けロックウール)により耐火被覆層3が形成されている。湿式耐火被覆材は、水分量が40%程と一般的な木質部材よりも大きい。木質部材の含水率は、例えば、桧の柱の含水率は18%前後、桧フローリング材で15%前後、杉の柱で20〜30%、杉フローリング材で15〜22%程度である。そのため、第一実施形態の木質耐火部材1では、荷重支持部2と耐火被覆層3との間、及び耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4との間に、水分遮断塗膜または水分遮断シートからなる水分遮断層5を設置して、荷重支持部2や仕上げ木材層4側への水分の浸透を阻止し、構造性能と耐火性能を確保する。
The moisture barrier layer 5 is disposed on the inner and outer surfaces of the fireproof coating layer 3. That is, in the woody fire-resistant member 1 of the present embodiment, the moisture barrier layer 5 is formed between the load support portion 2 and the fire-resistant coating layer 3 and between the fire-resistant coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4, respectively. Yes.
The moisture barrier layer 5 is formed, for example, by disposing a moisture barrier coating film (for example, xyladecol conzolan (trade name) or the like) or a moisture barrier sheet (for example, Air Dry (registered trademark)). . The material constituting the moisture blocking layer 5 is not limited as long as it can block moisture permeation, and may be waterproof paper, for example.
In the woody fireproof member 1 of the first embodiment, the fireproof coating layer 3 is formed of a wet fireproof coating material (for example, spray rock wool) by a spraying method. The wet fireproof coating material has a moisture content of about 40%, which is larger than a general wood member. The moisture content of the wood member is, for example, about 18% for the column of firewood, about 15% for the wood flooring material, 20-30% for the cedar pillar, and about 15-22% for the cedar flooring material. Therefore, in the woody refractory member 1 of the first embodiment, a moisture barrier coating film or a moisture barrier sheet is provided between the load support portion 2 and the fireproof coating layer 3 and between the fireproof coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4. The moisture barrier layer 5 is installed to prevent moisture from penetrating into the load support portion 2 and the finished wood layer 4 and to ensure structural performance and fire resistance.

次に、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1の形成方法について説明する。
まず、図2(a)に示すように、集成材からなる荷重支持部2の外面に、水分遮断シート51を貼着することにより水分遮断層5を形成する。水分遮断シート51は、固定ピン52で荷重支持部2の表面に固定する。水分遮断シート51は、荷重支持部2に巻き付けた後、両端部を重ね合わせ、当該重合部を固定ピン52で固定する。なお、水分遮断シート51は、荷重支持部2の表面に接着してもよく、その固定方法は限定されるものではない。また、水分遮断層5の形成方法は限定されるものではなく、例えば、荷重支持部2の表面に水分遮断塗膜を塗着することにより形成してもよい。
次に、図2(b)に示すように、水分遮断層5の外面に、ロックウール、またはセラミック系耐火被覆材を吹付けることにより、耐火被覆層3を形成する。このとき、耐火被覆層3の層厚は、柱端部で大きくなるようにする。本実施形態では、所定の厚みを有した耐火被覆材31を1度に吹付ける。なお、耐火被覆層3は、耐火被覆材31を複数回に分けて吹き付けることにより形成してもよい。本実施形態の耐火被覆材31の端部には段差、または耐火被覆材同士の重ね合わせ部分の隙間などが形成されておらず、耐火被覆層の一部に熱が伝達しやすい熱の通り道が形成されることが防止されている。
続いて、図2(c)に示すように、耐火被覆層3の外面に仕上げ板材41を設置して、仕上げ木材層4を形成する。このとき、各仕上げ板材41の耐火被覆層3との当接面(耐火被覆層3の内側面および耐火被覆層3の上下端面)には、水分遮断層5を予め形成しておく。なお、水分遮断層5は、仕上げ板材41に水分遮断塗膜を塗着することにより形成してもよいし、水分遮断シートを貼着することにより形成してもよい。また、水分遮断層5が取り付けられた仕上げ板材41は、接着剤を用いて耐火被覆層3に接着するか、固定ピンにより荷重支持部に固定する。
仕上げ板材41の固定に使用する固定ピンは、ピン本体部とワッシャー部で構成される。ワッシャー部は溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板で形成され、ピン本体部は冷間圧造炭素鋼線材で形成される。また、仕上げ木材層4に設けられるワッシャー部の上面には、木材用化粧充填材を設けることで、仕上げ木材層4の木材の持つ質感を確保されている。
また、木質耐火部材1は、工場において荷重支持部2の外面に水分遮断塗膜または水分遮断シートからなる水分遮断層5を設けた木質部材を製作したものを建設現場に搬入し、床スラブ上または柱頭部上に建て込んだ後、その外側に耐火被覆層3、水分遮断層5、仕上げ木材層4を形成する。または、仕上げ木材層4まで工場において形成した木質耐火部材1を建設現場に搬入して、所定位置に建て込み、柱梁架構を構築しても良い。このように木質耐火部材1は、一部の層、または全ての構成層を工場で製作することで、水分遮断層5や耐火被覆層3を容易に隙間なく形成することができる。
Next, the formation method of the woody fireproof member 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
First, as shown to Fig.2 (a), the moisture barrier layer 5 is formed by sticking the moisture barrier sheet 51 on the outer surface of the load support part 2 which consists of a laminated material. The moisture blocking sheet 51 is fixed to the surface of the load support portion 2 with fixing pins 52. After the moisture blocking sheet 51 is wound around the load support portion 2, both ends are overlapped, and the overlapping portion is fixed with the fixing pin 52. In addition, the moisture shielding sheet 51 may be adhered to the surface of the load support portion 2, and the fixing method is not limited. Moreover, the formation method of the moisture barrier layer 5 is not limited. For example, the moisture barrier layer 5 may be formed by applying a moisture barrier coating to the surface of the load support portion 2.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the fireproof coating layer 3 is formed by spraying rock wool or a ceramic fireproof coating material on the outer surface of the moisture blocking layer 5. At this time, the layer thickness of the refractory coating layer 3 is increased at the column end. In this embodiment, the fireproof covering material 31 having a predetermined thickness is sprayed at a time. In addition, you may form the fireproof coating layer 3 by spraying the fireproof coating material 31 in multiple steps. The end of the fireproof coating material 31 of the present embodiment is not formed with a step or a gap between overlapping portions of the fireproof coating materials, and a heat path through which heat is easily transferred to a part of the fireproof coating layer. It is prevented from forming.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), a finished board 41 is installed on the outer surface of the fireproof coating layer 3 to form a finished wood layer 4. At this time, the moisture barrier layer 5 is formed in advance on the contact surfaces (the inner side surface of the fireproof coating layer 3 and the upper and lower end surfaces of the fireproof coating layer 3) of each finished plate 41 with the fireproof coating layer 3. The moisture barrier layer 5 may be formed by applying a moisture barrier coating film to the finished plate 41 or may be formed by sticking a moisture barrier sheet. Further, the finishing plate 41 to which the moisture blocking layer 5 is attached is adhered to the fireproof coating layer 3 using an adhesive, or is fixed to the load support portion with a fixing pin.
The fixing pin used for fixing the finishing plate material 41 is composed of a pin main body portion and a washer portion. The washer portion is formed of a hot dip galvanized steel plate, and the pin main body portion is formed of a cold forged carbon steel wire. Further, the texture of the wood of the finished wood layer 4 is secured by providing a wood filler on the upper surface of the washer portion provided in the finished wood layer 4.
In addition, the wooden fireproof member 1 is manufactured by manufacturing a wooden member provided with a moisture barrier layer 5 made of a moisture barrier coating film or a moisture barrier sheet on the outer surface of the load support portion 2 at the factory, and carrying it to the construction site. Alternatively, after being built on the column head, the fireproof coating layer 3, the moisture blocking layer 5, and the finished wood layer 4 are formed on the outside thereof. Alternatively, the wooden refractory member 1 formed in the factory up to the finished wood layer 4 may be carried into the construction site and built at a predetermined position to construct a column beam frame. Thus, the wood fire-resistant member 1 can easily form the moisture barrier layer 5 and the fire-resistant coating layer 3 without a gap by producing some or all of the constituent layers at the factory.

以下、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1について、耐火被覆層3の層厚の計算例を示す。なお、耐火被覆層3の層厚の計算方法は限定されるものではない。
本計算例では、図3に示す定常伝熱モデルにおいて、火災温度(木質耐火部材1の外気側の温度)が1000℃の場合について、荷重支持部2の外側面(表面)温度T、耐火被覆層3の表面(耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4との間の面)温度T、及び、仕上げ木材層4の表面温度Tについて、仕上げ木材層4と耐火被覆層3の其々の層厚さと熱伝導率、及び外気の対流熱伝導率を用いて、推定した。
耐火被覆層3および仕上げ木材層4の層厚は、図3に示すようにそれぞれdr=40mmおよびds=10mmとする。また、耐火被覆層3および仕上げ木材層4の熱伝導率は、それぞれλr=0.047W/(m・k)、λs=0.087W/(m・k)とする。さらに、対流熱伝導率は、α=10W/(m・k)とする。
Hereinafter, the calculation example of the layer thickness of the fireproof covering layer 3 is shown about the wooden fireproof member 1 of this embodiment. In addition, the calculation method of the layer thickness of the fireproof coating layer 3 is not limited.
In this calculation example, in the steady heat transfer model shown in FIG. 3, when the fire temperature (the temperature on the outside air side of the wooden refractory member 1) is 1000 ° C., the outer surface (surface) temperature T 1 of the load support portion 2, fire resistance The surface of the coating layer 3 (the surface between the fireproof coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4) T 2 and the surface temperature T 3 of the finished wood layer 4 are the finished wood layer 4 and the fireproof coating layer 3 respectively. It was estimated by using the layer thickness and thermal conductivity of the film and the convective thermal conductivity of the outside air.
The layer thicknesses of the fireproof covering layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 are set to dr = 40 mm and ds = 10 mm, respectively, as shown in FIG. The thermal conductivities of the fireproof covering layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 are λr = 0.047 W / (m · k) and λs = 0.087 W / (m · k), respectively. Further, the convective thermal conductivity is set to α = 10 W / (m 2 · k).

まず、耐火被覆層3および仕上げ木材層4からなる被覆層の総熱抵抗値Rを算出する。
ここで、層厚と熱伝導率の関係は下式のように表される。
1/α:dr/λr:ds/λs:1/α
=1/10:0.04/0.047:0.01/0.087:1/10
=0.1:0.85:0.12:0.1
となり、木質耐火部材の総熱抵抗値は下式のように表される。
R=0.1+0.85+0.12+0.1=1.17
となる。
次に、熱抵抗値Rを利用して、荷重支持部2の外側面T(耐火被覆層3の背面温度T)、耐火被覆層3の表面温度T、および仕上げ木材層4の表面温度Tを推定する。
=0.1/1.17×(1000-20)=114.7(℃)
=(0.1+0.85)/1.17×(1000-20)=795.7(℃)
=(0.1+0.85+0.12)/1.17×(1000-20)=896.2(℃)
以上、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1によれば、火災時等において、木質耐火部材1の外気の温度が1000℃にまで上昇した場合であっても、耐火被覆層3を鉄骨材にて2時間耐火性能が実証されている湿式耐火被覆材の層厚さを40mmとすることで、荷重支持部2の表面では115℃程度となり、木材の炭化開始温度260℃を下回った。したがって、木質耐火部材1として、火災時の延焼現象を定常伝熱モデルで推定すると、木製の荷重支持部の外側に、外部側に水分が浸透しないように水分遮断層5に挟み込まれた所定の層厚さを有する湿式耐火被覆材を配置することで、荷重支持部2の燃焼や炭化を防止できることが確認できた。
First, the total thermal resistance value R of the coating layer composed of the fireproof coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 is calculated.
Here, the relationship between the layer thickness and the thermal conductivity is expressed by the following equation.
1 / α: dr / λr: ds / λs: 1 / α
= 1/10: 0.04 / 0.047: 0.01 / 0.087: 1/10
= 0.1: 0.85: 0.12: 0.1
Thus, the total thermal resistance value of the wooden refractory member is expressed by the following equation.
R = 0.1 + 0.85 + 0.12 + 0.1 = 1.17
It becomes.
Next, using the thermal resistance value R, the outer surface T 1 of the load support portion 2 (the back surface temperature T 1 of the fireproof coating layer 3), the surface temperature T 2 of the fireproof coating layer 3, and the surface of the finished wood layer 4 to estimate the temperature T 3.
T 1 = 0.1 / 1.17 × (1000-20) = 114.7 (° C)
T 2 = (0.1 + 0.85) /1.17× (1000-20) = 795.7 (° C)
T 3 = (0.1 + 0.85 + 0.12) /1.17× (1000-20) = 896.2 (℃)
As described above, according to the wood refractory member 1 of the present embodiment, even when the temperature of the outside air of the wood refractory member 1 rises to 1000 ° C. in the event of a fire or the like, the fireproof covering layer 3 is made of steel frame 2 By setting the layer thickness of the wet refractory coating material for which time-proof fire resistance performance was 40 mm, the surface of the load support portion 2 was about 115 ° C., which was lower than the carbonization start temperature of wood 260 ° C. Therefore, when the fire spread phenomenon at the time of fire is estimated as a wooden refractory member 1 by a steady heat transfer model, a predetermined heat sandwiched between the moisture blocking layer 5 so that moisture does not permeate outside the wooden load support portion. It has been confirmed that by disposing a wet fireproof coating material having a layer thickness, combustion and carbonization of the load support portion 2 can be prevented.

本実施形態の木質耐火部材1によれば、木質構造部材の耐火構造を実現することで、低炭素社会に貢献することができる。
また、火災時には仕上げ木材層4が外側表面から燃焼し、炭化が進むが、仕上げ木材層4と荷重支持部2との間に耐火被覆層3が設けられているため、荷重支持部2の燃焼および炭化を防止することができる。そのため、耐火性能を備えた木質耐火部材1を構築することができ、ひいては、建築基準法を満足する耐火構造を実現することが可能となる。また、仕上げ木材層4は、炭化後に脱落するため、燃焼が荷重支持部2に燃え移ることが防止されている。そのため、火災が発生した場合であっても、構造部材としての機能を維持することができる。
According to the wood fireproof member 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to contribute to a low carbon society by realizing the fireproof structure of the wood structure member.
Further, in the event of a fire, the finished wood layer 4 burns from the outer surface and carbonization proceeds. However, since the fireproof coating layer 3 is provided between the finished wood layer 4 and the load support portion 2, the combustion of the load support portion 2 is performed. And carbonization can be prevented. Therefore, the wooden fireproof member 1 having fireproof performance can be constructed, and eventually, a fireproof structure that satisfies the Building Standard Law can be realized. Further, since the finished wood layer 4 falls off after carbonization, the combustion is prevented from burning to the load support portion 2. Therefore, even when a fire occurs, the function as a structural member can be maintained.

耐火被覆層3に湿式耐火被覆材を使用しているものの、耐火被覆層3が水分遮断層5により挟まれているため、耐火被覆層3の水分が荷重支持部2や仕上げ木材層4へ浸透することが防止されている。そのため、水分による強度低下や変色等が生じることがなく、構造性能および耐火性能を維持することができる。
耐火被覆層3は、湿式耐火被覆材からなるため、容易に形成することができ、かつ、多様な耐火性能(1時間耐火や2時間耐火等)を容易に確保することができる。さらに、湿式耐火被覆材を隙間なく設けることで、耐火被覆層3に熱の通り道が形成されることもない。また、目地処理に要する手間も省略することができる。
また、木質耐火部材1は、材端部(柱端部)において耐火被覆層3が露出するように形成しているため、木質耐火部材1と接する建物部位が燃焼したとしても、仕上げ木材層4に延焼することを防止することができる。また、仕上げ木材層4に比べて圧縮剛性が低い耐火被覆層3を材端部に設けているため、地震時に木質耐火部材1に大変形が生じた場合であっても、耐火被覆層3の露出部分が変位を吸収することで、木質耐火部材1と建物部位との当接部における破損を防止することができる。
Although a wet refractory coating material is used for the refractory coating layer 3, since the refractory coating layer 3 is sandwiched between the moisture barrier layers 5, the moisture of the refractory coating layer 3 penetrates into the load support portion 2 and the finished wood layer 4. Is prevented. Therefore, the structural performance and fire resistance performance can be maintained without causing strength reduction or discoloration due to moisture.
Since the fireproof coating layer 3 is made of a wet fireproof coating material, it can be easily formed, and various fireproof performances (1 hour fire resistance, 2 hour fire resistance, etc.) can be easily secured. Furthermore, the passage of heat is not formed in the fireproof coating layer 3 by providing the wet fireproof coating material without any gaps. Further, the labor required for joint processing can be omitted.
Moreover, since the wood fire-resistant member 1 is formed so that the fire-resistant covering layer 3 is exposed at the end of the material (column end), the finished wood layer 4 even if the building part in contact with the wood fire-resistant member 1 burns. It is possible to prevent the fire from spreading. Moreover, since the fireproof coating layer 3 having a lower compression rigidity than the finished wood layer 4 is provided at the end of the material, even if a large deformation occurs in the wooden fireproof member 1 during an earthquake, the fireproof coating layer 3 Since the exposed portion absorbs the displacement, it is possible to prevent damage at the contact portion between the wooden refractory member 1 and the building part.

<第二の実施形態>
第二の実施形態の木質耐火部材1は、建物の床スラブを支持する梁を構成する部材(木質耐火梁)であって、図4に示すように、断面視矩形状を呈している。なお、木質耐火部材1の断面形状は限定されるものではなく、例えば、正方形状や円形状であってもよい。なお、第二の実施形態では、第一の実施形態と異なる構成や、木質耐火部材1の形成方法、及びその作用効果について記載し、共通点の記載は省略した。
木質耐火部材1は、荷重支持部2と、耐火被覆層3と、仕上げ木材層4と、水分遮断層5とを備えている。
<Second Embodiment>
The wooden fire-resistant member 1 of the second embodiment is a member (wood fire-resistant beam) that constitutes a beam that supports a floor slab of a building, and has a rectangular shape in cross section as shown in FIG. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the wooden fireproof member 1 is not limited, For example, square shape and circular shape may be sufficient. In addition, in 2nd embodiment, the structure different from 1st embodiment, the formation method of the wooden fireproof member 1, and its effect were described, and description of the common point was abbreviate | omitted.
The wooden fireproof member 1 includes a load support portion 2, a fireproof coating layer 3, a finished wood layer 4, and a moisture barrier layer 5.

荷重支持部2は、いわゆる構造部材であって、一対の柱に横架された状態で、上載された床スラブ等を支持することが可能な断面寸法を有している。本実施形態の荷重支持部2は、矩形状の杉の集成材により構成されている。なお、荷重支持部2を構成する材料は、杉に限定されるものではなく、例えば、檜や栂等であってもよい。また、荷重支持部2は、集成材に限定されるものではなく、無垢材であってもよい。さらに、荷重支持部2の断面寸法および断面形状は限定されるものではなく、木質耐火部材1に作用する応力に応じて適宜決定すればよい。本実施形態の荷重支持部2の上面は、床スラブ6に当接している。
耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の外面を被覆している。本実施形態の耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の左右の側面および底面に、ロックウールを吹き付けることにより、所定の厚さを有して形成されている。すなわち、耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の外面を覆う部材であって、構造部材ではない。なお、耐火被覆層3は、荷重支持部2の全周囲を覆っていてもよい。
The load support portion 2 is a so-called structural member, and has a cross-sectional dimension capable of supporting a floor slab and the like mounted thereon in a state of being horizontally mounted on a pair of columns. The load support portion 2 of the present embodiment is made of a laminated material of rectangular cedar. In addition, the material which comprises the load support part 2 is not limited to a cedar, For example, a cocoon, a cocoon, etc. may be sufficient. Moreover, the load support part 2 is not limited to a laminated material, A solid material may be sufficient. Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimension and the cross-sectional shape of the load support portion 2 are not limited, and may be determined as appropriate according to the stress acting on the wooden refractory member 1. The upper surface of the load support portion 2 of this embodiment is in contact with the floor slab 6.
The fireproof coating layer 3 covers the outer surface of the load support portion 2. The fireproof coating layer 3 of the present embodiment is formed to have a predetermined thickness by spraying rock wool onto the left and right side surfaces and the bottom surface of the load support portion 2. That is, the fireproof coating layer 3 is a member that covers the outer surface of the load support portion 2 and is not a structural member. Note that the fireproof coating layer 3 may cover the entire periphery of the load support portion 2.

仕上げ木材層4は、耐火被覆層3の外側を覆っている。本実施形態の仕上げ木材層4は、3枚の仕上げ板材41を、互いの端部同士を接合することにより、断面視凹字状に形成されている。仕上げ木材層4の角部では、一方の仕上げ板材41の端面が他方の仕上げ板材41の板面に当接した状態で、他方の仕上げ板材41を貫通した木ビス42を介して接合されている。なお、仕上げ板材41同士の接合方法は限定されるものではなく、例えば、接着剤により接着してもよいし、釘を利用して接合してもよい。本実施形態の仕上げ板材61には、厚さ10mmのスギ板を使用する。なお、仕上げ板材41を構成する材料はスギ板に限定さえるものではない。また、仕上げ木材層4の層厚および仕上げ板材41の板厚は限定されるものではなく、適宜決定すればよい。
水分遮断層5は、耐火被覆層3の内面および外面に配設されている。すなわち、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1は、荷重支持部2と耐火被覆層3との間、および、耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4との間に、水分遮断層5がそれぞれ形成されている。また、木質耐火部材(木質耐火梁)1では、木質耐火柱の材端部と同様、荷重支持部2が接続される柱、壁と仕上げ木材層4の材端部との間に、荷重支持部2と仕上げ木材層4との間に設けられた耐火被覆層3が連続して設けられている。
The finished wood layer 4 covers the outside of the fireproof coating layer 3. The finished wood layer 4 of the present embodiment is formed in a concave shape in sectional view by joining the three finished plate members 41 to each other. At the corners of the finished wood layer 4, the finished plate material 41 is joined via a wood screw 42 penetrating the other finished plate material 41 in a state where the end surface of one finished plate material 41 is in contact with the plate surface of the other finished plate material 41. . In addition, the joining method of the finishing board materials 41 is not limited, For example, you may adhere | attach with an adhesive agent and may join using a nail. A cedar board having a thickness of 10 mm is used as the finished board 61 of the present embodiment. In addition, the material which comprises the finishing board material 41 is not only limited to a cedar board. Further, the layer thickness of the finished wood layer 4 and the plate thickness of the finished plate material 41 are not limited and may be appropriately determined.
The moisture barrier layer 5 is disposed on the inner and outer surfaces of the fireproof coating layer 3. That is, in the woody fire-resistant member 1 of the present embodiment, the moisture barrier layer 5 is formed between the load support portion 2 and the fire-resistant coating layer 3 and between the fire-resistant coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4, respectively. Yes. Further, in the wooden fire-resistant member (wood fire-resistant beam) 1, the load support is provided between the column / wall to which the load support portion 2 is connected and the material end portion of the finished wood layer 4, similarly to the end portion of the wooden fire-resistant column. The fireproof covering layer 3 provided between the part 2 and the finished wood layer 4 is continuously provided.

次に、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1の形成方法について説明する。
まず、図5(a)に示すように、集成材からなる荷重支持部2の外面(側面および底面)に、水分遮断塗膜を塗着して、水分遮断層5を形成する。なお、水分遮断層5の形成方法は限定されるものではなく、例えば、水分遮断シートを荷重支持部2の外面に貼着することにより形成してもよい。
次に、図5(b)に示すように、水分遮断層5の外面に、ロックウール、セメント、水等を混ぜることにより形成された吹き付け材を吹き付けることにより、耐火被覆層3を形成する。このとき、耐火被覆層3は、柱端部での層厚が厚くなるように、吹き付ける。
耐火被覆層3に所定の強度が発現したら、図5(c)に示すように、耐火被覆層3の外面に仕上げ板材41を設置して、仕上げ木材層4を形成する。このとき、各仕上げ板材41の耐火被覆層3との当接面(耐火被覆層3の内側面および耐火被覆層3の上下端面)には、水分遮断層5を予め形成しておく。なお、水分遮断層5は、仕上げ板材41に水分遮断塗膜を塗着することにより形成してもよいし、水分遮断シートを貼着することにより形成してもよい。また、水分遮断層5の形成方法は限定されるものではなく、例えば、耐火被覆層3の外面に水分遮断シートを貼着することにより形成してもよい。また、仕上げ板材41は、接着剤を用いて耐火被覆層3に接着する方法と、固定ピンにより荷重支持部2に固定する方法がある。
Next, the formation method of the woody fireproof member 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a moisture barrier coating 5 is formed by applying a moisture barrier coating film to the outer surface (side surface and bottom surface) of the load support portion 2 made of a laminated material. In addition, the formation method of the moisture barrier layer 5 is not limited. For example, the moisture barrier layer 5 may be formed by sticking the moisture barrier sheet to the outer surface of the load support portion 2.
Next, as shown in FIG.5 (b), the fireproof coating layer 3 is formed by spraying the spraying material formed by mixing rock wool, cement, water, etc. on the outer surface of the moisture barrier layer 5. At this time, the fireproof coating layer 3 is sprayed so that the layer thickness at the end of the column becomes thick.
When a predetermined strength is developed in the fireproof coating layer 3, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the finished plate material 41 is installed on the outer surface of the fireproof coating layer 3 to form the finished wood layer 4. At this time, the moisture barrier layer 5 is formed in advance on the contact surfaces (the inner side surface of the fireproof coating layer 3 and the upper and lower end surfaces of the fireproof coating layer 3) of each finished plate 41 with the fireproof coating layer 3. The moisture barrier layer 5 may be formed by applying a moisture barrier coating film to the finished plate 41 or may be formed by sticking a moisture barrier sheet. Moreover, the formation method of the moisture shielding layer 5 is not limited, For example, you may form by sticking a moisture shielding sheet on the outer surface of the fireproof coating layer 3. FIG. Moreover, the finish board | plate material 41 has the method of adhere | attaching on the fireproof coating layer 3 using an adhesive agent, and the method of fixing to the load support part 2 with a fixing pin.

以上、本実施形態の木質耐火部材1によれば、耐火被覆層3が湿式耐火被覆材を吹き付けることにより形成されているため、耐火被覆層3を容易に形成することができ、かつ、多様な耐火性能(1時間耐火や2時間耐火等)を容易に確保することができる。さらに、湿式耐火被覆材を隙間なく吹き付けることで、耐火被覆層に熱の通り道が形成されることもない。本実施形態の木質耐火部材1のその他の作用効果は、第一の実施形態で示した内容と同様なため、詳細な説明は省略する。   As described above, according to the wood fireproof member 1 of the present embodiment, since the fireproof coating layer 3 is formed by spraying the wet fireproof coating material, the fireproof coating layer 3 can be easily formed, and various Fire resistance (1 hour fire resistance, 2 hour fire resistance, etc.) can be easily secured. Furthermore, the passage of heat is not formed in the fireproof coating layer by spraying the wet fireproof coating material without any gaps. Other functions and effects of the wood refractory member 1 of this embodiment are the same as the contents shown in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

〔実施例〕
図6に、2時間耐火が必要な中低層事務所ビルの1階柱を対象とした木質耐火部材1の断面設計例(実施例1、実施例2)を示す。
図6(a)は実施例1であり、柱が梁と剛接合された柱梁架構において、柱断面が700mm×700mmの正方形状の場合で、荷重支持部2が600mm×600mmである。実施例1では、荷重支持部2はカラマツ材で形成し、当該荷重支持部2から外側に向って、水分遮断層5、耐火被覆層3、水分遮断層5および仕上げ木材層4を順に積層した。耐火被覆層3は、厚さ40mmのロックウール層を荷重支持部2の外側面に形成した。仕上げ木材層4は、厚さ10mmの平板を枠状に組み合わせることにより形成した。
また、図6(b)は実施例2であり、柱断面が1300mm×600mmの長方形状で、荷重支持部2が1200mm×300mmである。耐火被覆層3および仕上げ木材層4は、実施例1と同様の厚さを確保した。
荷重支持部2を形成するカラマツ材は、日本では北海道から本州北部にかけて分布する針葉樹であり、乾燥時の比重は0.53程度で、其々の強度特性として、圧縮強度は45N/mm、引張強度は85N/mm、せん断強度8N/mm程度である。また、カラマツ材と圧縮強度が同等のコンクリートと比較した場合、木材であるカラマツ材は、芯材の有無や乾燥状態で強度のバラツキがあるものの、コンクリートに比べて、引張強度、せん断強度ともに約10倍を上回る強度特性を示す構造材である。よって、実施例1、及び実施例2によるカラマツ材を荷重支持部に用いた木質耐火部材1は、圧縮強度が45N/mm程度のコンクリート柱に相当する鉛直荷重程度まで負担できる。
〔Example〕
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional design example (Example 1 and Example 2) of the wooden fireproof member 1 intended for the first floor pillar of a medium- and low-rise office building requiring fire resistance for 2 hours.
FIG. 6A shows the first embodiment. In a column beam structure in which a column is rigidly joined to a beam, the column section has a square shape of 700 mm × 700 mm, and the load support portion 2 is 600 mm × 600 mm. In Example 1, the load support portion 2 is formed of larch material, and the moisture barrier layer 5, the fireproof coating layer 3, the moisture barrier layer 5 and the finished wood layer 4 are laminated in this order from the load support portion 2 to the outside. . As the fireproof coating layer 3, a rock wool layer having a thickness of 40 mm was formed on the outer surface of the load support portion 2. The finished wood layer 4 was formed by combining 10 mm thick flat plates into a frame shape.
FIG. 6B shows the second embodiment, in which the column cross section is a rectangular shape of 1300 mm × 600 mm, and the load support portion 2 is 1200 mm × 300 mm. The fireproof coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 ensured the same thickness as in Example 1.
The larch material forming the load supporting part 2 is a conifer distributed in Hokkaido from the northern part of Honshu in Japan. The specific gravity when dried is about 0.53, and the compressive strength is 45 N / mm 2 , respectively. The tensile strength is about 85 N / mm 2 and the shear strength is about 8 N / mm 2 . In addition, when compared to concrete with a compressive strength equivalent to that of larch wood, larch wood, which is wood, varies in strength in the presence or absence of a core material or in a dry state, but both tensile strength and shear strength are approximately compared to concrete. It is a structural material showing strength characteristics exceeding 10 times. Therefore, the wooden refractory member 1 using the larch material according to Example 1 and Example 2 as the load support portion can bear up to a vertical load equivalent to a concrete column having a compressive strength of about 45 N / mm 2 .

<第三の実施形態>
第三実施形態の木質耐火部材1(木質耐火柱や木質耐火梁)は、図7(a)〜(c)に示すように、荷重支持部2と、巻き付け方式の乾式耐火被覆材で形成される耐火被覆層3と、仕上げ木材層4と、で形成される。乾式耐火被覆材は、例えば、ニチアス株式会社製で鋼管に巻き付けるタイプの耐火被覆材マキベエ(登録商標)である。本実施形態と、第一、第二実施形態の木質耐火部材1との相違点は、耐火被覆層3を構成する耐火被覆材、及び水分遮断層5の有無の2点である。他の荷重支持部2と耐火被覆層3等の接合方法等は、前述の各実施形態と同様である。本実施形態の耐火被覆層3は、巻き付け方式の乾式耐火被覆材で形成されるが、第一、第二実施形態では湿式耐火被覆材(ロックウールやセラミック系耐火被覆材)である。
巻き付け方式による乾式耐火被覆材によって耐火被覆層3を形成することで、耐火被覆材同士を継ぎ目なく、施工性良く設置することができる。また、耐火被覆層3は、短時間に、所定の層厚さを容易に形成することができ、かつ、本発明の木質耐火部材を用いた建物部位ごとに要求される多様な耐火性能(1時間耐火や2時間耐火等)を容易に確保することができる。本実施形態では、所定の厚みを有したシート状の耐火被覆材33を一重に巻き付ける。なお、耐火被覆層3は、耐火被覆材33を多重に巻き付けることにより形成してもよい。耐火被覆材33は、両端部を互いに重ね合わせた状態で、固定ピン32により荷重支持部2に固定する。本実施形態の耐火被覆材33の端部では、各耐火被覆材の厚さを部分的に薄くすることで、端部同士を重ね合わせても耐火被覆層3に段差が生じないようにした。また、固定ピン32は、図7(c)に示すように、仕上げ木材層の外表面より耐火被覆材を挟み込むように荷重支持部に向かって設けてもよい。
また、本実施形態では、荷重支持部2と耐火被覆層3との間、または耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4との間に水分遮断層5は設置されないが、第一、第二実施形態では其々、水分遮断層5は設置される。また、木質耐火部材1は、工場において荷重支持部2の外側に、耐火被覆層3、仕上げ木材層4が形成された工場製品であり、建設現場に搬入した後、所定位置に建て込んで、柱梁架構が構築される。詳細には、荷重支持部2の外周面に、シート状の乾式耐火被覆材を巻き付け方式で取り付けて、その乾式耐火被覆材の外側に、仕上げ木材層4を設置した後、仕上げ木材層4の外表面より固定ピンを挿入し、耐火被覆層3を貫通させ、荷重支持部2に固定する。または、耐火被覆層3と荷重支持部2との間、または耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4との間を接着材で接着し、木質耐火部材1を形成する。このように木質耐火部材1を全て工場で製作することで、荷重支持部2の外側に、耐火被覆層3と仕上げ木材層4を高い品質管理の元で一体化させることができるとともに、短時間で大量生産が可能となる。
<Third embodiment>
As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, the wood fire-resistant member 1 (wood fire-proof column or wood fire-resistant beam) of the third embodiment is formed of a load support portion 2 and a wrapping-type dry fire-resistant coating material. The fireproof covering layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 are formed. The dry type fireproof coating material is, for example, a fireproof coating material Makibe (registered trademark) manufactured by NICHIAS Corporation and wound around a steel pipe. The difference between the present embodiment and the wood fire-resistant member 1 of the first and second embodiments is two points, that is, the presence or absence of the fire-resistant coating material constituting the fire-resistant coating layer 3 and the moisture barrier layer 5. The joining method of the other load support portions 2 and the fireproof coating layer 3 and the like are the same as those in the above-described embodiments. The fireproof coating layer 3 of the present embodiment is formed of a wrapping type dry fireproof coating material, but is a wet fireproof coating material (rock wool or ceramic fireproof coating material) in the first and second embodiments.
By forming the fireproof coating layer 3 with a dry fireproof coating material by a winding method, the fireproof coating materials can be installed seamlessly with good workability. Moreover, the fireproof covering layer 3 can easily form a predetermined layer thickness in a short time, and various fireproof performances (1) required for each building part using the wood fireproof member of the present invention. Time fire resistance, 2-hour fire resistance, etc.) can be easily ensured. In this embodiment, the sheet-like fireproof covering material 33 having a predetermined thickness is wound in a single layer. The fireproof coating layer 3 may be formed by wrapping the fireproof coating material 33 in multiple layers. The fireproof covering material 33 is fixed to the load support portion 2 by the fixing pin 32 in a state where both ends are overlapped with each other. At the end portion of the fireproof coating material 33 of the present embodiment, the thickness of each fireproof coating material is partially reduced so that no step is generated in the fireproof coating layer 3 even when the end portions are overlapped. Moreover, as shown in FIG.7 (c), you may provide the fixing pin 32 toward a load support part so that a fireproof coating material may be inserted | pinched from the outer surface of a finishing timber layer.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although the moisture barrier layer 5 is not installed between the load support part 2 and the fireproof coating layer 3 or between the fireproof coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4, the first and second embodiments. Then, the moisture barrier layer 5 is installed, respectively. Moreover, the wooden fireproof member 1 is a factory product in which a fireproof coating layer 3 and a finished wood layer 4 are formed outside the load support portion 2 in a factory, and after being brought into a construction site, A column beam frame is constructed. Specifically, a sheet-like dry fireproof coating material is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the load support portion 2 by a wrapping method, and the finished wood layer 4 is installed on the outside of the dry fireproof coating material. A fixing pin is inserted from the outer surface, penetrates the fireproof coating layer 3, and is fixed to the load support portion 2. Alternatively, the wood fireproof member 1 is formed by bonding the fireproof coating layer 3 and the load support portion 2 or the fireproof coating layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 with an adhesive. By manufacturing all the wood fireproof members 1 at the factory in this way, the fireproof covering layer 3 and the finished wood layer 4 can be integrated on the outside of the load support portion 2 under high quality control, and in a short time. Enables mass production.

<その他の変形例>
以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが本発明は、前述の実施形態に限られず、前記の各構成要素については、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変更が可能である。
前記各実施形態では、柱または梁について説明したが、木質耐火部材1の用途は限定されるものではない。
前記実施形態では、仕上げ板材41として平板を使用したが、仕上げ板材41は平板に限定されるものではない。例えば、断面視コ字状の成形木材や断面視L字状の成形木材を組み合わせることにより仕上げ木材層4を形成してもよい。
また、耐火被覆層3を構成する材料は、板状部材であってもよい。
<Other variations>
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described constituent elements can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In each said embodiment, although the column or the beam was demonstrated, the use of the wooden fireproof member 1 is not limited.
In the said embodiment, although the flat plate was used as the finishing board material 41, the finishing board material 41 is not limited to a flat plate. For example, the finished wood layer 4 may be formed by combining molded wood having a U-shaped cross-sectional view or formed wood having an L-shaped cross-sectional view.
Moreover, the material which comprises the fireproof coating layer 3 may be a plate-shaped member.

1 木質耐火部材(木質耐火柱、木質耐火梁)
2 荷重支持部
3 耐火被覆層
4 仕上げ木材層
5 水分遮断層
1 Wood fireproof members (wood fireproof pillars, wood fireproof beams)
2 Load support 3 Fireproof coating layer 4 Finished wood layer 5 Moisture barrier layer

Claims (3)

荷重支持部と、前記荷重支持部の周囲に被覆された耐火被覆層と、前記耐火被覆層の外側に周設された仕上げ木材層と、を備える木質耐火部材であって、
前記耐火被覆層が湿式耐火被覆材からなり、
前記荷重支持部と前記耐火被覆層との間、および、前記耐火被覆層と前記仕上げ木材層との間に、水分遮断塗膜または水分遮断シートからなる水分遮断層が形成されていることを特徴とする、木質耐火部材。
A wood fireproof member comprising a load support portion, a fireproof coating layer coated around the load support portion, and a finished wood layer provided around the fireproof coating layer,
The fireproof coating layer is made of a wet fireproof coating material,
A moisture barrier layer made of a moisture barrier coating film or moisture barrier sheet is formed between the load support portion and the fireproof coating layer and between the fireproof coating layer and the finished wood layer. A wooden fireproof member.
荷重支持部と、前記荷重支持部の周囲に被覆された耐火被覆層と、前記耐火被覆層の外側に周設された仕上げ木材層と、を備える木質耐火部材であって、
前記耐火被覆層が巻き付け方式による乾式耐火被覆材からなり、
前記耐火被覆層および前記仕上げ木材層が、工場において前記荷重支持部の外側に形成されていることを特徴とする、木質耐火部材。
A wood fireproof member comprising a load support portion, a fireproof coating layer coated around the load support portion, and a finished wood layer provided around the fireproof coating layer,
The fireproof coating layer is made of a dry fireproof coating material by a winding method,
The wood fireproof member, wherein the fireproof covering layer and the finished wood layer are formed outside the load support portion in a factory.
前記仕上げ木材層の材端部には、前記荷重支持部と前記仕上げ木材層との間に設けられた前記耐火被覆層が連続して形成され、当該耐火被覆層が露出していることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の木質耐火部材。   The fireproof coating layer provided between the load support portion and the finished wood layer is continuously formed at the material end of the finished wood layer, and the fireproof coating layer is exposed. The wooden refractory member according to claim 1 or 2.
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