JP2018123930A - Spool valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce oil vibration occurring in a case where valve opening is small, without deteriorating responsiveness of a valve, increasing burden on a pump or reducing pump performance.SOLUTION: A spool valve includes: a spool chamber 12 formed in a valve body 11; a first port 13A and a second port 15 formed in the valve body 11 and opened toward the spool chamber 12; and a spool 16 equipped in the spool chamber 12, and configured to adjust a communication state between the first port and the second port. The spool 16 is configured to increase an opening area of the first port 13A with movement in a first direction a, while decreasing the opening area of the first port 13A with movement in a second direction b. For an opening shape of the first port 13A, the second direction b side is made narrower than the first direction a side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a spool valve suitable for use as a pressure regulating valve.

  A spool valve is known that opens and closes a port to adjust the pressure of hydraulic oil and adjust the flow rate by moving the spool in the axial direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-6-147305

  Incidentally, oil vibration (hydraulic vibration) may occur during pressure adjustment by the spool valve. Oil vibration is a problem that may interfere with the operation of equipment that adjusts the pressure and flow rate of hydraulic oil using a spool valve.

Such oil vibration is likely to occur when the pressure is adjusted, that is, when the valve opening is “small”.
In other words, when the valve opening is small, fluid force acts in the direction of closing the valve, and fluid force is generated and the valve moves to the closing side.As a result, when the flow rate decreases and the fluid force decreases, the valve opens to the opening side. Move. Since this operation is repeated, oil vibration occurs.

  Therefore, in order to reduce the oil vibration, the fluid force may be decreased, and in order to reduce the fluid force, the flow rate may be decreased.

  Therefore, as a measure to reduce oil vibration, a method of reducing the fluid force (flow rate) by providing a restriction (orifice) in series with the port in the oil passage (pipe) upstream of the port of the valve can be considered. Since the maximum flow rate is reduced, the responsiveness is deteriorated.

  In addition, as a measure for reducing oil vibration, it is conceivable to increase the leak amount of the valve. However, since the work amount of the oil pump increases, the pump size increases or the pump efficiency decreases.

  The present invention was devised to solve these problems, and reduces oil vibration that occurs when the valve opening is small without deteriorating the responsiveness of the valve, increasing the burden on the pump, or lowering the pump performance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spool valve that can be used.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, a spool valve according to the present invention includes a spool chamber formed in the valve body, a first port and a second port formed in the valve body and opening to the spool chamber, A spool that is provided in the spool chamber and adjusts the communication state between the first port and the second port, and the spool increases the opening area of the first port by moving in the first direction. The opening area of the first port is reduced by movement in the second direction, and the opening shape of the first port is narrowed to be smaller on the second direction side than on the first direction side. It is a feature.

(2) It is preferable that the opening width of the first port along the circumferential direction of the spool is set to be smaller than the other portion at the end portion on the second direction side.
(3) The first port includes a first hole provided on the first direction side, and a second hole provided on the second direction side, and the second hole includes the first hole. It is preferable that the opening beyond the hole is narrowed down.

  (4) The valve body includes a first body adjacent to the spool chamber, and a second body disposed outside the first body, and the first port and the second port are the first port and the second body, respectively. 1 body and the 2nd body are formed over both, The 1st hole and the 2nd hole are formed in the 1st body, and the outer surface of the wall part which divides the 1st hole and the 2nd hole Is preferably biased to the spool chamber side with respect to the outer surface of the first body so as to be separated from the inner surface of the second body.

  (5) Of the first port and the second port, one is a supply port to which hydraulic oil having a predetermined pressure is supplied, and the other is an output port that outputs hydraulic oil having a regulated control pressure, It is also preferable to be configured as a pressure regulating valve.

  According to the present invention, the opening shape of the first port is narrowed to be smaller in the second direction side than in the first direction side. On the closed side, the opening of the first port is narrowed more than that due to the spool stroke, so that the flow rate can be further reduced, the fluid force can be reduced, and the occurrence of oil vibration can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, if the spool is on the first direction side (port full open side), the opening of the first port is not restricted in this portion, so the maximum flow rate can be secured and the responsiveness of the valve is deteriorated. There is no invitation. Further, there is no increase in the load on the pump and no deterioration in the pump performance.

It is a figure which shows the spool valve which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in case a valve opening degree is large, (b) is the 1st port opening in case a valve opening degree is large. (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when the valve opening is small, and (d) is a front view of the first port opening when the valve opening is small. It is a figure which shows the spool valve which concerns on the background art shown in contrast with one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in case a valve opening degree is large, (b) is a valve opening degree large. The front view of the 1st port opening in the case, (c) is a longitudinal sectional view when the valve opening is small, (d) is a front view of the first port opening when the valve opening is small. It is a figure which shows the effect of the spool valve which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 1st example of the assembly state of the spool valve which concerns on a comparative example, (b) concerns on a comparative example. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd example of the assembly state of a spool valve, (c) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the assembly state of the spool valve which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the spool valve of the modification which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a front view of the 1st port opening in case the valve opening degree which concerns on a 1st modification is large, (b) is It is a front view of 1st port opening in case the valve opening degree which concerns on a 2nd modification is large. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an application example of a spool valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is merely an example, and there is no intention to exclude various modifications and technical applications that are not explicitly described in the following embodiment. The configurations of the following embodiments can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the spirit thereof.

[Application example of spool valve]
First, an example of a hydraulic circuit to which the spool valve 10 according to the present embodiment is applied will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the spool valve 10 is a pressure regulating valve (line pressure solenoid valve) that regulates the line pressure, and is provided in the hydraulic circuit.

  A line pressure control valve (pressure regulator valve) 3 is connected to the oil pump 1 via an oil passage 2, and the pump pressure discharged from the oil pump 1 is adjusted to a predetermined line pressure by the line pressure control valve 3. .

  In order to control the level of the line pressure by the line pressure control valve 3, this spool valve 10 is connected to the line pressure control valve 3 through the oil passage 4 as a line pressure regulating valve. A pilot valve 6 is connected to the spool valve 10 via an oil passage 5.

  The pilot valve 6 is connected to the oil passage 2 via the oil passage 7, and the line pressure adjusted by the line pressure control valve 3 is introduced into the pilot valve 6. The pilot valve 6 generates a predetermined pressure set in advance from the line pressure and outputs it to the oil passage 5. Thereby, the original pressure of the signal pressure output from the spool valve (solenoid valve) 10 is generated.

  The spool valve 10 is controlled in the energization state of the solenoid based on a control signal transmitted from a control unit (not shown), and supplies the signal pressure to the line pressure control valve 3 using the pilot pressure as a source pressure to adjust the line pressure. Control the pressure state.

  In addition, each inflow part of the hydraulic circuit is equipped with an orifice, and the inflow amount is stabilized by restricting the inflow of hydraulic oil, but this is only an example.

[Configuration of spool valve]
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the spool valve 10 includes a spool chamber 12 formed in the valve body 11, a first port 13A formed in the valve body 11 and opened to the spool chamber 12, and a second port 13A. A port 14, a third port 15, and a spool 16 provided in the spool chamber 12 are provided. In FIGS. 1A and 1C, the port through which the pilot pressure is introduced is omitted.

  The first port 13A is a supply port to which hydraulic oil having a supply pressure (predetermined pressure generated by the pilot valve 5) is supplied, and the second port 14 outputs hydraulic oil having a control pressure regulated by the spool valve 10. Output port. The third port 15 is a drain port for discharging hydraulic oil.

  The spool 16 is formed with land portions 16a and 16b spaced apart from each other in the axial direction, and a reduced diameter portion 16c having an outer diameter smaller than the land portions 16a and 16b is formed between the land portions 16a and 16b. .

  The spool 16 moves in the axial direction. When the spool 16 moves in the first axial direction (left direction in FIG. 1) a, the degree of opening (that is, the first port 13A) connects the first port 13A and the second port 14. The first port 13A and the second port 14 are communicated with each other by increasing the opening area (see FIGS. 1A and 1B) and moving in the second axial direction (rightward in FIG. 1) b. The opening degree (the opening area of the first port 13A) to be reduced is reduced (see FIGS. 1C and 1D). In FIGS. 1B and 1D and FIGS. 2B and 2D which will be described later, a dot pattern is attached to the opening so that it can be distinguished from the others.

  The opening shape of the first port 13A is narrowed smaller in the second direction b side than in the first direction a side. That is, the opening width of the first port 13A is defined as the size in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the spool 16 of the opening (that is, the circumferential direction of the spool valve 10) [in FIGS. The opening width of the first port 13A is set to be smaller at the end portion on the second direction b side than at the other portion (from the first direction a side).

  In this embodiment, the first port 13A is divided into a first hole 13a and a second hole 13b, the first hole 13a is provided on the first direction a side, and the second hole 13b is in the second direction b. On the side. The opening of the second hole 13b is narrower than that of the first hole 13a.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, when the spool 16 moves in the first direction a and the valve opening degree that connects the first port 13A and the second port 14 increases (port) Since the hydraulic oil is supplied using both the first hole 13a and the second hole 13aB, the port opening area can be increased.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D, when the spool 16 moves in the second direction b and the opening degree of the valve communicating the first port 13A and the second port 14 becomes small. The hydraulic oil is supplied using only the second hole 13b having a small opening width and a large opening area.

  Further, the outer surface of the wall portion 13c that divides the first hole 13a and the second hole 13b is biased toward the spool chamber side (that is, toward the back) from the outer surface of the valve body 11. Therefore, outside the wall 13c, a space 13f that is not partitioned by the wall 13c, that is, communicates the first hole 13a and the second hole 13b is secured.

[Action and effect]
Since the spool valve according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, the following operations and effects are achieved.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 (c) and 1 (d), when the spool 16 moves in the second direction b and the valve opening degree for communicating the first port 13A and the second port 14 becomes small, the opening is opened. Since the hydraulic oil is supplied using only the second hole 13b whose width is small and the opening area is greatly reduced, the amount of hydraulic oil flowing in is more than the reduction due to the stroke of the spool 16. The causative fluid force is reduced and the occurrence of oil vibration can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), when the spool 16 moves in the first direction a and the valve opening degree that connects the first port 13A and the second port 14 increases. Since the hydraulic fluid is supplied using the first hole 13a and the second hole 13aB having a wide opening width and a large opening area, the maximum flow rate can be ensured.

Further, since the orifice is not provided to reduce the fluid force (flow rate), the responsiveness of the valve is not deteriorated.
Furthermore, since the fluid force is not reduced by increasing the leak amount of the valve, the burden on the pump (increasing the pump melt oil) and the pump performance are not reduced.

  Further, the outer surface of the wall portion 13c that divides the first hole 13a and the second hole 13b is biased to the spool chamber side with respect to the outer surface of the valve body 11, and the first hole 13a and the outer surface of the wall portion 13c are arranged on the outer side. Since a space 13f communicating with the second hole 13b is secured, as shown in FIG. 3, the valve body 11 includes a first body (inner body) 11A adjacent to the spool chamber 12 and the first body 11A. Even in the case of a double structure having the second body (outer body) 11B arranged on the outside, an assembly error can be allowed.

  In the case of such a double structure, the first port 13A is composed of a first port inner part 13in formed in the first body 11A and a first port outer part 13out formed in the second body 11B. The port 14 includes a second port inner portion 14in formed in the first body 11A and a second port outer portion 14out formed in the second body 11B.

  When the outer surface of the wall portion 13c projects outward to the same position as the outer surface of the valve body 11 and the space 13f is not secured, the first body 11A and the second body 11B are shown in FIG. As shown, both the first hole 13a and the second hole 13b can be secured in the hydraulic oil supply flow path if assembled without being displaced in the axial direction. Therefore, the target hydraulic control of the spool valve can be achieved without hindrance.

  However, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the first body 11A and the second body 11B are assembled while being displaced in the axial direction, the first port inner portion 13in and the first port outer portion 13out are displaced. For this reason, the second hole 13b is blocked and the second hole 13b cannot be used, and a situation in which hydraulic oil is supplied only through the first hole 13a occurs. Therefore, the hydraulic control intended by the spool valve cannot be achieved without hindrance.

  On the other hand, in the present spool valve, the outer surface of the wall portion 13c is biased toward the spool chamber side with respect to the outer surface of the valve body 11, and the space 13f is secured outside the wall portion 13c. ), Even if the first body 11A and the second body 11B are assembled while being displaced in the axial direction, the second hole 13b is not blocked by the second body 11B, and the first hole 13a and The hydraulic oil is supplied without hindrance using both of the second holes 13b.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be implemented by appropriately modifying such embodiments.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the first port 13A is composed of two holes, the first hole 13a and the second hole 13b. For example, as shown in FIG. The first port 13A may be composed of a plurality of holes such that two relatively large first holes 13d1 and 13d2 are arranged side by side in the width direction and a relatively small second hole 13b is provided on the second direction b side. It is possible, and the number of holes constituting the port is not limited.

  In addition, at least the opening width of the first port 13A is set to be smaller than the other portion (the first direction a side than this) at the end portion on the second direction b side, thereby opening the first port 13A. However, it is sufficient that the second direction b side is narrower than the first direction a side. For example, the first port 13A may be constituted by a single hole.

  FIG. 4B is an example in which the first port 13A is configured from a single hole 13e. The opening width W is large on the first direction a side 13e1 of the hole 13e, and the second direction b side 13e2 of the hole 13e is The opening width W is formed small.

  In this case, since there is no wall portion 13c as compared with the above embodiment and the first modified example (see FIG. 4A), the processing step for biasing the outer surface to the spool chamber side with respect to the outer surface of the valve body 11 is performed. Can be omitted. In addition, the maximum flow rate of the first port 13A can be increased.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the structure for suppressing the oil vibration by which the port opening was restrict | squeezed smaller in the 2nd direction b side than the 1st direction a side was applied to the supply port, an output port or a drain port If there is a problem in which oil vibration occurs, it may be applied to these.
Further, the pressure regulating valve is not limited to a solenoid valve.

1 Oil pump 2, 4, 5, 7 Oil passage 3 Line pressure control valve (pressure regulator valve)
6 Pilot valve 10 Spool valve 11 Valve body 11A First body 11B Second body 12 Spool chamber 13A First port (supply port)
13a, 13d1, 13d2 First hole 13b Second hole 13e Single hole 14 Second port (output port)
15 3rd port (drain port)
16 spools

Claims (5)

A spool chamber formed in the valve body;
A first port and a second port formed in the valve body and opening into the spool chamber;
A spool that is mounted in the spool chamber and adjusts the communication state between the first port and the second port;
The spool increases the opening area of the first port by moving in the first direction, and decreases the opening area of the first port by moving in the second direction;
The opening shape of the first port is squeezed smaller on the second direction side than on the first direction side.
A spool valve characterized by that. In claim 1,
The opening width of the first port along the circumferential direction of the spool is set smaller than the other portion at the end portion on the second direction side.
A spool valve characterized by that. In claim 1,
The first port has a first hole provided on the first direction side, and a second hole provided on the second direction side,
The spool valve is characterized in that the opening of the second hole is narrowed to be smaller than the opening of the first hole. In claim 3,
The valve body has a first body adjacent to the spool chamber, and a second body disposed outside the first body,
The first port and the second port are formed over both the first body and the second body,
The first hole and the second hole are formed in the first body,
An outer surface of a wall portion that divides the first hole and the second hole is biased toward the spool chamber with respect to the outer surface of the first body so as to be separated from the inner surface of the second body. And spool valve. In any one of Claims 1-4,
One of the first port and the second port is a supply port to which hydraulic oil having a predetermined pressure is supplied, and the other is an output port that outputs hydraulic oil having a regulated control pressure,
A spool valve that is configured as a pressure regulating valve.

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