JP2018115786A - Heat extraction pipe mechanism, manufacturing method of the same, and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioner which can be used regardless of a situation of an installation location.SOLUTION: The air conditioner includes: a heat extraction pipe mechanism disposed in the ground; an air supply mechanism which supplies air from an external space to a building; a water circulation mechanism 60 which circulates water for heat exchange; and a temperature adjustment mechanism 70 which uses a heat transfer medium for temperature adjustment to adjust a temperature of the water. The heat extraction pipe mechanism includes: a pipe member 11 having a first passage for flowing air from one side to the other side; a spiral pipe 12 having a second passage for flowing ground water for heat exchange from one side to the other side; a water supply mechanism 15; and a drain mechanism 16. The temperature adjustment mechanism 70 includes: a temperature adjustment pipeline 71 installed in the ground GND; and a temperature adjustment circulation path connecting the temperature adjustment pipeline 71 with a second tank 61B. The temperature adjustment pipeline 71 is disposed near the pipe member 11, a water supply pipeline 62, and a drain pipeline 63 in a substantially horizontal direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat collecting pipe mechanism, a manufacturing method thereof, and an air conditioner.

  In recent years, air conditioners that heat and cool buildings and the like using geothermal heat with small year-round temperature fluctuations have attracted attention. An example of such an air conditioner 110 is shown in FIG. 1A. This device 110 has a heat collecting pipe mechanism 111 embedded in the ground while the pipe axis direction C111 is oriented in a substantially horizontal direction for collecting ground heat. Then, according to the apparatus 110, after air for air conditioning is taken into the heat collecting pipe mechanism 111 from one pipe end 111ea and flows through the pipe member 111, the air is supplied to the other pipe end 111a. It is taken out from 111eb. Thereby, the air is cooled in the summer and heated in the winter. The cooled or heated air is used for air conditioning of a building 120 having a large space such as an agricultural facility such as a barn, a general facility such as an apartment house or a public gymnasium, or an industrial facility such as a factory.

  By the way, the year-round temperature fluctuation in the ground changes according to the depth from the ground surface as shown in FIG. 1B. For example, the annual temperature fluctuation is large at a shallow position less than 5 m deep, but the annual temperature fluctuation is small enough to be ignored at a deep position of 5 m or more deep, and the substantially constant temperature value is the same. It almost coincides with the annual average temperature of the location. Therefore, generally, if the embedment depth of the heat collecting pipe mechanism 111 is 5 m or more, good heat exchange with the underground heat is ensured. On the other hand, when the distance is less than 5 m, the air cooling ability in summer and the air heating ability in winter are inferior compared to the case of 5 m or more.

  On the other hand, the excavation cost when the heat collecting pipe mechanism 111 is buried in the ground is high, and the cost increases as the excavation depth increases. Therefore, there is a desire to make the embedment depth of the pipe member 111 as shallow as possible. In order to meet such demands, an air conditioner has been proposed that makes it possible to simultaneously improve the cooling capacity in summer and the warming capacity in winter and reduce the excavation cost (for example, Patent Document 1).

  The air conditioner described in Patent Document 1 uses a heat collecting pipe mechanism 111 a as shown in FIG. 1C instead of the heat collecting pipe mechanism 111. The heat collecting pipe mechanism 111a includes a tubular body 111aa having a hollow portion Xa through which air passes, and a water channel 111aw arranged in a spiral shape in the peripheral portion of the tubular body 111aa. Further, at both ends of the water channel 111aw, a water supply pipe for supplying water for heat exchange and a drain pipe for draining the water are provided. As the water supply pipe and the drain pipe, as shown in FIG. 1D, the tubular body 111aa A joint structure 111aj penetrating from the inner peripheral surface toward the water channel 111aw is provided. If water is allowed to flow through the water channel 111aw from one pipe end 111aea of the pipe member 111a to the other pipe end 111aeb, the pipe member 111a is placed at a shallow depth of less than 5 m in the ground. Heat exchange with the water flowing from the one pipe end portion 111 aea to the other pipe end portion 111 aeb for the decrease in the summer cooling capacity of the geothermal heat and the decrease in the warming capacity in winter that can occur when buried. Can be supplemented by.

  Here, as the water for heat exchange flowing through the water passage 111a, groundwater having a substantially constant temperature can be used to compensate for the lack of air cooling ability in summer and the lack of air heating ability in winter.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-212606

  However, when there is no sufficient amount of groundwater or when water intake restrictions are imposed, it is not always possible to secure a sufficient amount of groundwater at the place where the geothermal air conditioning system is installed.

  In view of such a situation, the present invention intends to provide an air conditioner that can be used regardless of the installation location.

  The heat collecting pipe mechanism of the present invention includes a first pipe member having a first flow path for flowing a first substance from one side to the other, a first pipe member formed on the first pipe member, and a second substance flowing from the one side to the other. A second pipe member having two flow paths, a second material circulation mechanism for circulating the second substance in a second substance circulation path including the second flow path, and the second substance circulation path in the second substance circulation path. A second material temperature adjusting mechanism for adjusting temperature, and a heat collecting tube for exchanging heat between the first material and the second material via the second tube member and the first tube member. A second material temperature adjusting mechanism comprising: a third pipe member forming a third material circulation path through which the third substance circulates; a pump for circulating the third substance in the third pipe member; A heat exchanging section that exchanges heat between the second material circulation path and the third material circulation path. And wherein the Rukoto.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the air conditioner which can be utilized irrespective of the situation of an installation place can be provided.

It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the conventional air conditioning apparatus. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the depth from the surface of the earth, and the temperature in the ground according to the month. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the conventional pipe member for heat collection. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the conventional pipe member for heat collection. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of an air conditioning apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of an air conditioning apparatus. It is a connection diagram which shows the outline | summary of an air conditioner. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the piping distribute | arranged in the ground.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioner 2 includes a heat collection pipe mechanism 10 disposed in the underground GND, a first duct mechanism 20 that communicates the external space GX and the heat collection pipe mechanism 10, and a heat collection apparatus. A second duct mechanism 30 that communicates the pipe mechanism 10 and the building 120, an air supply mechanism 50 that supplies air from the external space GX to the building 120, and a water circulation mechanism 60 that circulates water for heat exchange are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 has a pipe member 11 having a first flow path 11 </ b> X that flows air (first substance) from one side to the other, and flows groundwater for heat exchange from one side to the other. And a spiral tube 12 having a second flow path (not shown). The tube member 11 and the spiral tube 12 are preferably integrated.

  The pipe member 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction in the underground GND. When a plurality of tube members 11 are used as the heat collecting tube mechanism 10, the tube members 11 are arranged so that the openings at the ends of the first flow paths 11 </ b> X of the adjacent tube members 11 face each other. The spiral tube 12 extends spirally around the tube axis direction C1 of the heat collecting tube mechanism 10 and protrudes outward on the outer peripheral surface 11G of the tube member 11.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 further includes a water supply mechanism 15 provided at one open end of the second flow path, and a drainage provided at the other open end of the second flow path. And a mechanism 16.

  The air supply mechanism 50 includes a pump provided in the duct mechanism 20, various sensors provided in the duct mechanism 20, and a controller connected to each part. The controller reads sensing signals from various sensors and controls various pumps. From the air supply mechanism 50, the air in the external space can be sent to the underground heat collecting pipe mechanism 10, and the heat exchanged in the ground can be sent to the building 120.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the water circulation mechanism 60 includes a tank unit 61 that stores water, a water supply pipe 62 for sending water from the tank unit 61 to the water supply mechanism 15, and water from the drainage mechanism 16 to the tank unit 61. Drainage pipe 63, pump 64 </ b> P provided in water supply pipe 62, valve 64 </ b> B provided in each of pipes 62 to 63, various sensors 64 </ b> S provided in each part, controller for controlling each part, Is provided.

  Under the control of the controller, the water circulation mechanism 60 circulates water to the tank unit 61, the water supply pipe 62, the water supply mechanism 15, the second pipe 12, the drainage mechanism 16, the drainage pipe 63, and the tank unit 61.

  The tank unit 61 includes a first tank 61A, a second tank 61B, and a communication pipe 61P that communicates the first tank 61A and the second tank 61B. The communication pipe 61P opens to a relatively high position of the second tank 61B, and functions as an overflow circuit in which the water of the second tank 61B flows to the first tank 61A when the water level of the second tank 61B increases.

  By the control of the valve 64B by the controller, the tank unit 61 sends out the water stored in the first tank 61A toward the water supply pipe 62, and sends out the water stored in the second tank 61B toward the water supply pipe 62. Can be switched between. Similarly, under the control of the controller, the tank unit 61 is between the state in which the water from the drain pipe 63 is stored in the first tank 61A and the state in which the water from the drain pipe 63 is stored in the second tank 61B. It becomes switchable with.

  Further, the air conditioner 2 includes a temperature adjustment mechanism 70 for adjusting the temperature of water using a temperature control heat transfer medium.

The temperature control mechanism 70 includes a temperature control pipe 71 installed in the underground GND, a temperature control side feed pipe 72 that sends a temperature control heat transfer medium from the second tank 61B to the temperature control pipe 71, and a temperature control pipe 71 A temperature adjustment side return pipe 73 for returning the temperature control heat transfer medium to the two tanks 61B, and a valve 74B and a pump 74P provided in the temperature adjustment side feed pipe 72 are provided. The temperature control pipe 71 is preferably arranged in a substantially horizontal direction in the vicinity of the pipe member 11, the water supply pipe 62 and the drain pipe 63. Further, the interval from the pipe member 11, the spiral pipe 12, the water supply pipe 62 or the drainage pipe 63 to the temperature control pipe 71 is not affected by the heat from the pipe member 11, the spiral pipe 12, the water supply pipe 62 or the drainage pipe 63. It is preferable that they are far apart. In addition, as the installation depth of the temperature control piping 71, it is preferable to satisfy | fill at least 1 of the following conditions using the reference value Tm (FIG. 1B) similarly to the case of the pipe member 11 and the spiral pipe 12. FIG.
(Condition 1) When the temperature of the ground surface is higher than the reference value Tm, the temperature should be lower than the reference value Tm.
(Condition 2) When the temperature of the ground surface is lower than the reference value Tm, the temperature is higher than the reference value Tm.
Here, the reference value Tm is an underground temperature (FIG. 1B) that is substantially constant throughout the year. Further, the case of summer may be considered as “when the temperature of the ground surface is higher than the reference value Tm”. Similarly, the case of winter may be considered as “when the temperature of the ground surface is lower than the reference value Tm”.
And as installation depth of the temperature control piping 71, it is preferable that it is the position of the lower half of the pipe member 11, and when the actual construction cost is considered, as installation depth of the temperature control piping 71, desired temperature is set. It is sufficient that the difference is obtained. For example, the depth is preferably 1.5 m or more and 4 m or less, and more preferably 2 m or more and 3 m or less.

  Here, as a material of the pipe member 11, the spiral pipe 12, the water supply pipe 62, the drain pipe 63, the temperature control pipe 71, the feed pipe 72 and the return pipe 73, metal, synthetic resin, or the like can be used. It is preferable to use a synthetic resin. Among the synthetic resins, polyethylene or the like is preferably used, and among them, high density polyethylene is preferably used.

  As described above, the temperature adjusting mechanism 70 circulates the temperature control heat transfer medium to the second tank 61B, the feed pipe 72, the return pipe 73, and the second tank 61B by the control of the pump 74P and the valve 74B by the controller. .

  In addition, the air conditioner 2 includes a heating mechanism 80 for heating water.

  The heating mechanism 80 includes a heating tank 81 in which a heat transfer medium is stored, a heating feed pipe 82 that sends water from the first tank 61A to the heating tank 81, and water from the heating tank 81 to the first tank 61A. A heating return pipe 83, a pump 84 </ b> P provided in the heating feed pipe 82, a heater 84 </ b> H provided in the heating feed pipe 82 for heating water, and the heating tank 81. A heat exchanger 86 disposed therein. The heat exchanger 86 may be omitted.

  Water or the like can be used as the heat transfer medium.

  Under the control of the pump 84P by the controller, the heating mechanism 80 circulates water to the first tank 61A, the heating feed pipe 82, the heating return pipe 83, and the first tank 61A.

  Next, a method for using the air conditioner 2 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, under the control of the controller, the water circulation mechanism 60 supplies water to the tank unit 61, the water supply pipe 62, the water supply mechanism 15, the spiral pipe 12, the drainage mechanism 16, the drainage pipe 63, and the tank unit 61. Circulate.

  The air supply mechanism 50 sends the air in the external space to the building 120 via the first flow path 11X (FIG. 2) of the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10. By the water circulation mechanism 60 and the air supply mechanism 50, the air passing through the first flow path 11 </ b> X undergoes heat exchange between the ground GND around the tube member 11 and the water passing through the second flow path. As a result, heat exchange can be efficiently performed between the underground GND, water, and air passing through the first flow path 11X.

  By the way, when the temperature of the ground surface is higher than the temperature of the ground (for example, summer), if the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 is continuously operated for a certain period, the temperature of the water flowing through the circulation path including the spiral pipe 12 gradually increases. I will do it. In this case, an increase in the temperature of the water flowing through the circulation path leads to a decrease in the cooling efficiency of the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10.

  Here, when the controller reads the temperature sensor provided in the tank unit 61 and detects that the water temperature in the tank unit 61 is out of the predetermined range, the temperature adjustment mechanism 70 controls the second tank under the control of the controller. Water is circulated in the temperature control circulation path via 61B and the temperature control pipe 71. When water passes through the temperature control pipe 71, heat exchange is performed between the water and the underground GND via the temperature control pipe 71. By this heat exchange, the water is cooled and returned to the second tank 61B. As a result, the water circulation mechanism 60 can circulate the cooled water in the circulation path including the spiral tube 12. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in cooling efficiency due to an increase in water temperature.

  Similarly, when the temperature of the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 is continuously operated for a certain period when the temperature of the ground surface is lower than the temperature of the ground (for example, in winter), the temperature of the water flowing through the circulation path including the spiral pipe 12 gradually increases. It goes down. In this case, a decrease in the temperature of the water flowing through the circulation path leads to a decrease in the heating efficiency of the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10.

  Here, when the controller reads the temperature sensor provided in the tank unit 61 and detects that the water temperature in the tank unit 61 is lower than a predetermined range, the temperature mechanism 80 controls the first tank under the control of the controller. Water is circulated in the heating circulation path via 61A and the heating tank 81. When water passes through the heater 85H, the water is heated and returns to the first tank 61A. As a result, the water circulation mechanism 60 can circulate the heated water in the circulation path including the spiral tube 12. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in heating efficiency due to a decrease in water temperature.

  In addition, when the surface temperature is higher than the underground temperature (for example, summer), the following control may be performed. When the controller reads the temperature sensor provided in the second tank 62A and detects that the water temperature in the second tank 62A is higher than a predetermined range, the water circulation mechanism 60 uses the first circulation path via the first tank 61A. When the controller reads the temperature sensor provided in the first tank 61A and detects that the water temperature in the first tank 61A is higher than the predetermined range, the water circulation mechanism 60 causes the second tank 62A to circulate. You may circulate water in the 2nd circulation path via. Further, when the controller reads the temperature sensor provided in the first tank 61A and the temperature sensor provided in the second tank 62A and detects that one of the water temperatures is low, it is detected that the water temperature is low. You may circulate the water. Alternatively, water circulation in the first circulation path and water circulation in the second circulation path may be alternately performed at a predetermined timing.

  In the above-described embodiment, whether or not to circulate water in the temperature control circulation path by the temperature adjustment mechanism 70 is performed based on the detected water temperature, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the underground heat utilization air conditioner 2 is used. The water may be circulated in the temperature control circulation path following the above operation.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the temperature control circulation path containing the 2nd tank 61B was formed, this invention is not limited to this, The temperature control circulation path containing the 1st tank 61A is formed together, and two types are formed. The temperature control circulation path may be switched as appropriate. For example, while the water circulation mechanism 60 circulates water in the first circulation path, the temperature adjustment mechanism 70 circulates water in the temperature adjustment circulation path including the second tank 61 </ b> B and the temperature adjustment pipe 72, while the water circulation mechanism 60. While circulating water in the second circulation path, the temperature adjustment mechanism 70 may circulate water in a temperature adjustment circulation path including the first tank 61A and the temperature adjustment pipe 72.

In the above embodiment, the water flowing through the circulation path by the water circulation mechanism 60 and the water flowing through the temperature adjustment circulation path by the temperature adjustment mechanism 70 are merged in the second tank 61B, but the present invention is not limited to this. As the temperature control circulation path, a heat exchanger provided in the second tank 61B may be provided without including the second tank 61B. This
Water flowing through the circulation path by the water circulation mechanism 60 and the temperature adjustment heat transfer medium flowing through the temperature adjustment circulation path by the temperature adjustment mechanism 70 may be separate substances.

  In the above embodiment, the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 is arranged in the ground GND, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 may be arranged on the ground. When the heat collecting pipe mechanism 10 is arranged on the ground, an enclosure member that covers the pipe unit in which the pipe member 11 and the spiral pipe 12 are integrated, and a filler that fills a gap between the pipe unit and the enclosure member. And preferably. Moreover, it is preferable that thermal conductivity becomes high in order of an enclosure member, a filler, and a pipe unit. The enclosing member has a three-layer structure, and preferably includes a heat insulating layer, an outer layer located outside the heat insulating layer, and an inner layer located inside the heat insulating layer. The heat insulating layer is made of rigid urethane foam (rigid polyurethane foam), and its thermal conductivity is lower than that of the filler and the tube unit. The outer layer is a steel plate and the inner layer is an aluminum sheet. As the filler, water, sand (river sand, mountain sand, quartz sand, etc.), soil or the like may be used. When using sand, it is preferable to use water-containing sand for the purpose of increasing the thermal conductivity. Furthermore, for the purpose of increasing the thermal conductivity, a granular material composed of at least one of silicon oxide, alumina, and blast furnace slag may be mixed at a volume content of 1 to 20% with respect to sand or earth. .

  In the above embodiment, the spiral second flow path 12X is provided around the tube member 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a straight second flow path 12X may be provided around the tube member 11. Good.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

2 Air conditioner 10 Heat collection pipe mechanism 15 Water supply mechanism 16 Drainage mechanism 20 First duct mechanism 30 Second duct mechanism 50 Air supply mechanism 60 Water circulation mechanism 70 Temperature adjustment mechanism 80 Heating mechanism

Claims (4)

A first pipe member having a first flow path for flowing a first substance from one to the other;
A second pipe member formed in the first pipe member and having a second flow path for flowing a second substance from one to the other;
A second material circulation mechanism for circulating the second material in a second material circulation path including the second flow path;
A second substance temperature adjustment mechanism for adjusting the temperature of the second substance in the second substance circulation path,
A heat collecting pipe mechanism for performing heat exchange between the first substance and the second substance via the second pipe member and the first pipe member;
The second substance temperature adjusting mechanism includes:
A third pipe member forming a third material circulation path through which the third material circulates;
A pump for circulating the third substance in the third pipe member;
A heat collecting pipe mechanism, comprising: a heat exchanging portion that exchanges heat between the second material circulation path and the third material circulation path.   The third pipe member is disposed in the ground at a position substantially the same depth as the first pipe member or the second pipe member, or at a position deeper than the first pipe member or the second pipe member. The heat collecting pipe mechanism according to claim 1.   The heat collection according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second material circulation path and the third material circulation path have a common flow path, and the common flow path also serves as the heat exchange section. Pipe mechanism. 4. The heat collecting pipe mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the heat exchange part is provided with a tank in which the second substance and the third substance are accommodated.

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