JP2018109496A - Heliostat and driving device to drive panel of heliostat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving device capable of reducing the torque in rotating a panel of a heliostat.SOLUTION: A driving device 32 to drive a panel 37 of a heliostat 30 includes a second axis driving portion 34 for rotating the panel 37 around a second axis A2 non-parallel to a first axis A1 around which the panel is turned with respect to a horizontal plane. The second axis A2 of the second axis driving portion 34 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a panel surface of the panel 37. Thereby, at least part of a torque required to rotate the panel 37 being at the vertical position about the second axis A2 is in the same direction as a component of the gravity g, and thus an allowable torque (maximum torque) of the second axis driving portion 34 can be reduced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heliostat including a panel and a driving device that drives the panel. The present invention also relates to a drive device for driving a panel of a heliostat.

  Systems using sunlight, such as solar thermal power generation systems and solar power generation systems, are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a solar thermal power generation system including a plurality of heliostats and a power generation device. Each of the plurality of heliostats reflects sunlight toward a portion for transferring heat to a heat medium such as a receiver of a power generation device. The power generation apparatus heats a heat medium using sunlight reflected by a plurality of heliostats to generate steam, and generates power using the power of the steam.

  A heliostat is provided with the panel containing reflection members, such as a mirror which reflects sunlight, and the drive device which drives a panel, for example. The driving device controls the posture of the panel so that the sunlight reflected by the panel is directed to the receiver. For example, in Patent Document 1, the drive device includes a turning means for turning the panel in the horizontal direction and a raising / lowering means for raising and lowering the panel in the vertical direction.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-105791

  In the solar thermal power generation system described in Patent Document 1, the elevation means controls the tilt angle of the panel with respect to the horizontal plane by rotating the panel around the elevation shaft member extending in the horizontal direction along the panel. When a panel in a state orthogonal to the horizontal plane is transitioned to a state parallel to the horizontal plane, the elevation means temporarily drives the panel in a direction opposite to the gravity acting on the panel. For this reason, the allowable torque (maximum torque) of the lifting / lowering means increases, and as a result, the components of the lifting / lowering means such as a reduction gear and a motor increase in size.

  An object of this invention is to provide the heliostat and drive device which can solve such a subject effectively.

  The present invention relates to a driving device for driving a panel of a heliostat, wherein the panel is rotated around a second axis that is non-parallel to a first axis that rotates the panel with respect to a horizontal plane. And the second axis of the second axis driving unit is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the panel surface of the panel.

  The drive device according to the present invention is preferably capable of causing the panel to reach a horizontal position where the panel surface is substantially parallel to a horizontal plane.

  The drive device according to the present invention is preferably capable of causing the panel to reach a vertical position where the panel surface is substantially orthogonal to a horizontal plane.

  In the driving apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second shaft driving unit causes the panel to reach the vertical position from the horizontal position by rotating the panel in the first direction around the second axis. And the panel can reach the horizontal position from the vertical position.

  In the driving apparatus according to the present invention, the second axis of the second axis driving unit may be inclined at an angle of 35 ° or more and 55 ° or less with respect to the panel surface of the panel.

  In the driving device according to the present invention, the angle formed by the second axis with respect to the horizontal plane may be not less than 125 ° and not more than 145 °.

  In the driving device according to the present invention, the extension line of the second axis may intersect the center of gravity region of the panel.

In the drive device according to the present invention, the second shaft drive unit may include a second shaft motor having an output shaft, and a second shaft speed reducer coupled to the output shaft of the second shaft motor. Good.
In this case, the allowable torque of the second axis reduction gear of the second axis driving unit is smaller than the allowable torque of the first axis reduction unit of the first axis driving unit that rotates the panel around the first axis. May be.
The diameter of the second shaft speed reducer of the second shaft drive unit may be smaller than the diameter of the first shaft speed reducer of the first shaft drive unit that rotates the panel around the first axis. .
The second axis motor may be located on the opposite side of the panel with respect to the intersection of the first axis and the second axis.
In addition, the center of gravity of the second shaft reducer may be located on the opposite side of the panel with respect to the intersection of the first axis and the second axis.
Further, the mounting surface on the output side of the second shaft reducer may be located on the opposite side of the panel with respect to the intersection of the first shaft and the second shaft.

The driving device according to the present invention may further include a support portion that is connected to the second shaft driving portion on one side and connected to the panel on the other side.
In this case, the support part is connected to the second shaft driving part, and is connected to the first support member parallel to the second axis and the first support member, and is inclined with respect to the second axis. And a second support member.

  In the driving apparatus according to the present invention, the panel may include a reflecting member that reflects sunlight.

  In the driving device according to the present invention, the panel may include a solar cell.

  The present invention is connected to a panel, a first axis driving unit that rotates the panel about a first axis to rotate the panel with respect to a horizontal plane, the first axis driving unit, and the first axis driving unit. A second axis driving unit that rotates the panel around a second axis that is non-parallel to the axis, and the second axis of the second axis driving unit is predetermined with respect to the panel surface of the panel It is a heliostat inclined at an angle of.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the allowable torque (maximum torque) of the second shaft drive unit that can control the tilt angle of the panel with respect to the horizontal plane.

It is a perspective view which shows the heliostat which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the heliostat in the state which has a panel surface in a vertical position. It is a side view which shows the heliostat of the state rotated 90 degrees centering on the 2nd axis | shaft from the state shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows the heliostat in the state which has a panel surface in a horizontal position. It is the figure which projected the 2nd axis | shaft drive part and panel of the heliostat of the state shown in FIG. 2 on the orthogonal plane. It is the figure which projected the 2nd axis | shaft drive part and panel of the heliostat of the state shown in FIG. 3 on the orthogonal plane. It is the figure which projected the 2nd axis | shaft drive part and panel of the heliostat of the state shown in FIG. 4 on the orthogonal plane. It is a side view which shows the heliostat which concerns on the form of a comparison. It is a side view which shows the heliostat which concerns on a 1st modification. It is a side view which shows the heliostat which concerns on a 2nd modification. It is a side view which shows the heliostat which concerns on a 3rd modification. It is a side view which shows the heliostat which concerns on a 4th modification.

  Hereinafter, a heliostat and a drive device according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, embodiment shown below is an example of embodiment of this invention, This invention is limited to these embodiment, and is not interpreted. In the drawings referred to in this embodiment, the same portions or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference symbols or similar reference symbols, and repeated description thereof may be omitted. In addition, the dimensional ratio in the drawing may be different from the actual ratio for convenience of description, and a part of the configuration may be omitted from the drawing.

Heliostat FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a heliostat 30 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the heliostat 30. In the present embodiment, the heliostat 30 is configured to reflect sunlight toward an object such as a power generation device.

  The heliostat 30 includes a column 31, a driving device 32, and a panel 37. The column 31 is a member that is fixed to the ground G and extends in the vertical direction. A driving device 32 is connected to the upper end of the column 31. The column 31 may include a hollow member having a gap inside. In this case, wiring connected to the driving device 32 may be arranged in the gap inside the support column 31. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the influence of the external environment from affecting the wiring, thereby improving the reliability of the wiring.

  The driving device 32 drives the panel 37. The drive device 32 includes a first shaft drive unit 33, a second shaft drive unit 34, a fixed unit 35, and a support unit 36. The panel 37 includes a reflecting member 371 that reflects sunlight. The reflection member 371 is, for example, a mirror. The drive device 32 is required to control the posture of the panel 37 with high accuracy so that the reflected sunlight is directed toward the object.

  Hereinafter, each component of the drive device 32 will be described.

  The first axis driving unit 33 rotates the panel 37 around the first axis A1. The first axis A1 is, for example, an axis that is orthogonal to the horizontal direction. In this case, the panel 37 can be rotated with respect to the horizontal plane by rotating the panel 37 around the first axis A1. In the present embodiment, the first axis A1 is parallel to the column 31.

  The first shaft drive unit 33 includes, for example, a first shaft motor 331 and a first shaft speed reducer 332 connected to the output shaft of the first shaft motor 331. The structure of the first shaft speed reducer 332 is arbitrary. For example, as the first shaft speed reducer 332, a planetary gear speed reducer, an eccentric peristaltic speed reducer, a worm speed reducer, or the like can be used.

  The second axis drive unit 34 rotates the panel 37 around the second axis A2 that is non-parallel to the first axis A1 of the first axis drive unit 33. “Non-parallel” means that the angle θ1 (see FIG. 2) formed by the first axis A1 and the second axis A2 is an angle other than 0 ° and 180 °.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second axis A <b> 2 of the second axis driving unit 34 is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle θ <b> 2 with respect to the panel surface of the panel 37. “Inclination” means that the inclination angle θ2 is other than 0 °, 90 °, and 180 °. When the panel 37 is rotated once around the second axis A2, the center of gravity 373 of the panel 37 is a circle having a radius s centered on the second axis A2 in a plane orthogonal to the second axis A2 and passing through the center of gravity 373. Draw a trajectory. The radius s is a distance between the second axis A2 and the center of gravity 373 in a plane orthogonal to the second axis A2 and passing through the center of gravity 373.

  The second shaft drive unit 34 includes, for example, a second shaft motor 341 having an output shaft, and a second shaft speed reducer 342 connected to the output shaft of the second shaft motor 341. Similar to the first shaft reducer 332, the structure of the second shaft reducer 342 is arbitrary. For example, as the second shaft reducer 342, a planetary gear reducer, an eccentric peristaltic reducer, a worm reducer, or the like can be used.

  The fixing unit 35 is a member that fixes the second shaft driving unit 34 to the first shaft driving unit 33. As long as the angle θ1 formed by the first axis A1 and the second axis A2 can be maintained at a predetermined value, the specific configuration of the fixing portion 35 is not particularly limited.

  The support part 36 is a member that is connected to the second shaft drive part 34 on one side and to the panel 37 on the other side. For example, the support part 36 is connected to the second shaft drive part 34, and is connected to the first support member 361 parallel to the second axis A2 and the first support member 361, and inclined with respect to the second axis A2. And a second support member 362. In the present embodiment, the second support member 362 extends in the horizontal direction.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the end portion of the second support member 362 is connected to the panel 37. However, although not shown, other components of the support portion 36 such as a torque tube may be interposed between the end portion of the second support member 362 and the panel 37. For example, the torque tube is attached to the panel 37 so as to extend parallel to the panel 37.

  Next, the positional relationship of each component of the drive device 32 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each component of the drive device 32 is preferably configured such that the panel 37 can reach a vertical position where the panel surface is substantially orthogonal to the horizontal plane. Each component of the drive device 32 is preferably configured so that the panel 37 can reach a horizontal position where the panel surface is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane, as shown in FIG. “Substantially orthogonal” means that an angle formed by a horizontal plane H (see FIG. 2) such as the ground G and the panel surface of the panel 37 is 80 ° or more and 100 ° or less. Further, “substantially parallel” means that the angle formed by the horizontal plane H and the panel surface of the panel 37 is −10 ° to 10 °.

The vertical position is, for example, the position of the panel 37 when the altitude of the sun is low. Further, when cleaning the panel 37, the panel 37 may be positioned in a vertical position.
The horizontal position is, for example, the position of the panel 37 when the altitude of the sun is high. Further, the panel 37 may be positioned at a horizontal position in order to reduce a load applied to the panel during a strong wind.

  An example of a method for realizing the above-described vertical position and horizontal position includes an inclination angle θ2 formed by the second axis A2 with respect to the panel surface of the panel 37, and an angle θ3 formed by the second axis A2 with respect to the horizontal plane H ( (See FIG. 2). For example, the inclination angle θ2 is set to 35 ° to 55 °, and the angle θ3 is set to 125 ° to 145 °. Thus, the vertical position and the horizontal position of the panel 37 can be realized by the second axis driving unit 34 rotating the panel 37 around the second axis A2. In this case, the second axis drive unit 34 can arbitrarily control the tilt angle of the panel 37 with respect to the horizontal plane H between the vertical position and the horizontal position.

  3 is a side view showing a state in which the panel 37 is located at an intermediate position between the vertical position shown in FIG. 2 and the horizontal position shown in FIG. For example, when the panel 37 shown in FIG. 2 is rotated by 90 ° in the first direction around the second axis A2, the state shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. Further, when the panel 37 shown in FIG. 3 is rotated by 90 ° in the first direction R1 about the second axis A2, the state shown in FIG. 4 is obtained.

The method of heliostats Next, an example of a control method of the heliostats 30, will be described with reference to FIGS. 2-7. Here, an example in which the panel 37 is driven from the vertical position shown in FIG. 2 to the horizontal position shown in FIG. 4 through the intermediate position shown in FIG. 3 will be described.

  In FIG. 2, the symbol J represents a plane orthogonal to the second axis (hereinafter also referred to as an orthogonal plane). The symbol g represents the gravity acting on the panel 37. The symbol g1 represents a component parallel to the orthogonal plane J of the gravity g, and the symbol g2 represents a component orthogonal to the orthogonal plane J of the gravity g, that is, a component parallel to the second axis A2. In the present embodiment, the second axis A2 of the second axis drive unit 34 is inclined with respect to the first axis A1 of the first axis drive unit 33. For example, the angle θ1 formed by the first axis A1 and the second axis A2 is 125 ° or more and 145 ° or less. Thereby, the component g1 parallel to the orthogonal plane J of the gravity g can be made smaller than the gravity g.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram in which the second axis drive unit 34 and the panel 37 of the heliostat 30 in the state shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, reference symbols E <b> 1 to E <b> 4 each represent a corner portion of the rectangular panel 37. Symbols F1 to F4 respectively represent forces required at the corners E1 to E4 to rotate the panel 37 in the first direction R1 about the second axis A2. As shown in FIG. 5, the forces F1 and F2 have components in the direction against the component g1 of the gravity g, and the forces F3 and F4 have components in a direction that matches the component g1 of the gravity g. For this reason, compared with the case where the direction of all the force F1-F4 opposes the component g1 of gravity g, the force required in order to rotate the panel 37 to the 1st direction R1 becomes small. Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 2, the second shaft drive unit 34 can rotate the panel 37 in the first direction R1 with a small torque.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which the panel 37 in the state shown in FIG. 5 is rotated by 90 ° in the first direction R1 about the second axis A2. FIG. 6 is also a diagram in which the panel 37 positioned at the intermediate position shown in FIG. Also in the state illustrated in FIG. 6, as in the state illustrated in FIG. 5, the forces F <b> 1 to F <b> 4 include both a component that opposes the component g <b> 1 of gravity g and a component that matches the component g <b> 1 of gravity g.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which the panel 37 in the state shown in FIG. 6 is rotated by 90 ° in the first direction R1 about the second axis A2. FIG. 7 is also a diagram in which the panel 37 located at the intermediate position shown in FIG. Also in the state illustrated in FIG. 7, as in the state illustrated in FIG. 5, the forces F <b> 1 to F <b> 4 include both a component that opposes the component g <b> 1 of gravity g and a component that matches the component g <b> 1 of gravity g.

Effect of Heliostat According to the Present Embodiment According to the present embodiment, the second axis A2 of the second axis drive unit 34 for controlling the tilt angle of the panel 37 with respect to the horizontal plane H is predetermined with respect to the panel 37. Is inclined at an inclination angle θ2. For this reason, the torque required to rotate the panel 37 around the second axis A2 includes both a component against gravity and a component that matches gravity. For this reason, compared with the case where the panel is rotated around an axis extending in the horizontal direction along the panel as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the allowable torque (second shaft driving unit 34) required for the rotation of the panel 37 ( (Maximum torque) can be reduced. For example, the allowable torque of the second shaft speed reducer 342 of the second shaft drive unit 34 can be made smaller than the allowable torque of the first shaft speed reducer 332 of the first shaft drive unit 33. Thereby, the components of the second shaft drive unit 34 such as the second shaft speed reducer 342 and the second shaft motor 341 can be reduced in size. For example, the diameter of the second shaft speed reducer 342 of the second shaft drive unit 34 can be made smaller than the diameter of the first shaft speed reducer 332 of the first shaft drive unit 33.

  Hereinafter, the effect of the heliostat 30 according to the present embodiment will be described based on a comparison with the heliostat 130 according to the comparative embodiment. The heliostat 130 shown in FIG. 8 includes a drive unit 138 for rotating the panel 37 about an axis A3 extending in the horizontal direction along the panel 37 as in the above-described Patent Document 1. In this case, the direction of the force F required to rotate the panel 37 positioned at the vertical position shown in FIG. 8 is a direction against the gravity g acting on the panel 37. For this reason, in the comparative form, the torque required to rotate the panel 37 in the vertical position is large, and as a result, the allowable torque (maximum torque) of the drive unit 138 increases.

  On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, since at least part of the torque required when rotating the panel 37 in the vertical position around the second axis A2 coincides with the component of gravity g, the second The allowable torque (maximum torque) of the shaft drive unit 34 can be reduced.

  Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, the second shaft drive unit 34 and the panel 37 are arranged so that the intersection point P <b> 2 between the extension line of the second axis A <b> 2 and the panel 37 is located in the center of gravity region 372. As a result, the allowable torque (maximum torque) of the second shaft drive unit 34 required for the rotation of the panel 37 can be further reduced. The “center of gravity region” is a region inside a circle with a radius r centered on the center of gravity 373 of the panel 37. The radius r is set so that the area of the circle having the radius r is 1/10 of the area of the panel surface of the panel 37.

  Preferably, the second axis driving unit 34 can cause the panel 37 to reach the vertical position from the horizontal position by rotating the panel 37 in the first direction R1 around the second axis A2, and The panel is configured to reach the horizontal position from the vertical position. In other words, the second axis drive unit 34 is configured to be able to rotate the panel 37 through 360 ° around the second axis A2.

  Note that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment.

  In the above-described embodiment, the support portion 36 located between the second shaft drive portion 34 and the panel 37 is connected to the second shaft A2 in addition to the first support member 361 extending parallel to the second shaft A2. The example which has the 2nd supporting member 362 which inclines with respect to was shown. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the second support member 362 may not be provided between the first support member 361 and the panel 37. For example, the first support member 361 may be connected to the panel 37. Thereby, the intersection point P2 between the extension line of the second axis A2 and the panel 37 can be easily brought close to the center of gravity 373 of the panel 37. Further, the distance from the panel 37 to the first axis A1 can be shortened.

Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the 2nd axis drive part 34 showed the example located in the same side as the panel 37 with respect to the intersection P1 of 1st axis | shaft A1 and 2nd axis | shaft A2. However, although not shown, the second axis drive unit 34 may be located at least partially on the opposite side of the panel 37 with respect to the intersection point P1 of the first axis A1 and the second axis A2.
For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the second axis motor 341 may be located on the opposite side of the panel 37 with respect to the intersection point P1 of the first axis A1 and the second axis A2.
As shown in FIG. 11, the center of gravity 344 of the second shaft speed reducer 342 may be located on the side opposite to the panel 37 with respect to the intersection point P1 of the first axis A1 and the second axis A2. .
As shown in FIG. 12, the output side mounting surface 343 of the second shaft speed reducer 342 is located on the opposite side of the panel 37 with respect to the intersection point P1 of the first axis A1 and the second axis A2. It may be.

Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the reflection member 371 of the panel 37 showed the example which reflects sunlight toward a power generator. That is, the solar power generation system including the plurality of heliostats 30 is a solar thermal power generation system. However, the use of the solar light utilization system including the plurality of heliostats 30 is not limited to the solar thermal power generation system.
For example, the sunlight utilization system may be a system that purifies distilled water using the heat of sunlight reflected by the plurality of heliostats 30.
Further, the solar light utilization system may be a solar power generation system. In this case, the panel 37 of the heliostat 30 includes a solar cell that converts sunlight into electric power by the photoelectric effect.

  In addition, although some modified examples with respect to the above-described embodiment have been described, naturally, a plurality of modified examples can be applied in combination as appropriate.

30 Heliostat 31 Post 32 Drive device 33 First shaft drive unit 331 First shaft motor 332 First shaft reducer 34 Second shaft drive unit 341 Second shaft motor 342 Second shaft reducer 343 Mounting surface 35 Fixed portion 36 Support Part 361 First support member 362 Second support member 37 Panel 371 Reflective member 372 Center of gravity region

Claims (18)

A driving device for driving a panel of a heliostat,
A second axis driving unit that rotates the panel around a second axis that is non-parallel to a first axis that rotates the panel with respect to a horizontal plane;
The driving device, wherein the second axis of the second axis driving unit is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a panel surface of the panel.   The driving device according to claim 1, wherein the panel can reach a horizontal position in which the panel surface is substantially parallel to a horizontal plane.   The drive device according to claim 1, wherein the panel surface can reach a vertical position where the panel surface is substantially orthogonal to a horizontal plane.   The second shaft driving unit can cause the panel to reach the vertical position from the horizontal position by rotating the panel in a first direction around the second axis, and the panel is moved to the vertical position. The drive device according to claim 3, dependent on claim 2, capable of reaching the horizontal position from a position.   5. The drive according to claim 1, wherein the second axis of the second axis driving unit is inclined at an angle of not less than 35 ° and not more than 55 ° with respect to the panel surface of the panel. apparatus.   The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an angle formed by the second axis with respect to a horizontal plane is not less than 125 ° and not more than 145 °.   The driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an intersection of the extension line of the second axis and the panel is located in a center of gravity region of the panel.   The said 2nd shaft drive part is provided with the 2nd shaft motor which has an output shaft, and the 2nd shaft speed reducer connected with the said output shaft of the said 2nd shaft motor. The drive device according to item.   The allowable torque of the second shaft reducer of the second shaft drive unit is smaller than the allowable torque of the first shaft reducer of the first shaft drive unit that rotates the panel around the first axis. 9. The drive device according to 8.   The diameter of the second shaft speed reducer of the second shaft drive unit is smaller than the diameter of the first shaft speed reducer of the first shaft drive unit that rotates the panel around the first axis. 9. The drive device according to 9.   The drive device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the second shaft motor is located on a side opposite to the panel with respect to an intersection of the first shaft and the second shaft.   The drive according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the center of gravity of the second shaft speed reducer is located on a side opposite to the panel with respect to an intersection of the first shaft and the second shaft. apparatus.   The output-side mounting surface of the second shaft reducer is located on the opposite side of the panel with respect to the intersection of the first shaft and the second shaft. The drive device described in 1.   The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a support portion that is connected to the second shaft drive portion on one side and to the panel on the other side.   The support part is connected to the second shaft driving part, and is connected to the first support member parallel to the second axis, and is connected to the first support member and is inclined to the second axis. The drive device according to claim 14, further comprising a support member.   The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the panel includes a reflective member that reflects sunlight.   The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the panel includes a solar cell. A panel,
A first axis drive unit for rotating the panel about a first axis to rotate the panel with respect to a horizontal plane;
A second axis driving unit connected to the first axis driving unit and rotating the panel around a second axis that is non-parallel to the first axis;
The heliostat, wherein the second axis of the second axis driving unit is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a panel surface of the panel.

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