JP2018106953A - Heating unit - Google Patents

Abstract

An object is heated or kept warm without sacrificing visibility. A heat generating sheet 1a, 1b that generates heat by an energizing current and a pair of electrodes 2a, 2b that are disposed at both ends of the heat generating sheet 1a, 1b and that supplies power to the heat generating sheet 1a, 1b are provided. In 1b, a plurality of light transmission portions H that are visible from one side to the other side are two-dimensionally formed. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating element.

  Patent Document 1 below discloses a carbon fiber-dispersed film in which carbon fibers are dispersed in a coating substrate. This carbon fiber-dispersed film is obtained by spreading a carbon fiber dispersion liquid in which fine carbon fibers such as carbon nanostructures represented by carbon nanotubes are dispersed in a dispersant or solvent on a substrate. A fiber skeleton tissue layer in which carbon fibers are dispersed and arranged by drying or gelling the development layer is provided, and a fluid containing a film-forming component is overcoated on the fiber skeleton tissue layer. Such a carbon fiber-dispersed film can be applied to heat generating materials, conductive wires, and the like.

JP 2008-273806 A

  By the way, when it is considered to heat or keep the luminous body using the heating element composed of the above-described carbon fiber dispersed film or the like, such an application is difficult because the heating element does not have light transmittance. However, among the light emitters used outdoors, such as traffic lights, the visibility of the traffic lights is impaired by the attachment of snow, especially when used in cold regions. There is a demand to prevent adhesion.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to heat or keep an object without sacrificing visibility.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, as a first solving means related to a heating element, a heating sheet that generates heat by an energizing current, and a pair of electrodes that are disposed at both ends of the heating sheet and that feeds the heating sheet The heat generating sheet employs a means in which a plurality of light transmitting portions that are visible from one side to the other are formed two-dimensionally.

  In the present invention, as the second solving means relating to the heating element, in the first solving means, the heating sheet includes a heating layer that generates heat by the energizing current on both sides or one side of the sheet-like base material. Is adopted.

  In the present invention, as a third solving means relating to the heating element, in the second solving means, a means is adopted in which the heating layer is a carbon fiber dispersed film in which carbon fibers are dispersed in a substrate.

  In the present invention, as a fourth solving means relating to the heating element, a means is used in the third solving means that the substrate is a paint.

  In the present invention, as the fifth solving means relating to the heating element, in the first to fourth solving means, the means that the light transmission part is a through hole is adopted.

  In the present invention, as a sixth solving means relating to the heating element, in any one of the second to fourth solving means, the sheet-like base material is formed of a transparent or translucent material, and the light transmitting portion is A means is adopted in which the heat generating layer is partially removed from both sides or one side of the sheet-like substrate.

  In the present invention, as a seventh solving means relating to the heating element, in any one of the first to sixth solving means, the light transmission portion does not flow the energization current linearly between the pair of electrodes. The means of being arranged is adopted.

  According to the present invention, since the heat generating sheet is formed with a plurality of two-dimensionally light-transmitting portions that are visible from one side to the other side, the object can be heated or kept warm without sacrificing visibility. It is possible to provide a heating element capable of achieving the above.

It is a front view of heat generating bodies A and A1 concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an arrow view taken along line XX in FIG. 1. It is a front view of heating element A2 concerning the modification of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of heat generating bodies B and B1 concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
First, the two heating elements A and A1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The two heating elements A and A1 have the same configuration when viewed from the front as shown in FIG. 1, but are different in configuration when viewed as a cross section as shown in FIG.

  These two heating elements A and A1 include heating sheets 1a and 1b and a pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b as shown in FIG. Here, the heat generating sheet 1a is provided in the heat generating element A, and the heat generating sheet 1b is provided in the heat generating element A1. That is, the two heating elements A and A1 have the same configuration of the pair of belt-like electrodes 2a and 2b, although the configurations of the heating sheets 1a and 1b are slightly different.

  The heat generating sheets 1a and 1b are rectangular sheet-like members that generate heat due to the energizing current I. As shown in FIG. 1, the pair of sides S1 and S2 parallel to each other and the pair of sides S1 and S2 are orthogonal to each other. A pair of parallel sides S3 and S4 are provided. One heating sheet 1a includes a sheet-like substrate 1c and a heating layer 1d as shown in FIG. 2 (a), and the other heating sheet 1b has a sheet-like base as shown in FIG. 2 (b). A material 1e and a heat generating layer 1d are provided.

  The sheet-like base materials 1c and 1e are formed from a material having flexibility and heat resistance, and are rectangular members that bear the mechanical characteristics of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b. One sheet-like substrate 1c is made of, for example, paper or heat-resistant resin, and the other sheet-like substrate 1e is made of heat-resistant and transparent or translucent resin.

  The heat generating layer 1d is a rectangular film that is provided on one side of the sheet-like base materials 1c and 1e and bears heat generation characteristics of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b. The heat generating layer 1d has a characteristic of generating heat by the energization current I, and is a carbon fiber dispersed film in which, for example, carbon fibers are dispersed in a predetermined substrate. The carbon fiber is a fine conductive fiber made of a carbon nanostructure represented by a carbon nanotube. The substrate is a predetermined dispersant or solvent, for example, a paint.

  Although such a heat generating layer 1d has heat generation due to the energization current I, it has light shielding properties that do not transmit light. For example, the heat generating layer 1d made of a carbon fiber dispersed film is black. Moreover, although the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b (heat generating layer 1d) having such a heat generating layer 1d have optical light shielding properties, the carbon fibers are uniformly dispersed in the entire rectangular region. Has a uniform electrical resistance.

  Further, the two heat generating sheets 1a and 1b are two-dimensionally formed with a plurality of light transmitting portions H and Ha that are visible from the front side (one side) to the back side (the other side). In addition, the light transmission part H is formed in the one heat generating sheet 1a, and the light transmission part Ha is formed in the other heat generating sheet 1b. The plurality of light transmission portions H and Ha are arranged in a staggered pattern so that the energization current I does not flow linearly between the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b as shown in the figure.

  That is, the light transmission part H is a circular through-hole penetrating from the front surface to the back surface of the heat generating sheet 1a, that is, a part where the sheet-like base material 1c and the heat generating layer 1d are partially and circularly removed. On the other hand, the light transmission part Ha is a part where only the heat generating layer 1d is removed in a circular shape, and the sheet-like base material 1e is not processed at all. The light transmission part H is light-transmitting because it is a through hole, and the light transmission part Ha is light-transmissive because the sheet-like substrate 1e is transparent or translucent.

  In addition, the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b in the first embodiment include a heat generating layer 1d on one side of the sheet-like base materials 1c and 1e as shown in FIG. However, the heat generating layer 1d may be provided on both surfaces of the sheet-like base materials 1c and 1e as necessary. That is, in order to provide heat generation performance to both surfaces of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b, the heat generating layers 1d are provided on both surfaces of the sheet-like base materials 1c and 1e.

  The pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b are linear strip electrodes as shown in FIG. 1, and are arranged on the upper surface and both ends of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b so as to be in contact with the heat generating layer 1d of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b. Yes. The pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b are spaced apart from each other on the upper surfaces of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b in a parallel posture, and the electric power supplied from the external power source D (DC power source) via the connection wires 3a and 3b. Is supplied to the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b (more precisely, the heat generating layer 1d).

  That is, of the pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b, one strip electrode 2a is disposed so as to be parallel and close to the side S1 of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b, and the power is supplied via the one connecting wire 3a. It is connected to the positive terminal of D. The other band-like electrode 2b is arranged so as to be parallel and close to the side S2 of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b, and is connected to the DND terminal (ground terminal) of the power source D through the other connecting wire 3b. Yes.

  Moreover, such a pair of strip | belt-shaped electrodes 2a and 2b is provided in the upper surface of the heat generating sheet 1a and 1b by the predetermined joining method. The joining method is, for example, pressure bonding such as conductive adhesive or caulking. In addition, as above-mentioned, when providing the heat generating layer 1d on both surfaces of the sheet-like base materials 1c and 1e, a pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b are provided on both surfaces of the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b.

Next, the function and effect of the heating elements A and A1 configured as described above will be described in detail.
In the heating elements A and A1, the heating sheets 1a and 1b (heating layer 1d) have a uniform electrical resistance and the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b are arranged in parallel. The current I flows substantially evenly. As a result, the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b generate heat uniformly at a predetermined temperature (surface temperature) over the entire area.

  Here, the light transmission portions H and Ha are arranged in a staggered pattern with respect to the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b, and are devised so that the energizing current I meanders and flows between the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b. Therefore, the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b also generate heat uniformly over the entire region by such an arrangement of the light transmitting portions H and Ha.

  For example, in the heating element A2 shown in FIG. 3, that is, the heating sheet 1f in which the light transmission portions H and Ha are regularly arranged like a grid in the facing direction of the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b, the energization current I is It does not meander and flow, and flows between the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b in a straight line shape. As a result, streaky heat generation unevenness parallel to the direction perpendicular to the facing direction of the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b may occur.

  In the heating elements A and A1, a plurality of light transmission portions H are two-dimensionally formed on the heat generation sheet 1a, and a plurality of light transmission portions Ha are two-dimensionally formed on the heat generation sheet 1b. The back side from the back side and the front side from the back side are sufficiently visible. In particular, when the heating elements A and A1 are viewed from one side separated by a certain distance, the presence of the heating elements A and A1 is hardly perceived by the light diffraction phenomenon.

  Therefore, according to the heating elements A and A1 according to the first embodiment, the other side is visible from one side, and thus the object arranged on one side or the other side is heated without sacrificing visibility. Alternatively, it can be kept warm.

  For example, when the heating elements A and A1 according to the first embodiment are installed on the front surface (front surface) of each light emitting unit in a traffic light that emits light from a light bulb or LED, the light emission color is reliably visually recognized from the front of each light emitting unit. In addition, it is possible to easily melt the snow adhering to the surface (front surface) of each light emitting unit, and thus it is possible to reliably prevent deterioration in the visibility of the luminescent color due to snow adhesion.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, the same components as those shown in FIG. In the following description, the description of the components having the same reference numerals is omitted.

  The heating elements B and B1 according to the second embodiment include heating sheets 1g and 1h and a pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b as shown in FIG. The heat generating sheets 1g and 1h are rectangular sheet-like members that generate heat by the energization current I in the same manner as the heat generating sheets 1a and 1b described above. The heat generating sheets 1g and 1h are connected to the pair of sides S1 and S2 parallel to each other and the pair of sides S1 and S2. A pair of sides S3 and S4 which are orthogonal and parallel to each other are provided. Further, one heat generating sheet 1g includes a sheet-like base material 1c and a heat generating layer 1d similarly to the heat generating sheet 1a described above, and the other heat generating sheet 1b is a sheet-like base material 1e similar to the heat generating sheet 1b described above. And a heat generating layer 1d.

  In such heat generating sheets 1g and 1h, a plurality of light transmissive portions Hb and Hc that are visible from the front side (one side) to the back side (the other side) are two-dimensionally formed. The light transmitting portion Hb is formed on one heat generating sheet 1g, and the light transmitting portion Hc is formed on the other heat generating sheet 1h. The plurality of light transmission portions Hb and Hc are arranged in a staggered pattern so that the energization current I does not flow linearly between the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b as shown in the figure.

  As shown in FIG. 4, such light transmission portions Hb and Hc have a hexagonal shape (regular hexagonal shape) and a honeycomb shape, unlike the light transmission portions H and Ha described above. Of the light transmitting portions Hb and Hc, the light transmitting portion Hb is a circular through hole penetrating from the front surface to the back surface of the heat generating sheet 1g, that is, a part of the sheet-like base material 1c and the heat generating layer 1d is removed in a hexagonal shape. It is the part which was done. On the other hand, the light transmission part Hc is a part where only a part of the heat generating layer 1d is removed in a hexagonal shape. Such light transmitting portions Hb and Hc are each light transmissive.

  According to the heating elements B and B1 configured in this way, the heating sheets 1g and 1h (heating layer 1d) have a uniform electrical resistance, and the pair of electrodes 2a and 2b are arranged in parallel. The energization current I flows through the heat generating sheets 1g and 1h substantially evenly. As a result, the heat generating sheets 1g and 1h generate heat uniformly at a predetermined temperature (surface temperature) over the entire area.

  Further, in the heating elements B and B1, a plurality of light transmission portions Hb are two-dimensionally formed on the heat generation sheet 1g, and a plurality of light transmission portions Hc are two-dimensionally formed on the heat generation sheet 1h. The back side is visible from the back and the front side is visible from the back side. In the heating elements B and B1 having such a plurality of light transmission parts Hb and Hc, when the heating elements B and B1 are viewed from one side with a certain distance apart, the heating element B and The presence of B1 is hardly visually recognized.

  According to the heating elements B and B1 according to the second embodiment as described above, the other side is visible from one side, and thus an object placed on one side or the other side can be obtained without sacrificing visibility. It is possible to heat or keep warm. Therefore, for example, when installed on the surface (front surface) of each light emitting unit in a traffic light, it is possible to surely see the emitted color from the front of each light emitting unit, and the visibility deterioration of each emitted color due to the adhesion of snow Can be reliably prevented.

In addition, this invention is not limited to said each embodiment, For example, the following modifications can be considered.
(1) In each of the above embodiments, the heat generating layer 1d in the heat generating sheets 1a, 1b, 1f, 1g, and 1h is formed of a carbon fiber dispersed film, but the present invention is not limited to this. The heating layer may be any resistor as long as it is a resistor (heating resistor) that generates heat when energized. For example, as a powder of a conductive material other than carbon fiber, a dispersion film in which graphite (graphite) or conductive metal powder is dispersed using a predetermined dispersant or solvent may be employed.

(2) In each of the embodiments described above, the light transmitting portions H, Ha, Hb, and Hc are circular or hexagonal (regular hexagonal), but the present invention is not limited to this. The shape of the light transmitting portion may be various polygons other than an ellipse or a hexagon (regular hexagon) other than a circle or a hexagon (regular hexagon), and various shapes that are not geometrically classified. In addition, the plurality of light transmission portions may not have the same shape, and light transmission portions having different shapes may be combined.

(3) In each of the above embodiments, the light transmitting portions H, Ha, Hb, and Hc are arranged so that the energizing current I does not flow linearly between the pair of strip electrode electrodes 2a and 2b. When the number of Ha, Hb, and Hc is further increased, the energization current I may be arranged so as to flow linearly between the pair of strip electrode electrodes 2a and 2b as shown in FIG. In this case, since the energization paths of the energization current I are further increased, uneven heat generation is reduced. Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the light transmissive part H, Ha, Hb, Hc was regularly arrange | positioned, you may arrange | position the light transmissive part H, Ha, Hb, Hc in a mode without regularity.

(4) In each of the above embodiments, the case where the heating elements A, A1, A2, B, and B1 are applied to a traffic light has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The heating element according to the present invention can be applied to various applications. For example, it may be possible to prevent the snow from adhering and to function as a so-called shadow mask by providing it in front of a relatively large display panel installed outdoors.

(5) In each of the above embodiments, the pair of strip electrodes 2a, 2b are provided on the heat generating sheets 1a, 1b, 1f, 1g, 1h, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a relatively thin strip electrode is added between the pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b and between the light transmitting portions H, Ha, Hb, and Hc in the opposite direction of the pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b. You may arrange. In this case, since the distance between the electrodes can be reduced without sacrificing visibility, the heat generation amount (surface temperature) of the heat generating sheets 1a, 1b, 1f, 1g, and 1h can be increased.

(6) In each of the above embodiments, power is supplied to the heat generating sheets 1a, 1b, 1f, 1g, and 1h using the pair of strip electrodes 2a and 2b, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a pair of (two) or more band-like electrodes may be used to supply power to the heat generating sheet. Moreover, the shape of an electrode is not limited to a strip shape, and various shapes of electrodes can be employed.

(7) In each of the above embodiments, a DC power source is used as the power source D, but the present invention is not limited to this. You may employ | adopt an alternating current power supply as needed.

A, A1, A2, B, B1 Heating element D Power source H, Ha, Hb, Hc Light transmission part 1a, 1b, 1f, 1g, 1h Heating sheet 1c Sheet-like base material 1d Heating layer 2a, 2b Strip electrode 3a, 3b Connecting wire

Claims (7)

A heat generating sheet that generates heat due to an energizing current;
A pair of electrodes disposed at both ends of the heat generating sheet and supplying power to the heat generating sheet;
The heat generating sheet is characterized in that a plurality of light transmissive portions that are visible from one side to the other are formed two-dimensionally on the heat generating sheet.   2. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the heating sheet includes a heating layer that generates heat by the energizing current on both sides or one side of a sheet-like base material.   The heating element according to claim 2, wherein the heating layer is a carbon fiber-dispersed film in which carbon fibers are dispersed in a substrate.   The heating element according to claim 3, wherein the substrate is a paint.   The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the light transmission part is a through hole. The sheet-like substrate is formed from a transparent or translucent material,
The heating element according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the light transmission part is a part where the heating layer is partially removed from both sides or one side of the sheet-like base material. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light transmission portion is arranged so that the energization current does not flow linearly between the pair of electrodes.

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