JP2018098987A - Vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To appropriately control charge/discharge of a power storage device that is provided in a vehicle compartment.SOLUTION: An ECU executes control processing including: a step (S100) of detecting an average value of charge power of a solar panel per hour; a step (S102) of calculating a maximum charge power quantity and an average charge power quantity; a step (S106) of determining that the solar panel is under a high temperature environment when a difference between the maximum charge power quantity and the average charge power quantity is equal to or less than a threshold value (YES in S104); a step (S108) of changing ΔSOC of the solar battery and reducing an upper limit value of SOC of the solar battery; and a step (S110) of setting an initial value as an upper limit value of ΔSOC and SOC of the solar battery when the difference between the maximum charge power quantity and the average charge power quantity is larger than the threshold (NO in S104).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present disclosure relates to charge / discharge control of a power storage device provided in a vehicle interior.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vehicle equipped with a solar cell that converts light energy into electric power at a predetermined position such as a roof of the vehicle is known. In such a vehicle, a power storage device (for example, a secondary battery) that supplies power to an auxiliary machine or the like using power output from the solar battery is charged.

  Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-155820 (Patent Document 1) discloses a technique that enables a secondary battery to be appropriately charged in a power supply device that combines a solar battery and a secondary battery, for example.

JP 2011-155820 A

  However, since charging using a solar battery is normally performed in the daytime when the sun is out, when the power storage device is provided in the vehicle interior, sunlight enters the interior of the vehicle and the temperature of the vehicle interior May significantly increase, and the temperature of the power storage device may also increase. Therefore, depending on the season such as summer, the power storage device may be in a high temperature and high SOC state, and deterioration of the power storage device may be promoted. Patent Document 1 does not assume such a problem and cannot solve it.

  The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object thereof is to provide a vehicle that appropriately controls charging / discharging of a power storage device provided in a vehicle interior.

  A vehicle according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a solar battery that converts light energy into electric power, a power storage device that is provided in a vehicle interior and that is charged using power output from the solar battery, and an SOC of the power storage device. And a control device that controls charging / discharging of the power storage device so as to be within a range between the upper limit value and the lower limit value. The control device calculates a difference between a maximum value and an average value of the charging power amount of the solar cell in a predetermined period, calculated from the output history of the solar cell, and a distribution of the charging power amount in the predetermined period on the light receiving surface of the solar cell. It is determined whether or not the power storage device is in a high temperature environment that can be in a high temperature state using at least one of them, and if it is determined that the power storage device is in a high temperature environment, the upper limit value of the SOC is reduced.

  In this case, when it is determined that the power storage device is in a high temperature environment, the upper limit value of the SOC is reduced, so that the power storage device can be prevented from being in a high temperature and high SOC state. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the power storage device.

  According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a vehicle that appropriately controls charging / discharging of a power storage device provided in a vehicle interior.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the apparatus mounted in the vehicle which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control processing performed with ECU mounted in the vehicle which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the apparatus mounted in the vehicle which concerns on a 1st modification. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the ratio of the 1st charge electric energy in a 1st modification, and the 2nd charge electric energy, and the incident angle of sunlight. It is a flowchart which shows the control processing performed with ECU mounted in the vehicle which concerns on a 1st modification. It is a flowchart which shows the control processing performed with ECU mounted in the vehicle which concerns on a 2nd modification.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated.

  Further, in the embodiment described below, the vehicle will be described as an example of an electric vehicle equipped with a motor generator as a drive source. However, the vehicle is a hybrid further equipped with an engine as a drive source or a power source of a generator. It may be a vehicle, or may be a vehicle that uses only the engine as a drive source instead of the motor generator.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of a vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment includes a battery pack 20, a PCU (Power Control Unit) 30, a solar PCU 40, a solar panel 50, a solar battery 60, and an auxiliary battery 70. And an inlet 130.

  Battery pack 20 includes a power storage device that stores rechargeable DC power. Examples of the power storage device include secondary batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries and lithium ion batteries. The battery pack 20 transmits and receives electric power to and from a motor generator 6 (see FIG. 2, hereinafter referred to as MG6) that is a drive source of the vehicle 1. The power of the battery pack 20 is supplied to the MG 6 via the PCU 30. Moreover, the battery pack 20 is charged using the electric power generated by the MG 6. The battery pack 20 is charged using electric power supplied from a power source (see FIG. 2) outside the vehicle 1 via the inlet 130. The power storage device is not limited to a secondary battery, and may be a device that can exchange DC power with MG6, such as a capacitor. The battery pack 20 is provided at a position below the rear seat of the vehicle 1 and between the left and right rear wheel houses, for example.

  The PCU 30 converts the DC power of the battery pack 20 into AC power and supplies it to the MG 6, or converts the regenerative power (AC power) generated in the MG 6 into DC power and supplies it to the battery pack 20.

  PCU 30 includes, for example, a converter and an inverter (both not shown) having a plurality of switching elements. Converters and inverters operate by on / off control of switching elements. The converter boosts the voltage of the DC power received from the battery pack 20 and outputs it to the inverter. The inverter converts the DC power output from the converter into AC power and outputs it to MG6. Thereby, MG 6 is driven using the electric power stored in battery pack 20.

  Further, the inverter converts AC power generated by MG 6 into DC power and outputs it to the converter. The converter steps down the voltage of the DC power output from the inverter and outputs it to the battery pack 20. Thereby, the battery pack 20 is charged using the electric power generated by the MG 6. The converter may be omitted.

  PCU 30 further includes a DC / DC converter (not shown) that converts the voltage of battery pack 20 into a voltage suitable for charging auxiliary battery 70. The DC / DC converter charges the auxiliary battery 70 by supplying the converted electric power to the auxiliary battery 70.

  The solar panel 50 is a solar cell that converts light energy (for example, light energy of sunlight) into DC power. In the present embodiment, the solar panel 50 is installed on the surface of the roof of the vehicle 1 as shown in FIG. The electric power generated in the solar panel 50 is supplied to the solar battery 60 via the solar PCU 40. Note that the solar panel 50 may be disposed on the surface of a portion other than the roof of the vehicle 1 (for example, a hood or the like).

  The solar battery 60 is a power storage device that stores the electric power generated in the solar panel 50. In the present embodiment, solar battery 60 is constituted by a nickel metal hydride battery. The solar battery 60 is configured by connecting a plurality of (for example, three) cells or a module including a plurality of cells connected in series. The solar battery 60 is provided at a predetermined position in the vehicle 1 (for example, at the bottom of the center console). In addition, the interior of the vehicle 1 includes a space (for example, a cabin) in the vehicle 1 on which an occupant is boarded and a space (for example, a luggage compartment) that communicates with the space.

  The solar PCU 40 converts the DC power output from the solar panel 50 into a voltage capable of charging the solar battery 60 in accordance with a control signal from the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 100 (see FIG. 2), 60 direct current power is converted into a voltage capable of charging the battery pack 20. Specifically, the solar PCU 40 charges the battery pack 20 using the power of the solar battery 60 when, for example, the SOC (State Of Charge) of the solar battery 60 increases until reaching an upper limit value, or The auxiliary battery 70 is charged. Or solar PCU40 charges the solar battery 60 using the electric power output from the solar panel 50, for example, when SOC of the solar battery 60 reduces until it reaches a lower limit.

  The auxiliary battery 70 supplies power to the auxiliary load. The auxiliary machine load includes, for example, an electric device (for example, a car navigation system or an audio device) provided in the vehicle 1 and various ECUs mounted on the vehicle 1.

  Hereinafter, each configuration mounted on the vehicle 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the device mounted on the vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, vehicle 1 further includes drive wheels 2, power transmission gear 4, MG 6, and ECU 100.

  MG6 is, for example, a three-phase AC rotating electric machine. The output torque of the MG 6 is transmitted to the drive wheels 2 via the power transmission gear 4 constituted by a speed reducer or the like. The MG 6 can also generate power by the rotational force of the drive wheels 2 during the regenerative braking operation of the vehicle 1. 1 and FIG. 2 shows an example of a configuration in which only one motor generator is provided as a drive source. However, the number of motor generators is not limited to this, and a plurality of motor generators (for example, 2) It is good also as a structure provided.

  The battery pack 20 includes an assembled battery 22, a system main relay (hereinafter referred to as SMR) 24, a first charging relay (hereinafter referred to as CHRA) 26, and a second charging relay (hereinafter referred to as CHRB). ) 28 and the charging device 120.

  The assembled battery 22 is configured by connecting a plurality of modules including a plurality of cells in series. Alternatively, the assembled battery 22 may be configured by connecting a plurality of cells in series. In the assembled battery, the voltage of the assembled battery 22 is, for example, about 200V.

  The SMR 24 is provided in the middle of the power lines PL1 and NL1 that connect the PCU 30 and the assembled battery 22. Based on the control signal C1 from the ECU 100, the SMR 24 electrically connects the PCU 30 and the assembled battery 22 (on state) or disconnects them (off state).

  The CHRA 26 is provided in the middle of the power lines PL2 and NL2 branched from the power lines PL1 and NL1 connecting the assembled battery 22 and the SMR 24 and connected to the solar PCU 40. Based on the control signal C2 from the ECU 100, the CHRA 26 makes the power lines PL1, NL1 and the solar PCU 40 electrically connected (on state) or shuts off (off state).

  Solar PCU 40 includes a high voltage DC / DC converter 42, a solar DC / DC converter 44, an auxiliary DC / DC converter 46, and a monitoring circuit 48.

  The high voltage DC / DC converter 42 converts the DC power of the solar battery 60 into DC power that can charge the assembled battery 22 based on a control signal from the ECU 100. The high voltage DC / DC converter 42 supplies the converted power to the assembled battery 22.

  The solar DC / DC converter 44 converts the DC power supplied from the solar panel 50 into DC power that can charge the solar battery 60 based on a control signal from the ECU 100. The solar DC / DC converter 44 supplies the converted electric power to the solar battery 60.

  Auxiliary machine DC / DC converter 46 converts DC power of solar battery 60 into DC power that can charge auxiliary battery 70 based on a control signal from ECU 100. The auxiliary DC / DC converter 46 supplies the converted electric power to the auxiliary battery 70.

  The monitoring circuit 48 monitors the state of the solar battery 60. The solar battery 60 is provided with a temperature sensor 62, a voltage sensor 64, and a current sensor 66. The temperature sensor 62 detects the temperature (hereinafter referred to as battery temperature) TBs of the solar battery 60, and transmits a signal indicating the detected battery temperature TBs to the monitoring circuit 48. The voltage sensor 64 detects the voltage VBs of the entire solar battery 60 and transmits a signal indicating the detected voltage VBs to the monitoring circuit 48. The current sensor 66 detects the current IBs of the solar battery 60 and transmits a signal indicating the detected current IBs to the monitoring circuit 48.

  The monitoring circuit 48 outputs information about the state of the solar battery 60 to the ECU 100. For example, the monitoring circuit 48 outputs the detection results received from each sensor to the ECU 100, or executes predetermined arithmetic processing on the detection results received from each sensor, and outputs the execution results to the ECU 100. . Specifically, the monitoring circuit 48 calculates the SOC of the solar battery 60 based on the temperature TBs, the voltage VBs, and the current IBs of the solar battery 60, and outputs information indicating the calculated SOC to the ECU 100.

  The monitoring circuit 48 estimates, for example, an OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) based on the current IBs, voltage VBs, and battery temperature TBs of the solar battery 60, and solar battery based on the estimated OCV and a predetermined map. An SOC of 60 may be estimated. Alternatively, the monitoring circuit 48 may estimate the SOC of the solar battery 60 by, for example, integrating the charging current and discharging current of the solar battery 60.

  The positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of charging device 120 are connected to power lines PL3 and NL3 branched from power lines PL1 and NL1, respectively. The input terminal of the charging device 120 is connected to the inlet 130. Based on the control signal C4 from the ECU 100, the charging device 120 converts AC power supplied to the input terminal from the AC power supply 300, which will be described later, via the inlet 130 into DC power and supplies it to the assembled battery 22 from the output terminal. To do.

  A CHRB 28 is provided in the middle of the power lines PL3 and NL3. Based on the control signal C3 from the ECU 100, the CHRB 28 electrically connects the power lines PL1, NL1 and the charging device 120 (on state) or disconnects (off state).

  Although not shown, the ECU 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory that is a storage device, an input / output buffer, and the like. The ECU 100 controls various devices so that the vehicle 1 is in a desired operating state based on signals from each sensor and device, and a map and program stored in the memory. Various controls are not limited to processing by software, and can be processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).

  The ECU 100 acquires the SOC of the solar battery 60 from the monitoring circuit 48. It should be noted that the process of calculating the SOC executed by the monitoring circuit 48 described above may be executed by the ECU 100. When the SOC of the solar battery 60 reaches the lower limit value, the ECU 100 operates the solar DC / DC converter 44 to charge the solar battery 60 using electric power output from the solar panel 50.

  When the SOC of solar battery 60 reaches the upper limit value, ECU 100 stops charging solar battery 60 and turns CHRA 26 on. The ECU 100 operates the high voltage DC / DC converter 42 to charge the assembled battery 22 using the power of the solar battery 60. Note that the ECU 100 may charge the assembled battery 22 by operating the solar DC / DC converter 44 in addition to the high-voltage DC / DC converter 42. The ECU 100 stops the operation of the high-voltage DC / DC converter 42 and turns off the CHRA 26 when the SOC of the solar battery 60 reaches the lower limit value or the SOC of the assembled battery 22 reaches the upper limit value. Then, charging of the assembled battery 22 is stopped.

  ECU 100 controls charging / discharging of solar battery 60 such that the SOC of solar battery 60 falls within the range between the upper limit value and the lower limit value by operating CHRA 26 and solar PCU 40 as described above.

  A contact sensor 132 is connected to the ECU 100. The contact sensor 132 is provided in the inlet 130, for example. When the plug 208 is connected to the inlet 130, the contact sensor 132 transmits a signal D1 indicating that the plug 208 is connected to the inlet 130 to the ECU 100.

  When the contact sensor 132 detects that the plug 208 is connected to the inlet 130, the ECU 100 supplies power from the AC power supply 300 by operating the charging device 120 while turning on each of the SMR 24 and CHRB 28. The AC power to be converted is converted into DC power, and plug-in charging for charging the assembled battery 22 is executed.

  For example, during charging of solar battery 60 using solar DC / DC converter 44, ECU 100 calculates charging power using the charging voltage and charging current received from monitoring circuit 48. For example, ECU 100 calculates charging power every time a predetermined time elapses, and stores the calculated charging power in a memory or the like.

  In the vehicle 1 having such a configuration, charging using the solar panel 50 is normally performed in the daytime when the sun is out. Therefore, when the solar battery 60 is provided in the vehicle 1, the sunlight is indoors. There is a case where the temperature inside the vehicle 1 greatly increases and the temperature of the solar battery 60 also increases due to shooting. Therefore, depending on the season such as summer, the solar battery 60 may be in a high temperature and high SOC state, and the deterioration of the solar battery 60 may be promoted.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ECU 100 uses the difference between the maximum value and the average value of the charging power amount of the solar panel 50 in a predetermined period calculated from the output history of the solar panel 50 to increase the temperature of the solar battery 60. It is determined whether or not the environment is a high temperature environment that can be in a state, and when it is determined that the environment is a high temperature environment, the upper limit value of the SOC of the solar battery 60 is reduced.

  If it does in this way, it can control that solar battery 60 will be in high temperature and a high SOC state. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the solar battery 60 from being promoted.

  Hereinafter, a control process executed by the ECU 100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a control process executed by ECU 100 mounted on vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment. For example, the ECU 100 executes the control process every time a predetermined time elapses during charging of the solar battery 60 using the solar panel 50.

  In step (hereinafter, step is referred to as “S”) 100, ECU 100 calculates an average value of charging power per hour. ECU 100 integrates the charging power calculated between the previous calculation and the current calculation, and calculates the average value of the charging power by dividing by the number of times of calculation of the charging power.

  In S102, ECU 100 calculates a maximum charge power amount in a predetermined period and an average charge power amount in the predetermined period. The ECU 100 calculates, for example, an average value of charge power amount per day (hereinafter referred to as average charge power amount) in the past one month period from a charge power history (that is, output history of the solar panel 50). . ECU 100 calculates the amount of charging power per day, for example, by integrating the average value of charging power per hour calculated as described above. The ECU 100 stores the calculated charge power amount per day in a memory. ECU 100 calculates the total amount of charging power for one month up to the previous day, and calculates the average charging power by dividing by the number of days (for example, 30 days). The ECU 100 acquires the maximum value of the charged electric energy per day stored in the one month up to the previous day as the maximum charged electric energy.

  In S104, ECU 100 determines whether or not the difference between the maximum charge power amount and the average charge power amount is equal to or less than a threshold value. The threshold value is set so that, for example, it can be determined that there are many sunny days in the period of the past month, or that the time with a large amount of solar radiation has continued for a long time. If it is determined that the difference between the maximum charge power amount and the average charge power amount is equal to or less than the threshold value (YES in S104), the process proceeds to S106.

  In S106, ECU 100 determines that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment that can be in a high temperature state.

  In S108, ECU 100 changes ΔSOC indicating the charge amount of solar battery 60 and decreases the upper limit value of the SOC.

  For example, ECU 100 calculates a change coefficient (<1.0) of ΔSOC from the history of the average value of the charging power. The ECU 100 sets the changed ΔSOC by multiplying the initial value of ΔSOC by the calculated change coefficient. For example, ECU 100 may calculate the change coefficient of ΔSOC using at least one of the maximum charge power amount and the average charge power amount in addition to the history of the average value of the charge power.

  The ECU 100 calculates, for example, a fluctuation amount of the average value of the charging power from a history of the average value of the charging power in a predetermined period in the past (for example, the past several months until the present), and in a predetermined period after the current (for example, Calculate an estimate of the amount of charging power (per day). ECU 100 calculates a change coefficient of ΔSOC based on the calculated estimated value. For example, ECU 100 may calculate the change coefficient of ΔSOC so that the change coefficient of ΔSOC becomes smaller as the estimated value becomes smaller, or the change coefficient of ΔSOC becomes larger so that the change coefficient of ΔSOC becomes larger as the estimated value becomes larger. It may be calculated.

  The ECU 100 reduces the upper limit value of the SOC of the solar battery 60 within a range where the changed ΔSOC can be charged. ECU 100 may set the upper limit value of SOC by, for example, adding ΔSOC to the lower limit value of SOC of solar battery 60. In addition to the upper limit value of the SOC of the solar battery 60, the ECU 100 may reduce the lower limit value of the SOC within a range where overdischarge does not occur. If it does in this way, the upper limit of SOC can be lowered more.

  If it is determined that the difference between the maximum charge power amount and the average charge power amount is greater than the threshold value (NO in S104), the process proceeds to S110. In S110, ECU 100 sets initial values as upper limits of ΔSOC and SOC.

  The operation of vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment based on the structure and flowchart as described above will be described.

  For example, when charging of the solar battery 60 using the solar panel 50 is started, an average value of charging power per hour is calculated (S100), and a maximum charging power amount and an average charging power amount are calculated ( S102). When it is determined that the difference between the calculated maximum charging power amount and average charging power amount is equal to or less than the threshold value (YES in S104), it is determined that solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment (S106). , ΔSOC is changed, and the upper limit value of the SOC of the solar battery 60 is decreased (S108). Therefore, it is suppressed that the solar battery 60 becomes a high temperature and high SOC state.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the difference between the calculated maximum charging power amount and average charging power amount is larger than the threshold value (NO in S104), ΔSOC and the upper limit value of SOC are set as initial values. (S110).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when it is determined that the power storage device is in a high temperature environment, the upper limit value of the SOC of solar battery 60 is reduced, so that solar battery 60 is in a high temperature and high SOC state. It can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the power storage device. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vehicle that appropriately controls charging and discharging of a power storage device provided in the vehicle interior.

Hereinafter, modifications will be described.
<First Modification>
In the above-described embodiment, the solar battery 60 has been described as determining whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment using the difference between the maximum charge power amount and the average charge power amount. Whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high-temperature environment may be determined using the distribution of the amount of charged power in

  Hereinafter, the first modification will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the device mounted on the vehicle 1 according to the first modification.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the first modification, the vehicle 1 includes a position sensor 102 as compared with FIG. 1, and further includes a first solar panel 52 and a second solar panel 54 instead of the solar panel 50. The electric power generated in each of the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 is supplied to the DC / DC converter 44 and the operation of the ECU 100 is different. Among the other configurations, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same configurations as the configuration of the vehicle 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, detailed description of those configurations will not be repeated.

  The position sensor 102 is a sensor that detects the longitude and latitude of the vehicle 1, and is a sensor that uses, for example, GPS (Global Positioning System). The position sensor 102 transmits a signal indicating the detected longitude and latitude of the vehicle 1 to the ECU 100.

  The first solar panel 52 is provided on the vehicle front side of the roof of the vehicle 1. The second solar panel 54 is provided on the vehicle rear side of the roof of the vehicle 1. In the first modification, the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 are each connected to the solar DC / DC converter 44, and are described as being connected in series inside the solar DC / DC converter 44. However, the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 may be connected to the solar DC / DC converter 44 in a state where the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 are connected in series. In the first modification, the area of the light receiving surface of the first solar panel 52 and the area of the light receiving surface of the second solar panel 54 are, for example, the same.

  The solar DC / DC converter 44 converts the electric power generated in the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 into charging electric power for the solar battery 60 and supplies the electric power to the solar battery 60. The solar DC / DC converter 44 is provided with various sensors that detect the output voltage and output current of the first solar panel 52 and various sensors that detect the output voltage and output current of the second solar panel 54. The various sensors transmit a signal indicating the output voltage and output current of the first solar panel 52 and a signal indicating the output voltage and output current of the second solar panel 54 to the ECU 100. Various sensors may be provided in each of the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54.

  The ECU 100 describes the amount of electric power charged by the first solar panel 52 in a predetermined period (for example, per hour) (hereinafter, referred to as the first charging electric energy) from the output voltage and output current of the first solar panel 52 in the predetermined period. ) Is calculated.

  Similarly, the ECU 100 determines the amount of electric power charged by the second solar panel 54 in a predetermined period (for example, per hour) from the output voltage and output current of the second solar panel 54 in the predetermined period (hereinafter referred to as the second charging electric energy). Is calculated).

  In the first modification, the ECU 100 determines whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high-temperature environment using the distribution of the amount of charging electric power in a predetermined period on the light receiving surface of the first solar panel 52 and the light receiving surface of the second solar panel 54. Shall be determined.

  More specifically, the ECU 100 determines whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment using the calculated ratio between the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount. The ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount varies depending on the incident angle of sunlight.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the ratio of the first charging electric energy and the second charging electric energy and the incident angle of sunlight in the first modification.

  As shown in FIG. 5, for example, a case where sunlight is received in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 1 is assumed. Since the roof of the vehicle 1 has a gentle mountain shape, when sunlight is received obliquely upward as indicated by the solid line arrow, the incident angle of sunlight on the first solar panel 52 is the first angle. 2 It becomes larger than the incident angle of sunlight to the solar panel 54. Therefore, the first charging power amount is larger than the second charging power amount, and the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount are different from each other.

  On the other hand, for example, when sunlight is received from directly above as indicated by a broken line arrow, the incident angles of sunlight on the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 are substantially the same, and the first charge power amount and The second charging power amount is almost the same value. That is, as the incident angle of sunlight increases, the ratio of the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount changes so as to approach 1. Further, as the incident angle of sunlight becomes lower, the ratio between the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount increases from 1 or decreases.

  Therefore, in the first modification, the ECU 100 determines that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment when the ratio between the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount is within a predetermined range including 1. To do.

  Hereinafter, an example of a control process executed by the ECU 100 according to the first modification will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a control process executed by the ECU 100 mounted on the vehicle 1 according to the first modification.

  In S200, ECU 100 calculates a first charge power amount and a second charge power amount. In addition, since it is as having mentioned above about the calculation method of 1st charge electric energy and 2nd charge electric energy, the detailed description is not repeated.

  In S202, ECU 100 calculates a ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount.

  In S204, ECU 100 determines whether or not the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is within a predetermined range. The predetermined range is a range including 1 as described above. If it is determined that the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is within the predetermined range (YES in S204), the process proceeds to S206.

  In S206, ECU 100 determines that solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment.

  In S208, ECU 100 changes ΔSOC of solar battery 60 and decreases the upper limit value of SOC.

  For example, ECU 100 calculates a change coefficient (<1.0) of ΔSOC of solar battery 60 from the latitude, longitude, first charge power amount, and second charge power amount. ECU10 acquires the reference value of the change coefficient set for every area from the latitude and longitude detected by the position sensor 102, for example, and uses the acquired reference value of 1st charge electric energy and 2nd charge electric energy. The change coefficient of ΔSOC may be calculated by correcting using at least one of them.

  ECU 100 reduces the upper limit value of the SOC of solar battery 60 within a range in which the changed ΔSOC can be charged. The method for setting the upper limit value of SOC based on the changed ΔSOC is as described above, and the detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

  If it is determined that the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is not within the predetermined range (NO in S204), the process proceeds to S210. In S210, ECU 100 sets initial values as upper limits of ΔSOC and SOC.

  When it is determined that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment by executing the control process as described above, the upper limit value of the SOC of the solar battery 60 is reduced, so that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature and high SOC state. It can be suppressed.

  In the first modification, the solar battery 60 is determined to be in a high temperature environment when the ratio between the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount is within a predetermined range. The incident angle of sunlight is estimated using the ratio between the first charge energy amount and the second charge energy amount, and the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment when the estimated incident angle of sunlight is equal to or greater than a threshold value. You may determine that there is.

  The ECU 100 may estimate the incident angle from the ratio using, for example, a map indicating the relationship between the ratio and the incident angle. Alternatively, the ECU 100 adds the current date and time, vehicle direction, road surface gradient, vehicle position (latitude, longitude), weather information, inclination angles of the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 in addition to the ratio. Based on this, the incident angle may be estimated.

<Second Modification>
In the above-described embodiment, the solar battery 60 has been described as determining whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment using the difference between the maximum charge power amount and the average charge power amount. Whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment may be determined based on the change in the distribution of the amount of charged power in

  Hereinafter, the second modification will be specifically described with reference to FIG. The vehicle 1 according to the second modification has the same configuration as the configuration of the vehicle 1 according to the first modification shown in FIG. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

  In the second modification example, the ECU 100 determines that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment based on a change in the distribution of the amount of charging power in a predetermined period between the light receiving surface of the first solar panel 52 and the light receiving surface of the second solar panel 54. It shall be determined whether or not.

  More specifically, the ECU 100 determines whether or not the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment based on a change aspect of the ratio between the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount every predetermined time.

  The locus of the sun that can be identified from the current position differs depending on whether the season is summer or winter. Therefore, the time during which the ratio between the first charging power amount and the second charging power amount changes in one day (for example, either from the time point when both the first charging power amount and the second charging energy amount are greater than zero). The time to zero) is longer in the summer season than in the winter season.

  Therefore, in the second modification, the ECU 100 determines that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment when the change time per day of the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is equal to or greater than a threshold value. It shall be determined.

  Below, an example of the control process performed by ECU100 in the 2nd modification is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a control process executed by the ECU 100 mounted on the vehicle 1 according to the second modification.

  In S300, ECU 100 calculates a first charge power amount and a second charge power amount. In addition, since it is as having mentioned above about the calculation method of 1st charge electric energy and 2nd charge electric energy, the detailed description is not repeated.

  In S302, ECU 100 calculates a ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount.

  In S304, ECU 100 determines whether or not the change time per day of the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is equal to or greater than a threshold value. ECU 100 may determine, for example, whether or not the change time per day on the previous day is equal to or greater than a threshold value, or replace the change in the ratio after the current time with the change in the ratio after the same time on the previous day. It may be determined whether the change time per day is equal to or greater than a threshold value. If it is determined that the change time per day of the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is equal to or greater than the threshold value (YES in S304), the process proceeds to S306.

  In S306, ECU 100 determines that solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment.

  In S308, ECU 100 changes ΔSOC of solar battery 60 and decreases the upper limit value of SOC.

  For example, ECU 100 calculates a change coefficient (<1.0) of ΔSOC of solar battery 60 from the latitude, longitude, first charge power amount, and second charge power amount. Since the calculation method is as described above, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

  ECU 100 reduces the upper limit value of the SOC of solar battery 60 within a range in which the changed ΔSOC can be charged. The method for setting the upper limit value of SOC based on the changed ΔSOC is as described above, and the detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

  When ECU 100 determines that the change time per day of the ratio between the first charge power amount and the second charge power amount is shorter than the threshold value (NO in S304), the process proceeds to S310. . In S310, ECU 100 sets initial values as upper limits of ΔSOC and SOC.

  When it is determined that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment by executing the control process as described above, the upper limit value of the SOC of the solar battery 60 can be reduced, so that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature and high SOC state. It can be suppressed.

  In the second modification, the solar battery is determined to be in a high temperature environment when the change time per day of the ratio between the first charge energy amount and the second charge energy amount is equal to or greater than a threshold value. As described above, for example, it is determined whether or not the sun trajectory that can be observed at the current position is a trajectory corresponding to summer based on a change aspect of the ratio between the first charging electric energy and the second charging electric energy. It may be determined that the solar battery 60 is in a high temperature environment when the locus corresponds to. The sun trajectory includes, for example, information such as the south-middle altitude, the direction and time of sunrise, and the direction and time of sunset.

  The ECU 100 may estimate the solar trajectory from the ratio change mode using, for example, a map showing the relationship between the ratio change mode and the trajectory. Alternatively, the ECU 100 adds the current date and time, the direction of the vehicle, the gradient of the road surface, the position of the vehicle (latitude, longitude), weather information, the inclination of the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 in addition to the ratio change mode. The sun trajectory may be estimated based on the angle or the like.

  In the first and second modifications described above, two solar panels are described as an example of the number of solar panels provided on the roof of the vehicle 1 and capable of independently detecting the amount of charging power. However, the number of solar panels is three or more. May be. In this way, it is possible to improve the estimation accuracy particularly when estimating the incident angle of the sunlight and the sun trajectory.

  In the first and second modifications described above, the first solar panel 52 and the second solar panel 54 have been described as having the same light receiving surface area, but may have different areas. Good.

In addition, you may implement the above-mentioned modification combining all or one part suitably.
The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle, 2 Drive wheel, 4 Power transmission gear, 6 Motor generator, 20 Battery pack, 22 Battery pack, 24 SMR, 26, 28 Charge relay, 30 PCU, 42 High voltage DC / DC converter, 44 Solar DC / DC converter, 46 Auxiliary DC / DC converter, 48 Monitoring circuit, 50, 52, 54 Solar panel, 60 Solar battery, 62 Temperature sensor, 64 Voltage sensor, 66 Current sensor, 70 Auxiliary battery, 100 ECU, 102 GPS, 120 Charging device , 130 inlet, 132 contact sensor, 208 plug, 300 AC power supply.

Claims (1)

A solar cell that converts light energy into electric power;
A power storage device provided in a vehicle interior and charged using electric power output from the solar cell;
A control device that controls charging / discharging of the power storage device so that the SOC of the power storage device falls within a range between an upper limit value and a lower limit value;
The control device calculates a difference between a maximum value and an average value of the charging power amount of the solar cell in a predetermined period, which is calculated from an output history of the solar cell, and a charging power amount in a predetermined period on the light receiving surface of the solar cell. And determining whether or not the power storage device is in a high temperature environment that can be in a high temperature state, and if it is determined to be in the high temperature environment, lowering the upper limit value of the SOC ,vehicle.

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