JP2018091044A - Quake absorption column and building foundation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a quake absorption column and building foundation structure which can achieve the sufficient quake absorption effect with respect to the earthquake vibration having a wide range waveform from the short period to the long period and/or prevent transmission of the earthquake vibration to buildings.SOLUTION: There are provided a quake absorption column and a building foundation structure having the quake absorption column. The quake absorption column is obtained by laminating convex and concave blocks. The convex block includes an upper protrusion part, a lower protrusion part and a first outer peripheral part on the outer side thereof. The concave block includes an upper recess part, a lower recess part and a second outer peripheral part on the outer side thereof. The upper protrusion part and the lower protrusion part are respectively stored in the lower recess part and the upper recess part. A first elastic member is interposed between the first outer peripheral part and the second outer peripheral part. Second elastic members are interposed between the upper protrusion part and the lower recess part and between the lower protrusion part and the upper recess part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration absorbing column for improving the earthquake resistance of a building such as a house and a building foundation structure using the vibration absorbing column.

  Conventionally, vibration absorbers that attenuate and absorb building vibration caused by earthquakes have been proposed. For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a vibration absorber made of laminated rubber, Patent Document 3 discloses a vibration absorber in which a plurality of earthquake-resistant rubbers and a plurality of plate-like bodies are laminated, and Patent Document 4 Disclosed is a vibration absorber in which a plurality of precast concrete blocks are tightly coupled with a prestress applied with a tension material.

JP 2002-371723 A JP 2001-329715 A Utility Model Registration No. 3091236 JP 2002-13315 A

  Patent Documents 1 to 4 deal with short-period ground motions such as direct earthquakes, and have not been able to obtain a sufficient vibration absorption effect for both short-period ground motions and long-period ground motions. Especially, the vibration mitigation effect for long-period ground motion was very small.

  In the past, there was no one that placed a vibration absorber under the foundation concrete. The vibration absorbers of Patent Documents 1 to 4 are arranged above the foundation concrete. When a vibration absorber is placed above the foundation concrete, it is necessary to receive certification under the Building Standards Act, which leads to an increase in building costs.

<Configuration 1>
It is a vibration absorption column with a convex block and a concave block laminated,
The convex block has an upper convex portion and a lower convex portion, and a first outer peripheral portion outside the convex portion,
The concave block has an upper concave portion and a lower concave portion, and a second outer peripheral portion outside the concave portion,
The upper convex portion and the lower convex portion are accommodated in the lower concave portion and the upper concave portion, respectively,
A vibration absorbing column having a first elastic member interposed between the first outer peripheral portion and the second outer peripheral portion.
<Configuration 2>
The vibration absorption column of the structure 1 which inserted the 2nd elastic member between the said upper convex part and the said lower recessed part, and between the said lower convex part and the said upper recessed part.
<Configuration 3>
Vibration absorption of Configuration 1 or 2 in which a gap is formed between the first outer peripheral portion and the second outer peripheral portion, between the upper convex portion and the lower concave portion, and between the lower convex portion and the upper concave portion. Pillar.
<Configuration 4>
The vibration absorption column according to any one of configurations 1 to 3, wherein the convex block and the concave block are bundled together by a rope member inserted through a through hole formed in the convex block and the concave block.
<Configuration 5>
The vibration absorption column according to Configuration 4, further comprising a tension member for applying tension to the rope member.
<Configuration 6>
The vibration absorbing column of Configuration 5, wherein the tension member is accommodated in the upper recess of the uppermost concave block.
<Configuration 7>
The vibration-absorbing column according to configuration 6, wherein the uppermost concave block is formed integrally with a concrete foundation.
<Configuration 8>
The convex block is
An upward convex block having the upward convex part;
A downwardly convex block having the downwardly convex part;
The vibration absorption column according to any one of configurations 1 to 7, wherein the vibration absorption column is a laminated body of a first elastic sheet disposed between the upper convex block and the lower convex block.
<Configuration 9>
The concave block is
An upper concave block having the upper concave portion;
A lower recess block having the lower recess;
The vibration absorption column according to any one of configurations 1 to 8, wherein the vibration absorption column is a laminated body of a second elastic sheet disposed between the upper concave block and the lower concave block.
<Configuration 10>
A building foundation structure in which a concrete foundation is arranged on a vibration absorbing column of any of configurations 1 to 9.
<Configuration 11>
A plurality of the vibration absorbing columns are disposed under the concrete foundation;
The building foundation structure of the structure 10 in which each said vibration absorption column has a lifting mechanism for lifting the said vibration absorption column.

The example convex block 10 used for the vibration absorption pillar 40 of one Embodiment of this invention is shown. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a side sectional view. An exemplary concave block 20 used for vibration absorbing column 40 is shown. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a side sectional view. The vibration absorption column 40 and the building foundation structure 1 are shown. The external shape of the example 1st elastic body 41 used for the vibration absorption column 40 is shown. The external shape of the example 2nd elastic body 42 used for the vibration absorption column 40 is shown. The example of arrangement | positioning of the building foundation structure 1 seen from the side is shown. The example of arrangement | positioning of the building foundation structure 1 seen from upper direction is shown. The building foundation structure 1A of other embodiment of this invention is shown. An exemplary upward convex block 10U is shown. (A) is the perspective view seen from the upper part, (b) is the perspective view seen from the lower part, (c) is a sectional side view. An exemplary upper concave block 20U is shown. (A) is the perspective view seen from the upper part, (b) is the perspective view seen from the lower part, (c) is a sectional side view. An exemplary first elastic sheet 10M is shown. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a side sectional view. The building foundation structure 1B of other embodiment of this invention is shown. The structural example of the expansion | extension mechanism 81 of other embodiment of this invention is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the convex block 10 includes a first outer peripheral portion 11, an upper convex portion 12, a lower convex portion 13, and a through hole 14. The convex block 10 is preferably made of concrete. Other materials such as stone and steel may be used.

  The outer shape of the first outer peripheral portion 11 is preferably a rectangular parallelepiped. Other shapes such as a cylindrical shape may be used. It is preferable to form a plurality of recesses 15U and 15D on the upper surface 11U and the lower surface 11D of the first outer peripheral portion 11. The upper convex portion 12 protrudes upward from the upper surface 11U inside the first outer peripheral portion 11, and the lower convex portion 13 protrudes downward from the lower surface 11D inside the first outer peripheral portion 11. The upper convex portion 12 and the lower convex portion 13 are preferably frustoconical shapes. Other shapes such as a bell shape or a spherical shape may be used. The through hole 14 may penetrate between the upper convex portion 12 and the lower convex portion 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the concave block 20 has a second outer peripheral portion 21, an upper concave portion 22, a lower concave portion 23, and a through hole 24. The concave block 20 is preferably made of concrete. Other materials such as stone and steel may be used.

  The outer shape of the second outer peripheral portion 21 is preferably a rectangular parallelepiped. Other external shapes such as a cylindrical shape may be used. It is preferable to form a plurality of concave portions 25U and 25D on the upper surface 21U and the lower surface 21D of the second outer peripheral portion 21. The upper concave portion 22 is recessed downward from the upper surface 21U inside the second outer peripheral portion 21, and the lower concave portion 23 is recessed upward from the lower surface 21D inside the second outer peripheral portion 21. The upper concave portion 22 and the lower concave portion 23 have a size and shape that can accommodate the lower convex portion 13 and the upper convex portion 12, and particularly have a size and shape that is complementary to the lower convex portion 13 and the upper convex portion 12. The through hole 24 may penetrate between the upper recess 22 and the lower recess 23.

  The building foundation structure 1 in FIG. 3 includes a hollow tube 30, a vibration absorption column 40, and a binding member.

  The hollow tube 30 can be a fume tube or the like. Although the shape of the hollow tube 30 is arbitrary, it may be a quadrangular prism, a cylinder, or the like according to the outer shape of the first and second outer peripheral portions 11 and 12. The hollow tube 30 is buried in the ground. As illustrated, the upper end of the hollow tube 30 may be exposed on the ground GL. A crushed stone layer may be formed under the hollow tube 30. A base 31 may be disposed at the bottom of the hollow tube 30. Although the figure shows a bottomed fume tube, the bottomed pipe may not be provided, and the base 31 may be omitted.

  The vibration absorption column 40 includes a convex block 10, a concave block 20, and a first elastic member 41. It is particularly preferable that the vibration absorbing column 40 also has a second elastic member 42.

  The convex block 10 and the concave block 20 are alternately stacked vertically with the lower convex portion 13 inserted into the upper concave portion 22 and the upper convex portion 12 inserted into the lower concave portion 23. The uppermost and lowermost concave blocks 20 have a different shape from the other concave blocks 20 for stable placement on the base 31, connection with the concrete foundation 60, and the like.

  The first elastic member 41 and the second elastic member 42 can use an elastic material such as rubber, soft plastic, or a spring. FIGS. 4 and 5 show the outer shapes of the first elastic member 41 and the second elastic member 42 exemplarily shown in FIGS. The first elastic member 41 has a barrel shape. It may be cylindrical. The second elastic member 42 may have a donut shape.

  The first elastic member 41 is formed between the upper and lower first outer peripheral portions 11 and the second outer peripheral portion 21 (between the upper surface 11U of the convex block 10 and the lower surface 21D of the concave block 20, and the lower surface 11D of the convex block 10 and the concave block. 20 between the upper surface 21U of 20). The first elastic member 41 may be stabilized when inserted into the recesses 15U, 15D, 25U, and 25D. The second elastic member 42 is inserted between the lower convex portion 13 of the convex block 10 and the upper concave portion 22 of the concave block 20 and between the upper convex portion 12 of the convex block 10 and the lower concave portion 23 of the concave block 20. .

  When the first elastic member 41 and the second elastic member 42 are compressed by the weight of the concrete foundation 60 or the building on the concrete foundation 60, the space between the adjacent convex blocks 10 and the concave blocks 20 (the first outer peripheral portion 11 and the second elastic member 11). Of the first elastic member 41 and the second elastic member 42 so that gaps are formed between the outer peripheral portion 21, between the lower convex portion 13 and the upper concave portion 22, and between the upper convex portion 12 and the lower concave portion 23. The material, shape, size, etc. should be selected.

  In this example, the concave blocks 20 are arranged at the uppermost and lowermost stages of the vibration absorption column 40. The lowermost concave block 20 can be stably placed on the base 31 because the cross-sectional area of the lower concave portion 23 is small. The uppermost concave block 20 is formed integrally with the concrete foundation 60. The concrete foundation 60 is, for example, a solid foundation.

  The binding member includes a rope member 51, a tension member 52, and clasps / washers 53a and 53b.

  The rope member 51 is preferably made of a tough and flexible material such as a rope, string, wire, wire, or iron bar. The tension member 52 is a member for generating tension in the rope member 51 (or applying a compressive force to the laminate of the convex block 10 and the concave block 20). An elastic material such as a spring can be used for the tension member 52. The rope member 51 is inserted into each of the through holes 14 and 24, the upper end is fixed to the upper concave portion 22 of the uppermost concave block 20 by a clasp 53a via a tension member 52, and the lower end is the lowermost step by a clasp 53b. The concave block 20 is fixed to the lower concave portion 23. The lowermost block 10 and the base 31 may be fixed with bolts 62.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a plurality of building foundation structures 1 can be arranged under one concrete foundation 60. FIG. 7 shows an example in which nine building foundation structures 1 are arranged in a matrix. A building 70 is arranged on the concrete foundation 60.

  In the building foundation structure 1, vibrations of a direct type can be effectively absorbed by expansion and contraction of the first elastic member 41 (or the first elastic member 41 and the second elastic member 42). Further, due to the elasticity of the first elastic member 41 (or the first elastic member 41 and the second elastic member 42), the individual convex blocks 10 and the concave blocks 20 are transverse to the upper and lower concave blocks 20 and the convex blocks 10. Therefore, it is possible to effectively absorb earthquakes in a wide range of waveforms from short periods to long periods. Even if the earthquake has a large seismic intensity, the seismic intensity of vibration transmitted to the building 70 on the building foundation structure 1 can be reduced. Since the upper and lower concave portions 22 and 23 are accommodated in the large upper and lower concave portions 22 and 23, the vibration absorbing column 40 is not easily broken even in a large earthquake. Since the vibration absorption column 40 is formed under the concrete foundation 60, the construction cost is reduced in relation to the Building Standard Law.

  FIG. 8 shows a building foundation structure 1A according to another embodiment. In the building foundation structure 1A, convex blocks 10A and concave blocks 20A are alternately stacked. The convex block 10A can have the same shape as the convex block 10, and the concave block 20A can have the same shape as the concave block 20. The convex block 10A is a laminate of an upward convex block 10U / first elastic sheet 10M / downward convex block 10D, and the concave block 20A is a laminate of upper concave block 20U / second elastic sheet 20M / lower concave block 20D. is there. In this example, the upper convex block 10U and the lower convex block 10D have the same shape, the upper concave block 20U and the lower concave block 20D have the same shape, and the first elastic sheet 10M and the second elastic sheet 20M have the same shape.

  9, 10 and 11 show the shapes of the upper convex block 10U, the upper concave block 20U and the first elastic sheet 10M. Since the downward convex block 10D, the downward concave block 20D, and the second elastic sheet 20M have the same shape as these, illustration is omitted. The same reference numerals are given to the portions corresponding to FIGS. The first elastic sheet 10M has a plurality of convex portions 10P on both sides. The said convex part 10P can be accommodated in the recessed part 10R formed in bottom surfaces, such as the upper convex block 10U and the upper concave block 20U.

  In the building foundation structure 1A, in addition to achieving the same effect as that of the building foundation structure 1, effects such as ease of assembly for convenience of storage and transportation of materials are achieved.

  FIG. 12 shows a building foundation structure 1B according to still another embodiment. The building foundation structure 1B is the same as the building foundation structure 1 except that a lifting mechanism 80 is provided below the vibration absorbing column 40.

  The lifting mechanism 80 includes an extension mechanism 81 that can be extended as necessary, an injection pipe 82 that can inject a solidifying agent such as raw concrete, and a pedestal 83 on which the vibration absorbing column 40 is placed.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of the extension mechanism 81. The extending mechanism 81 shown in the figure includes an inner cylinder 84, an outer cylinder 85 that can slide up and down with respect to the inner cylinder 84, a bellows bag 86, a tube 87 connected to the bellows bag 86, and the like. The tip of the tube 87 is drawn out to the ground, and fluid such as air can be injected from the ground.

  In the building foundation structure 1B, the vibration absorbing column 40 can be lifted as shown in FIG. 13B by extending the extension mechanism 81 by injecting air into the bellows bag 86 or the like. Thereafter, the lifted state can be maintained by injecting / solidifying raw concrete or the like from the injection tube 82 into the space generated by the lifting. Therefore, when the building 70 is inclined due to soft ground or the like, the inclination of the building 70 can be repaired by lifting the vibration absorbing column 40 at the settlement site. Of course, the same lifting mechanism 80 may be applied to the building foundation structure 1A.

  The building foundation structure and vibration absorbing columns described in the above embodiment, the dimensions, shape, arrangement, number, material, and the like of these elements are merely examples, and other aspects are possible. “A, B, C and D” and the like in the present application are abbreviations such as “A and B and C and D”. “A and / or B” is an abbreviation for “A or B or A and B”.

1, 1A, 1B ... Building foundation structure 10, 10A ... Convex block 10D ... Down convex block 10M ... First elastic sheet 10P ... Convex parts 10R, 15D, 15U, 25D, 25U · Concave portion 10U · · · convex block 11 · · · first outer peripheral portions 11D and 21D · · · lower surface 11U and 21U · · · upper surface 12 · · · convex portion 13 · · · downward convex portion -Through holes 20, 20A ... concave block 20D ... lower concave block 20M ... second elastic sheet 20U ... upper concave block 21 ... second outer peripheral part 22 ... upper concave part 23 ... Lower recess 30 ... hollow tube 31 ... base 40 ... vibration absorbing column 41 ... first elastic member 42 ... second elastic member 51 ... rope member 52 ... tensile member 53a, 53b ... Clasp / washer 60 ... Concrete foundation 6 ... Bolt 70 ... Building 80 ... Lifting mechanism 81 ... Extension mechanism 82 ... Injection pipe 83 ... Base 84 ... Inner cylinder 85 ... Outer cylinder 86 ... Bellows Bag 87 ... Tube GL ... Ground

Claims (11)

It is a vibration absorption column with a convex block and a concave block laminated,
The convex block has an upper convex portion and a lower convex portion, and a first outer peripheral portion outside the convex portion,
The concave block has an upper concave portion and a lower concave portion, and a second outer peripheral portion outside the concave portion,
The upper convex portion and the lower convex portion are accommodated in the lower concave portion and the upper concave portion, respectively,
A vibration absorbing column having a first elastic member interposed between the first outer peripheral portion and the second outer peripheral portion.   The vibration absorption column according to claim 1, wherein a second elastic member is interposed between the upper convex portion and the lower concave portion and between the lower convex portion and the upper concave portion.   The vibration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein gaps are formed between the first outer peripheral portion and the second outer peripheral portion, between the upper convex portion and the lower concave portion, and between the lower convex portion and the upper concave portion. Absorption column.   The vibration absorption column according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the convex block and the concave block are bundled by a rope member inserted through a through hole formed in the convex block and the concave block.   The vibration absorption column according to claim 4, further comprising a tension member for applying tension to the rope member.   The vibration absorption column according to claim 5, wherein the tension member is accommodated in the upper recess of the uppermost concave block.   The vibration absorbing column according to claim 6, wherein the uppermost concave block is formed integrally with a concrete foundation. The convex block is
An upward convex block having the upward convex part;
A downwardly convex block having the downwardly convex part;
The vibration absorbing column according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing column is a laminated body of a first elastic sheet disposed between the upper convex block and the lower convex block. The concave block is
An upper concave block having the upper concave portion;
A lower recess block having the lower recess;
The vibration absorbing column according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is a laminated body of a second elastic sheet disposed between the upper concave block and the lower concave block.   A building foundation structure in which a concrete foundation is arranged on the vibration-absorbing column according to claim 1. A plurality of the vibration absorbing columns are disposed under the concrete foundation;
The building foundation structure according to claim 10, wherein each of the vibration absorption columns has a lifting mechanism for lifting the vibration absorption columns.