JP2018089580A - Wood crusher and vehicle having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood crusher capable of aligning a size of a crushing object in a size of a constant range, and a vehicle having the same.SOLUTION: A wood crusher 30 comprises a wood insertion part 40 having a crushing unit 31 and a feed rotor 36 arranged in a wood input port 34a of the crushing unit 31 and pushing wood in a crushing unit 34a and including an insertion passage R connected to the wood input port and a wall surface for enclosing the periphery of the insertion passage R and an upstream side rotor 48 arranged in the middle of the wood insertion part 40 and feeding the wood to the feed rotor 36 side while sandwiching the wood between a road surface of the insertion passage R and itself, and when the wood pushed in the crushing unit 31 moves in the crossing direction with the longitudinal direction by reaction in crushing time by the upstream side rotor 48 and the feed rotor 36, the movement of the wood is regulated by allowing the wood to abut on the wall surface of the wood insertion part 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood crushing device, and more particularly to a wood crushing device for crushing long wood.

  In recent years, attempts have been made to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, which is one of the greenhouse gases, by using long timber such as felled bamboo as fuel for thermal power generation and the like. As described above, when wood such as bamboo is used as a fuel for thermal power generation or the like, it is necessary to preliminarily make the wood into chip-like crushed material.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a wood crushing device that crushes bamboo material, which is conveyed to a crushing rotor by a conveyor, against a crushing rotor in a state of being sandwiched between the conveyor and a feeding device.

Japanese Patent No. 4294717

  In the wood crushing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, long wood such as bamboo can be crushed into chips, but the length of the timber is exposed by reaction during crushing, so the size of the chip-like crushed material is large. There is a problem that it becomes uneven. If a crushed material that is too large is mixed in the crushed material, there is a possibility that the conveyance may be hindered when the crushed material is put into a combustion furnace by a belt conveyor or the like. On the other hand, if the crushed material is too fine, there is a problem that the crushed material burns out in a short time and it is difficult to stably burn it.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a wood crushing apparatus capable of aligning the size of crushed material within a certain range, and a vehicle including the same.

  The wood crushing apparatus of the present invention is a wood crushing apparatus having a crushing unit that crushes long wood into chips, and a feed rotor that is disposed at a wood input port of the crushing unit and pushes the wood into the crushing unit. The feed rotor is disposed between the wood insertion portion including the insertion path connected to the wood insertion port and the wall surface surrounding the insertion path, and the wood insertion portion, with the wood sandwiched between the road surface of the insertion path. An upstream rotor that feeds wood toward the wall, and when the wood pushed into the crushing unit by the upstream rotor and the feed rotor moves in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction due to reaction during crushing, the wall surface of the wood insertion portion The movement of the wood is regulated by the contact of the wood with the wood.

  In the wood crushing apparatus of the present invention, the wood insertion portion may be formed in a cylindrical shape by one or a plurality of guide members.

  In the wood crushing apparatus of the present invention, the upstream rotor is supported so as to be movable, and may have a function of reducing movement in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the wood.

  A vehicle according to the present invention includes a wood crushing apparatus according to any one of the above inventions, a vehicle main body on which the wood crushing apparatus is mounted, a storage position where the wood crushing apparatus is stored in the vehicle main body, and a use position where the wood crushing apparatus is used. And a support part for supporting the wood crushing device on the vehicle body so as to be movable between the two.

  According to the wood crushing apparatus and the vehicle of the present invention, even if the long wood moves in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction due to the reaction during crushing, the long wood abuts against the wall surface of the wood input portion, and the long wood is moved. Is suppressed. For this reason, wood can be crushed in a chip shape while suppressing movement of the wood due to reaction during crushing. As a result, the size of the crushed material can be made uniform within a certain range.

1 is a side view of a vehicle partially including a partially enlarged view of a rear portion of a vehicle to which a wood crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the state seen from the vehicle rear part which includes the partial enlarged view of the timber crushing apparatus installed in the vehicle rear part shown in FIG. Fig.3 (a) is a figure which shows the structure of the wood crushing apparatus in top view. FIG.3 (b) is AA sectional drawing shown to Fig.3 (a). FIG.3 (c) is a figure which shows the accommodation state of a wood crushing apparatus. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the long bamboo material inserted into the wood crushing device is sent out toward the feed rotor by the upstream rotor. FIG.4 (b) is a figure which shows the state by which the front-end | tip of a long timber is crushed by the crushing rotor at chip shape. FIG.4 (c) is a figure which shows the state which the bamboo crushed by the crushing rotor jumped up by reaction. Fig.5 (a) is a figure which shows the side surface structure of the modification of a wood crushing apparatus. FIG.5 (b) is a figure which shows the structure of the wood insertion part seen from the C direction shown to Fig.5 (a). It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification of the upstream rotor in a wood crushing apparatus.

  Hereinafter, a vehicle including a wood crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the vehicle 10 includes a driver's seat cabin 12, a cargo box 14 disposed on the rear portion of the driver's seat cabin 12 for loading crushed materials, and wood crushing for crushing long wood. Device 30. Here, the long wood includes bamboo.

  The driver's seat cabin 12 and the cargo box 14 are connected and fixed to each other via a chassis 16. The packing box 14 is provided with an opening 14a at the rear end, and a wood crushing device 30 is mounted at the center of the opening 14a. The wood crushing device 30 is rotatably attached to a use position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1 and a storage position indicated by a broken line. Further, a storage drum (not shown) is built in the back side of the wood crushing device 30 in the packing box 14, and the crushed material is sequentially conveyed to the bottom side of the storage drum, that is, the front of the vehicle as the storage drum rotates. It is configured to The wood crushing device 30 may be mounted on, for example, a cargo bed fixed to the vehicle main body.

  Further, the packing box 14 is provided with an operating device 18 for operating the wood crushing device 30 on the rear side surface, and the wood crushing device 30 can be operated by operating the operating device 18.

  Next, the configuration of the wood crusher 30 will be described with further reference to FIG. FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an overall configuration of the wood crusher 30 in a top view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. FIG. 3C is a diagram illustrating a housing state of the wood crushing device 30.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the wood crushing device 30 includes a crushing unit 31 that crushes long wood and a feed rotor 36 that feeds the long wood into the crushing unit 31.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the crushing unit 31 includes a crushing rotor 32 that rotates in the rotation direction B, and a scattering prevention cover 34 that covers the outer periphery of the crushing rotor 32. The crushing rotor 32 includes a rotor main body 32a formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and a pair of crushing blades 33a and 33b fixed to the rotor main body 32a.

  The crushing blade 33a is fixed to the rotor main body 32a with a bolt while being sandwiched between the fixing blocks BL. The crushing blade 33b is also fixed to the rotor body 32a by the same configuration. The crushing blades 33a and 33b are arranged such that the blade tips slightly protrude from the peripheral surface of the rotor body 32a. The rotor body 32a is rotationally driven by a motor M3 attached to one end.

  The scattering prevention cover 34 is installed so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the rotor main body 32a, and has a role of preventing scattering of crushed materials. Further, the scattering prevention cover 34 is provided with a wood insertion port 34 a communicating with the insertion path R.

  The feed rotor 36 is arranged immediately after the crushing rotor 32, that is, upstream in the feed direction of the long wood, and is rotationally driven in the same direction as the crushing rotor 32 by a drive motor M1 attached to one end. The feed rotor 36 is pivotally supported by a support shaft 31a provided at the front end portion of the crushing unit 31 via a pair of curved arms 38a and 38b. With this configuration, the feed rotor 36 is supported so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the feed rotor 36 has plate-like blades that are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis and have a saw blade shape in the radial direction. For this reason, the feed rotor 36 can feed the wood to the crushing rotor 32 with a strong force when the long wood is sandwiched between the feed rotor 36 and the insertion path R.

  The crushing unit 31 includes support arms (support portions) 39a and 39b provided upright on both end sides in the axial direction of the feed rotor 36. The support arms 39a and 39b are provided with a support shaft 39c between their tips, and support the wood insertion portion 40 between the use position and the storage position via the support shaft 39c. ing.

  The wood crushing device 30 includes a wood insertion portion 40 that is connected to the wood input port 34 a of the crushing unit 31. The wood insertion portion 40 includes a cylindrical body 42 that is a guide member, a support base 54 that is attached to the upper portion of the cylindrical body 42, and a positioning plate 56 that is attached to the lower surface of the cylindrical body 42.

  The cylindrical body 42 has an annular cross section, functions as an insertion path R connected to the wood insertion port 34a, and also functions as a wall surface surrounding the insertion path R. Further, the cylindrical body 42 is provided so that an opening 42a having a substantially semicircular shape in a side view faces the insertion path R. The opening 42a is arranged so that an upstream rotor 48 described later is fitted therein.

  The wood crushing device 30 includes an upstream rotor 48 in the middle of the wood insertion portion 40. The upstream rotor 48 has a function of conveying long wood along the insertion path R and reducing upward movement of the long wood by its own weight. The upstream rotor 48 includes plate-like blades fixed at equal intervals around the central axis, and is rotationally driven in the same direction as the crushing rotor 32 by a drive motor M2 attached to one end. The plate blades may be formed in a saw blade shape like the plate blades of the feed rotor 36.

  The upstream rotor 48 is supported so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction via a pair of substantially L-shaped curved arms 49a and 49b supported by the support shaft 39c described above. The bending arms 49a and 49b are connected and fixed to each other via a connecting shaft 49d, and are configured to rotate integrally in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the bending arms 49 a and 49 b are provided with extending portions T <b> 1 and T <b> 2 extending downward from the upstream rotor 48 at the distal ends. The extending portions T1 and T2 are provided so as to abut on position adjusting bolts 53a and 53b that are screwed into protruding plates 52a and 52b protruding from the positioning plate 56.

  Thereby, a fixed interval is secured between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R, and it is easy to insert long wood between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R. Further, the size of the gap between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R can be adjusted by adjusting the protruding amount of the position adjusting bolts 53a and 53b.

  In the present embodiment, an example is given in which the upstream rotor 48 rotates in the vertical direction, but the upstream rotor 48 may be arranged to rotate in the horizontal direction, for example. In this case, the movement of the long wood in the horizontal direction may be restricted by urging the upstream rotor 48 to the inside of the insertion path R using the elastic force of the spring or the like.

  The support base 54 is a member having a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section, and is provided so as to be inclined forward when viewed from the side. Connecting ribs 54a and 54b are provided on the upper surface of the support base 54, and the support shaft 39c described above is inserted into the connecting ribs 54a and 54b. With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 3C, the cylindrical body 42 can be rotated from the use position to the storage position.

  The positioning plate 56 is made of a plate material having a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section, and has a function of positioning the cylindrical body 42 by contacting the pedestal 31c of the crushing unit 31 when the cylindrical body 42 rotates to the use position.

  The positioning plate 56a is provided at the front end so that the fixing hole 56a shown in FIG. 3B and the fixing hole 56b shown in FIG. 1 face each other. The fixing holes 56a and 56b are provided at positions where the fixing holes 56a and 56b overlap with the fixing holes of the protruding plates PL1 (see FIG. 3B) and PL2 (see FIG. 1) provided in the crushing unit 31, respectively. For this reason, when a bolt is inserted into one of the projecting plates PL1 and PL2 at the use position, the bolt is inserted into the fixing hole 56a or the fixing hole 56b, and the positioning plate 56a can be fixed. Thereby, the wood insertion part 40 can be fixed in a use position. Moreover, you may make it fix the positioning board 56 also using a fixing tool, such as a hook and a volt | bolt, in an accommodation position.

  Then, the crushing method of the long timber using the timber crushing apparatus 30 is demonstrated using Fig.4 (a)-FIG.4 (c). In the following description, a long bamboo will be described as an example of a long wood. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the long bamboo material inserted into the wood insertion portion 40 in the wood crushing device 30 is sent out toward the feed rotor 36 by the upstream rotor 48. FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a state in which the tip of the long bamboo material sent out by the upstream rotor 48 and the feed rotor 36 is crushed into chips by the crushing rotor 32. FIG. 4C is a diagram showing a state in which a long bamboo crushed by the crushing rotor 32 is jumped up by reaction.

  The operator removes, for example, a fixing tool such as a hook that fixes the wood insertion portion 40 of the wood crushing device 30 in the accommodation position, and rotates the wood insertion portion 40 downward to the use position. Then, a fixing bolt is inserted into one of the protruding plates PL1 (see FIG. 3C) and PL2 (see FIG. 1) to fix the positioning plate 56 at the use position. Then, the wood crusher 30 is operated by operating the operating device 18 provided in the packing box 14. Thereafter, the long bamboo is inserted into the cylinder 42 of the wood insertion portion 40. As shown in FIG. 4A, when a long bamboo is sandwiched between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R, the bamboo is moved toward the downstream feed rotor 36 as the upstream rotor 48 rotates. Is sent out. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the tip of the bamboo is sandwiched between the feed rotor 36 and the insertion path R, the outer surface of the crushing rotor 32 is moved along with the rotation of the crushing rotor 32 and the upstream rotor 48. Bamboo is pressed and crushed into chips.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), even if the bamboo jumps upward due to the reaction at the time of crushing, the bamboo comes into contact with the cylindrical body 42, so that the movement of the bamboo is restricted.

  According to the wood crushing apparatus 30 of the present invention, even if the long bamboo crosses the longitudinal direction due to the reaction during crushing, for example, the vertical bamboo moves on the inner wall of the cylinder 42 in the wood insertion portion 40. The movement of the bamboo can be restricted by the contact. For this reason, the bamboo can be crushed into chips while suppressing the movement of the bamboo due to the reaction during crushing. As a result, the size of the crushed material crushed into chips can be set to a certain size, for example, the size of one side is 2 cm to 5 cm.

  Then, the modification of the wood crushing apparatus 30 in this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. 5 and FIG. In the following description, parts that have the same configuration as the wood crushing device 30 in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the above embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate, and only parts having different configurations will be described. And

  FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a wood insertion portion 60 that is a modification of the wood insertion portion 40 in the wood crushing device 30. FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the configuration of the end face of the wood insertion portion viewed from the direction C. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the wood insertion portion 60 includes an upper cover portion 62 and a lower cover portion 64 having a substantially U-shaped cross section. Both cover parts 62 and 64 are arranged so that the opening ends of each other face each other, and have a substantially rectangular external shape when viewed from the direction C.

  The upper cover part 62 includes a first guide member 62a and a second guide member 62b. The first guide member 62a is disposed so as to cover the insertion path R between the feed rotor 36 and the upstream rotor 48, and the second guide member 62b is located upstream of the upstream rotor 48 in the insertion direction of the long wood. Has been placed. Here, since the structure of each guide member 62a, 62b is the same, in the following description, only the structure of the 1st guide member 62a is demonstrated.

  The first guide member 62 a is fixed to fixing members 66 and 68 erected on the positioning plate 56 and functions as the wall surfaces of the upper surface and both side surfaces of the wood insertion portion 60. Here, since the structure of each fixing member 66 and 68 is the same, only the structure of the fixing member 66 is demonstrated. The fixing member 66 includes stays 66a and 66b that face each other with the first guide member 62a interposed therebetween. A plurality of fixing holes H1, H2, and H3 are provided in the stay 66a along the longitudinal direction. A bolt inserted into one of the fixing holes is screwed into a screw hole provided in the second guide member 62a so that the vertical position of the second guide member 62a can be changed. The stay 66b also has the same configuration as the stay 66a.

  In addition, extension plates 69a and 69b are attached along the lower end of the second guide member 62b. Thereby, a clearance gap is not formed between the 2nd guide member 62a and the lower cover part 64 mentioned later, and it can prevent that a long timber protrudes from the wood insertion part 60. FIG. The lower cover portion 64 is configured by a plate material having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and functions as a road surface and a wall surface of the insertion path R.

  According to the configuration of the wood insertion portion 60, the vertical dimension of the transport path R can be changed according to the thickness of the long wood by changing the attachment position of the upper cover portion 62.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an upstream rotor 70 that is a modification of the upstream rotor 48. As shown in FIG. 6, the upstream rotor 70 is configured such that its diameter gradually becomes smaller than both axial ends as it goes toward the central portion in the axial direction. In this configuration, since the gap between the upstream rotor 70 and the insertion path R at the axial center is larger than the gap at both ends in the axial direction, it is easy to insert the long wood into the axial center and smooth conveyance. Is possible.

  The present invention can be implemented in a mode in which various improvements, modifications, or variations are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Moreover, you may implement with the form which substituted any invention specific matter to the other technique within the range which the same effect | action or effect produces.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle 12 Driver's seat cabin 14 Cargo box 30 Wood crushing device 31 Crushing unit 32 Crushing rotor 32a Rotor main body 34a Wood input port 36 Feed rotor 39a, 39b Support arm (support part)
40, 60 Wood insertion part 42 Cylindrical body 48 Upstream rotor 62 Upper cover part 64 Lower cover part R Insertion path

Claims (4)

A crushing unit having a crushing unit that crushes long wood into chips, and a feed rotor that is disposed at a wood input port of the crushing unit and pushes the wood into the crushing unit,
A wood insertion portion including an insertion path connected to the wood insertion port, and a wall surface surrounding the circumference of the insertion path;
An upstream rotor that is arranged in the middle of the wood insertion portion and feeds the wood toward the feed rotor while sandwiching the wood between the insertion surface and the road surface;
With
When the wood pushed into the crushing unit by the upstream rotor and the feed rotor moves in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction due to a reaction during crushing, the wood comes into contact with the wall surface of the wood insertion portion. The wood crushing apparatus is characterized in that movement of the wood is restricted.   The wood crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wood insertion portion is configured in a cylindrical shape by one or a plurality of guide members.   The wood crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upstream rotor is supported so as to be movable, and has a function of reducing movement in a direction intersecting a longitudinal direction of the wood. The wood crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A vehicle body on which the wood crusher is mounted;
A vehicle provided with the support part which makes the said vehicle main body support the said wood crushing device so that movement between the accommodation position which accommodates the said wood crushing device in the said vehicle main body, and the use position which uses the said wood crushing device.

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