JP2018077249A - Three-dimensional measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce measurement dispersion between measurers.SOLUTION: Provided is a three-dimensional measurement device for manually bringing a probe into contact with a workpiece measurement point when measurement is performed, the three-dimensional measurement device including warning means for issuing a warning when the probe manipulation is improperly operated contrary to a prescribed measurement condition that is set for each measurement point, the measurement condition being loaded from a part program for each measurement point, the content of the improper operation being at least one or more of (1) and (2) below: (1) the movement speed of the probe is greater than or equal to a prescribed speed, (2) the acceleration of the probe is greater than or equal to a prescribed acceleration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the dimensions of an object, and more particularly, to a three-dimensional measuring machine in which a measurer manually measures a probe by contacting the probe with a measurement point.

  Conventionally, contact-type three-dimensional measuring machines have been used for measuring dimensions of industrial products and parts of industrial products. A 3D measuring device detects the 3D coordinate value at the point of contact by bringing a terminal called a probe into contact with various locations of the measurement object, and calculates various dimensions of the measurement object from the coordinates. It is a device to do.

  Such a three-dimensional measuring machine is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. The three-dimensional measuring machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a gate-shaped movable frame supported on both sides of a measurement table so as to be slidable in the X direction, and is slidably supported on the movable frame and perpendicular to the X direction. A probe having a head portion slidable in the Y direction and a lifting shaft supported so as to be movable up and down in the vertical direction, that is, in the Z direction with respect to the head portion. It can be moved and positioned.

  In addition, in the three-dimensional measuring machine, the tip of the probe is made of a hard and wear-resistant material such as artificial ruby or ceramics into a high-precision spherical shape. The machine makes the tip of the probe contact the finished surface of the workpiece such as an engine block placed on the measurement table, measures the displacement from the reference position of the probe, and whether the workpiece is finished to the specified dimensions. I'm going to inspect it.

JP 2002-195820 A

  However, the conventional three-dimensional measuring machine as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that variations in measured values increase depending on the skill of the measurer. According to the inventors' earnest research, the causes of variations in measurement values are the displacement of the position where the probe is applied as a measurement point, the speed and acceleration of the probe when the probe is brought into contact with the measurement point, and the probe applied to the measurement point. Therefore, it was found that the direction when approaching (a vector toward the measurement point) was shifted from the normal direction of the measurement point.

  In view of the actual situation, the present invention is intended to provide a three-dimensional measuring machine that hardly causes variations in measured values due to the skill of a measurer.

The problems of the present invention can be solved by the following inventions. In other words, the three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention is a three-dimensional measuring machine that manually measures a probe by contacting it with a measurement point of a workpiece, and the operation of the probe is a predetermined measurement set for each measurement point. The main feature is that warning means for issuing a warning in the case of an erroneous operation, which is an operation deviating from the conditions, is provided, and the measurement conditions are read from the part program for each measurement point.
As a result, a warning is issued in the case of an erroneous operation, and the measurer can perform re-measurement so that no warning is issued, so that variations in measured values are unlikely to occur.

In addition, the three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention is mainly characterized in that the erroneous operation is at least one of the following (1) to (2).
(1) The moving speed of the probe is not less than a predetermined speed.
(2) The acceleration of the movement of the probe is not less than a predetermined acceleration.

  As a result, a warning is issued when the cause of the measurement variation occurs, so that the measurer can perform re-measurement, and the occurrence of variation in the measured value can be prevented. At this time, (1) may be that the moving speed of the probe is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed in a space within a predetermined distance from the measurement point. The above (2) may be that the acceleration of the movement of the probe is not less than a predetermined acceleration in a space within a predetermined distance from the measurement point.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention is mainly characterized in that the warning means issues a warning by one or more methods among sound, light, vibration, and display on a monitor screen.
Thereby, the measurer can easily recognize the warning by the warning means.

In the three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention, the warning means issues a warning at least with sound, and the greater the degree of deviation from the measurement conditions, the greater the frequency, magnitude, and sound generation interval of the sound. The main feature is that at least one of the above changes.
As a result, the measurer can easily and reliably recognize the warning, and can also reliably recognize the deviation from the measurement condition, so that the erroneous operation is corrected to an accurate operation. Becomes easier.

Further, in the three-dimensional measuring machine according to the present invention, the warning means emits a warning by at least light, and as the degree of deviation from the measurement condition is larger, any one of the color, intensity, and blinking interval of the light. The main feature is that the above changes.
As a result, the measurer can easily and reliably recognize the warning, and can also reliably recognize the deviation from the measurement condition, so that the erroneous operation is corrected to an accurate operation. Becomes easier.

Furthermore, in the three-dimensional measuring machine according to the present invention, the warning means issues a warning by at least vibration, and the greater the degree of deviation from the measurement condition, the more the vibration frequency, intensity, and vibration generation interval. The main feature is that at least one of the above changes.
As a result, the measurer can easily and reliably recognize the warning, and can also reliably recognize the deviation from the measurement condition, so that the erroneous operation is corrected to an accurate operation. Becomes easier.

The three-dimensional measuring machine according to the present invention is mainly characterized by having a meter indicating the degree of deviation from the measurement condition as the warning means.
As a result, the measurer can easily and reliably recognize the warning, and can also reliably recognize the deviation from the measurement condition, so that the erroneous operation is corrected to an accurate operation. Becomes easier.

  The three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention can reduce measurement variations caused by a measurer.

It is a block diagram of one embodiment of a three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention. It is a perspective view of a gate movement type three-dimensional measuring machine. It is a perspective view which shows the measurement means of an articulated type three-dimensional measuring machine. It is the figure which showed the list of an example of a part program. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of an erroneous operation determination means. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of an erroneous operation determination means. It is a perspective view which shows the example which used the LED lamp as a warning means. It is a perspective view which shows the example which used the LED lamp array as a warning means. It is a perspective view which shows the example which used the analog meter as a warning means. It is a perspective view which shows the example which used the display as a warning means. It is explanatory drawing explaining the contact angle when making a probe contact the to-be-measured object and measuring. It is a perspective view which shows the example which used the sound generator as a warning means. It is a perspective view which shows the example which used the vibration generator as a warning means. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the vibration generator to the measurement operator's arm. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the vibration generator is installed in the chair.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, in the drawing, portions indicated by the same symbols are similar elements having similar functions. In the present invention, when the range of values is expressed using “to”, the values of both the boundaries are included in the range.

<Configuration>
In the three-dimensional measuring machine according to the present invention, the probe operation when the probe is manually brought into contact with the measurement point of the measurement object (hereinafter simply referred to as a workpiece) is measured from the measurement conditions set for each measurement point. A warning means for issuing a warning in the case of an erroneous operation that is a deviated operation is provided. One embodiment of such a configuration will be described below.

  One embodiment of the three-dimensional measuring machine of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the coordinate measuring machine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a gate moving type three-dimensional measuring machine. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional measuring machine according to the present invention includes a measuring unit 10, a calculating unit 11, a display unit 12, an erroneous operation determination unit 13, a measurement condition storage unit 14, and a warning unit 15. Configured primarily for preparation.

  Referring to FIG. 2, measuring means 10 includes a probe 20 for contacting a workpiece measurement point, a three-dimensional moving means 21 for moving the probe in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, And a table 22 for placing a workpiece.

  Here, in FIG. 2, the measurement means 10 has been described with the configuration of a three-dimensional measuring machine that is a portal moving type. However, the measurement means 10 is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. It may be of a type. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the measuring means of the articulated three-dimensional measuring machine.

  In the articulated measuring means 10, the probe 20 is connected to the tips of a plurality of arms 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d connected in series by a plurality of joints 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d, 32e. The plurality of joints 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d, and 32e are configured to be rotatable, and the plurality of arms 34a, 34b, 34c, and 34d are configured to be swingable.

  That is, the measuring means 10 may be a portal moving type, an articulated type, or any other type as long as the probe 20 can be moved three-dimensionally. Here, the gate moving type measuring means will be described as an example.

  1 and 2, the three-dimensional moving means 21 includes an X-axis slider 23 that allows the probe 20 to move in the X-axis direction (left and right in the drawing), and the probe 20 in the Y-axis direction (before the drawing). And a Z-axis slider 25 that allows the probe 20 to move in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction in the drawing).

  The Y-axis slider can slide on the side of the table 22, the X-axis slider 23 can slide on the plate-like member constituting the Y-axis slider 24, and the Z-axis slider 25 can be It is possible to slide in a member constituting the shaft slider 23. As the X-axis slider 23, the Y-axis slider 24, and the Z-axis slider 25, for example, an air slider can be used.

  The table 22 can be composed of a gantry 26 and a surface plate 27. The gantry 26 is preferably controlled so that the surface plate 27 is always horizontal by supporting the surface plate 27 with an air cylinder.

Moreover, the measurement means 10 can be provided with the following means.
-Coordinate position detecting means for detecting the three-dimensional coordinate position of the probe tip-Probe speed detecting means for detecting the moving speed of the probe-Probe acceleration detecting means for detecting the moving acceleration of the probe-To be measured as described in the part program Misalignment calculating means for calculating the amount of misalignment between the measurement point and the actually measured point. When moving the probe to the measurement point, the angle detection means (measurement point of the moving direction vector of the probe just before contacting the measurement point) Means to detect the angle to the normal passing through)

  Each of the above means may be mounted on the measuring means 10 as dedicated hardware, for example, an acceleration sensor in the case of a probe acceleration detection means, or a speed sensor in the case of a probe speed detection means, or realized by software. May be.

  That is, since the three-dimensional measuring machine can accurately detect the three-dimensional position coordinates of the probe 20, the probe moving speed, the moving acceleration, the positional deviation amount, and the angle from the change of the position coordinates of the probe 20 to the measurement point. May be calculated by software.

  In this case, such software is stored in a storage device in the computer 28, and when the software is executed by the computer 28, the movement speed, movement acceleration, and position of the probe are detected from the change in the position coordinates of the probe 20. The amount of deviation and the angle toward the measurement point may be obtained.

  The calculation means 11 calculates a desired dimension from the position where the probe 20 detected by the coordinate position detection means is in contact with the measurement point, that is, the three-dimensional position coordinates of a plurality of locations where the probe 20 is contacted as the measurement point. For example, by obtaining the length between two points from two coordinates, obtaining the center and radius of a circle passing through three points from three coordinates, or obtaining the inclination of a plane, the desired dimensions of a part or product are obtained. Calculate the measured value.

  As the calculating means 11, for example, a computer 28 can be used. In FIG. 2, the computer 28 is depicted as a separate body from the measuring means 10, but it may be a separate body as described above, or the measuring means 10 and the computer 28 may be configured integrally.

  The measurement value calculated by the calculation means 11 is displayed by the display means 12. As the display means 12, a general computer display device such as a display 29a or a printer 29b can be used as shown in FIG. That is, the measurement value calculated by the calculation means 11 is displayed by being output to the display 29a or the printer 29b.

  The erroneous operation determination means 13 determines whether or not the measurement action using the probe 20 deviates from a predetermined condition. When the erroneous operation determination unit 13 determines that the predetermined condition (hereinafter referred to as an erroneous operation condition) is not satisfied, the warning unit 15 issues a warning. The contents shown in the following (1) to (4) can be set as erroneous operation conditions. Here, in the present invention, the measurement point is a place to be measured, and when a part program is used, it means a place to be measured described in the part program.

(1) Measure at a position shifted from a measurement point by a predetermined value (referred to as a predetermined shift distance) or more.
(2) The moving speed of the probe is not less than a predetermined speed (referred to as a predetermined speed) in a space within a predetermined distance (referred to as a predetermined speed distance) from the measurement point.
(3) The acceleration of the movement of the probe is not less than a predetermined acceleration (referred to as a predetermined acceleration) in a space within a predetermined distance (referred to as a predetermined acceleration distance) from the measurement point.
(4) The probe moves and contacts the measurement point at an angle separated from the normal direction (or the designated direction: the designated direction is referred to as a probing vector) by a predetermined angle (referred to as a predetermined contact angle) or more. To measure.

  It is sufficient that at least one of the above (1) to (4) is set as an erroneous operation condition in the erroneous operation determination means 13, but setting all of them makes it more effective for measurement variations due to the operator. Can be reduced.

  These erroneous operation conditions may be stored in the computer 28, may be stored in the erroneous operation determination means 13, or may be stored in other parts, but are stored in the part program. Is most preferred. The part program is a program that describes the measurement location, measurement order, etc. of the workpiece. The operator executes the part program on the 3D measuring instrument, and the 3D measuring instrument displays the measuring location displayed according to the part program. Measure in order.

  Since the part program exists for each workpiece, it is possible to set an optimum erroneous operation condition for each workpiece by incorporating the erroneous operation condition into the part program. This part program will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a list of examples of part programs.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the part program, measurement points are described in coordinates indicated by X, Y, and Z (respectively indicate X coordinates, Y coordinates, and Z coordinates). In addition, the probing vectors, which are the moving directions when the probe 20 contacts the measurement point, are indicated by I, J, K [indicating probing vectors (I, J, K)].

  In addition, L, M, N, and O describe a predetermined deviation distance, a predetermined speed, a predetermined acceleration, and a predetermined contact angle, respectively. However, not all of them must be described, and a warning is issued as an erroneous operation. It is only necessary to list the items that you want to do. Here, as the predetermined speed distance and the predetermined acceleration distance, a predetermined deviation distance may be used, or may be separately described as P and Q (not shown), respectively.

  The erroneous operation determination means 13 can be configured by a computer, for example. The computer reads the part program and displays the next measurement location on the display means 12 and monitors the movement of the probe 20 to detect the coordinate position detection means, the probe speed detection means, the probe acceleration detection means, the position deviation calculation means, the angle Based on the data from the detection means, the warning means 15 issues a warning when the operation is out of the planned range.

  These can be realized by executing a program that causes the computer to operate as the erroneous operation determination means 13. An example of the operation of the CMM equipped with such an erroneous operation determination means 13 will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are flowcharts showing an example of the operation of the coordinate measuring machine.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the measurement operator manually moves the probe to the measurement point (S1). The erroneous operation determination means 13 determines whether or not the moving speed of the probe sent from the probe speed detection means is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed described in the part program (S2). When it is determined that the speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined speed, the erroneous operation determination means 13 issues a warning to the measurement operator by the warning means 15 (S3).

  After the warning unit 15 issues a warning, the erroneous operation determination unit 13 determines whether measurement stop or measurement completion is selected by the measurement operator (S5), and measurement stop or measurement completion is selected. Ends the measurement (S6), otherwise returns to S1 and executes.

  If it is determined in S2 that the erroneous operation determination means 13 is not equal to or higher than the predetermined speed, the erroneous operation determination means 13 determines whether the moving acceleration of the probe sent from the probe speed detection means is equal to or higher than the predetermined acceleration described in the part program. It is determined whether or not (S4). If it is determined that the acceleration is equal to or greater than the predetermined acceleration, the process is performed from S3. If it is not determined that the acceleration is equal to or greater than the predetermined acceleration, the process is performed from S5.

  Next, a description will be given with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, in the measurement operation, the probe is manually moved to the measurement point (S10). The erroneous operation determination means 13 determines whether or not the position coordinates of the probe sent from the coordinate position detection means are more than a predetermined deviation distance from the position coordinates described in the part program (S20). If it is determined that the distance is greater than the predetermined deviation distance, the erroneous operation determination means 13 issues a warning to the measurement operator by the warning means 15 (S30).

  After the warning means 15 issues a warning, the erroneous operation determination means 13 determines whether measurement stop or measurement completion is selected by the measurement operator (S50), and measurement stop or measurement completion is selected. Ends the measurement (S100), otherwise, executes S60. In S60, the erroneous operation determination means 13 determines whether or not the measurement operator has selected to redo the measurement (probing). If the measurement worker has selected redo of the measurement, the measurement operator measures the same location. (S80), and the process is executed from S20. In this case, in the next measurement, the erroneous operation determination means 13 executes the same step as the previous in the execution of the part program, and the data used for the determination of the erroneous operation is the same as the previous measurement.

  If the erroneous operation determination means 13 determines that the measurement operator has not selected the re-measurement, the measured data is confirmed (S70), and the measurement operator returns to S10 and selects the next measurement location. Measure manually. In S20, when the erroneous operation determination means 13 determines that the position coordinates of the probe sent from the coordinate position detection means are not more than a predetermined deviation distance from the position coordinates described in the part program, the erroneous operation determination means 13 It is determined whether or not the movement angle sent from the detection means toward the measurement point of the probe is an angle away from the probing vector by a predetermined contact angle or more (S40).

  If it is determined in S40 that the contact angle is more than the predetermined contact angle, the process is performed from S30, and if not, the process is performed from S90. In S90, the measured coordinate data is confirmed, and execution is performed from S50.

  5 and 6 show an example of the operation of the coordinate measuring machine according to the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the operations shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be arbitrarily combined. The operation may be performed based on the flowchart of FIG.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the measurement condition storage means 14 will be described. The measurement condition storage unit stores a condition for determining whether the erroneous operation determination unit 13 is an erroneous operation. This condition may be stored anywhere as long as the erroneous operation determination means 13 can read it, but it is preferable that it is described and stored in the part program as described above.

Therefore, the part program may be stored anywhere as long as the part program is stored. For example, the part program may be stored in a storage device (memory, hard disk, SSD, etc.) in the computer 28 shown in FIG. 28 may be stored in an external storage device (hard disk, SSD, flash memory, CDROM, DVDROM, BD [Blu-ray Disc], etc.) connected to the H.28.
Therefore, as the measurement condition storage unit 14, a storage device usable in the computer 28 described above can be used.

  Next, the warning means 15 (FIG. 1) will be described. Any warning means 15 may be used as long as it can issue a warning to the measurement operator. Various warning methods can be considered, and one or more warning methods can be adopted among warning methods using light, a monitor screen, sound, vibration, and the like.

<Warning means using LED lamp>
These various methods by which the warning means 15 can be constructed are described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example in which an LED lamp is used as the warning means 15. As shown in FIG. 7, an LED lamp 72 as the warning means 15 is installed on the arm 70. The installation location is preferably a location that is easy for the measurement operator to visually recognize even if the arm 70 is grasped by hand.

  The arm 70 has the probe 20 attached to one end thereof, and the opposite end is connected to the Z-axis slider 25. The measurement operator holds the arm 70 and moves the probe 20 to the measurement point to bring it into contact with the measurement point.

  The arm 70 is provided with an LED lamp 72 as a warning means 15. As a result, when the measurement operator performs an erroneous operation while holding and moving the arm 70 by hand, the LED lamp 72 is lit or blinks to warn. For this reason, the measurement operator can easily know an error in his operation.

  At this time, the degree of departure from normal operation, that is, the degree of erroneous operation can be indicated by blinking speed, color change, light intensity, and the like. For example, when the arm 70 is moved, the LED lamp 72 starts blinking when the moving speed of the arm 70 exceeds a predetermined speed, and the blinking becomes faster as the arm 70 is moved faster than the predetermined speed.

  Here, as apparent from FIG. 7, since the probe 20 is mounted on the arm 70, the moving speed of the arm 70 and the moving speed of the probe 20 are the same. Therefore, in the following description, it is considered that the moving speed of the arm 70 and the moving speed of the probe 20 are the same, and the expression “the moving speed of the arm 70” and “the moving speed of the probe 20” are equivalent. This can be similarly applied to the movement acceleration of the arm 70 and the movement acceleration of the probe 20, so that “movement acceleration of the arm 70” and “movement acceleration of the probe 20” are equivalent as expressions.

  Alternatively, it may be configured such that when the moving speed of the arm 70 exceeds a predetermined speed, the emission color of the LED lamp 72 changes from green to yellow, and the color approaches red as it moves faster than the predetermined speed. Furthermore, the LED lamp 72 may be turned on when the moving speed of the arm 70 exceeds a predetermined speed, and the amount of light of the LED lamp 72 may be increased as the arm 70 is moved faster than the predetermined speed.

  Here, the warning may be performed when moving faster than the predetermined speed described in the part program, or when the probe 20 enters within the predetermined speed distance described in the part program, And it may be performed when moving faster than a predetermined speed. This is because the movement speed and movement acceleration outside the predetermined speed distance or outside the predetermined acceleration distance are unlikely to cause measurement variations. However, by issuing a warning about the moving speed and moving acceleration outside the predetermined speed distance or outside the predetermined acceleration distance, the measurement operator moves the moving speed and moving acceleration before the probe 20 enters the predetermined speed distance or the predetermined acceleration distance. It becomes easy to adjust.

  The above methods may be performed simultaneously in any combination. For example, the LED lamp 72 may blink when a predetermined speed is exceeded, and the blinking may be faster and the amount of light may be increased as it is moved faster than the predetermined speed. Alternatively, the light emission color of the LED lamp 72 changes from green to yellow when a predetermined speed is exceeded, and the light emission color of the LED lamp 72 approaches red while moving faster than the predetermined speed, so that the amount of light increases. good.

  Further, when the moving speed of the arm 70 exceeds a predetermined speed by combining all of them, the light emission color of the LED lamp 72 changes from green to yellow and blinks. The color may approach red and the amount of light may further increase. Of course, if the movement speed of the arm 70 exceeds a predetermined speed, the LED lamp 72 is turned on, blinks, changes color, or changes light quantity, which is an erroneous operation for the measurement operator. May be warned.

  In FIG. 7, the LED lamp 72 is installed on the arm 70, but the installation position is not limited to the arm 70, and the surface plate 27 on which the measurement object is placed (see FIG. 7). It may be installed in 2) or may be installed in another place. Preferably, it is better to install the arm 70 near the measurement object (on the surface plate or the like) where the measurement operator can easily see.

  Furthermore, in the above description, the movement speed of the arm has been described as an example of an erroneous operation. Similarly, a warning can be configured.

At that time, the LED for warning about each of the check contents as an erroneous operation, such as arm movement speed, arm movement acceleration, amount of displacement from the measurement point of the measured location, and distance from the predetermined contact angle at the time of measurement. The lamps 72 may be provided individually, or a single LED lamp 72 may be configured to warn about all the check contents as the erroneous operation. In this case, if an operation that is determined to be an erroneous operation is performed, a warning may be issued regardless of the content of the check.
In the above description, the LED lamp has been described. However, any device that emits light without being limited to the LED lamp can be used, such as a light bulb or an organic EL.

<Warning means using LED lamp array>
Next, an example using an LED lamp array as the warning means 15 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example in which an LED lamp array is used as the warning means 15. In this case, an LED lamp array 80 is provided instead of the LED lamp 72, so that the description that applies to the LED lamp array is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the LED lamp array 80 is installed on the arm 70. The installation location is preferably a location that is easy for the measurement operator to visually recognize even if the arm 70 is grasped by hand. The LED lamp array 80 has a plurality of LED lamps arranged in an array, and by changing the number of LEDs to emit light among the LEDs arranged in a row, the length of the light emitting part is changed to be a bar meter. Can function.

  By using this, the degree of erroneous operation can be indicated by the length of the light emitting portion. For example, when the measurement operator moves the arm 70 to bring the probe 20 close to the measurement point of the measurement object and brings it into contact with the measurement object, a predetermined deviation distance (a deviation amount from the measurement point at the measured location) is obtained. Accordingly, the larger the predetermined deviation distance, the longer the light emitting portion of the LED lamp array 80 can be made to emit light.

  Accordingly, the degree of erroneous operation, in this case, the positional deviation amount (predetermined deviation distance) between the measurement point and the actually measured location can be recognized by the length of the LED lamp array 80. Intuitively know the degree of erroneous operation. At this time, the LED lamp array 80 is graduated to indicate the range of non-incorrect operation and the range of erroneous operation, so that the measurement operator can know the degree of erroneous operation more clearly.

Alternatively, the LED lamp array 80 may be used like a meter so that the normal range is green, yellow when an erroneous operation is performed, and close to red as the degree of erroneous operation becomes severe. At this time, the color may be changed by changing the color of the entire light emitting portion of the LED lamp array 80 or by changing the color from the middle of the meter.
Furthermore, as described in the above <Warning means using LED lamp>, the blinking speed, color change, light intensity, etc. may be used in combination to indicate the degree of erroneous operation. Further, the LED lamp array 80 may be capable of peak hold. The peak hold means that when the LED lamp array 80 is used like a meter, the maximum LED indicated by the LED lamp array 80 is left lit.

As a result, when the value changes every moment, such as when the movement speed of the probe 20 is indicated on the LED lamp array 80, the maximum peak is left displayed, so that the measurement operator can easily recognize the maximum value. Become.
In the above description, the LED lamp array has been described. However, as long as it is an array-shaped light emitting device, it is not limited to the LED lamp array. For example, any organic EL, light bulb array, fluorescent display tube, plasma display tube, etc. can be used. Can do. In addition, a dot matrix type display using LEDs, etc. can be used. In this case, simple characters, sentences and symbols can be displayed. Degree can be shown.

<Warning means using an analog meter>
Next, an example using an analog meter as warning means will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example in which an analog meter is used as the warning means 15. Since this is a thing provided with the analog meter 90 instead of the said LED lamp 72 and the LED lamp array 80, it abbreviate | omits description that it applies also to an analog meter.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the analog meter 90 is installed on the arm 70. The installation location is preferably a location that is easy for the measurement operator to visually recognize even if the arm 70 is grasped by hand. The analog meter 90 gives a warning to the measurement operator when the needle moves on the scale. The degree of erroneous operation can also be indicated by the position of the needle. Here, the installation place of the analog meter 90 is not limited to the arm 70, and may be attached anywhere as long as it is easily visible to the measurement operator.

  An example of a case where the movement of the probe 20 has exceeded a predetermined acceleration will be described as a warning for erroneous operation. When the measurement operator holds the arm 70 and moves the probe 20 to the measurement point of the measurement object, the needle of the analog meter 90 swings according to the acceleration of the movement of the probe 20. A scale is written on the analog meter 90, and a range of a predetermined acceleration is clearly shown on the scale.

  Thus, when the moving acceleration of the probe 20 exceeds the predetermined acceleration range, the measurement operator clearly knows his / her erroneous operation because the needle of the analog meter 90 swings beyond the predetermined acceleration range marked on the scale. Can give feedback on their actions.

  At this time, the analog meter 90 may start swinging the needle for the first time after the probe 20 enters the predetermined acceleration distance, or may swing the needle before entering the predetermined acceleration distance. For example, the needle has been shaken before entering the predetermined acceleration distance, but by operating the peak hold mechanism after entering the predetermined acceleration distance, the acceleration can be clearly expressed only when the measurement value is affected as an erroneous operation. Therefore, it becomes easy for the measurement operator to determine whether or not to remeasure.

  At this time, the needle of the analog meter 90 preferably has a peak hold mechanism. By having the peak hold mechanism, the needle of the analog meter 90 remains at the maximum peak, so that the measurement operator can accurately know whether or not the predetermined acceleration range has been exceeded.

<Warning means using a display>
Next, an example using a display as warning means will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example in which the display 100 is used as the warning means 15. Since this is a thing provided with the display 100 instead of the said LED lamp 72, LED lamp array 80, and the analog meter 90, it abbreviate | omits description that it applies also about the display 100. FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 10, display 100 may be attached anywhere as long as it is easily visible to the measurement operator. For example, arm 70 is close to the measurement operator and easy to visually recognize as the attachment location. Therefore, it is preferable. Since the display 100 can display various information such as characters, graphics, and graphs, the presence or absence of an erroneous operation and the degree of erroneous operation can be displayed in various forms.

  As an example of the case where the movement angle of the probe 20 toward the measurement point is an angle that is a predetermined contact angle or more away from the probing vector, the following description will be given by way of example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Needless to say, the display 100 can be applied.

  This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a contact angle when a probe is brought into contact with an object to be measured. As shown in FIG. 11, the measurement operator moves the probe 20 toward the measurement point 112 of the measurement object 110. The moving direction of the probe 20 at this time is indicated by an arrow 114. The line indicated by the symbol 115 indicates the direction of the probing vector of the measurement point 112 indicated by the part program.

In FIG. 11, the line indicated by the symbol 115 indicates the normal line of the measurement point 112, which indicates the case where the probing vector is in the normal direction. Ideally, the measurement point 112 is contacted along the probing vector and the measurement operator strives to do so, but in practice, the probe 20 is at an angle offset from the probing vector. (In FIG. 11, the angle θ is shifted from the probing vector by an angle θ of ₁ degree) toward the measurement point 112 and contacts the measurement point 112.

At this time, the erroneous operation determination means 13 (FIG. 1) determines whether or not the angle θ ₁ degree deviated from the probing vector is equal to or larger than a predetermined contact angle (θ ₀ degree in FIG. 11) described in the part program. If the above is determined, the warning means 15 (FIG. 1) issues a warning.

  If the warning means 15 is a display 100 as shown in FIG. 10, the display 100 displays, for example, characters, figures, graphs, colors, patterns, animations, etc., and causes an erroneous operation to the measurement operator. Warning that there was. At this time, the user may be warned that the operation has been erroneously performed, but the level of the erroneous operation may be displayed. The degree of erroneous operation can be displayed as characters, figures, graphs, colors, patterns, animations, and the like.

  For example, the predetermined contact angle and the actual movement angle of the probe may be expressed by numerical values, or may be expressed by numerical values and a graph. Further, the movement of the probe and the predetermined contact angle may be displayed by animation. Thus, since the amount of information that can be displayed is greatly increased by using the display 100, the amount of positional deviation from the measurement point, the moving speed and moving acceleration of the probe 20, and the deviation of the probe 20 from the probing vector. It becomes possible to display any content of the angle at the same time in an easily understandable manner.

  In FIG. 10, the arm 70 is provided with the LED lamp 72 together with the display 100, but can be used in combination with other types of warning means. At that time, it is possible to arbitrarily set which warning means will give which warning.

<Warning means using sound generator>
Next, an example using a sound generator as a warning means will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example in which the sound generator 120 is used as the warning means 15. Since this is a thing provided with the sound generator 120 instead of the said LED lamp 72, the LED lamp array 80, the analog meter 90, etc., it abbreviate | omits description that it applies also to the sound generator 120. FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 12, sound generator 120 may be attached anywhere as long as the measurement operator can easily hear the sound from sound generator 120. It is preferable because it is close to the person and can easily hear the sound. As the sound generator 120, a buzzer, a speaker, and the like are conceivable, but a speaker is preferable because it can generate sound with sound and various other timbres and volumes.

  If the measurement operator performs an erroneous operation while holding and moving the arm 70 with his / her hand, the sound generator 120 issues a sound and warns. For this reason, the measurement operator can easily know an error in his operation. The sound that is emitted when the warning is given may be, for example, a buzzer sound, a melody, or a voice, that is, any sound can be used as a warning sound.

  At this time, the degree of erroneous operation can be expressed by changing the sound. For example, if the warning sound is a buzzer sound, the volume may increase as the level of erroneous operation increases, or the interval between buzzer intermittent sounds decreases as the level of erroneous operation increases, resulting in a continuous sound at the end. Also good.

  When the warning sound is a melody, the speed at which the melody is played may be increased as the degree of erroneous operation increases, and the type of the melody may be changed in the middle. When the warning sound is a voice, the voice may be repeatedly uttered, for example, “Caution”, or the higher the degree of erroneous operation, the faster the voice utterance speed may be. Also, the type of sound may change from “caution” to “warning”, “cancel”, or may be a combination or combination of the above buzzer, melody, and sound.

  Thus, by using the sound for the warning, the measurement operator can recognize the warning without separating the line of sight from the probe 20 or the measurement object. In FIG. 12, the LED lamp 72 is also installed on the arm 70, but it can also be used in combination with other types of warning means.

  Here, as an example of exceeding the probe moving speed as an erroneous operation, when the measuring operator moves the probe 20 by moving the arm 70, the sound generator 120 is moved when the moving speed is larger than a predetermined speed. A warning is issued in the manner described above.

  Here, as described above, the warning may be performed when the movement is made faster than the predetermined speed described in the part program, or the probe 20 enters the predetermined speed distance described in the part program. It may be performed when the vehicle moves faster than a predetermined speed. This is because the movement speed and movement acceleration outside the predetermined speed distance or outside the predetermined acceleration distance are unlikely to cause measurement variations. However, by issuing a warning about the moving speed and moving acceleration outside the predetermined speed distance or outside the predetermined acceleration distance, the measurement operator moves the moving speed and moving acceleration before the probe 20 enters the predetermined speed distance or the predetermined acceleration distance. It becomes easy to adjust.

  The combination of the warning sounds described above will be described. When the probe speed is sufficiently lower than the predetermined speed, the sound may be silent. When the predetermined speed is approached to some extent, an intermittent buzzer sound is generated. When the interval becomes smaller and the speed approaches a predetermined speed than a certain value, “CAUTION” may be uttered by voice. Furthermore, when approaching the predetermined speed, the interval of the intermittent sound of the buzzer may be further reduced, and “warning” may be uttered by voice.When the predetermined speed is reached, the buzzer sound becomes a continuous sound, You may say “Stop measurement” by voice.

  In the above, an example of a combination of warning sounds has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. Arbitrary combinations are possible, the volume may be increased as the speed approaches, and the pitch of the sound may be increased. May be higher. In this way, various sound combinations are possible.

  In the above description, the movement speed of the probe 20 has been described as an example of an erroneous operation. However, the same applies to the movement acceleration of the probe, the amount of positional deviation from the measurement point of the measured location, and the distance from the predetermined contact angle during measurement. Can be configured to alert.

  At that time, when warning about each of the check contents as an erroneous operation, the probe moving speed, the probe moving acceleration, the amount of positional deviation from the measurement point of the measured place, the distance from the predetermined contact angle at the time of measurement, By changing the timbre, pitch, melody, utterance content, etc. according to the warning content, it is possible to tell the measurement operator which erroneous operation has occurred.

  For example, when speaking by voice, measurement is performed by uttering the details of the erroneous operation, such as “Caution for movement speed”, “Caution for movement acceleration”, “Caution for displacement of measurement point”, “Caution for probing angle” It is possible to clearly inform the operator of the contents of the erroneous operation.

<Warning means using vibration generator>
Next, an example using a vibration generator as a warning means will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example in which the vibration generator 130 is used as the warning means 15. Since this is a thing provided with the vibration generator 130 instead of the LED lamp 72, the LED lamp array 80, the analog meter 90, etc., the description of the fact that it applies to the vibration generator 130 is omitted.

  Referring to FIG. 13, the vibration generator 130 may be attached anywhere as long as the measurement operator can feel the vibration from the vibration generator 130. This is preferable because it is easy for a person to feel and vibrate. However, in this case, it is important to have a structure in which vibration from the vibration generator 130 is not transmitted to the probe 20. When the probe 20 vibrates, positioning becomes difficult when contacting the measurement point, and the probe 20 is switched on with a little contact and electrically communicates that the measurement point has been touched to the coordinate measuring machine. This is because there is a possibility of malfunction.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 14 (showing a state where the vibration generator 130 is attached to the measurement operator's arm), the vibration generator 130 is attached to the measurement operator's arm 142 by the belt 140. May be. In this case, the vibration generator 130 and the three-dimensional measuring machine may be connected wirelessly or may be connected by wire, but the cords do not interfere with work when connected wirelessly. preferable.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15 (a perspective view showing a state where the vibration generator 130 is installed on the chair), the vibration generator 130 may be installed on the chair on which the measurement operator sits. In this way, the vibration generator 130 can be installed in any place where the measurement operator can feel the vibration from the vibration generator 130.

  As the vibration generator 130, a commercially available vibration generator such as an unbalanced mass type, a hydraulic type, or an electrodynamic type can be employed. The unbalanced mass type is a type in which an eccentric weight is attached to the motor and the motor is rotated and vibration is generated by the centrifugal force. The hydraulic type is a type that generates vibration by moving a piston by hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, electromagnetic force, or the like. The electrodynamic type is a type that uses Fleming's law and generates a vibration using a force generated by passing a current through a coil in a magnetic field. Any type may be used, but an electrodynamic type that has a wide vibration frequency band and can be easily downsized is preferable.

  When the vibration generating device 130 is used as the warning means 15, and the measurement operator performs an erroneous operation, the vibration generating device 130 generates a vibration and warns. For this reason, the measurement operator can easily know an error in his operation. Various types of vibration can be used as the vibration generated at the time of warning, and the degree of erroneous operation can be expressed by the type of vibration and the magnitude of vibration.

  For example, the greater the degree of erroneous operation, the greater the vibration may be, and the greater the erroneous operation, the smaller the generation interval of vibrations and finally the continuous vibration.

  Further, the vibration may have a rhythm, and the speed of the rhythm may be increased as the degree of erroneous operation increases, or the type of rhythm may be changed in the middle. There are innumerable types of rhythms such as “ton, toto, ton” and “ton, toto, ton, ton”.

  In this way, by using vibration for the warning, the measurement operator can recognize the warning without separating the line of sight from the probe 20 or the measurement object. In FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the LED lamp 72 is also installed on the arm 70, but it can also be used in combination with other types of warning means.

  Here, as an example of exceeding the probe moving speed as an erroneous operation, when the measurement operator moves the probe 20 by moving the arm 70, the vibration generator 130 is moved when the moving speed is higher than a predetermined speed. A warning is issued in the manner described above.

  Here, as described above, the warning may be performed when the movement is made faster than the predetermined speed described in the part program, or the probe 20 enters the predetermined speed distance described in the part program. It may be performed when the vehicle moves faster than a predetermined speed. This is because the movement speed and movement acceleration outside the predetermined speed distance or outside the predetermined acceleration distance are unlikely to cause measurement variations. However, by issuing a warning about the moving speed and moving acceleration outside the predetermined speed distance or outside the predetermined acceleration distance, the measurement operator moves the moving speed and moving acceleration before the probe 20 enters the predetermined speed distance or the predetermined acceleration distance. It becomes easy to adjust.

  The vibration combination described above will be described. When the probe speed is sufficiently lower than the predetermined speed, there may be no vibration, and intermittent vibration occurs when the probe speed approaches a certain speed. When becomes smaller and becomes closer to a predetermined speed than a certain value, vibration may continue and vibration intensity may increase.

  In the above, an example of vibration combination is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any combination is possible. The vibration intensity may be increased as the speed approaches a predetermined speed, and the vibration rhythm may be increased. May change. Thus, various combinations of vibrations are possible.

  In the above description, the movement speed of the probe 20 has been described as an example of an erroneous operation. However, the same applies to the movement acceleration of the probe, the amount of positional deviation from the measurement point of the measured location, and the distance from the predetermined contact angle during measurement. Can be configured to alert.

  At that time, when warning about each of the check contents as an erroneous operation, the probe moving speed, the probe moving acceleration, the amount of positional deviation from the measurement point of the measured place, the distance from the predetermined contact angle at the time of measurement, Depending on the content of warning, other warning means can be used in combination for warning.

  As described above, various methods have been described as examples of warning means. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and the warning means described above can be used in any combination. You can choose arbitrarily.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Measurement means 11 Calculation means 12 Display means 13 Error operation determination means 14 Measurement condition storage means 15 Warning means 20 Probe 21 Three-dimensional movement means 22 Table 23 X-axis slider 24 Y-axis slider 25 Z-axis slider 26 Base 27 Surface plate 28 Computer 29a Display 29b Printer 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d, 32e Joint 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d Arm 70 Arm 72 LED lamp 80 LED lamp array 90 Analog meter 100 Display 110 Object to be measured 112 Measurement point 120 Sound generator 130 Vibration generator 140 Belt 142 Arm 150 Chair

Claims (7)

A three-dimensional measuring machine that manually measures the probe by bringing it into contact with the workpiece measurement point,
A warning means for issuing a warning in the case of an erroneous operation in which the operation of the probe is an operation deviating from a predetermined measurement condition set for each measurement point;
The three-dimensional measuring machine, wherein the measurement conditions are read from a part program for each measurement point. The three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 1, wherein the erroneous operation has at least one of the following contents (1) to (2).
(1) The moving speed of the probe is not less than a predetermined speed.
(2) The acceleration of the movement of the probe is not less than a predetermined acceleration.   The three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the warning means issues a warning by one or more methods among sound, light, vibration, and display on a monitor screen. The warning means emits a warning at least by sound,
The three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 3, wherein any one or more of the frequency, the volume, and the sound generation interval of the sound changes as the degree of deviation from the measurement condition increases. The warning means emits a warning at least by light;
The three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 3, wherein any one or more of the color, intensity, and blinking interval of the light changes as the degree of deviation from the measurement condition increases. The warning means emits a warning at least by vibration,
The three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 3, wherein any one or more of the frequency, intensity, and generation interval of the vibration changes as the degree of deviation from the measurement condition increases.   The three-dimensional measuring machine according to claim 1, further comprising a meter indicating a degree of deviation from the measurement condition as the warning unit.

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