JP2018076246A - Method for producing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester and palladium metal complex for use therein - Google Patents
Method for producing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester and palladium metal complex for use therein Download PDFInfo
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- biphenyltetracarboxylic acid
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- -1 palladium metal complex Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- JVERADGGGBYHNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylbenzene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C(O)=O JVERADGGGBYHNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPQJCISYYXZCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,10-phenanthroline;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 PPQJCISYYXZCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ULNMLTNBMOVVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 3-iodobenzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(I)=C1C(=O)OC ULNMLTNBMOVVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-SVLSSHOZSA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-SVLSSHOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHUDAMLDXFJHJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C(F)(F)F FHUDAMLDXFJHJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940052810 complex b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000447 dimerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VEJKSNHPNFHCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 3-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(N)=C1C(=O)OC VEJKSNHPNFHCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLQMIKSBTAZNBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 3-nitrobenzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C(=O)OC MLQMIKSBTAZNBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMNIKUDFXYWYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 4-bromobenzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1C(=O)OC AMNIKUDFXYWYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸テトラエステルの製造方法、および、該製造方法の触媒として用いられるパラジウム金属錯体に関する。
本発明は、フタル酸ジメチルの二量化による３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルを合成する手法として使用される。
The present invention relates to a method for producing a biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester and a palladium metal complex used as a catalyst for the production method.
The present invention is used as a method for synthesizing 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester by dimerization of dimethyl phthalate.
フタル酸ジメチルを二量化し３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルを合成する手法としては、いくつかの例が知られている（特許文献１〜４等）。
しかしながら、例えば特許文献１においては触媒の再酸化のために分子状酸素が必要であり、また、塩基性二座配位子化合物を逐次投入しなければ触媒活性が失われ目的とする収率が得られないという煩雑な操作が必要であった。
また、特許文献２においては、触媒成分を断続供給する必要がある。これらの操作を実施しても、フタル酸ジメチルの反応性は低く、また、異性体である２，３，３’，４’ −ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルが副生することに加え、触媒の活性の低下により触媒回転数（ＴＯＮ）が低位になるという課題が存在しており、これらの課題を解決可能な活性の高い触媒が必要であった。
特許文献３においては、高価な有機パラジウム塩を触媒として使用しているにも関わらず、反応収率が低いという課題があった。
特許文献４においては、反応収率の改善のためにパラジウム系触媒を複数回に分けて逐次的に投入する必要があり、操作が煩雑である課題があった。
Several examples are known as methods for dimerizing dimethyl phthalate to synthesize 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester (Patent Documents 1 to 4 and the like).
However, for example, in Patent Document 1, molecular oxygen is necessary for reoxidation of the catalyst, and if the basic bidentate ligand compound is not added successively, the catalytic activity is lost and the target yield is obtained. The complicated operation that it cannot be obtained was necessary.
Moreover, in patent document 2, it is necessary to supply a catalyst component intermittently. Even when these operations are carried out, the reactivity of dimethyl phthalate is low, and the isomer 2,3,3 ′, 4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester is produced as a by-product, and the activity of the catalyst There is a problem that the rotational speed (TON) of the catalyst is lowered due to the decrease in the catalyst, and a highly active catalyst capable of solving these problems is required.
In patent document 3, although the expensive organic palladium salt was used as a catalyst, there existed a subject that reaction yield was low.
In Patent Document 4, it is necessary to sequentially add a palladium-based catalyst in a plurality of times in order to improve the reaction yield, and there is a problem that the operation is complicated.
そのため、フタル酸ジメチルの反応性が高く、異性体選択性に優れ、触媒回転数（ＴＯＮ）の高いビフェニルテトラカルボン酸テトラエステルの製造方法およびそれに用いる触媒が望まれている。そこで、本発明は、フタル酸ジメチルの反応率が高く、３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステル選択率、触媒回転数（ＴＯＮ）の高いビフェニルテトラカルボン酸テトラエステルの製造方法およびそれに用いる触媒を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, a method for producing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester having high reactivity of dimethyl phthalate, excellent isomer selectivity, and high catalyst rotation speed (TON) and a catalyst used therefor are desired. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for producing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraesters having a high reaction rate of dimethyl phthalate, high 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester selectivity, and high catalyst rotation speed (TON). Another object is to provide a catalyst used therefor.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を積み重ねた結果、特定の構造のパラジウム錯体を触媒として用いることにより、当該課題を解決できることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the problems can be solved by using a palladium complex having a specific structure as a catalyst.
すなわち、本発明は以下に掲げる（１）〜（３）である。
（１）フタル酸ジメチルに、下記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物のうち少なくとも１つ、銅塩及び塩基性二座配位子を添加し、前記フタル酸ジメチルをカップリングして、ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルを製造する方法。
（３）下記式（２）で示される化合物。
(1) At least one of the compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (3), a copper salt and a basic bidentate ligand are added to dimethyl phthalate, and the dimethyl phthalate is coupled. A method for producing a biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester.
(3) A compound represented by the following formula (2).
本発明によれば、フタル酸ジメチルの反応率が高く、３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルの選択率が高く、触媒回転数（ＴＯＮ）の高い手法で３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルを取得することができる。
本発明にて取得される３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルは加水分解、無水化を経て、工業的に有用な化合物である３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物へと変換することができる。
According to the present invention, the reaction rate of dimethyl phthalate is high, the selectivity of 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester is high, and the catalyst rotation speed (TON) is high. , 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester can be obtained.
The 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester obtained in the present invention is subjected to hydrolysis and dehydration, and is an industrially useful compound, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyl. It can be converted to tetracarboxylic dianhydride.
以下、本発明の製造方法では、製造原料であるフタル酸ジメチルに対し、下記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物のうち少なくとも１つ、銅塩及び塩基性二座配位子を添加し、フタル酸ジメチルエステルを酸化カップリング反応させてビフェニルテトラカルボン酸テトラエステルを製造する。
上記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物は、フタル酸ジメチルエステルの酸化カップリング反応の触媒である。本発明では、上記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物のうち、いずれか１つを触媒として使用してもよく、２以上を触媒として併用してもよい。
なお、上記式（２），（３）で示される化合物は、フタル酸ジメチルエステルの酸化カップリング反応の触媒として新規である。
The compounds represented by the above formulas (1) to (3) are catalysts for the oxidative coupling reaction of dimethyl phthalate. In the present invention, any one of the compounds represented by the above formulas (1) to (3) may be used as a catalyst, and two or more may be used in combination as a catalyst.
The compounds represented by the above formulas (2) and (3) are novel as catalysts for the oxidative coupling reaction of dimethyl phthalate.
銅塩は、助触媒として添加する。この目的で使用する銅塩としては、有機酸または無機酸の銅塩、あるいはβ−ジケトン類の銅キレート塩が挙げられる。有機酸の銅塩としては、炭素数１〜５の脂肪族モノまたはジカルボン酸の銅塩、例えば、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸、シュウ酸などの銅塩が挙げられる。また、β−ジケトン類の銅キレート塩としては、アセチルアセトン、ベンゾイルアセトン、トリフルオロアセトンなどの銅キレート塩が挙げられる。無機酸の銅塩としては、例えば、硝酸、亜硝酸、硫酸、亜硫酸、リン酸などの銅塩が挙げられる。特に好ましくは酢酸の銅塩、アセチルアセトンの銅キレート塩が挙げられる。
銅塩の総使用量は、上記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物の総量に対して、０．０１〜１０倍モルであることが好ましく、０．０２〜５倍モルであることがより好ましく、０．１〜０．５倍モルであることがさらに好ましい。
Copper salt is added as a promoter. Examples of the copper salt used for this purpose include a copper salt of an organic acid or an inorganic acid, or a copper chelate salt of a β-diketone. Examples of the copper salt of an organic acid include a copper salt of an aliphatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, for example, a copper salt such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, and oxalic acid. Moreover, copper chelate salts, such as acetylacetone, benzoylacetone, trifluoroacetone, are mentioned as copper chelate salt of (beta) -diketone. Examples of copper salts of inorganic acids include copper salts such as nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, and phosphoric acid. Particularly preferred are a copper salt of acetic acid and a copper chelate salt of acetylacetone.
The total amount of copper salt used is preferably 0.01 to 10 times mol and 0.02 to 5 times mol based on the total amount of the compounds represented by the above formulas (1) to (3). Is more preferable, and it is more preferable that it is 0.1-0.5 times mole.
塩基性二座配位子としては、例えば、１，１０−フェナントロリン、α，α’−ピピルジルなどの芳香族複素環系塩基性二座配位子が挙げられる。
塩基性二座配位子塩の総使用量は、上記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物の総量に対して、０．０１〜１０倍モルであることが好ましく、０．０２〜５倍モルであることがより好ましく、０．０２〜４倍モルであることがさらに好ましい。
Examples of the basic bidentate ligand include aromatic heterocyclic basic bidentate ligands such as 1,10-phenanthroline and α, α′-pipyridyl.
The total use amount of the basic bidentate ligand salt is preferably 0.01 to 10 times the mol of the total amount of the compounds represented by the above formulas (1) to (3). It is more preferably 5 times mol, and further preferably 0.02 to 4 times mol.
本発明の製造方法では、上記した成分、すなわち、フタル酸ジメチル、上記式（１）〜（３）で示される化合物のうち少なくとも１つ、銅塩、および、塩基性二座配位子が存在する反応系に対し、空気または分子状酸素を吹き込みながら、高温でフタル酸ジメチルエステルを酸化カップリング反応させてビフェニルテトラカルボン酸テトラエステルを得る。空気または分子状酸素は、例えば、上記成分を含む反応液を撹拌しながらバブリングにより供給する。分子状酸素としては、純酸素と、適当な不活性ガス（例えば、窒素ガス、二酸化炭素ガス）との混合ガスを使用できる。また、上記の高温は、具体的には、例えば、約１４０〜２６０℃、好ましくは１６０〜２５０℃である。 In the production method of the present invention, the above-described components, that is, dimethyl phthalate, at least one of the compounds represented by the above formulas (1) to (3), a copper salt, and a basic bidentate ligand are present. Biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester is obtained by oxidative coupling reaction of dimethyl phthalate with high temperature while blowing air or molecular oxygen into the reaction system. Air or molecular oxygen is supplied, for example, by bubbling while stirring the reaction solution containing the above components. As molecular oxygen, a mixed gas of pure oxygen and a suitable inert gas (for example, nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas) can be used. The high temperature is specifically about 140 to 260 ° C., preferably 160 to 250 ° C., for example.
以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited to a following example.
〈合成例１〉
酢酸パラジウムと１，１０−フェナントロリンをアセトン中、室温で撹拌後、生成した黄色沈殿をチューブろ過した。ろ別した黄色固体を冷アセトンで洗浄した後、塩化メチレンから再結晶し、淡黄色固体として下記式（１）で示される化合物を得た。
Palladium acetate and 1,10-phenanthroline were stirred in acetone at room temperature, and the resulting yellow precipitate was filtered through a tube. The filtered yellow solid was washed with cold acetone and then recrystallized from methylene chloride to obtain a compound represented by the following formula (1) as a pale yellow solid.
〈合成例２〉
窒素下でビス（ジベンジリデンアセトン）パラジウムとテトラメチルエチレンジアミンと４ーブロモフタル酸ジメチルをベンゼン中５０℃で３８．５時間加熱撹拌した。冷却後、生成した灰緑色固体を吸引ろ過により集めた。得られた固体をベンゼンで洗浄後、風乾した。灰色固体として下記式で示されるＰｄＢｒ[３，４−ビス（メトキシカルボニル）フェニル]（テトラメチルエチレンジアミン）を得た。
Under nitrogen, bis (dibenzylideneacetone) palladium, tetramethylethylenediamine, and dimethyl 4-bromophthalate were heated and stirred in benzene at 50 ° C. for 38.5 hours. After cooling, the resulting grey-green solid was collected by suction filtration. The obtained solid was washed with benzene and then air-dried. PdBr [3,4-bis (methoxycarbonyl) phenyl] (tetramethylethylenediamine) represented by the following formula was obtained as a gray solid.
〈合成例３〉
合成例２で得られた化合物を塩化メチレンに溶かし、チューブろ過により沈殿を除去した後、１，１０−フェナントロリン・１水和物を加え、室温で３９時間撹拌した。その後、ヘキサンを加えて淡黄色固体を析出させた。チューブろ過後、ヘキサンで洗浄し、真空乾燥させ下記式で示される化合物を淡黄色固体として得た。
The compound obtained in Synthesis Example 2 was dissolved in methylene chloride, the precipitate was removed by tube filtration, 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 39 hours. Thereafter, hexane was added to precipitate a pale yellow solid. After tube filtration, it was washed with hexane and vacuum dried to obtain a compound represented by the following formula as a pale yellow solid.
〈合成例４〉
合成例３で得られた化合物を塩化メチレン中で懸濁させ、酢酸銀を加えて遮光しながら２．５時間撹拌した。臭化銀と推測される褐色固体の析出を確認後、チューブろ過によりろ液の溶媒を留去した。ヘキサンで洗浄後、塩化メチレン／ペンタンで再結晶し、淡黄色結晶として下記式（２）で示される化合物を得た。
３−ニトロフタル酸ジメチルをスズで還元し、３−アミノフタル酸ジメチルに誘導した後、３−ヨードフタル酸ジメチルを得た。得られた３−ヨードフタル酸ジメチルを合成例２〜４と同様の手法で処理して、式（３）の化合物を得た。
The compound obtained in Synthesis Example 3 was suspended in methylene chloride, silver acetate was added, and the mixture was stirred for 2.5 hours while being protected from light. After confirming the precipitation of a brown solid presumed to be silver bromide, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled off by tube filtration. After washing with hexane, recrystallization with methylene chloride / pentane gave a compound represented by the following formula (2) as pale yellow crystals.
After dimethyl 3-nitrophthalate was reduced with tin and derived into dimethyl 3-aminophthalate, dimethyl 3-iodophthalate was obtained. The obtained dimethyl 3-iodophthalate was treated in the same manner as in Synthesis Examples 2 to 4 to obtain a compound of the formula (3).
〈実施例〉
得られた式（１）〜（３）の化合物を触媒として触媒反応を行った。フタル酸ジメチル（２５．０ｍＬ、１５３ｍｍｏｌ）に、触媒として、式（１）の化合物、式（２）の化合物、式（３）の化合物、または、酢酸パラジウム（Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）2）のいずれかを０．１ｍｍｏｌ、塩基性二座配位子として１，１０−フェナントロリン・１水和物を０．３，１．０，１．３ｍｍｏｌ、助触媒として、銅塩（Ｃｕ（ＯＡｃ）2またはＣｕ（ａｃａｃ）2）を０．０３ｍｍｏｌを加え、空気を吹き込みながら２００℃で６時間加熱撹拌した。得られた反応溶液を一部取り出し、トリフェニルメタンを入れたスクリュー管に加え、ＴＨＦで希釈した後ＧＣを用いて定量した。二量体として３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステル、および、異性体である２，３，３’，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルが生成するが、収率は３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステルとして、フタル酸ジメチルエステルが完全に二量体に転化した場合を１００％として算出した。結果については表１に記載した。
転化率：フタル酸ジメチルエステル（ＤＭＰ）の転化率(％)
収率 ：二量体の生成率(％)
存在比：３，３’，４，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステル／２，３，３’，４’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸エステル（％）
選択率：１００×二量体収率／転化率
ＴＯＮ：二量体収率／触媒濃度
<Example>
Catalytic reaction was performed using the obtained compounds of formulas (1) to (3) as catalysts. Either dimethyl phthalate (25.0 mL, 153 mmol), as a catalyst, a compound of formula (1), a compound of formula (2), a compound of formula (3), or palladium acetate (Pd (OAc) 2 ) 0.1 mmol, 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate as basic bidentate ligand 0.3, 1.0, 1.3 mmol, and copper salt (Cu (OAc) 2 or Cu as promoter) 0.03 mmol of (acac) 2 ) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 ° C. for 6 hours while blowing air. A part of the obtained reaction solution was taken out, added to a screw tube containing triphenylmethane, diluted with THF, and then quantified using GC. As a dimer, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester and isomer 2,3,3 ′, 4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester are produced, but the yield is 3 , 3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester was calculated as 100% when phthalic acid dimethyl ester was completely converted to a dimer. The results are shown in Table 1.
Conversion rate: Conversion rate of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) (%)
Yield: Dimer production rate (%)
Abundance ratio: 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester / 2,3,3 ′, 4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester (%)
Selectivity: 100 × dimer yield / conversion TON: dimer yield / catalyst concentration
［結果の説明］
これまで反応性、選択性が高いと考えられてきたのは比較例１の条件であったが、触媒として錯体Ａまた錯体Ｂを使用し、銅塩及び塩基性二座配位子を添加した実施例において、それを上回るフタル酸ジメチルエステルの反応性（転化率）と、選択性（選択率）を得た。また、触媒回転数（ＴＯＮ）についても、比較例１に比べて大きく改善することが可能となった。
[Explanation of results]
The conditions of Comparative Example 1 have been considered to have high reactivity and selectivity so far, but complex A or complex B was used as a catalyst, and a copper salt and a basic bidentate ligand were added. In the examples, the reactivity (conversion rate) and selectivity (selectivity) of dimethyl phthalate exceeding that were obtained. Further, the catalyst rotation speed (TON) can be greatly improved as compared with Comparative Example 1.
本発明のパラジウム金属錯体は、例えばポリイミドの原料であるビフェニルテトラカルボン酸無水物の製造時の触媒に利用できる。 The palladium metal complex of the present invention can be used, for example, as a catalyst for the production of biphenyltetracarboxylic anhydride, which is a raw material for polyimide.
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