JP2018070280A - Pneumatic transportation method for fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pneumatic transportation device and a pneumatic transportation method of a suction type which can resolve limitations on a transport distance and a transport quantity of a fluid.SOLUTION: A pneumatic transportation device X comprises: a transport path 2 for a fluid C; supply means for the fluid C provided in an upstream part thereof; suction means 6 for the fluid C provided in a downstream part of the transport path 2; and ejectors E1 to En provided at a prescribed interval L2 in the middle of the transport path 2. The ejectors E1 to En have annular exhaust nozzles 5 facing the transport path 2 to exhaust pulse air A from the exhaust nozzles 5. The pulse air A is exhausted in order from the exhaust nozzles 5 of the ejectors E1 to En closer to the suction means 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pneumatic pneumatic transport apparatus and pneumatic pneumatic transport method.

  Pneumatic transportation methods for fluids such as powders, granules, slurries, twisting fluids (mixtures of slurry and solids), liquids, etc. are suction, low pressure, high pressure, and Bragg type Etc. exist. Among these, the suction type has advantages such as that dust does not scatter at the fluid supply point, and that the dust does not leak because the inside of the transport path has a negative pressure. However, the suction type has a limitation that the suction pressure is practically about -60 to -70 KPa. Therefore, according to the suction type, the transport distance or transport amount of the fluid is restricted.

  In this regard, in the case of the pressure-feed type, proposals that enable long-distance transportation have already been made. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes providing a transportation force enhancing means to enable long-distance transportation. The transportation force enhancing means is for injecting another fluid into the transportation path to promote fluid movement. Specifically, the transportation force enhancing means is constituted by a nozzle interposed in the transportation path and an air supply unit for supplying air to the nozzle. And the direction of the discharge port of a nozzle is set so that air may be discharged diagonally with respect to a transport direction and a spiral airflow may be formed on an outer peripheral surface. The reason is as follows: “When air is injected into the transport path 3, an air flow is formed spirally along the inner surface of the transport pipe 3 a, so that it moves slowly in the vicinity of the inner surface of the transport pipe 3 a. The powder is swept away and the transport force is increased, so that the powder is pumped at an increased moving speed.By repeating this process, the powder is transported farther to reach the destination. "Up to 6 will be transported."

  However, the present inventors believe that even if this method is simply applied to a suction-type pneumatic transportation device, the restriction on the transportation distance or the transportation amount cannot be solved. Therefore, in order to enjoy the advantages of the suction type described above, a suction type pneumatic transport apparatus must be separately developed.

  According to the test conducted by the present inventors, for example, in the case of blower: 37 KW, transport path: diameter 100 mm, transport object: blast sand, transport distance is 15 t (tons) / hour when transport distance is 5 m. When the distance was 15 m, the transportation amount was 10 t / hour, and when the transportation distance was 100 m, the transportation amount was 1 t / hour. As is clear from this result, the transport amount drastically decreases as the transport distance increases. Therefore, it is considered that the practical transport distance is limited to 30 to 50 m.

JP 2000-309424 A

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a suction-type pneumatic transport device and a pneumatic transport method capable of eliminating restrictions on the transport distance and transport amount of fluid.

  Means for solving the above problems include a fluid transport path, the fluid supply means provided in the upstream portion of the transport path, the fluid suction means provided in the downstream portion of the transport path, and the transport path. An ejector provided at predetermined intervals in the middle, the ejector having an annular jet port facing the transport path, and ejecting pulsed air from the jet port, Device.

  In addition, the pneumatic transportation device includes a fluid transportation path and suction means, and an ejector provided at predetermined intervals in the middle of the transportation path, and the ejector has an annular jet port facing the inside of the transportation path. In this method, the pulse air is ejected in order from the ejection port of the ejector on the side close to the suction means.

  According to the present invention, a suction-type pneumatic transport device and a pneumatic transport method that can eliminate restrictions on the transport distance and transport amount of a fluid are provided.

It is a general view of the pneumatic transport apparatus of this form. It is a cross-sectional view of an ejector portion. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an ejector part. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect by pulse air ejection. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the timing of pulse air ejection.

Next, modes for carrying out the invention will be described. In addition, this form is an example for implementing this invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of this embodiment.
(Pneumatic transport device)
As shown in FIG. 1, the pneumatic transport device X of the present embodiment includes a transport path 2 for a fluid C, a supply means (not shown) for the fluid C, a suction means 6 for the fluid C, and a collection means for the fluid C. 7 and a plurality of ejectors E1 to En (hereinafter, any one of the ejectors E1 to En is also simply referred to as “ejector E”).

  The fluid C that can be transported by the pneumatic transport device X is, for example, powder, granule, slurry, twisting fluid, liquid, or the like. Examples of the fluid C that is a powder include blast sand, cereals, and cement. Examples of the fluid C that is a granular material include activated carbon pellets and RDF pellets. Examples of the fluid C that is a slurry include mud and mortar. Examples of the fluid C that is a distorted fluid include ready-mixed concrete and excavated soil. Examples of the fluid C that is a liquid include cement milk and human waste.

The fluid C is supplied to the transport path 2 (the inner space thereof). The supplied fluid C flows in the transport path 2 together with air or the like. The fluid C is transported by flowing in the transport path 2. In the present specification, “air” for transporting the fluid C does not mean only the air existing on the ground. Air also includes general gases that can play a role in transporting fluid C. Therefore, for example, the fluid C can be transported by a gas (gas) such as N ₂ gas or CO ₂ gas.

  The transport path 2 is sufficient if it fulfills the function (role) of flowing (transporting) the fluid C. Therefore, it does not matter in particular what kind of name is used. For example, even a so-called transport pipe, transport hose, etc. are included in the transport path 2 of this embodiment as long as they fulfill the above functions.

  The cross-sectional shape of the transport path 2 is usually circular. The transportation path 2 extends in a straight line, extends in an arc, or extends in a curved shape, a bent shape, or the like, as appropriate. May be.

  The transport path 2 may be formed of a hard material, or may be formed of a flexible material, a flexible material, or the like. As a hard material, a steel pipe, a polyvinyl chloride pipe, etc. can be illustrated, for example. Examples of the material having flexibility and flexibility include a rubber hose and a PVC hose.

  The supply means for the fluid C has a function of supplying the fluid C into the transport path 2.

  The supply means of the fluid C is provided at the upstream portion of the transport path 2, for example, at the upstream end portion. In the example of FIG. 1, the right side of the drawing is the upstream side.

  As the supply means of the fluid C, when the fluid C is a powder or a granular material, for example, a rotary feeder, a screw feeder, a food chute, a table feeder or the like can be used. As the supply means for the fluid C, when the fluid C is a slurry, a distorted fluid, a liquid, or the like, for example, a pump such as a slurry pump, a squeeze pump, a reciprocating pump, or the like can be used. .

  The suction means 6 for the fluid C has a function of sucking air, fluid C and the like in the transport path 2. By suction by the suction means 6, air, fluid C, and the like in the transport path 2 flow from the upstream side to the downstream side. In the example of FIG. 1, air, fluid C, and the like in the transport path 2 flow from the right side of the page to the left side of the page.

  The suction means 6 for the fluid C is provided at the downstream portion of the transport path 2, for example, at the downstream end (terminal portion). The suction means 6 of this embodiment is provided at the end of the transport path 2 via the collection means 7. In the example of FIG. 1, the left side of the drawing is the downstream side.

  As the suction means 6 for the fluid C, for example, a blower such as a fan blower, a turbo blower, or a roots blower, or an air compressor such as a screw type air compressor or a reciprocating air compressor can be used.

  The fluid C collecting means 7 has a function of separating and collecting the fluid C flowing in the transport path 2 from the air used for flowing (transporting) the fluid C.

  The collecting means 7 of this embodiment mainly includes a filter 7a, a silo 7b, and a cutting means 7c. The fluid C flowing in the transport path 2 is collected by the filter 7a and separated from the air. The fluid C separated from the air is collected (stored) in the silo 7b. The fluid C in the silo 7b is discharged to the outside by the cutting means 7c at an appropriate timing. On the other hand, the air from which the fluid C has been removed passes through the suction means 6 and is then released into the atmosphere as exhaust gas G.

  A plurality of ejectors E in this embodiment are provided, specifically, “n”. Therefore, in the present specification, a plurality of ejectors E are indicated by symbols E1 to En. The ejector E closest to the suction means 6 is indicated by reference numeral E1. And the code | symbol of the ejector E becomes E2, E3 ... in order as it leaves | separates from the suction means 6, and the ejector E furthest away from the suction means 6 is shown with the code | symbol En.

  The ejectors E1 to En are provided at predetermined intervals L2 in the middle of the transportation path 2. The predetermined intervals L2 may be different from each other, but it is preferable that all the predetermined intervals L2 are the same.

  In the case where all the predetermined intervals L2 are the same, the predetermined interval L2 is, for example, 3 to 20 m, preferably 5 to 15 m, and more preferably 5 to 7 m. If the predetermined distance L2 is too long, the transport distance L1 of the fluid C may not be sufficiently extended, or the transport amount may not be increased sufficiently. On the other hand, even if the predetermined interval L2 is too short, the effect of improving the transportation distance and the transportation amount reaches its peak, and there is a possibility that only an increase in equipment costs will be caused. If the predetermined distance L2 is too short, turbulent flow may occur in the transport path 2 in some cases, and the transport distance L1 and the transport amount may not be improved as intended.

  As can be understood from FIG. 3, the ejector E has an annular ejection port 5 facing the inside of the transport path 2. Air (pulsed air) is ejected intermittently and instantaneously from the ejection port 5. By ejecting pulsed air from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E, the transport distance L1 of the fluid C can be extended, or the transport amount can be increased. This principle will be described later when explaining the pneumatic transportation method.

The structure for ejecting pulsed air from the ejection port 5 is as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the ejectors E1 to En is connected to the compressor 8 by an air pipe 8a. Each air pipe 8a is provided with valves P1 to Pn (hereinafter, any one of the valves P1 to Pn is also simply referred to as “valve P”). The valves P1 to Pn are each connected to a control panel (controller) 9 by a control line 9a. The valves P1 to Pn are opened and closed by a command from the control panel 9. The compressed air sent from the compressor 8 to the ejectors E1 to En through the air pipe 8a is ejected A into the transport path 2 through the ejection port 5 (see FIG. 3). This ejection A becomes intermittent and instantaneous according to the opening and closing of the valves P1 to Pn.

  In addition, the valve | bulb P of this form is provided with two or more units, specifically "n units" equal to the number of ejectors E. Therefore, in the present specification, a plurality of valves P are indicated by symbols P1 to Pn. Each valve P1-Pn has a corresponding relationship with the ejectors E1-Pn, respectively.

  The opening area of the jet nozzle 5 is, for example, 4 to 15%, preferably 5 to 10%, more preferably 6 to 7% of the cross-sectional area of the transport path 2. If the opening area of the jet outlet 5 is too small, there is a possibility that the fluid C in the transport path 2 can be sufficiently removed (the meaning of this “displacement” will be described later). As a result, there is a possibility that the transport distance L1 of the fluid C cannot be sufficiently extended or the transport amount cannot be increased sufficiently. If the opening area of the jet outlet 5 is too wide, the jetted pulse air may collide and turbulence may occur. In addition, the opening area of the jet nozzle 5 is usually the same as the opening area of the valve P.

  The angle α (see FIG. 3) at which the pulse air is ejected A is, for example, 7.5 to 35 °, preferably 10 to 22.5 °, and more preferably 15 to 17 °. If the angle α at which the pulse air is ejected A is too small, there is a possibility that the fluid C existing at the center portion (axial center portion) of the transport path 2 cannot be sufficiently removed. On the other hand, if the angle α at which the pulse air is ejected A is too large, turbulent flow may occur in the air in the transport path 2 and the fluid C may not be sufficiently removed.

  The angle α at which the pulse air is ejected A can be adjusted by a case body 4 (so-called reducer) of the ejector E as shown in FIGS. The diameter (diameter) of the downstream end 4 a of the case body 4 is the same as the diameter (diameter) of the transport path 2. The case body 4 has a diameter that tapers from there (downstream end 4a) toward the upstream side. And the case body 4 is extended in parallel with the surrounding wall of the transport path 2 in the upstream edge part 4b. An air pipe 8a is connected (connected) to the upstream end 4b. The pulse air from the air pipe 8a is sent into the ejector E (inside the case body 4) from the upstream end 4b. The upstream edge 4c of the case body 4 is closed.

(Pneumatic transportation method)
Next, the pneumatic transportation method of this embodiment will be described.
In the pneumatic transportation method of this embodiment, the pneumatic transportation apparatus X described above is used. When transporting the fluid C using the pneumatic transport device X, the ejector E1 to En among the plurality of ejectors E1 to En is sequentially arranged from the side closer to the suction means 6, and in this embodiment, the ejector E1 that is closest to the suction means 6 is sequentially ordered. The pulsed air is ejected from the ejection port 5.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, first, pulsed air A1 is ejected from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1. In addition, FIG. 5 has shown the correlation of the ejection pressure of the pulse air of the ejectors E1-En. In the figure, the horizontal axis shows the passage of time, and the vertical axis shows the fluctuation of the ejection pressure of the pulsed air. The pulsed air ejection pressure at the start (when the horizontal axis intersects the vertical axis) is 0 (zero). In the part where the line indicating the fluctuation of the ejection pressure moves upward and then moves downward, it means that pulse air ejection A1 and ejection B1 are performed.

  After the pulse air ejection A1 is performed, the pulse air ejection A2 is performed from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E2 adjacent to the ejector E1 on the side opposite to the suction means 6. Thereafter, similarly, the ejection A3 and A4 of the pulse air are sequentially performed from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E3 and from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E4. Finally, the pulsed air is ejected from the ejection port 5 of the ejector En.

  In the above, each ejection A1-An needs to be completed before the next ejection starts. Therefore, the ejection time T1 of each ejection A1 to An is very short, for example, 0.1 to 1 second, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 second, more preferably 0.1 to 0.2 second. is there.

  Also, the interval between the ejections A1 to An (the time from the ejection of the pulse air from the ejection port 5 of one ejector E to the ejection of the pulsed air from the ejection port 5 of the next ejector E) T2 is, for example, 1 to 4 seconds. , Preferably 1 to 3 seconds, more preferably 1 to 2 seconds.

  Note that the interval between the ejections A1 to An is the time from the start of one ejection (for example, ejection A1) to the start of the next ejection (for example, ejection A2 when one ejection is ejection A1). means.

  Here, when pulse air is ejected in order from the ejection ports 5 of the ejectors E1 to En as described above, the transport distance L1 of the fluid C can be extended, or the transport amount of the fluid C can be increased. The principle that will become possible will be described.

  If the air and the fluid C in the transport path 2 are only sucked by the suction means 6, the fluid C normally flows through the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 as shown in (1) of FIG. In this regard, when the specific gravity of the fluid C is light, the fluid C does not necessarily flow through the bottom 2a of the transport path 2. However, under the current technology that there is a practical limitation on the suction pressure of the suction means 6 at least when the transport distance L1 is increased or the transport amount is increased, at least a place away from the suction means 6 in the transport path 2 In this case, the fluid C flows through the bottom 2 a of the transport path 2. Then, the fluid C may be agglomerated at the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 or may adhere to the bottom 2a of the transport path 2. Therefore, in order to avoid such a situation, in the conventional pneumatic transportation method, there are significant restrictions on the transportation distance and transportation amount of the fluid C.

On the other hand, such a restriction does not exist in the pneumatic transportation method of the present embodiment.
That is, in the pneumatic transportation method of this embodiment, first, as shown in (2) of FIG. 4, pulse air is ejected A1 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1. By this ejection A1, the fluid C flowing through the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 soars. However, the air and fluid C in the transport path 2 are not pushed at “points” as in the case where air is ejected from the nozzles. The ejection port 5 of the ejector E1 extends along the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the transport path 2 and has an annular shape. Therefore, the air and the fluid C in the transport path 2 are pushed to the downstream side (the suction means 6 side) at the “plane” orthogonal to the transport path 2 and are accelerated downstream as a whole. As a result, the fluid C is not simply swollen (scattered), but is spilled downstream, and the concentration of the fluid C is “low” at least in a predetermined range L4 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1 to the downstream side. It becomes the state of. In addition, further downstream (from the most downstream point in the predetermined range L4), the fluid C is in a “dense” state where the concentration of the fluid C is high. In this state, as shown in (3) of FIG. 4, pulse air is ejected A2 from the ejection port 5 of the next ejector E2. The air and fluid C in the transport path 2 are also pushed to the downstream side (the suction means 6 side) by the “plane” orthogonal to the transport path 2 by this ejection A2. However, since the predetermined range L4 is “sparse” due to the previous ejection A1 on the downstream side, the fluid C2 pushed to the downstream side by the ejection A2 may collide with the fluid C previously flowing. There is no. Therefore, there is no possibility that the ejection pressure due to the ejection A2 is lost, and the fluid C2 moves smoothly downstream. Moreover, the location where the density | concentration of the fluid C is in a dense state is not in a state where the fluid C exists only at the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 as in the past. That is, the fluid C exists throughout the entire transport path 2 in the dense state. Therefore, the entire transport path 2 is effectively used for transporting the fluid C.

  In short, the pneumatic transportation method of the present embodiment does not push the fluid C from the upstream side in order from the upstream side by the air force, but sequentially from the downstream side so that the force of the air (pulse air) is maximized. The inside of the transport path 2 is made clear (sparse state). Moreover, in order to make the inside of the transport path 2 clear, the pulse air is not ejected by a nozzle or the like, but is performed so that the pulse air is ejected in an annular shape by an ejector.

  The suction means 6 of this embodiment serves as a catcher that catches air or fluid C rather than actively sucking air or fluid C. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of the suction means 6 even when the transport distance L1 is increased or the transport amount is increased. Further, it is only necessary to instantaneously send pulsed air to each of the ejectors E1 to En, instead of continuously sending air like a normal ejector. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of a compressor that sends compressed air to the ejectors E1 to En. Note that the flow rate of the pulse air is sufficient to be about 10 to 15% of the flow rate of the air flowing in the transport path 2. Further, if air is continuously sent to the ejectors E1 to En, as many compressors as the number of ejectors (in this embodiment, n) are required. Further, if air is continuously sent to the ejectors E1 to En, the transportation path 2 needs to be thickened, and the handling performance of the transportation path 2 is deteriorated.

  From the above viewpoint, that is, from the viewpoint of pushing the air and fluid C in the transport path 2 to the downstream side by a “plane” orthogonal to the transport path 2, the preferred opening area of the jet outlet 5 is the cross-sectional area of the transport path 2. Identified by relationship. In addition, about the preferable opening area of the jet nozzle 5, it is as having mentioned above.

  Moreover, from the same viewpoint, the ejection pressure of pulsed air is, for example, 200 to 900 Pa, preferably 400 to 700 Pa, and more preferably 400 to 500 Pa.

  When the pulse air is ejected from the ejector outlet 5 of the ejector En, that is, the ejector En farthest from the suction means 6 as described above, the pulse air is ejected B1 from the ejector outlet 5 of the ejector E1 again as shown in FIG. Thereafter, similarly, the ejection B2 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E2, the ejection B3 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E3, the ejection B4 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E4, and the ejection of pulsed air are repeated as necessary. .

  However, when the ejection An from the ejection port 5 of the ejector En ends in this way, the ejection B1 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1 is not performed, but from a predetermined ejector, for example, the ejection port 5 of the ejector E4. If ejection A4 is performed, it can also be said that ejection B1 from ejection port 5 of ejector E1 is performed. In this case, the ejection A5 from the ejection port 5 after the ejector E5 and the second ejection B1 from the ejection port 5 after the ejector E1 proceed simultaneously.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a fluid pneumatic transport apparatus and pneumatic transport method. Available industrial fields include, for example, various fields such as cleaning, construction, shipbuilding and casting.
Specifically, for example, when unloading (air transport) cereals, alumina, etc. from ships, etc., when transporting beer, milling, soda ash, etc. by air in the food and chemical industries, incineration ash is transported by air. When pneumatically transporting toxic materials, when transporting air while drying the fluid, when transporting fibers, pieces of paper, wood chips, machine tool chips, etc. When supplying (pneumatic transport), when transporting dust collected by air, when transporting dry fluid by air, when transporting wood chips, tobacco leaves, etc. by air, food, grains, chemical products, etc. It can be used when pneumatically transporting high-temperature powders such as ash, cinder, and carbon when pneumatically transporting soda ash, cement, ready-mixed concrete, alumina, and the like.

  In particular, in sandblasting, not only sand but also grids or steel balls can be pneumatically transported. In this respect, the steel ball has a diameter of 1 to 2 mm and a specific gravity of 7.85, and according to the conventional method, the air flow rate needs to be 60 m / s or more. Further, the transport distance was about 20 to 30 m. On the other hand, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to transport 200 m or more.

  In addition, for example, in drilling holes in the ground, it is necessary to suck up the cut earth and sand while cutting the ground. However, the cut earth and sand are wet and easily agglomerated and have high resistance. Therefore, according to the conventional pneumatic transportation method, suction of 4 to 5 m (pneumatic transportation) was the limit. And when it was necessary to suck more than that, it was picked up by clamshell regardless of pneumatic transportation. However, according to the method of the present invention, suction of 50 m or more is possible.

2 transport path 2a bottom 4 case body 5 spout 6 suction means 7 collection means 7a filter 7b silo 7c cutting means 8 compressor 8a air piping 9 control panel 9a control line A, A1 to An pulse air (spout)
E, E1 to En Ejector C Fluid G Exhaust gas P, P1 to Pn Valve X Pneumatic transport device

The present invention relates to air transport method of the fluid.

  Pneumatic transportation methods for fluids such as powders, granules, slurries, twisting fluids (mixtures of slurry and solids), liquids, etc. are suction, low pressure, high pressure, and Bragg type Etc. exist. Among these, the suction type has advantages such as that dust does not scatter at the fluid supply point, and that the dust does not leak because the inside of the transport path has a negative pressure. However, the suction type has a limitation that the suction pressure is practically about -60 to -70 KPa. Therefore, according to the suction type, the transport distance or transport amount of the fluid is restricted.

  In this regard, in the case of the pressure-feed type, proposals that enable long-distance transportation have already been made. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes providing a transportation force enhancing means to enable long-distance transportation. The transportation force enhancing means is for injecting another fluid into the transportation path to promote fluid movement. Specifically, the transportation force enhancing means is constituted by a nozzle interposed in the transportation path and an air supply unit for supplying air to the nozzle. And the direction of the discharge port of a nozzle is set so that air may be discharged diagonally with respect to a transport direction and a spiral airflow may be formed on an outer peripheral surface. The reason is as follows: “When air is injected into the transport path 3, an air flow is formed spirally along the inner surface of the transport pipe 3 a, so that it moves slowly in the vicinity of the inner surface of the transport pipe 3 a. The powder is swept away and the transport force is increased, so that the powder is pumped at an increased moving speed.By repeating this process, the powder is transported farther to reach the destination. "Up to 6 will be transported."

  However, the present inventors believe that even if this method is simply applied to a suction-type pneumatic transportation device, the restriction on the transportation distance or the transportation amount cannot be solved. Therefore, in order to enjoy the advantages of the suction type described above, a suction type pneumatic transport apparatus must be separately developed.

  According to the test conducted by the present inventors, for example, in the case of blower: 37 KW, transport path: diameter 100 mm, transport object: blast sand, transport distance is 15 t (tons) / hour when transport distance is 5 m. When the distance was 15 m, the transportation amount was 10 t / hour, and when the transportation distance was 100 m, the transportation amount was 1 t / hour. As is clear from this result, the transport amount drastically decreases as the transport distance increases. Therefore, it is considered that the practical transport distance is limited to 30 to 50 m.

JP 2000-309424 A

The main object of the present invention is to provide is to provide a air transport method of the suction type which can eliminate the constraints of transport distance and transport of fluids.

Means to be used for solving the above problems are a fluid transport path, the fluid supply means provided upstream of the transport path, the fluid suction means provided downstream of the transport path, and the An ejector provided at predetermined intervals in the middle of the transport path, the ejector having an annular jet port facing the transport path, and ejecting pulsed air from the jet port The pneumatic transport device.

Further, the means for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a fluid transportation path and a suction means, and an ejector provided at predetermined intervals in the middle of the transportation path, and the ejector faces the inside of the transportation path. A fluid pneumatic transport method characterized in that pulse air is ejected in order from an ejector outlet of an ejector on the side close to the suction means by using an air transport device having a jet outlet.

According to the present invention, the air transportation method of the suction type which can eliminate the constraints of transport distance and transport of fluids.

It is a general view of the pneumatic transport apparatus of this form. It is a cross-sectional view of an ejector portion. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an ejector part. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect by pulse air ejection. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the timing of pulse air ejection.

Next, modes for carrying out the invention will be described. In addition, this form is an example for implementing this invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of this embodiment.
(Pneumatic transport device)
As shown in FIG. 1, the pneumatic transport device X of the present embodiment includes a transport path 2 for a fluid C, a supply means (not shown) for the fluid C, a suction means 6 for the fluid C, and a collection means for the fluid C. 7 and a plurality of ejectors E1 to En (hereinafter, any one of the ejectors E1 to En is also simply referred to as “ejector E”).

  The fluid C that can be transported by the pneumatic transport device X is, for example, powder, granule, slurry, twisting fluid, liquid, or the like. Examples of the fluid C that is a powder include blast sand, cereals, and cement. Examples of the fluid C that is a granular material include activated carbon pellets and RDF pellets. Examples of the fluid C that is a slurry include mud and mortar. Examples of the fluid C that is a distorted fluid include ready-mixed concrete and excavated soil. Examples of the fluid C that is a liquid include cement milk and human waste.

The fluid C is supplied to the transport path 2 (the inner space thereof). The supplied fluid C flows in the transport path 2 together with air or the like. The fluid C is transported by flowing in the transport path 2. In the present specification, “air” for transporting the fluid C does not mean only the air existing on the ground. Air also includes general gases that can play a role in transporting fluid C. Therefore, for example, the fluid C can be transported by a gas (gas) such as N ₂ gas or CO ₂ gas.

  The transport path 2 is sufficient if it fulfills the function (role) of flowing (transporting) the fluid C. Therefore, it does not matter in particular what kind of name is used. For example, even a so-called transport pipe, transport hose, etc. are included in the transport path 2 of this embodiment as long as they fulfill the above functions.

  The cross-sectional shape of the transport path 2 is usually circular. The transportation path 2 extends in a straight line, extends in an arc, or extends in a curved shape, a bent shape, or the like, as appropriate. May be.

  The transport path 2 may be formed of a hard material, or may be formed of a flexible material, a flexible material, or the like. As a hard material, a steel pipe, a polyvinyl chloride pipe, etc. can be illustrated, for example. Examples of the material having flexibility and flexibility include a rubber hose and a PVC hose.

  The supply means for the fluid C has a function of supplying the fluid C into the transport path 2.

  The supply means of the fluid C is provided at the upstream portion of the transport path 2, for example, at the upstream end portion. In the example of FIG. 1, the right side of the drawing is the upstream side.

  As the supply means of the fluid C, when the fluid C is a powder or a granular material, for example, a rotary feeder, a screw feeder, a food chute, a table feeder or the like can be used. As the supply means for the fluid C, when the fluid C is a slurry, a distorted fluid, a liquid, or the like, for example, a pump such as a slurry pump, a squeeze pump, a reciprocating pump, or the like can be used. .

  The suction means 6 for the fluid C has a function of sucking air, fluid C and the like in the transport path 2. By suction by the suction means 6, air, fluid C, and the like in the transport path 2 flow from the upstream side to the downstream side. In the example of FIG. 1, air, fluid C, and the like in the transport path 2 flow from the right side of the page to the left side of the page.

  The suction means 6 for the fluid C is provided at the downstream portion of the transport path 2, for example, at the downstream end (terminal portion). The suction means 6 of this embodiment is provided at the end of the transport path 2 via the collection means 7. In the example of FIG. 1, the left side of the drawing is the downstream side.

  As the suction means 6 for the fluid C, for example, a blower such as a fan blower, a turbo blower, or a roots blower, or an air compressor such as a screw type air compressor or a reciprocating air compressor can be used.

  The fluid C collecting means 7 has a function of separating and collecting the fluid C flowing in the transport path 2 from the air used for flowing (transporting) the fluid C.

  The collecting means 7 of this embodiment mainly includes a filter 7a, a silo 7b, and a cutting means 7c. The fluid C flowing in the transport path 2 is collected by the filter 7a and separated from the air. The fluid C separated from the air is collected (stored) in the silo 7b. The fluid C in the silo 7b is discharged to the outside by the cutting means 7c at an appropriate timing. On the other hand, the air from which the fluid C has been removed passes through the suction means 6 and is then released into the atmosphere as exhaust gas G.

  A plurality of ejectors E in this embodiment are provided, specifically, “n”. Therefore, in the present specification, a plurality of ejectors E are indicated by symbols E1 to En. The ejector E closest to the suction means 6 is indicated by reference numeral E1. And the code | symbol of the ejector E becomes E2, E3 ... in order as it leaves | separates from the suction means 6, and the ejector E furthest away from the suction means 6 is shown with the code | symbol En.

  The ejectors E1 to En are provided at predetermined intervals L2 in the middle of the transportation path 2. The predetermined intervals L2 may be different from each other, but it is preferable that all the predetermined intervals L2 are the same.

  In the case where all the predetermined intervals L2 are the same, the predetermined interval L2 is, for example, 3 to 20 m, preferably 5 to 15 m, and more preferably 5 to 7 m. If the predetermined distance L2 is too long, the transport distance L1 of the fluid C may not be sufficiently extended, or the transport amount may not be increased sufficiently. On the other hand, even if the predetermined interval L2 is too short, the effect of improving the transportation distance and the transportation amount reaches its peak, and there is a possibility that only an increase in equipment costs will be caused. If the predetermined distance L2 is too short, turbulent flow may occur in the transport path 2 in some cases, and the transport distance L1 and the transport amount may not be improved as intended.

  As can be understood from FIG. 3, the ejector E has an annular ejection port 5 facing the inside of the transport path 2. Air (pulsed air) is ejected intermittently and instantaneously from the ejection port 5. By ejecting pulsed air from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E, the transport distance L1 of the fluid C can be extended, or the transport amount can be increased. This principle will be described later when explaining the pneumatic transportation method.

The structure for ejecting pulsed air from the ejection port 5 is as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the ejectors E1 to En is connected to the compressor 8 by an air pipe 8a. Each air pipe 8a is provided with valves P1 to Pn (hereinafter, any one of the valves P1 to Pn is also simply referred to as “valve P”). The valves P1 to Pn are each connected to a control panel (controller) 9 by a control line 9a. The valves P1 to Pn are opened and closed by a command from the control panel 9. The compressed air sent from the compressor 8 to the ejectors E1 to En through the air pipe 8a is ejected A into the transport path 2 through the ejection port 5 (see FIG. 3). This ejection A becomes intermittent and instantaneous according to the opening and closing of the valves P1 to Pn.

  In addition, the valve | bulb P of this form is provided with two or more units, specifically "n units" equal to the number of ejectors E. Therefore, in the present specification, a plurality of valves P are indicated by symbols P1 to Pn. Each valve P1-Pn has a corresponding relationship with the ejectors E1-Pn, respectively.

  The opening area of the jet nozzle 5 is, for example, 4 to 15%, preferably 5 to 10%, more preferably 6 to 7% of the cross-sectional area of the transport path 2. If the opening area of the jet outlet 5 is too small, there is a possibility that the fluid C in the transport path 2 can be sufficiently removed (the meaning of this “displacement” will be described later). As a result, there is a possibility that the transport distance L1 of the fluid C cannot be sufficiently extended or the transport amount cannot be increased sufficiently. If the opening area of the jet outlet 5 is too wide, the jetted pulse air may collide and turbulence may occur. In addition, the opening area of the jet nozzle 5 is usually the same as the opening area of the valve P.

  The angle α (see FIG. 3) at which the pulse air is ejected A is, for example, 7.5 to 35 °, preferably 10 to 22.5 °, and more preferably 15 to 17 °. If the angle α at which the pulse air is ejected A is too small, there is a possibility that the fluid C existing at the center portion (axial center portion) of the transport path 2 cannot be sufficiently removed. On the other hand, if the angle α at which the pulse air is ejected A is too large, turbulent flow may occur in the air in the transport path 2 and the fluid C may not be sufficiently removed.

  The angle α at which the pulse air is ejected A can be adjusted by a case body 4 (so-called reducer) of the ejector E as shown in FIGS. The diameter (diameter) of the downstream end 4 a of the case body 4 is the same as the diameter (diameter) of the transport path 2. The case body 4 has a diameter that tapers from there (downstream end 4a) toward the upstream side. And the case body 4 is extended in parallel with the surrounding wall of the transport path 2 in the upstream edge part 4b. An air pipe 8a is connected (connected) to the upstream end 4b. The pulse air from the air pipe 8a is sent into the ejector E (inside the case body 4) from the upstream end 4b. The upstream edge 4c of the case body 4 is closed.

(Pneumatic transportation method)
Next, the pneumatic transportation method of this embodiment will be described.
In the pneumatic transportation method of this embodiment, the pneumatic transportation apparatus X described above is used. When transporting the fluid C using the pneumatic transport device X, the ejector E1 to En among the plurality of ejectors E1 to En is sequentially arranged from the side closer to the suction means 6, and in this embodiment, the ejector E1 that is closest to the suction means 6 is sequentially ordered. The pulsed air is ejected from the ejection port 5.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, first, pulsed air A1 is ejected from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1. In addition, FIG. 5 has shown the correlation of the ejection pressure of the pulse air of the ejectors E1-En. In the figure, the horizontal axis shows the passage of time, and the vertical axis shows the fluctuation of the ejection pressure of the pulsed air. The pulsed air ejection pressure at the start (when the horizontal axis intersects the vertical axis) is 0 (zero). In the part where the line indicating the fluctuation of the ejection pressure moves upward and then moves downward, it means that pulse air ejection A1 and ejection B1 are performed.

  After the pulse air ejection A1 is performed, the pulse air ejection A2 is performed from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E2 adjacent to the ejector E1 on the side opposite to the suction means 6. Thereafter, similarly, the ejection A3 and A4 of the pulse air are sequentially performed from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E3 and from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E4. Finally, the pulsed air is ejected from the ejection port 5 of the ejector En.

  In the above, each ejection A1-An needs to be completed before the next ejection starts. Therefore, the ejection time T1 of each ejection A1 to An is very short, for example, 0.1 to 1 second, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 second, more preferably 0.1 to 0.2 second. is there.

  Also, the interval between the ejections A1 to An (the time from the ejection of the pulse air from the ejection port 5 of one ejector E to the ejection of the pulsed air from the ejection port 5 of the next ejector E) T2 is, for example, 1 to 4 seconds. , Preferably 1 to 3 seconds, more preferably 1 to 2 seconds.

  Note that the interval between the ejections A1 to An is the time from the start of one ejection (for example, ejection A1) to the start of the next ejection (for example, ejection A2 when one ejection is ejection A1). means.

  Here, when pulse air is ejected in order from the ejection ports 5 of the ejectors E1 to En as described above, the transport distance L1 of the fluid C can be extended, or the transport amount of the fluid C can be increased. The principle that will become possible will be described.

  If the air and the fluid C in the transport path 2 are only sucked by the suction means 6, the fluid C normally flows through the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 as shown in (1) of FIG. In this regard, when the specific gravity of the fluid C is light, the fluid C does not necessarily flow through the bottom 2a of the transport path 2. However, under the current technology that there is a practical limitation on the suction pressure of the suction means 6 at least when the transport distance L1 is increased or the transport amount is increased, at least a place away from the suction means 6 in the transport path 2 In this case, the fluid C flows through the bottom 2 a of the transport path 2. Then, the fluid C may be agglomerated at the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 or may adhere to the bottom 2a of the transport path 2. Therefore, in order to avoid such a situation, in the conventional pneumatic transportation method, there are significant restrictions on the transportation distance and transportation amount of the fluid C.

On the other hand, such a restriction does not exist in the pneumatic transportation method of the present embodiment.
That is, in the pneumatic transportation method of this embodiment, first, as shown in (2) of FIG. 4, pulse air is ejected A1 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1. By this ejection A1, the fluid C flowing through the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 soars. However, the air and fluid C in the transport path 2 are not pushed at “points” as in the case where air is ejected from the nozzles. The ejection port 5 of the ejector E1 extends along the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the transport path 2 and has an annular shape. Therefore, the air and the fluid C in the transport path 2 are pushed to the downstream side (the suction means 6 side) at the “plane” orthogonal to the transport path 2 and are accelerated downstream as a whole. As a result, the fluid C is not simply swollen (scattered), but is spilled downstream, and the concentration of the fluid C is “low” at least in a predetermined range L4 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1 to the downstream side. It becomes the state of. In addition, further downstream (from the most downstream point in the predetermined range L4), the fluid C is in a “dense” state where the concentration of the fluid C is high. In this state, as shown in (3) of FIG. 4, pulse air is ejected A2 from the ejection port 5 of the next ejector E2. The air and fluid C in the transport path 2 are also pushed to the downstream side (the suction means 6 side) by the “plane” orthogonal to the transport path 2 by this ejection A2. However, since the predetermined range L4 is “sparse” due to the previous ejection A1 on the downstream side, the fluid C2 pushed to the downstream side by the ejection A2 may collide with the fluid C previously flowing. There is no. Therefore, there is no possibility that the ejection pressure due to the ejection A2 is lost, and the fluid C2 moves smoothly downstream. Moreover, the location where the density | concentration of the fluid C is in a dense state is not in a state where the fluid C exists only at the bottom 2a of the transport path 2 as in the past. That is, the fluid C exists throughout the entire transport path 2 in the dense state. Therefore, the entire transport path 2 is effectively used for transporting the fluid C.

  In short, the pneumatic transportation method of the present embodiment does not push the fluid C from the upstream side in order from the upstream side by the air force, but sequentially from the downstream side so that the force of the air (pulse air) is maximized. The inside of the transport path 2 is made clear (sparse state). Moreover, in order to make the inside of the transport path 2 clear, the pulse air is not ejected by a nozzle or the like, but is performed so that the pulse air is ejected in an annular shape by an ejector.

  The suction means 6 of this embodiment serves as a catcher that catches air or fluid C rather than actively sucking air or fluid C. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of the suction means 6 even when the transport distance L1 is increased or the transport amount is increased. Further, it is only necessary to instantaneously send pulsed air to each of the ejectors E1 to En, instead of continuously sending air like a normal ejector. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of a compressor that sends compressed air to the ejectors E1 to En. Note that the flow rate of the pulse air is sufficient to be about 10 to 15% of the flow rate of the air flowing in the transport path 2. Further, if air is continuously sent to the ejectors E1 to En, as many compressors as the number of ejectors (in this embodiment, n) are required. Further, if air is continuously sent to the ejectors E1 to En, the transportation path 2 needs to be thickened, and the handling performance of the transportation path 2 is deteriorated.

  From the above viewpoint, that is, from the viewpoint of pushing the air and fluid C in the transport path 2 to the downstream side by a “plane” orthogonal to the transport path 2, the preferred opening area of the jet outlet 5 is the cross-sectional area of the transport path 2. Identified by relationship. In addition, about the preferable opening area of the jet nozzle 5, it is as having mentioned above.

  Moreover, from the same viewpoint, the ejection pressure of pulsed air is, for example, 200 to 900 Pa, preferably 400 to 700 Pa, and more preferably 400 to 500 Pa.

  When the pulse air is ejected from the ejector outlet 5 of the ejector En, that is, the ejector En farthest from the suction means 6 as described above, the pulse air is ejected B1 from the ejector outlet 5 of the ejector E1 again as shown in FIG. Subsequently, similarly, the ejection B2 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E2, the ejection B3 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E3, the ejection B4 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E4, and the ejection of pulsed air are repeated as necessary. .

  However, when the ejection An from the ejection port 5 of the ejector En ends in this way, the ejection B1 from the ejection port 5 of the ejector E1 is not performed, but from a predetermined ejector, for example, the ejection port 5 of the ejector E4. If ejection A4 is performed, it can also be said that ejection B1 from ejection port 5 of ejector E1 is performed. In this case, the ejection A5 from the ejection port 5 after the ejector E5 and the second ejection B1 from the ejection port 5 after the ejector E1 proceed simultaneously.

The present invention can be utilized as air transportation method of the fluid. Available industrial fields include, for example, various fields such as cleaning, construction, shipbuilding and casting.
Specifically, for example, when unloading (air transport) cereals, alumina, etc. from ships, etc., when transporting beer, milling, soda ash, etc. by air in the food and chemical industries, incineration ash is transported by air. When pneumatically transporting toxic materials, when transporting air while drying the fluid, when transporting fibers, pieces of paper, wood chips, machine tool chips, etc. When supplying (pneumatic transport), when transporting dust collected by air, when transporting dry fluid by air, when transporting wood chips, tobacco leaves, etc. by air, food, grains, chemical products, etc. It can be used when pneumatically transporting high-temperature powders such as ash, cinder, and carbon when pneumatically transporting soda ash, cement, ready-mixed concrete, alumina, and the like.

  In particular, in sandblasting, not only sand but also grids or steel balls can be pneumatically transported. In this respect, the steel ball has a diameter of 1 to 2 mm and a specific gravity of 7.85, and according to the conventional method, the air flow rate needs to be 60 m / s or more. Further, the transport distance was about 20 to 30 m. On the other hand, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to transport 200 m or more.

  In addition, for example, in drilling holes in the ground, it is necessary to suck up the cut earth and sand while cutting the ground. However, the cut earth and sand are wet and easily agglomerated and have high resistance. Therefore, according to the conventional pneumatic transportation method, suction of 4 to 5 m (pneumatic transportation) was the limit. And when it was necessary to suck more than that, it was picked up by clamshell regardless of pneumatic transportation. However, according to the method of the present invention, suction of 50 m or more is possible.

2 transport path 2a bottom 4 case body 5 spout 6 suction means 7 collection means 7a filter 7b silo 7c cutting means 8 compressor 8a air piping 9 control panel 9a control line A, A1 to An pulse air (spout)
E, E1 to En Ejector C Fluid G Exhaust gas P, P1 to Pn Valve X Pneumatic transport device

Claims (6)

A fluid transport path;
The fluid supply means provided upstream of the transport path;
A suction means for the fluid provided in the downstream portion of the transport path;
Ejectors provided at predetermined intervals along the transportation path;
Have
The ejector has an annular jet port facing the inside of the transport path, and jets pulse air from the jet port.
A pneumatic transportation device for fluid. The area of the jet port is 4 to 15% of the cross-sectional area of the transport path.
The fluid pneumatic transport device according to claim 1. The predetermined interval is 3 to 20 m.
The fluid pneumatic transport device according to claim 1. Using a pneumatic transportation apparatus having a fluid transportation path and suction means, and an ejector provided at predetermined intervals in the middle of the transportation path, the ejector having an annular jet port facing the inside of the transportation path And
Pulse air is ejected in order from the ejection port of the ejector on the side close to the suction means.
A pneumatic transportation method for fluid. After ejecting pulsed air from the ejector outlet of one ejector, it takes 1 to 4 seconds to eject pulsed air from the ejector outlet of the next ejector.
The method of pneumatic transportation of fluid according to claim 4. When pulse air is ejected from the ejection port of a predetermined ejector, or when pulse air is ejected from the ejection port of the ejector farthest from the suction means, pulse air is ejected from the ejection port of the ejector closer to the suction means.
The fluid pneumatic transport method according to claim 4 or 5.

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