JP2018057315A - Water storage capacity adjustment device and water level adjustment plate in paddy field - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water level adjustment device which is installed at an exhaust port of a paddy field to adjust water level.SOLUTION: Guide grooves 6, 6 extending vertically are provided on inner side surfaces of both side plate portions 3, 3 of a drainage box, a lower plate 8 and a water level adjustment plate 9 are attached to the guide grooves, the lower end of the lower plate contacts a bottom plate portion 2 of the drainage box, the water level adjustment plate is fixed to a predetermined height from the bottom plate part, and the water level adjustment plate in which a triangular opening 15 is formed is provided with a closing plate which can close the opening as necessary.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for adjusting the amount of water stored in a paddy field so that a certain amount of rainwater can be stored in the paddy field during heavy rain to prevent flood damage.

  In recent years, due to the effects of global warming, guerrilla-like torrential rains have increased, and flood damage due to rain that falls intensively in this short time has occurred frequently. For a long time, dam construction, river improvement, adjustment pond installation, etc. have been carried out as countermeasures against floods, but these conventional countermeasures are expensive and time consuming and are difficult to respond quickly.

  As a countermeasure against such heavy rain, a “paddy dam” using paddy fields has been proposed. The area of the paddy field is very large, and it is possible to suppress the outflow to the river and prevent the river from overflowing by temporarily storing the rainwater that falls in this wide paddy field. That is, by temporarily storing rainwater in a paddy field during heavy rain, the amount of rainwater flowing into the river can be suppressed, and flooding damage to residential areas and arable land in the downstream area can be mitigated.

  Of course, in the paddy field, a drainage basin is installed at a position that becomes a drain outlet, and a wooden water level adjustment plate is mainly attached to the drainage basin, and the amount of drainage is adjusted by changing the height of the water level adjustment plate. . The rain that falls falls over the water level adjustment plate and flows from the drain pipe to the drainage channel, keeping the water level of the paddy field constant. Since the rain that falls immediately flows into the drainage channel, in the case of heavy rain, the rain falls from the drainage channel to the river in a short time, resulting in flooding.

Thus, various techniques are known in which rainwater that has fallen during torrential rains is temporarily stored in paddy fields to prevent flooding of drains and rivers.
For example, the “paddy water storage amount adjustment device” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-120510 suppresses the inflow of rainwater into a river by automatically storing a certain amount of water by using the “paddy dam” function in a paddy field during heavy rain. To do.
That is, a retaining plate insertion door is provided at a position opposite to the pair of side walls, and a water storage amount adjustment plate insertion door is provided at a substantially intermediate position between the retaining plate insertion door and the vertical wall. Insert a retaining plate of approximately the same height vertically, and insert a farming water level adjustment plate whose height is the farming water level when placed on the retaining plate vertically. Is formed at a height almost equal to the reservoir water level, which is an arbitrary height according to the growth state of rice, and a water storage amount adjustment plate with a drainage amount adjustment hole drilled in the lower part is inserted vertically, and In the case of heavy rain, the rainwater is drained to the drainage channel to maintain the farming water level of the paddy field. Can be saved.

The “paddy water level setting device” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-22324 is capable of temporarily storing rainwater into a dam by storing rainwater, suppressing rainwater flowing into the river, and suppressing rapid water level rise in the downstream area. Device.
That is, the main body cylinder part is connected to the attachment pipe connected to the paddy field drainage part, and the main body cylinder part is movable up and down with respect to the attachment pipe, or the main body cylinder part has a movable pipe that is movable up and down with respect to the attachment pipe. A limit drain port at the upper part of the main body cylinder, and a peripheral drain port smaller than the limit drain port on the peripheral surface below the limit drain port, and this peripheral drain port or limit drain port As the upper drainage port, draining rainwater from the peripheral drainage port to maintain the water level, and if the amount of rainwater increase exceeds the drainage from the peripheral drainage port, the water level rises and the critical drainage port It is configured so that the amount of water increased until it reaches the water section is stored in the paddy field.

  The “paddy water storage device” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-100653 can adjust the water level and automatically stop the drainage port by rainwater during heavy rain, thereby preventing flood damage at the downstream position. In other words, it is installed at the drainage outlet of a paddy field, and includes a water blocking body that dams the paddy field drainage outlet, a drainage pipe body that connects the waterstop body from the paddy field side to the drainage channel side, and a rainwater receiving container. The mouth rises to a predetermined height by the weight of rainwater collected in the rainwater receiving container.

  In addition to these, various conventional techniques for adjusting the water level of the paddy field are known, but there is a problem that the structure becomes relatively complicated and the installation cost increases. In addition, in order to adjust the water level of paddy fields, wooden boards are cut at various heights and adjusted in combination, which causes corrosion and adjustment.

The applicant has filed a patent application dated June 24, 2014 regarding “a storage amount adjusting device and a water level adjusting plate for paddy fields” that can solve the conventional problems (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-7158).
This “paddy water storage amount adjustment device and water level adjustment plate” is a water level adjustment device that is installed at the drain outlet of a paddy field and adjusts the water level, and extends vertically on the inner side surfaces of both side plates of the drainage basin. A guide groove is provided, and a lower plate and a water level adjustment plate are attached to the guide groove. The lower end of the lower plate is in contact with the bottom plate portion of the drainage basin, the water level adjustment plate is fixed at a predetermined height from the bottom plate portion, and the water level is adjusted. A triangular opening is formed in the plate.

  When it rains without exceeding the water level adjusting plate, it flows out from the opening provided in the water level adjusting plate. Since the amount of water flowing out from this opening is limited and the drainage to the drainage channel is suppressed, the flooding of the drainage channel is mitigated and the flooding of the river is suppressed. And the opening provided in the water level adjusting plate has a roughly triangular or crescent shape, and the lower area is large but the upper area is small, so the water level rises due to heavy rain and flows out of the opening. The amount of water is suppressed and the effect of suppressing flooding of drains and rivers is high.

"Water storage amount adjusting device for paddy field" according to JP2012-120510A "Water level setting device for paddy field" according to JP 2010-22324 "Paddy storage device" according to JP2009-100653 “Reservoir amount adjusting device and water level adjusting plate of paddy field” according to JP-A-2006-7158

As described above, various techniques are known for preventing the flooding of rivers by temporarily storing rainwater that has fallen during torrential rain in a paddy field.
The “paddy water storage amount adjusting device and water level adjusting plate” according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-7158 has a simple structure, and the amount of water flowing out from the opening formed in the water level adjusting plate is suppressed. The effect of efficiently suppressing river flooding is high.

By the way, when reaching the opening formed in the water level adjusting plate, the water in the paddy field flows out, but the paddy field can be filled up to the water level that does not reach the opening.
However, because paddy fields are not completely flat surfaces but rather uneven surfaces (undulated surfaces), convex portions scattered in some places appear from the water surface. Even if the convex part protrudes from the water surface, there is no problem in flood control. Various weeds grow on the paddy field, and it is usual to spray a herbicide so that this weed does not grow, and if there is a convex part protruding from the water surface when the herbicide is sprayed, weed grows from this part.
Therefore, it is necessary to make the entire surface of the paddy field below the water surface without projecting the convex portion from the water surface when spraying the herbicide.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is this problem, and the paddy field can be made to function as a rice field dam by improving the “paddy water storage amount adjusting device and water level adjusting plate” according to the above-mentioned JP-A-2006-7158. In addition to suppressing flooding in rivers, the present invention provides a storage amount adjustment device and a water level adjustment plate for paddy fields in which the effect of the herbicide is uniformly applied to the whole paddy field when sprayed.

  The water storage amount adjusting device for a paddy field according to the present invention is installed at a drain outlet of the paddy field, and a lower plate and a water level adjusting plate are fitted into a drainage basin as a main body. The drainage basin has a bottom plate portion, both side plate portions, and a back plate portion, and has a shape in which the front side and the upper side are open. A drainage hole is formed in the back plate portion, and a drainage pipe connected to the drainage channel is connected to the drainage hole. The water level adjustment plate can be slid up and down to adjust its height, and can be fixed at a predetermined position by inserting a stop pin or the like.

  A guide groove is provided in the both side plate portions, and the lower plate and the water level adjusting plate are fitted in the guide groove in a state of being in contact with each other. The lower plate is attached in contact with the bottom plate portion, while the water level adjusting plate is fixed at a predetermined height from the bottom plate portion, and the water level adjusting plate has an opening having a substantially triangular shape. And the obstruction board which can block | close an opening as needed is attached to this water level adjustment board.

  However, the specific shape of the opening is not limited, and the opening is not limited to a generally triangular shape, and may be a substantially crescent shaped opening having a round shape. In other words, the opening of the present invention may have any shape that shortens the length of the upper horizontal section. And the lower board arrange | positioned under the water level adjustment board is not restricted to one sheet, and may be configured by combining a plurality of sheets in the vertical direction.

  In the present invention, the lower plate and the water level adjusting plate are fitted to the drainage basin, the water level adjusting plate can be slid in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the water level adjusting plate can be fixed to a predetermined height. That is, the maximum water surface height of the water storage capacity of the paddy field can be set by the water level adjustment plate, and if it exceeds this water level due to heavy rain, it can flow out of the drain hole through the water level adjustment plate.

  On the other hand, in heavy rain that does not exceed the water level adjustment plate, the water flows out from the opening provided in the water level adjustment plate. Since the amount of water flowing out from this opening is limited and the drainage to the drainage channel is suppressed, the flooding of the drainage channel is mitigated and the flooding of the river is suppressed. And the opening provided in the water level adjusting plate has a roughly triangular or crescent shape, and the lower area is large but the upper area is small, so the water level rises due to heavy rain and flows out of the opening. The amount of water is suppressed and the effect of suppressing flooding of drains and rivers is high.

  On the other hand, a closing plate is attached to the water level adjusting plate so that the opening can be closed as required. For this purpose, when weeding herbicide is applied, the blocking plate closes the opening and fills the water so that the convex parts (swells) scattered in the paddy fields are below the surface of the water. The effect of the agent can be evenly distributed throughout the paddy field to suppress the generation of weeds.

A drainage basin constituting the water level adjusting device of the present invention. The Example which shows a water level adjustment apparatus. Guide rail to be installed in the guide groove of the drainage basin. The Example which shows the water level adjustment board which attached the obstruction board. Another embodiment showing a water level adjusting device. It represents the normal water level, the water level during storage, and the water level during overflow.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a drainage basin 1 constituting a water storage amount adjusting device of a paddy field according to the present invention. The drainage basin 1 is made of a concrete block. In the drawing, 2 represents a bottom plate portion, 3 and 3 represent side plate portions, and 4 represents a back plate portion, and the upper and front sides are open. The inner side surfaces 5 and 5 of the side plate portions 3 and 3 are provided with elongate guide grooves 6 and 6 having a constant width in the vertical direction from the upper end to the bottom plate portion 2. The back plate portion 4 has a drain hole 7, and a drain pipe (not shown) connected to the drain channel is connected to the drain hole 7.

By the way, this drainage basin 1 is installed in the drainage outlet of a paddy field, and can adjust the water level accumulated in the paddy field. For this purpose, a lower plate and a water level adjusting plate are fitted and attached to the guide grooves 6 and 6 provided in the side plate portions 3 and 3 of the drainage tub 1. The lower plate is attached to the bottom plate portion 2 so that the lower end of the lower plate is in contact with the gap, and the water level adjusting plate can be attached to a predetermined height to adjust the water level of the paddy field.
Of course, the lower plate is lifted slightly to create a gap between the bottom plate portion 2 and water can be allowed to flow from this gap when water is not needed in the paddy field. In the present invention, the lower plate and the water level adjusting plate By using both, the water level of the paddy field can be adjusted.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a lower plate 8 and a water level adjusting plate 9 are attached to the drainage basin 1. Here, the guide rails 10 and 10 are fitted into the guide grooves 6 and 6 provided in the side plate portions 3 and 3, and the lower plate 8 and the water level adjusting plate 9 are inserted into the two grooves formed in the guide rails 10 and 10. The both ends of the are fitted. The lower plate 8 is in contact with the lower end thereof so that there is no gap between the bottom plate portion 2 and the lower plate 8. The water level adjusting plate 9 is disposed at a predetermined height, and the lower end portion of the water level adjusting plate 9 and the upper end portion of the lower plate 8 overlap each other.
And the guide parts 20 and 20 which the obstruction board mentioned later fits in the front both sides of the said water level adjustment board 9 are provided.

  FIG. 3 shows a specific example of the guide rail 10, which has a shape in which side pieces 12, 12 are erected on both sides of the bottom piece 11, and a partition piece 13 is erected between the side pieces 12, 12. doing. Accordingly, the guide rail 10 is provided with two grooves 14 and 14 with the partition piece 13 therebetween.

  Without directly fitting the lower plate 8 and the water level adjusting plate 9 into the guide grooves 6 and 6 formed in the side plate portions 3 and 3 of the drainage basin 1, the lower plate 8 is interposed via the guide rails 10 and 10 shown in FIG. And a water level adjusting plate 9 are attached. The lower plate 8 and the water level adjusting plate 9 are fitted in the respective grooves 14 and 14 formed in the guide rail 10, and a partition piece 13 is interposed therebetween. Therefore, a slight gap corresponding to the partition piece 13 is formed in a portion where the lower plate 8 and the water level adjusting plate 9 overlap each other.

  By the way, a triangular opening 15 is formed in the water level adjusting plate 9. If the water level of the paddy field rises due to heavy rain, the rainwater collected in the paddy field flows out from the triangular opening 15, flows out from the drain hole 7 provided in the back plate portion 4 to the drain pipe, and flows into the drainage channel. If the water level rises and reaches the lower side 16 of the triangular opening 15 and exceeds the lower side 16, rainwater flows out of the opening 15.

Since the opening 15 is triangular, the area on the lower side 16 side is large and more water can flow out as the water level rises, but the area decreases as the distance from the lower side 16 increases.
For example, if the opening is a quadrangle, the distance from the lower side is proportional to the area. Therefore, if the water level rises, the amount of outflow water from the opening increases proportionally.
However, if the triangular opening 15 is used as in the present invention, the amount of water flowing out of the opening 15 does not increase proportionally even if the water level rises, and therefore, the outflow of water during heavy rain is suppressed. Can be stored in the paddy field, preventing flooding of the drainage channel.

Here, the shape of the opening 15 does not have to be an isosceles triangle as shown in the figure, and may be any shape that decreases in area as it moves upward from the lower side. For example, it is possible to form an opening with a roughly crescent shape.
Thus, in the water level adjusting device of the present invention, the shape of the opening 15 formed in the water level adjusting plate 9 is a triangle or a crescent moon, so that rainwater that falls during heavy rain can be stored in a paddy field without immediately flowing into the drainage channel. I can do it.

  FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the closing plate 21 is attached to the water level adjusting plate 9. By attaching the closing plate 21, the triangular opening 15 formed in the water level adjusting plate 9 can be closed. Guide portions 20 and 20 are provided on both front sides of the water level adjusting plate 9, and both end portions of the closing plate 21 are fitted and attached to the guide portions 20 and 20.

  On both sides of the blocking plate 21, elongated holes 22, 22 are provided so as to pass therethrough, and a finger is put on both the elongated holes 22, 22, and the blocking plate 21 is slid vertically along the guide portions 20, 20. Can be removed from the water level adjustment plate 9. A support member 23 is attached to the guide portion 20 so that the stopper 24 protruding from the upper end of the closing plate 21 is supported by the upper end of the support member 23 so that it does not fall off from the guide portions 20 and 20 and fall. ing.

  Here, the closing plate 21 is attached to the front side of the water level adjusting plate 9, so that the water pressure filled in the paddy field acts on the front surface of the closing plate 21 and is supported by the water level adjusting plate 9. In the absence of the blocking plate 21, if the water level rises and reaches the opening 15, the water level does not rise unless water flows out from the opening 15 and heavy rain occurs.

Of course, if the water level adjusting plate 9 is raised along the guide grooves 6 and 6 of the drainage basin 1, the level of the water supplied from the water channel to the paddy field can be raised to some extent by increasing the position of the opening 15. However, the closing plate 21 is attached to the water level adjusting plate 9 of the present invention, and the opening 15 can be closed by the closing plate 21.
Therefore, when there are uneven parts that undulate on the surface of the paddy field, the convex part can be sunk by the rise of the water level due to the water supplied from the water channel, and the convex part should not protrude from the water surface. Is possible.

  Various weeds grow in paddy fields, but weeding is sometimes done by hand when these weeds have grown to some extent. However, it is very hard work to remove the weeds that grow on large paddy fields. Therefore, weeds are generally sprayed in advance so that weeds do not grow. The herbicide dissolves in water and penetrates the surface of the paddy field, but when there are convex portions protruding from the surface of the water, weeds grow in these portions without the herbicide spreading over the convex portions.

  The water level adjusting plate 9 of the present invention is mainly intended to suppress flooding of the drainage channel, but by attaching a blocking plate 21 that closes the opening 15 formed in the water level adjusting plate, water is supplied from the water channel to As the water level rises, the sprayed herbicide can spread throughout the paddy field.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the water level adjusting device for paddy fields according to the present invention. The basic structure is the same as the water level adjusting device of the paddy field shown in FIG. 2, and the lower plate 8 and the water level adjusting plate 9 are attached by fitting into the guide grooves 6 and 6 formed on the two side plate portions 3 and 3 of the drainage tub 1. ing.
Although the guide rail as in the above embodiment is not used, both side end portions of the lower plate 8 are curved in a U shape, and the curved side end portions 17 and 17 are fitted in the guide grooves 6 and 6. . The water level adjusting plate 9 is fitted in the curved U-shaped grooves 18 and 18 so as to move up and down.
Here, a closing plate 21 capable of closing the opening 15 is attached to the front surface (paddy field side) of the water level adjusting plate 9. The form of the water level adjusting plate 9 to which the closing plate 21 is attached is the same as that shown in FIG.

  The height of the water level adjusting plate 9 can be freely changed by sliding along a groove 18 formed in a U-shaped curve. In this case, in order to connect the lower plate 8 and the water level adjusting plate 9 A pin can be inserted into a hole penetrating a predetermined position. During normal times or when it is time for rice harvesting to close and water does not accumulate in the paddy field, the lower plate 8 is lifted up slightly to form a gap between the bottom plate portion 2. Just place stones so that they are not washed away.

On the other hand, it can flow over the opening 15 of the water level adjustment plate 9 and further over the upper end 19 due to heavy rain. Although the height of the water level adjusting plate 9 can be freely determined, it is set so as not to adversely affect the rice planted in the paddy field.
FIG. 6 shows the normal water level, the water level during storage, and the water level during overflow, and the water level of the paddy field can be adjusted using the water level adjusting device of the present invention. Further, the closing plate 21 can be attached to the opening 15 formed in the water level adjusting plate 9 to close the opening 15.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drainage tank 2 Bottom plate part 3 Side plate part 4 Back plate part 5 Inner side surface 6 Guide groove 7 Drainage hole 8 Lower plate 9 Water level adjustment plate
10 Guide rail
11 Bottom piece
12 side pieces
13 Partition
14 groove
15 opening
16 Bottom
17 Side edge
18 groove
19 Top
20 Guide section
21 Blocking plate
22 Slotted hole
23 Support member
24 Stopper

Claims (6)

In a water level adjustment device for adjusting the water level by installing it at the drain outlet of a paddy field, the drainage basin having a bottom plate part, both side plate parts, and a back plate part provided with drain holes and having an opening on the front side and above is shown above. There is a guide groove that extends in the vertical direction on the inner surface of the two side plate portions of the drainage basin, and has a lower plate and a water level adjustment plate attached to the guide groove. The water level adjustment plate is usually in contact with the bottom plate part of the ridge, the water level adjustment plate is fixed at a predetermined height from the bottom plate part, and the water level adjustment plate has an opening that is approximately triangular or approximately crescent shaped and the cross section length decreases toward the upper side. A water level adjusting device for paddy fields, characterized in that the opening is provided with a closing plate capable of closing the opening. The water level adjusting device for paddy fields according to claim 1, wherein the lower plate is configured by combining two or three in the vertical direction. The water level adjusting device for paddy fields according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a guide rail is fitted in the guide groove, and the lower plate and the water level adjusting plate are fitted in a groove partitioned by a partition piece provided on the guide rail. The paddy field according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both end portions of the lower plate are curved in a U-shape, the curved portion is fitted in a guide groove, and a water level adjusting plate is fitted in the U-shaped curved groove. Water level adjustment device. In the water level adjusting plate of the water level adjusting device for adjusting the water level installed at the drain outlet of the paddy field, the water level adjusting plate is attached to the drainage basin above the lower plate, and water can flow through the water level adjusting plate. A water level adjusting plate for paddy fields, characterized in that an opening having an approximately triangular or approximately crescent shape and having an area that becomes smaller toward the upper side is formed and a closing plate that can close the opening is detachable. 6. The water level adjusting plate for paddy fields according to claim 5, wherein guide portions are provided on both front sides of the water level adjusting plate so as to fit both ends of the closing plate.

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