JP2018055001A - Overhead cable - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an overhead cable that prevents ice and snow from attached thereon.SOLUTION: An overhead cable 10 has a core wire 16, and an outer cover 18 that coats the core wire. The outer cover has a fluorine-based surfactant. The outer cover is made up of a material having a water contact angle at 20°C of 30 degrees or less and an ice block adhesion at 0°C of 10 N/mm or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an aerial cable, and more particularly, to an aerial cable in which adhesion of ice and snow is suppressed.

  Since overhead cables are laid aerial outdoors, ice and snow are likely to adhere during snowfall in winter. In addition, ice and snow attach to the overhead cable due to its weight and twist and rotate. The ice and snow adhere to the twisted and rotated overhead cable, and the ice and snow are formed into a cylindrical shape so as to cover the entire outer periphery of the aerial cable. So-called tube snow is likely to occur.

  Cylindrical snow increases the weight of the aerial cable, causing disconnection of the aerial cable, deterioration of transmission characteristics, breakage of a retaining metal used for fixing the aerial cable, and the like. In particular, tube snow is likely to occur at night when the temperature drops, and may continue to grow until the day when the temperature rises. In such a case, the weight of the aerial cable tends to increase, the disconnection of the aerial cable, and the transmission characteristics Decrease, and the breakage of the retaining metal used to fix the overhead cable is likely to occur.

  As a method for suppressing the attachment of ice and snow, a method using a snow melting member that melts ice and snow by its own heat generation is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, the snow melting member is not necessarily excellent in productivity because it is manufactured separately from the overhead cable. Further, since the snow melting member is provided so as to surround the overhead cable, there is a possibility that a thermal influence may occur on the overhead cable.

  Further, as a method for suppressing the adhesion of snow and snow, a method using a water repellent material is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). The water-repellent material can suppress the adhesion of ice and snow by mixing it with the outer sheath of the aerial cable or by applying it to the surface of the aerial cable. However, the effect of suppressing the adhesion of ice and snow is not always sufficient, and further improvement of the effect is required.

  Furthermore, a method using a hydrophilic material is known as a method for suppressing the adhesion of ice and snow. Titanium oxide is used as the hydrophilic material (see, for example, Patent Document 3). However, when titanium oxide is mixed in the jacket of the aerial cable or titanium oxide is applied to the surface of the jacket, the jacket of the aerial cable may be damaged due to the photocatalytic effect of titanium oxide.

  Further, as a method for suppressing the generation and growth of snowplows, there is a method for increasing the diameter of the overhead cable. When the diameter of the aerial cable is increased, the occurrence of twisting and rotation is suppressed, so that the generation and growth of snowplows are suppressed.

  However, when the diameter of the aerial cable increases, the laying member that has been used for laying the aerial cable so far cannot be used, and the laying member must be replaced. Examples of the laying member include a retaining metal fitting for fixing an aerial cable and a wiring cleat.

JP 2004-23983 A JP 2000-222912 A JP 2000-268637 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide an aerial cable in which adhesion of ice and snow is suppressed.

  The aerial cable of the embodiment includes a core wire and a jacket that covers the core wire. The material of the jacket includes a fluorosurfactant. Further, the material of the jacket has a water contact angle at 20 ° C. of 30 ° or less and an ice block adhesion at 0 ° C. of 10 N / mm or less.

  In the aerial cable of the present invention, the jacket material includes a fluorosurfactant, and the water contact angle at 20 ° C. of the jacket material is 30 degrees or less and the ice block adhesion at 0 ° C. is 10 N / mm or less. According to the aerial cable of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the attachment of ice and snow by having such a configuration.

It is sectional drawing which shows the optical fiber cable of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the optical fiber cable of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the observation method of the pipe snow in an Example, and the measuring method of laying tension.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the optical fiber cable of the first embodiment.

  The optical fiber cable 10 is a so-called drop cable used for drawing into a general subscriber's house. The optical fiber cable 10 includes a support wire portion 11, a cable portion 12, and a connecting portion 13 that connects them.

  The support wire portion 11 is provided with a jacket 15 on the outer periphery of the support wire 14. The support wire 14 is made of a steel wire, glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), or the like. The material constituting the outer jacket 15 will be described later.

  The cable portion 12 has two optical fiber cores 16 arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and tensile strength members 17 are arranged in parallel with a space in the vertical direction, and a jacket 18 is provided so as to cover them. ing.

  A tearing notch 19 is provided at approximately the center of both sides of the outer sheath 18, that is, at a portion where the optical fiber core wire 16 is located. At the time of cable connection work, the inner optical fiber core wire 16 can be easily taken out by tearing the jacket 18 starting from these tearing notches 19.

  The tensile body 17 includes steel wire, glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), aramid fiber such as poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, polyester fiber such as polyethylene terephthalate fiber, nylon fiber, and polyester-acrylate. It consists of a composite material and the like converged and bound with resin or the like. The material constituting the jacket 18 will be described later.

  The support wire portion 11 and the cable portion 12 are connected by a connecting portion 13. Specifically, the outer cover 15 of the support wire portion 11, the outer cover 18 of the cable portion 12, and the connecting portion 13 are integrally formed from the same material, so that the support wire portion 11, the cable portion 12, and The connecting part 13 is connected. The outer jacket 15, the outer jacket 18, and the connecting portion 13 preferably contain a resin and a fluorosurfactant.

  As the resin, a thermoplastic resin is preferable, and a resin obtained by polymerizing olefins is particularly preferable. Examples of such a polyethylene include low density polyethylene (LDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). Ethylene / α-olefin copolymer obtained by copolymerizing ethylene with α-olefin such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, Ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene / methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), ethylene / ethyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polypropylene (PP), polyisobutylene, etc. Is mentioned. These may use only 1 type and may mix and use 2 or more types.

  The fluorosurfactant is not particularly limited as long as a predetermined water contact angle and ice block adhesion can be obtained, but preferably contains a perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct. According to the perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct, a predetermined water contact angle and ice block adhesion can be easily obtained, and adhesion of ice and snow can be easily suppressed.

  In addition, the perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct has a high affinity with air due to the low surface tension of the perfluoroalkyl group, and thus easily moves to the surface side. Thereby, it is excellent in the effect of modifying the surface to be hydrophilic, and even if the hydrophilicity of the surface is lost, it can be made hydrophilic again.

  A commercially available product can be suitably used as the perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct. As such a thing, AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. brand name S-242, S-243, S-420 etc. are mentioned, for example. These may use only 1 type and may mix and use 2 or more types.

  The fluorosurfactant preferably contains 70% by mass or more of a perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and particularly preferably contains only a perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct. As the ratio of the perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct increases, the adhesion of ice and snow is suppressed.

  It is preferable that a fluorine-type surfactant is 0.1 mass part or more with respect to 100 mass parts of resin. If it is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the adhesion of ice and snow to the optical fiber cable 10 is remarkably suppressed. From the viewpoint of suppressing the adhesion of ice and snow, 0.5 parts by mass or more is more preferable, 1.0 part by mass or more is more preferable, and 1.5 parts by mass or more is particularly preferable.

  On the other hand, when the amount of the fluorosurfactant increases, the mechanical strength of the connecting portion 13, the outer cover 15, and the outer cover 18 may be reduced. Moreover, since the fluorosurfactant is relatively expensive, it is preferable to suppress the amount of use. For this reason, 10 mass parts or less are preferable, 7 mass parts or less are more preferable, and 5 mass parts or less are more preferable.

  The connection part 13, the outer jacket 15, and the outer jacket 18 can contain components other than resin and a fluorochemical surfactant. Examples of such components include ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, colorants, fillers, workability improving materials, and the like. A conventionally well-known thing can be used for these and the content can also be suitably changed according to a use.

  The connecting portion 13, the outer cover 15, and the outer cover 18 have a water contact angle at 20 ° C. of 30 ° or less and an ice block adhesion at 0 ° C. of 10 N / mm or less. The water contact angle and ice block adhesion force are determined as follows.

  The water contact angle is measured 30 seconds after dropping 6 μL of pure water from a syringe onto a 1 mm thick sheet made of the same material as the connecting portion 13, the jacket 15, or the jacket 18 at a temperature of 20 ° C. And ask. The water contact angle is calculated by the θ / 2 method.

  The ice lump adhesion strength is determined by first immersing a 20 mm portion on one end side of the optical fiber cable 10 having a length of 200 mm or more in pure water, and then setting these at a temperature of −20 ° C. An ice block is formed on the outer periphery. Thereafter, the optical fiber cable 10 on which the ice block is formed is moved to a thermostatic bath set at 0 ° C. to bring the ice block to 0 ° C. Then, using a tensile tester, the optical fiber cable 10 is pulled out from the ice block at a speed of 50 mm / min to obtain the maximum value of the pulling force. The same operation is performed five times in total, and the average value of the maximum values of these five pulling forces is obtained. Since this average value is per 20 mm, the ice block adhesion force is obtained by conversion per 1 mm length, that is, by 1/20.

  When the water contact angle is 30 degrees or less, the surface becomes hydrophilic and adhesion of ice and snow is suppressed. That is, when the surface is hydrophilic, a large amount of water is retained as a water film between the surface and the snow. Since the viscosity of the water is low, a large amount of water is held between the surface and the ice and snow as a water film, thereby reducing the adhesion and frictional force of the ice and snow. As a result, the movement of the ice / snow on the surface is facilitated, and the ice / snow is likely to fall off early. The water contact angle is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of suppressing the adhesion of ice and snow, but usually 10 degrees is sufficient.

  The effect of making it hydrophilic is remarkable when the temperature is close to the melting point of ice and snow, for example, when the temperature is −5 ° C. or higher, particularly when it is −3 ° C. or higher. That is, when the temperature is close to the melting point of ice and snow, the amount of moisture that does not freeze increases, and more water is retained as a water film between the surface and ice and snow.

  Further, when the temperature is close to the melting point of ice and snow, an advantageous effect can be obtained as compared with water repellency. That is, as already described, when the material is hydrophilic, a large amount of water is retained as a water film between the surface and the ice and snow, so that the movement of the ice and snow becomes easy. On the other hand, since water is repelled when it is water repellent, there is little water held as a water film between the surface and ice and snow, and movement of ice and snow is not always easy.

  In addition, when the ice block adhesion force is 10 N / mm or less, the adhesion force with ice and snow is sufficiently small, so that the attachment of ice and snow is effectively suppressed. The smaller the ice block adhesion strength, the better from the viewpoint of suppressing the adhesion of ice and snow, but usually 1 N / mm is sufficient.

  The water contact angle and ice block adhesion can be adjusted by the content of the fluorosurfactant. Usually, by increasing the content of the fluorosurfactant, the water contact angle and the ice block adhesion can be reduced. As already explained, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin material, the fluorine-based surfactant is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, further preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more, Particularly preferably, by setting it to 1.5 parts by mass or more, the water contact angle can be 30 degrees or less and the ice block adhesion can be 10 N / mm or less.

  Conventionally, titanium oxide is known as a hydrophilic material. However, in the case where the resin of the connecting portion 13, the outer cover 15, and the outer cover 18 is a resin provided with hydrophilicity using titanium oxide, there is a risk of damage due to the photocatalytic effect of titanium oxide. According to the fluorosurfactant imparting hydrophilicity to the resin, there is no risk of damage even if it is used for the resin of the connecting portion 13, the jacket 15, and the jacket 18.

  Moreover, even if the hydrophilicity of the surface is lost by including the fluorinated surfactant in the connecting portion 13, the jacket 15, and the jacket 18, the fluorinated surfactant contained therein is By shifting to the surface side, the surface can be made hydrophilic again. Thereby, adhesion of ice and snow can be suppressed for a long time.

  Furthermore, by including the fluorinated surfactant in the connecting portion 13, the outer cover 15, and the outer cover 18, the productivity is superior to the case where these are coated. For example, in the case where the surface of the connecting portion 13, the outer jacket 15, and the outer jacket 18 is coated with a fluorosurfactant, the fluorosurfactant adhered to these surfaces after being immersed in the fluorosurfactant Need to be dried. On the other hand, when the connecting part 13, the outer jacket 15, and the outer jacket 18 contain a fluorosurfactant, steps such as dipping and drying are unnecessary, and the productivity is excellent.

  In addition, when coating the surface of the connecting portion 13, the jacket 15, and the jacket 18 with a fluorosurfactant, a primer treatment or the like may be necessary, and optimization of the primer treatment is studied. Necessary. On the other hand, such a study becomes unnecessary when the connecting portion 13, the jacket 15, and the jacket 18 contain a fluorinated surfactant.

  The optical fiber cable 10 preferably has a maximum width (longitudinal width in the figure) of 15 mm or less. In the case of 15 mm or less, the laying member used for laying the conventional optical fiber cable can be used as it is. Examples of the laying member include a retainer for fixing the optical fiber cable and a wiring cleat.

  In addition, conventionally, when the maximum width is 15 mm or less, it becomes easy to generate snowpipe, but by using a fluorosurfactant and having a predetermined water contact angle and ice block adhesion, it is possible to suppress the attachment of ice snow. it can.

  The maximum width of the optical fiber cable 10 is more preferably 13 mm or less, and further preferably 10 mm or less. Usually, the maximum width is 1 mm or more.

  The optical fiber cable 10 is not limited to one having a rectangular cross section as shown, and may have a circular cross section although not shown. In the case of one having a circular cross section, the maximum width (diameter) is preferably 15 mm or less, more preferably 13 mm or less, and even more preferably 10 mm or less.

  The optical fiber cable 10 of this embodiment is suitably used for drawing into a general subscriber's house. That is, after being pulled down from the utility pole, the support wire portion 11 is fixed to the eaves outside the house, and is routed through the pipelines and vents of the house.

  The optical fiber cable 10 according to the first embodiment has been described above. In the optical fiber cable 10 according to the first embodiment, the jacket 18 that covers at least the optical fiber core wire 16 includes a fluorine-based surfactant. The water contact angle may be 30 degrees or less and the ice block adhesion may be 10 N / mm or less.

  In addition, from the viewpoint of suppressing the adhesion of ice and snow, all of the surface portions, that is, all of the connecting portion 13, the outer jacket 15, and the outer jacket 18 contain a fluorosurfactant and have a water contact angle of 30 degrees or less. And it is preferable that an ice lump adhesive force is 10 N / mm or less.

Next, the optical fiber cable of the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the optical fiber cable of the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is common in FIG. 1, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the strength members 17 are not necessarily arranged above and below the optical fiber core wire 16, and may be disposed only on either the upper or lower side of the optical fiber core wire 16. In FIG. 2, the strength member 17 is disposed only below the optical fiber core wire 16.

  When one strength member 17 is abolished, the length of the cable portion 12 in the maximum width direction can be reduced by that amount. Thus, when the length of the cable part 12 is reduced, the position of the notch 19 is also changed accordingly. That is, the position of the notch 19 is changed to the position after the change of the optical fiber core wire 16.

  As described above, the aerial cable of the present invention has been described by taking the optical fiber cable of the first embodiment and the optical fiber cable of the second embodiment as examples. However, the aerial cable of the present invention is not limited to the optical fiber cable. Other overhead cables can also be used. As such a thing, what is necessary is just to have a core wire and a jacket covering it, for example, a communication cable such as a telephone cable and a coaxial cable, and a power cable. It can also be applied to cables.

Hereinafter, more specific description will be given with reference to examples.
The present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
As the optical fiber cable, an optical fiber cable 10 as shown in FIG. 1 was produced. In the production of the optical fiber cable 10, the support wire 14, the optical fiber core wire 16, and the strength member 17 are introduced side by side into the extruder, and a coating material is collectively coated on the outer periphery of these by connecting the connecting portion 13 and the outer portion. A jacket 15 and a jacket 18 were formed. The optical fiber cable 10 thus manufactured has a height of about 5 mm and a width of about 2 mm.

  The support wire 14 is a single steel wire having an outer diameter of 1.2 mm, the optical fiber core wire 16 is a single core optical fiber core wire having an outer diameter of 250 μm, and the strength member 17 is a single wire having an outer diameter of 0.4 mm. A steel wire was used.

  As shown in Table 1, the coating material is a fluorosurfactant (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: S-420, perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct with respect to 100 parts by mass of the halogen-free flame retardant polyethylene resin. ) 3 parts by mass.

  Here, the water contact angle of the surface portion of the optical fiber cable was 28 degrees. The water contact angle was determined by preparing a sheet having a thickness of 1 mm using a coating material, dropping 6 μL of pure water from a syringe onto the sheet at a temperature of 20 ° C., and measuring 30 seconds later. The water contact angle is calculated by the θ / 2 method.

  Further, the ice block adhesion force on the surface of the optical fiber cable was 6 N / mm. The ice block adhesion was determined as follows. First, after immersing a 20 mm length portion on one end side of the optical fiber cable 10 having a length of 200 mm or more in pure water, the temperature is set to −20 ° C. and ice blocks are formed on the outer periphery of the immersion portion. Attached. Thereafter, the optical fiber cable 10 to which the ice block adhered was moved to a thermostat set at 0 ° C., and the ice block was brought to 0 ° C. Then, using a tensile tester, the optical fiber cable 10 was pulled out from the ice block at a speed of 50 mm / min to obtain the maximum value of the pulling force. The same operation was performed 5 times in total, and the average of the maximum values of these 5 pulling forces was obtained. Then, the ice block adhesion was determined by conversion per 1 mm length, that is, by 1/20.

(Example 2)
As shown in Table 1, as a coating material, a fluorosurfactant (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: S-420, perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct with respect to 100 parts by mass of a halogen-free flame retardant polyethylene resin ) An optical fiber cable was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6 parts by mass was used. The water contact angle of the surface portion of the optical fiber cable was 29 degrees, and the ice block adhesion was 6 N / mm.

(Example 3)
As shown in Table 1, as a coating material, a fluorosurfactant (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: S-420, perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct with respect to 100 parts by mass of a halogen-free flame retardant polyethylene resin ) An optical fiber cable was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that one part by mass was used. The water contact angle of the surface portion of the optical fiber cable was 30 degrees, and the ice block adhesion was 8 N / mm.

(Comparative Example 1)
As shown in Table 1, as a coating material, a silicone-based water repellent (trade name: DOW CORNING TORAY BY 27-202 H, manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd.) with respect to 100 parts by mass of a halogen-free flame retardant polyethylene resin. An optical fiber cable was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6 parts by mass was used. The water contact angle of the surface portion of the optical fiber cable was 112 degrees, and the ice block adhesion was 10 N / mm.

(Comparative Example 2)
As shown in Table 1, an optical fiber cable was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only a non-halogen flame-retardant polyethylene resin was used as the coating material. The water contact angle of the surface portion of the optical fiber cable was 100 degrees, and the ice block adhesion was 14 N / mm.

  Next, with respect to the optical fiber cables of Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the evaluation of the snowplow and the laying tension was performed as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the two utility poles 31 and the utility poles 32 were installed with an interval of about 30 m, and an optical fiber cable 35 was laid between them using a drawing part 33 and a drawing part 34. A load cell 36 for measuring the laying tension was disposed in the middle of the optical fiber cable 35. In addition, a camera 37 for observation is disposed on the top of the utility pole 31.

  The tube snow was evaluated by observing the state of tube snow in the optical fiber cable 35 with the camera 37 from night to daytime during snowfall. In the table, “◯” indicates that no snow with a diameter exceeding 5 times the height of the optical fiber cable 35 occurred in any part during the observation period, and “×” indicates that during the observation period, It is shown that a pipe snow having a diameter exceeding 5 times the height of the optical fiber cable 35 has occurred in any part.

  Regarding the laying tension, the laying tension of the optical fiber cable 35 was measured by the load cell 36. In the table, the laying tension is the maximum value during the measurement period. In addition, the effect which suppresses adhesion of ice and snow is so high that laying tension | tensile_strength is small.

  As apparent from Table 1, the optical fiber cables of Examples 1, 2, and 3 contain a fluorine-based surfactant, so that the water contact angle is 30 degrees or less and the ice block adhesion is 10 N / mm or less. It has become. In addition, when the water contact angle is 30 degrees or less and the ice block adhesion force is 10 N / mm or less, the attachment of ice and snow is suppressed, and the formation and growth of snowpipe is suppressed.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Optical fiber cable, 11 ... Support line part, 12 ... Cable part, 13 ... Connection part, 14 ... Support line, 15 ... Outer sheath, 16 ... Optical fiber core wire, 17 ... Strength member, 18 ... Outer sheath, 19 …notch.

Claims (5)

An aerial cable having a core wire and a jacket covering the core wire,
An aerial cable characterized in that the material of the jacket includes a fluorosurfactant, has a water contact angle at 20 ° C. of 30 ° or less and an ice block adhesion at 0 ° C. of 10 N / mm or less.   The overhead cable according to claim 1, wherein the fluorosurfactant contains a perfluoroalkylethylene oxide adduct.   The aerial cable according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the maximum width of the aerial cable is 15 mm or less.   The aerial cable according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aerial cable is an optical fiber cable.   The aerial cable according to claim 4, wherein the optical fiber cable includes an optical fiber core, a tensile body arranged in parallel with the optical fiber core, and a jacket that collectively covers them. cable.

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