JP2018053638A - Water quality management system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of automating water discard work to lower a human cost, and to provide a relationship between an amount of water discard and an effect of water quality for a consumer to users.SOLUTION: The water quality control method is used in a water distribution pipe network that supplies water to consumers and comprises a water supply source, a chlorine injection facility for injecting chlorine into water at the water supply source, a main pipe for distributing water from the water supply source, an end of a pipe network connected to the main pipe, and a water quality meter and a drainage facility connected to the end of the pipe network, by utilizing a water quality control apparatus which is an information processing device capable of communicating with the water quality meter and the drainage facility. The water quality control apparatus is capable of accessing a database for simulating a residual chlorine concentration distribution of the water distribution pipe network. A water discard plan satisfying the prescribed conditions for the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network and satisfying the prescribed conditions for water discard amount is extracted as an optimum water discard plan from multiple water discharge plans applied to each of chlorine injection plans by applying the multiple water discard plans to each chlorine injection plans and calculating the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network based on the database.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention is a technique relating to water quality management in a water distribution system. The present invention particularly relates to a tap water quality management system, and more particularly to a water quality prediction and management method for the entire pipeline.

  In a water distribution pipe network that distributes water, water may stay for a long time in the vicinity of a valve of the blocked pipe network or at the end of the pipe network. Water that has been retained for a long period of time may change its water quality, such as a decrease in residual chlorine concentration.

  The prior art of the system relating to the maintenance of water quality and the drainage work can be found in, for example, Patent Document 1. In this specification, the entire pipeline relating to water distribution is referred to as a “water distribution pipe network”. In addition, in the water distribution pipe network, the pipe network having a loop structure and constantly flowing water is called “main pipe”, and the pipe structure in which the loop structure is weak or not and water is retained is called “the pipe network end”. The part of the main that is as far as possible from the water reservoir (or distribution facility or water treatment plant) is called the “main end”.

JP 2012-237156 A

  In the technique of Patent Document 1, water quality detection means having a residual chlorine meter, a water temperature meter, and a conductivity meter detects information on the water quality in the water pipeline, and the water pipeline is grasped based on the detected information. According to the water quality change in the inside, by controlling the electric valve of the drainage means to increase or decrease the amount of drainage, the water in the water pipeline with the changed water quality is discharged and the water quality in the water pipeline is improved. In addition, the water pressure gauge detects information related to the water pressure in the water pipe, and reduces the amount of drainage by controlling the motorized valve of the drainage means according to the drop in the water pressure in the water pipe determined based on the detected information. This will reduce the water pressure drop in the water pipe.

  In the technique of Patent Document 1, the chlorine concentration in the other part of the water distribution pipe network, for example, the main pipe, cannot be controlled. Therefore, the control of the waste water depends on the chlorine concentration in the specific part and cannot be controlled flexibly. Furthermore, since the water quality distribution in the end of the pipe network cannot be predicted, it cannot be efficiently drained, and the amount of waste water increases.

  For example, in a city-scale water distribution network, work is carried out by circulating about 1000-10000 points of water drainage at a cycle of about one year by several tens of people. The working time at each location is estimated to be about 1 hour. The amount of water discarded is expected to be about 0.5 to 1.0% of the total water distribution. For this reason, the subject which controls the amount of wastewater more efficiently is important.

  In order to reduce wastewater, the maximum residual chlorine concentration in the water distribution network should be kept high. However, since the residual chlorine concentration affects water quality such as odor of lime, it should be controlled within the range necessary for water quality maintenance. It is desirable.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to automate the water draining operation and reduce the human cost, and to present the relationship between the amount of water drained and the influence of the water quality on the consumer so that the operation method can be selected. is there.

  One aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is a water supply source, a chlorine injection facility for injecting chlorine into water at the water supply source, a main for distributing water from the water supply source, and a connection to the main The water quality management system is applied to a distribution pipe network that supplies water to consumers. The system includes a pipe network drawing information database that stores pipe network drawing information related to the structure of the water distribution pipe network, a drainage operation information database that stores drainage operation information that is a measured value of water quality change due to drainage at the end of the pipe network, It is possible to access a demand history information database for estimating the demand amount. This system includes a pipe network end modeling unit, a water quality distribution plan formulation unit, and a water discharge plan formulation unit. The pipe network end modeling unit generates a pipe network end model that represents a change in water quality with time at the pipe network end based on the drainage operation information. The water quality distribution plan formulation department calculates the residual chlorine concentration distribution in the main pipe based on the pipe network drawing information and the water demand for multiple chlorine injection plans with different chlorine injection amounts from the chlorine injection facility. For each plan, the residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network is calculated based on the pipe network drawing information. The drainage plan formulation department generates a combination of drainage amount and timing at the end of the pipe network as multiple drainage plans, and also applies multiple drainage plans for each of the chlorine injection plans, Based on the residual chlorine concentration at the entrance and the tube network end model, the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the tube network end is calculated. In addition, the wastewater plan formulation department, among the multiple wastewater plans applied for each of the chlorine injection plans, the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network satisfies the specified conditions, and the amount of wastewater is the smallest. The drainage plan is extracted as the optimal drainage plan.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a water supply source, a chlorine injection facility for injecting chlorine into water at the water supply source, a main pipe for distributing water from the water supply source, and a network end connected to the main pipe Water quality management by a water quality management device, which is an information processing device that can communicate with the water quality meter and drainage equipment, in a water distribution pipe network that has a water quality meter and drainage equipment connected to the end of the pipe network and supplies water to consumers Is the method. It is assumed that the water quality management device can access a database for simulating the distribution of residual chlorine concentration in the distribution pipe network. In this method, the distribution of residual chlorine concentration in the distribution pipe network is calculated based on the database for multiple chlorine injection plans with different chlorine injection amounts in the chlorine injection facility, and multiple combinations of the amount of drainage and timing at the end of the pipe network are calculated. Generated as a wastewater plan, applied multiple wastewater plans for each of the chlorine injection plans, calculated the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network based on the database, and applied each of the chlorine injection plans From the plurality of drainage plans, a drainage plan in which the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network satisfies the specified condition and the drainage amount satisfies the specified condition is extracted as the optimum drainage plan.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while draining work can be automated and a human cost can be reduced, the relationship between the amount of discarded water and the influence of the water quality on consumers can be presented to the user, and an operation method can be selected.

The model figure which shows an example of the water pipe network with which an Example is applied. The block diagram explaining the whole structure of the water quality management system of an Example. The table which shows an example of the storage information of a pipe network drawing information database. The table figure which shows an example of the storage information of a demand amount historical information database. The table | surface figure which shows an example of the storage information of a water quality operation history database. The table which shows an example of the storage information of a drainage operation information database. The table which shows an example of the storage information of a pipe network end model database. The flowchart which overlooks the whole process of a system. The conceptual diagram of a pipe network end. The expansion model figure of a pipe network end. The conceptual diagram explaining the calibration method. The table which shows an example of a water quality measurement result. Calibration flow diagram. The detailed flow figure of pipe network end model generation. The whole flow chart of a water quality management device. The detailed flowchart of the process of a water quality distribution plan formulation part. The detailed flowchart of the process of a wastewater plan formulation part. The detailed flowchart of the process of a wastewater simulation. The top view of an example of the operation screen displayed on a calculation result display operation part. The block diagram explaining the whole structure of the water quality management system of another Example. The table which shows an example of a meter-reading database. The conceptual diagram explaining the other calibration method. The graph which shows the concept of a chlorine injection plan. The model figure which shows the whole concept of the process of an Example. The data conceptual diagram of a pipe network end model.

  Embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments below. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the specific configuration can be changed without departing from the spirit or the spirit of the present invention.

  In the structures of the invention described below, the same portions or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals in different drawings, and redundant description may be omitted.

  In the present specification and the like, notations such as “first”, “second”, and “third” are attached to identify the components, and do not necessarily limit the number or order. In addition, a number for identifying a component is used for each context, and a number used in one context does not necessarily indicate the same configuration in another context. Further, it does not preclude that a component identified by a certain number also functions as a component identified by another number.

  The position, size, shape, range, and the like of each component illustrated in the drawings and the like may not represent the actual position, size, shape, range, or the like in order to facilitate understanding of the invention. For this reason, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the position, size, shape, range, and the like disclosed in the drawings and the like.

  In the representative example of the embodiment described in detail below, the balance between the water drainage and the water quality can be adjusted. Therefore, at least two or more water quality meters (installed in the main) and the water distribution of the pipe network equipped with a plurality of automatic drainage facilities are estimated, and the chlorine concentration is managed.

  As an example, in a water pipe that supplies tap water from a water purification plant to a customer, a water quality detection means that detects information on the water quality in a water distribution main that forms a pipe network in the water pipe is provided. In addition, a drainage means for discharging the water in the distribution branch not forming the pipe network is provided, which is provided in the water pipe and includes a water quality means for detecting information on the water quality in the distribution branch not forming the pipe network. In conjunction with these configurations, a water quality management device is provided for controlling the water quality in the water pipe based on the information detected from the water quality detection means and the drainage means. The water quality management device is a communication interface unit that receives external information by remote communication, a water quality operation history information database that holds information detected from the water quality detection means, and past demand information on water pipes input by the user Demand history database that holds water, pipe network drawing information database that holds information on water pipes entered by the user, drainage operation information database that holds control information detected from drainage means, and forms a pipe network Pipe network end model database holding the water quality change model of non-distributed water distribution pipes, pipe network end modeling unit for calculating the water quality change model of water distribution pipes not forming the pipe network, and water quality distribution in the distribution mains forming the pipe network Drainage means to minimize the amount of wastewater using the calculation results of the water quality distribution plan formulation department and the water quality distribution plan development department The calculation plan display unit that calculates the operation plan, the calculation result of the water quality distribution plan formulation unit and the calculation result of the drainage plan formulation unit, and accepts the user's operation, and the external device via remote communication External device control means for controlling.

  The pipe network end modeling section drains all the water in the distribution branch that does not form the pipe network in advance, then stops draining, and detects water quality abnormalities after a specified time or in the water discharge detection means provided in the drainage means. When the water is discharged, the water quality change is measured by measuring the amount of water quality change in the distribution branch that does not form the pipe network after a certain time by measuring the quality of the drained water finely after starting drainage. Configure the model to be calculated.

<1. Water distribution network>
FIG. 1 is a model diagram showing an example of a water pipe network to which the present embodiment is applied. 1 is a water purification plant (water supply source), 2 is a wastewater treatment device, 3 is a water quality meter, 4 is the end of the pipe network, and 5 is the range of the main.

  The water purification plant 1 is a facility for generating and storing water to be distributed and serves as a water supply source. The water purification plant 1 includes a chlorine injection device that introduces chlorine into water. The water discarding device 2 is a mechanism that drains a predetermined amount of water, and therefore includes a mechanism such as a valve. The water quality meter 3 measures the amount and temperature of residual chlorine contained in water. The water quality meter 3 may measure other physical quantities. As described above, the pipe network end 4 is a portion where water is retained, and the pipe network end 4 has a water distribution pipe for water consumers (not shown).

  In the main area 5, water quality meters 3 are installed at a plurality of locations. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of water quality meters 3 having different distances from the water purification plant 1 are arranged.

<2. Water quality management system configuration>
<2-1. Overall configuration>
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the overall configuration of the water quality management system of the present embodiment.

  The water purification plant 1 is a facility that generates drinking water, and includes a chlorine injection device (not shown). The amount and timing of chlorine injection can be operated by the monitoring control terminal 201 or the monitoring control server 202.

  The water quality meter 3 measures the residual chlorine concentration and the water temperature at regular intervals. The measurement data is collected by the water quality management device through the communication line 203 and becomes basic data for information to be registered in various databases described later. Further, the water quality meter 3 sends water quality information to the monitoring control server 202. The water quality handled here is the residual chlorine concentration and the water temperature, but the turbidity and pH value of water can also be acquired and transmitted.

  For example, a device called a drainage valve is used as the water discarding device 2. This is a device for draining water, and the water in the pipe network is discharged to the outside by opening the valve. As described above, it is manually operated in the past, but in this embodiment, it is automatically opened and closed by remote communication from the water quality management device 200 via the communication line 203. At least one drainage device 2 is usually installed at the end 4 of the pipe network, and a water quality meter is arranged correspondingly. The water quality meter disposed in the vicinity of the water discarding device 2 is a water quality meter 204 having a calibration function. This water quality meter can control the operation method by control via the communication line 203.

  The consumer 205 is a facility that uses the water that is distributed, and is, for example, each home, factory, or other facility. It is important to ensure the quality of the water supplied to the consumer 205.

  A water quality management device 200 is connected to the above facilities via a communication line 203. The water quality management device 200 is an information processing device such as a server, and includes an input device, an output device, a processing device, and a storage device. In this embodiment, functions such as calculation and control are realized in cooperation with other hardware by executing a program stored in the storage device by the processing device. A program executed by the information processing apparatus, its function, or means for realizing the function may be referred to as “function”, “means”, “unit”, “unit”, “module”, or the like. A part of a storage device that stores data and programs may be referred to as a “storage unit” or a “database (DB)”.

  The water quality management device 200 includes a pipe network end modeling unit 210, a water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220, a water discharge plan formulation unit 230, and a calculation result display operation unit 240. Moreover, various databases to be described later are provided. Details of these operations will be described later together with the processing flow, but only an outline is shown below.

  The pipe network end modeling unit 210 includes a pipe network end model calculating unit 211 configured by software in this embodiment.

  The water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220 includes a chlorine injection plan calculation unit 221 and a water quality distribution prediction calculation unit 222 which are configured by software in this embodiment. Moreover, the water quality distribution prediction storage part 223 which is a memory | storage device which stores water quality distribution prediction information is provided.

  The drainage plan formulation unit 230 includes a drainage operation simulation unit 231 and a drainage operation optimization unit 232 configured by software in this embodiment. Moreover, the water discharge plan storage part 233 which is a memory | storage device which stores a water discharge plan is provided.

  The calculation result display operation unit 240 includes a water quality operation plan storage unit 241 that is a storage device that stores a water quality operation plan. In addition, an operation method display selection unit 242 that is an interface for the user to receive an operation method and select an operation method is provided.

  The external device control unit 206 is one of input and output devices that control external devices via the communication line 203. The communication interface unit 207 is one of input and output devices that transmit and receive data and the like via the communication line 203. Although not particularly illustrated, the water quality management apparatus 200 includes an input device such as a keyboard and an output device such as an image display device and a printer that are naturally provided in the server. Further, the water quality management device 200 has a built-in storage device such as a magnetic disk device or a semiconductor memory, or can be accessed via the communication line 203 or the like. It is assumed that various databases and programs described later are stored in the magnetic disk device, the semiconductor memory, and the like.

<2-2. Database used by water quality management equipment>
The water quality management apparatus 200 uses a pipe network drawing information database 251, a demand amount history information database 252, a water quality operation history database 253, a drainage operation information database 254, and a pipe network end model database 255. These are built in the water quality management device 200. Alternatively, the database may be outside the water quality management device as long as it can be accessed via a communication line or the like. The contents will be described below.

<2-2-1. Pipe network drawing information database>
FIG. 3 is an example of information stored in the pipe network drawing information database 251. The pipe network drawing information database 251 is a database of the physical configuration and characteristics of the water distribution pipe network.

  For example, the pipe information 2511 represents the attributes of the pipe. The pipe ID, the coordinate information indicating the position of the pipe, the pipe type and material, the pipe diameter, the pipe length, and the residual chlorine concentration in the pipe are reduced. There are a coefficient, a connection node ID, a connection node ID, and the like. The residual salt reduction coefficient is used for pipe network calculation described later.

  Further, the node information 2512 represents the attribute of the node, the node ID, the coordinate of the node, the change pattern of the demand for water through the node, the ID of the connection pipe indicating the pipe connected to the node, the node information There are types.

  The pipe network end information represents the attributes of the pipe network end, and includes an ID of the pipe network end, an ID of a pipe constituting the end of the pipe network, an ID of a node included in the end of the pipe network, and the like.

  In this embodiment, the pipe network drawing information database 251 includes the above three types of information, but it goes without saying that the three types of information may be used as separate databases as long as they are associated with each other. Moreover, since the pipe network end information 2513 is obtained by extracting the pipe network end portion of the water distribution pipe network, the pipe network end information 2513 is included in the pipe information 2511 and the node information 2512 with a flag indicating the end of the pipe network. May be. Piping information and node information are used as information necessary for the operation of existing facilities. In this embodiment, the pipe network drawing information database 251 is prepared with the physical installation of the water distribution pipe network, and the existing values are used.

<2-2-2. Demand history information database>
FIG. 4 is an example of information stored in the demand history information database 252. The demand history information database 252 stores past demand patterns of water.

  In the example of FIG. 4, the demand amount is managed for each node, and the demand amount information 2521 stores the target node ID, the recording date, the demand change history ID, and the like. In the demand amount change history information 2522, it is stored when and how much capacity is used corresponding to the demand change history ID. The recording frequency and the storage method are examples, and are not limited thereto. This information uses values managed by a normal water distribution network, and is provided to the water quality management apparatus 200 via the communication line 203. The demand amount change history information 2522 is used for various pipe network calculations described later.

<2-2-3. Water quality operation history database>
FIG. 5 is an example of information stored in the water quality management history database 253. The water quality operation history database 253 stores water quality data obtained from the water quality meter 3 and the water quality meter 204.

  In the example of FIG. 5, data is managed for each water quality meter, and the water quality operation history information 2531 stores the ID of the target water quality meter, the recording date, the water quality change history ID, and the like. In the water quality change history information 2532, the water quality change history ID corresponding to the water quality change history ID is stored. The recording frequency and the storage method are examples, and are not limited thereto. This information is provided to the water quality management apparatus 200 via the communication line 203 and is used for various pipe network calculations described later.

<2-2-4. Drainage Operation Information Database>
FIG. 6 is an example of information stored in the drainage operation information database 254. In the drainage operation information database 254, information is recorded when drainage is performed by the water discarding device 2. At this time, it is assumed that the drainage device is provided with a valve for drainage and a water quality meter for measuring water quality during drainage.

  In the example of FIG. 6, it is assumed that data is managed for each end of the pipe network. In the drainage operation information 2541, the ID of the target pipe network, the recording date, the recording time, and drainage for calibration (described later) are performed. The flag, drainage water quality information ID, and others are stored. In the drainage water quality distribution information 2542, the total drainage amount and the water quality corresponding to the transition of the drainage amount are stored corresponding to the drainage water quality information ID. The recording frequency and the storage method are examples, and are not limited thereto. This information is used for various pipe network calculations described later. In the case where the end of the pipe network is calibrated in the pipe end modeling unit, which will be described later, the value “True” is set in the attribute of the drainage for calibration to indicate that it is different from normal drainage. This information is provided to the water quality management device 200 via the communication line 203 from the water draining device 2 linked with the water quality meter 204.

<2-2-5. Pipe network end model database>
FIG. 7 is an example of information stored in the pipe network end model database 255. The pipe network end model database 255 is a database for recording the amount of change in the water quality at the pipe network end 4 and records how the water quality has changed after a predetermined time based on the record of the calibration drainage.

  In the example of FIG. 7, data is managed for each pipe network end, and the pipe network end model correspondence information 2551 stores the target pipe network end ID, pipe network end model ID, and the like. The pipe network end model configuration information 2552 stores the amount of change in water quality corresponding to the model application time width, the model applicable time, and the length of the pipe corresponding to the pipe network end model ID. For example, in the example of FIG. 7, the amount of change in water quality after 24 hours in the piping range from the origin to the depth of 50 m with the location of the drainage valve 1003 as the origin 0 is a decrease in chlorine concentration of minus 0.3 mg / L. It shows that there is.

  Each pipe network end has a plurality of models, and different models are used according to conditions. The model application time width indicates how many hours later the model is applied from the initial state of the residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network. For example, if the change in water quality after 24 hours is summarized, “24h” is recorded. The model once created can be applied from any state of the pipe network end 4. Therefore, the initial state can be predicted by using the residual chlorine concentration distribution result of the previous day, if any, and using the water quality at the end and the pipe end model. The model applicable time is information on conditions under which this model can be applied. The condition is, for example, a season or a holiday, such as “apply in spring” or “apply in New Year”. This is because the residual chlorine concentration is affected by water temperature and water consumption. The recording frequency and the storage method are examples, and are not limited thereto.

<2-3. Functional block of water quality management device>
Hereinafter, an outline of each functional block of the water quality management device 200 will be described. Details of the operation of the functional block will be described later using an operation flow of the system.

  As described above, these functional blocks execute a desired function by executing a program stored in the storage device by the processing device. In addition, functions equivalent to the functions realized by the program can be realized by hardware such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Such an embodiment is also included in the scope of the present invention.

  The configuration of the water quality management device 200 may be configured by a single server, or may be configured by another computer in which any part of the input device, output device, processing device, and storage device is connected via a network. May be. The idea of the invention is equivalent and unchanged.

<2-3-1. Pipe network end modeling section>
The pipe network end modeling unit 210 gives a calibration instruction for the pipe network end model to the water discarding device 2 and the water quality meter 204 via the external device control unit 206 and the communication line 203. Information obtained as a result of the calibration is collected via the communication line 203 and the communication interface unit 207. The collected information is stored in the drainage operation information database 254, and the water quality change at the end of the pipe network is modeled based on the pipe end model calculation unit. The model is stored in the pipe network end model database 255.

  Further, as modeling, in addition to newly creating, the existing model may be modified. The correction is performed based on the value when data is added to the drainage operation information database 254. The case where data is added is assumed, for example, when a water quality violation is detected by a water quality meter at the end 4 of the pipe network, and drainage is performed regardless of the water discharge plan.

<2-3-2. Water Quality Distribution Planning Department>
In the water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220, the chlorine injection plan calculation unit 221 generates a chlorine injection method in the water purification plant 1. Under the condition of the chlorine injection method, the water quality distribution prediction calculation unit 222 calculates what happens to the water quality distribution of the main pipe using the information in the pipe network drawing information database 251 and the demand amount history information database 252. The calculation result is stored in the water quality distribution prediction storage unit 223.

  Since the water quality distribution prediction changes depending on the demand amount, it is desirable to predict the demand amount. Therefore, the past history of the demand amount in the demand amount history information database 252 is used. It is also possible to confirm that there is no deviation from the past history of water quality distribution and whether the residual salt reduction coefficient has changed significantly. Since the residual salt reduction coefficient is given by the user, the use of the water quality operation history information database 253 is not essential.

<2-3-3. Wastewater planning department>
Based on the water quality distribution information and various database information, the water discharge plan formulation unit 230 generates a water discharge plan that is operated so as to minimize the water discharge amount. The wastewater operation optimizing unit 232 acquires the residual chlorine concentration at the inlet of the end of the pipe network from the water quality distribution prediction storage unit 223. The draining operation simulation unit 231 performs a draining operation simulation using the acquired residual chlorine concentration and the model based on the pipe network end model database 255 or data of another database, and obtains the chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network. The simulation is a combination of various injection chlorine concentrations set by the chlorine injection plan calculation unit 221 and various water discharge plans generated by the water discharge operation optimization unit 232 and stored in the water discharge plan storage unit 233. It is done in multiple ways depending on conditions. As a result of the simulation, the total amount of waste water in each combination condition can be obtained.

<2-3-4. Calculation result display section>
The calculation result display operation unit 240 stores the processing result of the water discharge plan formulation unit 230 in the water quality operation plan storage unit 241, displays the result in the operation method display selection unit 242, and accepts the user's operation.

<3. System processing overview>
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an overview of the entire processing of the system of this embodiment. The outline will be described with reference to FIG. 8, and details will be described later with reference to the drawings.

  Processing starts in step S801. The start trigger is, for example, device initialization processing or power ON. In the device initialization process, it is checked whether the previous record can be used (previous water quality distribution and pipe end water quality), whether calibration is necessary, and whether there is necessary data.

  The process consists of three parts, mainly the part that receives data and generates or updates various databases (processes S802 to S805), the part that operates the screen and plans the water quality operation method (processes S806 to S809), and the operation plan There exists a part (processes S810 to S812) for moving the external device according to the above.

  In process S802, the water quality management apparatus 200 receives data sent from the communication line 203 via the communication interface unit 207. The data to be received are drainage information and water quality information transmitted from each node, the drainage device 2 and the water quality meters 3 and 204.

  In process S803, the process branches depending on whether the received data is drainage information or water quality information. In process S804, drainage information is received and drainage operation information is recorded. In process S805, the water quality information is received and the water quality operation information is recorded.

  Specifically, in step S804, the drainage operation information database 254 (FIG. 6) is generated or updated based on the drainage operation information from the end of the pipe network. Moreover, in process S405, based on the water quality data from the water quality meter 3,204 and the water discarding apparatus 2, the water quality operation history database 253 (FIG. 5) is generated or updated.

  In addition, the pipe network drawing information database 251 (FIG. 3), which is another database, is prepared at the time of installation of the water distribution pipe network as described above, and is normally unchanged unless the facilities are modified. The demand amount history information database 252 (FIG. 4) records temporal changes in the demand amount via the nodes, and is normally separately stored as data necessary for the operation of the water distribution pipe network. The pipe end model database 255 (FIG. 7) is generated and updated based on the data of the drainage operation information database 254 (FIG. 6) (described later).

  In the part for planning the water quality operation method, the operation screen is activated in process S806, the water quality management device is activated in process S807, and the operation plan generated in process S808 is displayed on the result screen. Thereafter, a necessary operation plan is stored in step S809.

In process S810, it is determined whether or not the operation plan has been generated. In process S811, the generated operation plan is read, and in S812, the drainage device is controlled for the drainage plan according to the operation plan. Further, the chlorine injection device may be controlled. In addition, a plan such as calibration drainage (described later) is also stored as an operation plan and executed here. <4. Calibration>
Hereinafter, calibration at the end of the pipe network will be described. Based on the result of the calibration, a pipe end model for simulating the water quality distribution at the end of the pipe is generated.

  FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of the pipe network end 4. An end where the loop structure is not formed, or a portion where the loop structure is lost because the valve 91 is closed is an object. Moreover, although the loop structure is formed, the place where the loop structure is very weak and water stays and does not move is also targeted. The network end 4 is defined in advance by the administrator in the network network drawing information database 251 (FIG. 3).

  FIG. 10 is an enlarged model view of the pipe network end 4. The pipe network end 4 is a portion branched from the main pipe 1001 constituting the water distribution pipe network. A water quality meter 204 having a calibration function is arranged at the end 4 of the pipe network. Further, the drainage device 2 is disposed at the end of the pipe network. In FIG. 10, the drainage port 1002, the mud valve 1003 connected to the drainage port, and the control device 1004 constitute the drainage device 2. The operation of the water quality meter 204 and the water discarding device 2 can be controlled by the water quality management device 200 via the communication line 203.

  In FIG. 10, the end of the pipe network, the mud valve 1003 and the drain port 1002 are directly connected, but there is no problem even if the pipe network is separately installed as a drain pipe. A communication device 1005 that transmits and receives information can transmit and receive with the water quality management device 200 via the communication line 203. The control device 1004 controls the opening / closing of the mud valve 1003 based on the information transmitted / received. Further, in order to introduce water into the water quality meter 204, a sampling pipe 1006 for measuring water quality data is provided. When the sampling pipe 1006 opening is disposed in the vicinity of the exhaust mud valve 1003, the water quality at the location of the exhaust mud valve 1003 can be measured by the water quality meter 204. The water quality meter 204 is different from the normal water quality meter 2 in that the control method (measurement frequency) can be changed by communication in addition to transmitting water quality data.

  FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a calibration method. At a certain time (for example, 00:00), the mud valve 1003 is opened, and water is discarded from the drain 1002 until the water in the main pipe 1001 fills the end 4 of the pipe network. For this reason, for example, the water quality is measured while discarding water, and the mud valve is stopped when the water quality becomes constant (FIG. 11 (a)).

  After that, it waits for a specified time, for example, 24 hours later (FIG. 11 (b)). Or you may wait until the measured value of the water quality meter 204 falls below a reference value (example 0.1 mg / L). Although the amount of residual chlorine decreases with the passage of time, it does not necessarily decrease uniformly. For example, as shown in FIG. 11B, the amount of residual chlorine depends on, for example, temperature and residence time, Thin parts occur. After the specified time, the mud valve 1003 is opened, and the water quality is measured finely while throwing away the water. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), the residual chlorine concentration is measured by the water quality meter 204 in order from the water closest to the water quality meter 204.

  FIG. 12 is an example of the water quality measurement result. As shown in FIG. 12, the change in water quality is measured according to the amount of drainage. By doing so, in the example of FIG. 11, it becomes possible to grasp the water quality distribution in the distribution branch after 24 hours. The amount discarded at this time is determined by the amount of water in the distribution pipe calculated from the length of the pipe. That is, in FIG. 12, the amount of residual chlorine from 0 to 200 liters of drainage is 0.1 mg / L, so the residual from the position of the mud valve 1003 to the length of the volume divided by the cross-sectional area of the water distribution branch It can be seen that the chlorine content is 0.1 mg / L. A model is calculated based on the distribution thus obtained.

<5. Pipe network end model generation>
<5-1. Calibration flow>
FIG. 13 is a flow chart of calibration, and describes processing at a specific pipe network end. Calibration generates a tube network end model that is a model of water quality change at a specific tube network end. The start trigger is performed when the water quality management device is activated for the first time or by a user instruction. In this flowchart, as described with reference to FIG. 11, all the water at the end of the pipe network is drained once, and the water quality change amount in the end of the pipe network is acquired by measuring the water quality while draining after a specified time. A similar process is assumed to be performed at each pipe network end.

  In process S1301, a drainage plan is drawn up. That is, it is determined at which pipe network end when drainage starts and when drainage ends.

  In process S1302, the process waits until the designated start time is reached.

  In process S1303, total replacement of water at the end of the pipe network is executed. In total replacement of water, as shown in FIG. 11, the transition of the residual chlorine concentration in the waste water is measured by the water quality meter 204.

  In process S1304, the occurrence of an abnormality in the residual chlorine concentration is monitored in the measurement value of the water quality meter 204 until the end time is reached.

  In the process S1305, when the residual chlorine concentration deviates from the specified value (for example, when it falls below 0.1 mg / L), the measurement is terminated at that time, and the process proceeds to the process S1306. If the value does not deviate from the specified value, continue measurement.

  The above processing is executed by the pipe network end modeling unit 210 controlling the external device control unit 206 and controlling the water quality meter 204 and the water discarding device 2 via the communication line 203.

  In process S1306, the data illustrated in FIG. 12 is acquired as the measurement result. For that purpose, the measurement data from the water quality meter 204 and the water discarding device 2 are transmitted to the water quality management device 200 via the communication line 203. Data is received via the communication interface unit 207.

  In process S1307, based on the measurement data, the data is stored in the drainage operation information database 254 shown as an example in FIG. In the case of calibration drainage, the calibration drainage flag of the drainage operation information 2541 becomes “True”, and the measured wastewater quality distribution information 2542 is stored.

  In process S1308, based on the data in the drainage operation information database 254, the pipe network end model calculation unit 211 generates a pipe network end model. In the model, for example, the amount of change in water quality per drainage amount is defined from the wastewater quality distribution information 2542. Details will be described with reference to FIG.

  In step S1309, the calculated pipe network end model is stored in the pipe end model database 255 shown in FIG.

  As described above, the pipe end 4 includes a drainage facility including a water quality meter 204 and a drainage valve (a mud valve 1003). By controlling the drainage facility, all the water at the end of the pipe network is drained by the drainage valve. Then, the drainage is stopped, the drainage is started after a specified time or when a predetermined water quality is detected in the water quality meter 204, and the drainage is started and the quality of the drained water is measured by the water quality meter. Operation information 2541 is acquired.

<5-2. Detailed flow of pipe end model generation>
FIG. 14 is a detailed flowchart of pipe network end model generation S1308 by the pipe network end model calculating unit 211. What is the start trigger? This is a case where the drainage operation information database 254 is generated or updated. Alternatively, it can be performed by a user instruction.

  In process S1401, updated or new drainage operation information is read from the drainage operation information database 254.

  In step S1402, it is confirmed whether there is an existing model in the pipe network end model database 255.

  In process S1403, if there is no existing model, a pipe network end model is generated from the drainage operation information. The pipe network end model is stored in the pipe network end model database 255 as data on the amount of change in water quality at a predetermined time at a predetermined location at the end of the pipe network based on the drainage operation information, and ends.

  In process S1404, if there is an existing model in the pipe network end model database 255, the existing model is read. If an existing model exists, the pipe network end model is modified as necessary. To check whether the model is an existing model, the consistency of the pipe network end ID is checked. In addition, it is checked whether the time when new drainage operation information is acquired corresponds to the time when the model can be applied. A model in which both match is determined to be an existing model.

  In process S1405, the existing pipe network end model is corrected. When the newly obtained drainage operation information is the drainage operation information obtained by calibration, the correction method is the average of the newly obtained pipe end model values and the past pipe end model values. There is a method of adopting a value. There is also a method of adopting the largest change amount. Alternatively, it is conceivable to correct the average value according to the largest change amount after adopting the average value. For example, since a large change amount has a large decrease rate of residual chlorine concentration and there is a possibility of water quality deterioration, correction is performed so as to secure a margin for water quality deterioration with respect to the average value.

  The drainage valve 1003 is configured to automatically drain water when the measured water quality of the water quality meter 204 deviates from the specified range. However, when drainage is automatically executed due to water quality deterioration, Replace all the water at the end and perform the calibration as it is. Alternatively, only the portion of the deteriorated water quality is discarded, and the existing model is corrected by the amount discarded.

  The above calibration process is performed in order to construct the pipe network end model database 255. However, since it is desirable to prepare various models as the pipe network end model according to the season and timing, It is desirable to always execute in the operation background.

<6. Operation of Water Quality Distribution Planning Department and Wastewater Planning Department>
<6-1. Overall flow>
FIG. 15 is a flowchart of the operation of the water quality management apparatus, and is a part mainly related to the water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220 and the water discharge plan formulation unit 230. The start trigger is assumed to be operated by the user. In this flow, the maximum residual salt concentration to be introduced at the water purification plant is set in various ways, and a plan is created to operate so that the amount of waste water is minimized within each setting condition.

In process S1501, the maximum residual chlorine concentration (a) is initialized. For example, since the residual chlorine concentration has an appropriate range, if the lower limit is 0.1 mg / L and the upper limit is 1 mg / L, the initial value is set to 0.4 mg / L. In the subsequent processing, a chlorine injection plan is made while gradually increasing the maximum residual chlorine concentration (a). For example, starting from 0.4 mg / L and increasing by 0.05 mg / L for each loop In process S1502, the water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220 is executed with the set maximum residual chlorine concentration (a). Here, a chlorine injection plan is prepared and the water quality distribution in the main is predicted. That is, a plurality of chlorine injection plans representing a daily chlorine injection method by combining the time and the residual chlorine concentration are planned in the range of the upper limit value (a) and the lower limit value (user designation, for example, 0.1 mg / L). The number of plans is about 10, for example, and water quality distribution prediction is made later for each to predict the concentration at the end of the pipe network. This will be described later with reference to FIG.

  In process S1503, the water discharge plan formulation unit 230 is executed. Here, the water discharge time and the water discharge amount are determined as the water discharge plan. Here, a water discharge plan is made under a certain chlorine injection plan and water quality prediction. The drainage plan is determined at each end of the pipe network. For example, at a pipe network end a, it becomes 500 L at 10:00, and at a pipe network end b, it becomes 100 L at 17:00. The determination of the water discharge plan is performed by selecting a water discharge plan (for example, 100) that meets the most conditions from a plurality of water discharge plan drafts (for example, 100) at the pipe network end a. Whether it meets the conditions can be confirmed by executing a wastewater simulation. By executing this for all pipe network ends and drafting a drainage plan at each end, it is possible to determine the water quality operation method with both water quality and water discharge plans. This will be described later with reference to FIG.

  In process S1504, it is determined whether execution of processes S1502 and S1503 has exceeded the specified number of times. Here, the number of planned times is equal to or greater than the specified number represents the number of chlorine injection plans. In the flowchart of FIG. 15, one chlorine injection plan is drawn up and a water discharge plan is made repeatedly. The processing for obtaining the condition for minimizing the amount of waste water can be freely selected from a known combination optimization algorithm, but in this embodiment, the Monte Carlo method is used.

  That is, in the process of FIG. 15, a plurality of water quality distribution plans are generated for one maximum residual chlorine concentration (a) (S1502). The water quality distribution generated by the water quality distribution plan depends on the chlorine injection plan at the water purification plant 1 if the distribution pipe network and other conditions are universal. Then, for each water quality distribution plan, a plurality of water discharge plans are randomly generated by the water discharge plan formulation unit, and a water discharge plan that minimizes water discharge is selected (S1503). The number of trials of the Monte Carlo method is determined in step S1504.

  In process S1505, after the number of trials is executed, a drainage plan with the smallest drainage is selected and stored in the water operation plan storage unit 241 for each maximum residual chlorine concentration (a). The stored data is a water discharge plan associated with a certain chlorine injection plan (see FIG. 24 later). That is, the one that shows the best water discharge amount among a plurality of chlorine injection plans is selected and stored. And let this be the amount of wastewater and water quality distribution in a certain chlorine injection plan. Further, as an option, one with a small average chlorine injection amount or one with a small number of waste water points may be selected.

  In process S1506, it is determined whether or not the maximum residual chlorine concentration has reached the upper limit. If not, the residual chlorine concentration is increased by a certain value in process S1507, and the process returns to process S1502. The maximum residual chlorine concentration is, for example, 1 mg / L.

  If the maximum residual chlorine concentration has reached the upper limit, the process proceeds to step S1508, and the result is displayed on the calculation result display operation unit 240. The display of the result on the calculation result display operation unit will be described later.

  Eventually, as the output of the process of FIG. 15, a combination of a water quality distribution plan and a water discharge plan can be obtained in which the amount of water discharge is minimized for one maximum residual chlorine concentration (a). The water distribution plan controls the conditions for chlorine injection at the water treatment plant, and the water discharge plan controls the conditions for water discharge at the end of the pipe network. In addition, in order to evaluate the amount of wastewater in the entire distribution pipe network, a condition for minimizing the amount of wastewater at the end of each pipe network is obtained, and the amount of wastewater may be totaled.

<6-2. Water quality distribution plan development department processing flow>
FIG. 16 is a detailed flowchart of the execution process S1502 of the water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220. The start trigger is a call from the water quality management device 200. In this flow, a chlorine injection plan is created and the water quality distribution in the main is predicted. As an elemental technology, an existing technology (EPANET) or the like can be used. EPANET is public domain software for pipe network analysis developed by the Water Supply and Water Resources Division of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

  In process S1601, the chlorine injection plan calculation unit 221 plans the chlorine injection amount in the water purification plant 1. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a concept of a chlorine injection plan created by the chlorine injection plan calculation unit 221. The residual chlorine concentration 2303 is controlled between the maximum residual chlorine concentration 2301 and the minimum residual chlorine concentration 2302. For example, when the maximum residual chlorine concentration is 1.0 mg / L and the minimum residual chlorine concentration is 0.1 mg / L, a plurality of chlorine injection plans as shown in FIG. 23 can be generated. In other words, the concentration is randomly changed, for example, within the given upper and lower limit values, and this is formulated as a chlorine injection plan.

  In the present embodiment, which will be described with reference to FIG. 16 and subsequent figures, for example, 10 chlorine injection plans are made in the upper and lower limits, and then a water discharge plan is made for each proposal.

  FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the overall concept of the processing of this embodiment. As described above, a plurality of chlorine injection plans 2401 are generated. As a processing procedure, first, one chlorine injection plan 2401 (and an associated water quality distribution prediction) is selected. Next, one of a plurality of pipe network ends 2402 is selected, a plurality of drainage plans 2403 are drawn up at the selected pipe network ends, and the result is confirmed by simulation. For example, 100 different water discharge plans 2403 (combination of time and water discharge amount) are generated, and the best one among them, for example, the one with the minimum residual water discharge amount with the specified residual chlorine concentration is selected. By executing this for all the pipe network ends 2402, the most preferable drainage plan is determined for each pipe network end 2402, and the chlorine injection plan 2401 (for example, chlorine injection plan (1)) selected by adding them is added. Calculate the amount of wastewater. This is executed for all the chlorine injection plans 2401 for which this is planned. Thereafter, the chlorine injection plan 2401 with the smallest amount of water drainage is selected (the water drainage plan 2403 is also determined at the same time).

  If the maximum residual chlorine concentration that can be injected in the chlorine injection plan increases, the odor of lime may increase instead of planning to reduce the amount of wastewater. On the other hand, when the maximum value is lowered, the scent of lime is settled, but the amount of water discharged increases. Accordingly, by calculating the water discharge amount while changing the maximum residual chlorine concentration little by little, it becomes possible to finally create a trade-off graph described later with reference to FIG.

  The reason why the chlorine injection plan does not make the concentration constant is that the demand is not constant. For example, there is almost no need to increase the residual salt concentration in a scene where there is a large amount of demand in the morning and a large amount of water is consumed. If a high concentration is set in the water of the water purification pond here, it will reach the customer with that concentration. On the other hand, since the amount of demand is low at night, if the concentration is not high, the residual chlorine concentration will decrease before reaching the customer, which may cause a water quality violation. Therefore, the amount of chlorine input at the water purification plant must be varied within certain upper and lower limits, and it is desirable to develop multiple plans to find the best variation method for reducing wastewater. In the following description, specific processing will be described in detail.

  In step S1602, the water quality distribution prediction calculation unit 222 simulates the water quality distribution in the main pipe by pipe network calculation in a certain chlorine injection method. For this purpose, data of the pipe network drawing information database 251 (FIG. 3), the demand amount history information database 252 (FIG. 4), and the water quality operation history database 253 (FIG. 5) are used.

  When calculating water quality distribution by pipe network calculation, the following steps are basically taken.

  (1) First, in order to investigate the movement of water in the pipe network, water pressure, flow velocity, flow direction, residence time, etc. are obtained. This requires pipe network drawings, pipe network parameters (extension, diameter, elevation), and demand data. Since tap water flows when consumers use the water, it is necessary to set the demand and calculate the water flow. Demand is estimated and used based on past data. As a prediction method, a known method such as taking an average value or taking the latest value may be appropriately applied.

  For this reason, in the simulation by pipe network calculation, water flow rate, flow direction, water pressure, etc. are analyzed from the data in the pipe network drawing information database 251. Further, a demand amount prediction or the like is performed from the data in the demand amount history information database 252.

  (2) Next, the water quality distribution is calculated using the result of (1). In addition to the calculation result of (1), the residual salt reduction rate coefficient of each pipe is necessary for the calculation of water quality distribution. The residual salt reduction rate coefficient can be calculated using the demand amount and water quality data of a past day.

The amount of decrease in residual chlorine is, in principle, the following formula 1
C _t = C ₀ · e ^−kt (Formula 1)
Given in. here,
C _t : Residual chlorine concentration after time _t (mg / L)
C ₀ : Initial value of residual chlorine concentration k: Decreasing rate coefficient of residual chlorine concentration t: Elapsed time (hr)
It is.

  Formula 1 shows what happens to the water quality of a certain residual salt concentration after t hours. Therefore, the reduction rate coefficient k of the pipe network can be obtained by back calculation. The reduction rate coefficient k varies depending on the type of pipe network and the degree of deterioration.

  If the k value and the residence time (the time when water has departed from the water purification plant 1) are known, the water quality distribution can be predicted. It is assumed that the pipe network drawing information database 251 has in advance this k value obtained through experiments or the like. About residence time, it can estimate using the physical data of the piping of the pipe network drawing information database 251, the supply amount of water, and the demand amount.

  Therefore, the data required for the main water quality distribution prediction is the pipe network drawing information database 251 and the demand history information database 252. The water quality operation history information database 253 is used as optional information for examining whether there is no separation from past data at the time of water quality distribution calculation, and how to perform correction in that case.

  In addition, since the flow of water changes depending on the demand, the water quality distribution also changes. Even when chlorine is injected at a certain concentration at the water purification plant, the water quality distribution in the mains shows a different distribution depending on the time zone. Strictly speaking, there is an impact on the water quality distribution because the main demand changes by executing the water drainage, but if the amount of water drainage and the number of water drainage points are few and the number of water discharges is several times a day, There is no problem to ignore.

  In process S1603, water quality transition data at the end of each pipe network is created from the water quality distribution of the main pipe. The water quality transition at the end of the pipe network is used as data by the water discharge plan formulation unit 230.

  In process S 1604, the created water quality distribution of the main pipe and the water quality transition data at each pipe network end entrance are stored in the water quality distribution prediction storage unit 223.

<6-3. Disposal flow of wastewater planning department>
FIG. 17 shows a flowchart of the processing S1503 of the water discharge plan formulation unit 230. The start trigger is a call from the water quality management device 200. The drainage plan is to determine the drainage time and the amount of drainage, which can be determined freely using a combination optimization algorithm.

  In process S1701, the number of times of drainage control is set. The number of times of drainage control is the number of times of drainage per day. For example, “up to once a day” is set.

  In the process S1702, a combination of the water discharge time and the water discharge amount is generated under the restriction condition of the water discharge control frequency. The time can be set, for example, in 24 increments per hour, and the amount of water drainage can be set, for example, in a predetermined volume increment from 0 to the capacity of the entire end of the pipe network. For example, “500 liters of water is drained at 15:00” is set. The concentration at the inlet of the tube network end 4 changes depending on the usage method of the consumer, and the concentration within the tube network end 4 also changes depending on the usage method of the consumer. Since it is assumed that the amount of consumption varies depending on the time, the result of the simulation varies depending on when and how much water is discarded.

  In process S1703, a simulation of the water draining operation is performed with a combination of the generated water draining time and the water draining amount. In this embodiment, the Monte Carlo method is used. In process S1702, a combination of time and water discharge amount is randomly created to make a plan, and in step S1703, a water discharge simulation is executed to calculate the water discharge amount.

  In simulation S1703, the residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network at the set time is simulated from the water quality distribution prediction storage unit 223. For this purpose, a model having an applicable time is called from the pipe network end model corresponding to the corresponding pipe network end from the pipe network end model database 255. For example, if the pipe network end ID is 1 and the time is spring, the model of model ID 1 in FIG. 7 can be used. Based on the residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network and this model, the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network before draining can be obtained. And the residual chlorine concentration distribution in the pipe network end after draining can be obtained based on the amount of discarded water. For this purpose, the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network before water discharge may be shifted toward the drainage mud valve 1103 side by the amount of water discharge. It is assumed that the residual chlorine concentration of water flowing from the main pipe to the end of the pipe network with drainage is the same as the residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network before draining.

  Since the simulation S1703 obtains the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network, which is the result of a certain drainage plan, a water quality violation is checked in Step S1704. For example, if the allowable range of the residual chlorine concentration is 0.1 mg / L to 1 mg / L, if even a part of the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network deviates from the allowable range, the water is discarded. The plan is not adopted, and the process returns to step S1702 to verify the next wastewater plan candidate. If there is no water quality violation, the result is stored in step S1705. The same process is repeated until a predetermined amount of simulation results can be stored (process S1706), and the one with the smallest water discharge amount is extracted from the last stored water discharge plan (process 1707). Thereafter, the result is stored (processing S1708).

  In the extraction of the plan with the smallest amount of wastewater, as the name suggests, in addition to extracting the one with the least amount of wastewater from multiple wastewater plans, the one with a low average residual salt concentration can be selected as an option. Evaluate the amount of water drainage in the entire distribution pipe network for a certain maximum residual chlorine concentration by extracting the above-mentioned minimum water discharge plan for each end of each pipe network and adding up the amount of water drained by the plan. Can do. In this case, the water discharge time, the water discharge amount, or the necessity of water discharge is set for each end of the pipe network.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the drainage plan and the drainage simulation are executed for each end of the pipe network, and finally the results are integrated. Although the amount of water flowing through the main pipe is very large, the amount of waste water is very small and there are few places of waste water, so it is considered that there is almost no impact on the residual salt concentration of the main pipe due to the water drainage. The network end simulation can be performed independently.

<6-4. Wastewater simulation processing flow>
FIG. 18 shows a detailed flow of processing S1703 of the wastewater simulation. The start trigger is a call from the water discharge plan formulation unit 230.

  First, the water quality distribution at the end of the pipe network is set. As an example, the water discharge plan storage unit 233 is referred to and the presence / absence of the previous water discharge plan is confirmed (processing S1801).

  If there is no previous water discharge plan, an initial value is input (process S1802), and the water quality at the end of the pipe network is initialized (process S1803). As the initial value, past drainage operation information and pipe network end model are used. Since the water quality is measured by the water quality meter 204 near the drainage valve 1003, the distribution of the pipe network end 4 is predicted as an initial value based on this. If there is a previous water discharge plan, the water quality distribution at the end of the pipe network, which is the result of the previous water discharge (previous day, etc.), assumed from the previous water discharge plan is called from the water discharge plan storage unit 233 and used. (Processing S1804).

  In the process S1805, a combination of the water discharge time and the water discharge amount, which is a water discharge plan randomly generated in the process S1702 of the water discharge plan formulation unit 230, is read one by one. For example, a wastewater plan is something like “500 liters at 15:00”.

  In step S1806, a change in water quality at the end of the pipe network is simulated using a model called from the pipe end model database 255 to obtain a water quality distribution at the end of the pipe network after a lapse of time.

  The tube network end model represents, for example, the amount of water quality change at the tube network end after 24 hours. This change takes place over 24 hours, but since the time, change amount, and initial value are known, the change amount per hour can also be calculated. For the amount of change per hour, it is assumed that the k value (residual salt reduction rate coefficient) of each section is obtained based on the model formula of residual chlorine concentration (Formula 1), or that the value simply divided by 24 is used. ing. In the pipe network calculation, it is assumed that the k value of one pipe is constant. However, since this k value takes into account the usage method of the customer, the value differs for each section. Therefore, the data of the pipe network end model generated is as shown in FIG. 25 (example: change amount over 24 hours and calculated k value).

  FIG. 25 shows the amount of water quality change after 24 hours in each section and the residual salt reduction rate coefficient in this section. The given conditions include prediction of water quality distribution at the end of the pipe network by the chlorine injection plan, drawing of the end of the pipe network, pipe end model, and drainage plan. Thereby, the water quality distribution at the end of the pipe network at the specified time can be obtained after the start time, the drainage time, and the drainage execution.

  In process S1807, it is determined whether or not the drainage time specified in the drainage plan has come. If it is not the draining time, it is determined whether or not the simulation specified time has elapsed (step S1808). If the designated time has not elapsed, the time is advanced in processing 1809, and the change in the water quality distribution for the elapsed time is calculated (processing S1806). As a result, for example, “change in water quality distribution of the pipe network end 4 from 0:00 to 15:00” is obtained.

  In process S1807, when the time of water discharge specified in the water discharge plan is reached, the water for the amount of water discharge specified in the water discharge plan is replaced. In the previous example, “500 liters at 15:00” is discarded. It is assumed that the replaced amount of water flows from the main pipe through the pipe network end entrance, and the residual chlorine concentration at that time uses the residual chlorine concentration at the pipe net end entrance obtained from the water quality distribution prediction storage unit 223.

  When the designated time has passed in the process S1808, the water quality distribution in the end of the pipe network is confirmed, and the presence or absence of a water quality violation is confirmed (process S1704). If there is a water quality violation, the fact is recorded and the process ends (step S1811). If there is no water quality violation, the process proceeds to step S1705 (FIG. 17). The water quality violation can be arbitrarily set by the user, and the upper limit, lower limit, temperature, and other conditions of the residual chlorine concentration can be set. In the previous example, “perform water quality change from 15:00 to 24:00”. In the water quality confirmation of the processing S1704, not only the water quality violation can be confirmed, but also the last water quality state can be obtained today. This water quality will be used as the initial value when planning a drainage plan on the next day.

  As described in FIG. 15, as a result of the processing of the water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220 and the water discharge plan formulation unit 230, the water quality distribution plan that minimizes the amount of water discharge for one maximum residual chlorine concentration (a) A combination of drainage plans can be obtained. This result is displayed on the calculation result display operation unit 240.

<7. Processing of calculation result display operation section>
FIG. 19 is an example of an operation screen displayed on the output device (for example, an image display device) of the water quality management device 200 in the calculation result display operation unit 240.

  The lower part of the figure is a part that receives calculation result display and operation of the water quality distribution plan formulation unit 220 and the water discharge plan formulation unit 230. In this embodiment, it is shown in a graph format.

  The horizontal axis of the bar graph indicates the maximum residual chlorine concentration at the water purification plant 1. Since chlorine is injected at the water purification plant 1, this is equivalent to the maximum residual chlorine concentration in the entire distribution pipe network. This value is given by the maximum residual chlorine concentration (a) setting process of FIG.

  In the upper graph of the bar graph, a solid line 1901 indicates the amount of water discarded in the entire distribution pipe network, and a dotted line 1902 indicates a customer rate at which the residual chlorine concentration exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 0.4 mg / L). The amount of discarded water is obtained from the processing result according to the flow of FIG. Further, the consumer rate can be obtained from the residual chlorine concentration at the inlet of the water supply pipe to the consumer by using the drainage simulation result (S1705) and the pipe network drawing information database 251. Moreover, the bar graph shows the number of points (drainage devices at the end of the pipe network) that need to be drained as a result of simulation. The points that need to be discarded can also be displayed on the model diagram at the top left of the figure.

  Generally, if the maximum residual chlorine concentration is set high, the amount of waste water can be reduced. This can be easily understood from the fact that the discarded water is to discard the water having a low residual chlorine concentration. Therefore, for example, when comparing the 1.50 region with the highest maximum residual chlorine concentration at the water purification plant and the region with a low 0.60, the region with the lowest maximum residual chlorine concentration is indicated by a waste water amount and a bar graph indicated by a solid line 1901. Wastewater points are increasing.

  On the other hand, when the maximum residual chlorine concentration is high, it means that water having a high chlorine concentration is supplied to the customer. For example, water having a concentration exceeding 0.4 mg / L indicated by a dotted line 1902 is supplied. The percentage of consumers increases in areas where the highest residual chlorine concentration is high. When the chlorine concentration is high, the quality of water is affected, for example, the odor of chlorite is strong. Therefore, it is desirable that the chlorine concentration is low within the range necessary for sterilization.

  According to the present embodiment, the information shown in FIG. 19 can be shown to the user as the output of the water quality management device 200. As a result, the user can set the balance between the maximum residual chlorine concentration and the amount of wastewater to a desired condition. That is, it becomes possible to set the amount of waste water, which is a loss on the water supplier side, and the maximum residual chlorine concentration that enhances the satisfaction of the consumer in a desired relationship.

  The example of the interface for that is shown. For example, the operation method can be selected by sliding a black vertical line 1903 with a triangle. The graph is an example, and the display content can be changed according to user settings. The basic information to be displayed is the relationship between the maximum residual salt concentration (or chlorine injection amount) at the water treatment plant and the amount of water discarded. In addition, it is possible to display the residual salt injection plan of the selected operation and change the injection plan by the user.

  Moreover, the drain pipe network by the conditions selected, for example with the vertical line 1903 is shown in the upper left. The end of the pipe network that needs to be drained is displayed, and by selecting a point, the drain plan information for the end of the pipe network can be displayed on the upper right.

  The upper right is the location where detailed information on the drainage plan at the end of the pipe network is displayed. Various information based on the database can be displayed, such as details of the drainage plan, transition of residual salt distribution, and pipe network end model.

  The water quality operation plan storage unit 241 stores data necessary for the above display. The operation method display selection unit 242 can perform desired water drainage by controlling the water draining device 2 via the communication line 203 based on the operation method selected by the black vertical line 1901, for example.

  As described above, the water discharge plan formulation unit 230 extracts the optimal water discharge plan that minimizes the water discharge for each of a plurality of pipe network ends included in the water distribution pipe network, and the amount of water discharged from the extracted optimal water discharge plan. Add together. The calculation result display operation unit 240 displays the sum of the drainage amount as an operation screen as shown in FIG. 19 in accordance with the chlorine injection amount of the chlorine injection facility for each of the chlorine injection plans.

  Further, the calculation result display operation unit 240 recognizes the chlorine injection plan selected in response to the display of the operation screen, and the selected chlorine injection plan for each of a plurality of pipe network ends provided in the distribution pipe network. In order to realize the combined amount of water drainage, the external device control unit 206 instructs the execution of the optimum water drainage plan via the communication line 203, and the drainage valve of the water drainage device 2 is operated.

In the second embodiment, only parts different from the first embodiment will be described. In Example 1,
The calculation result of the water quality management device 200 is displayed to the user, and the user controls the chlorine injection device based on the information. The water quality management device 200 directly controls the drainage valve 1003. In other words, although the wastewater treatment device 2 can be remotely operated from the water quality management device 200, the chlorine injection amount is displayed on the calculation result display operation unit 240, but the actual chlorine injection is performed separately. It was.

  As a 2nd Example, the structure which controls the external apparatus control part 206 from the calculation result display operation part 240 is added, and the monitoring control terminal 201 attached to the water purification plant 1 or the monitoring control server 202 via the communication line 203 In cooperation, the chlorine injection device at the water purification plant 1 may also be controllable from the water quality management device 200. As a specific example, the calculation result of the water quality management device 200 is directly transmitted to the monitoring control terminal 201 of the water purification plant 1, and the water quality management device 200 directly controls the chlorine injection device, and the drainage valve 1003 is also controlled by the water quality management device. 200 directly controls.

  Only parts different from the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A smart meter (water meter with communication function) 2001 is provided at a customer at the end 4 of the pipe network. A meter reading database 2002 is added to the water quality management device 200. Data acquired by the smart meter 2001 is received by the communication interface unit 207 via the communication line 203, and the received meter reading data is stored in the meter reading database 2002. As meter-reading data, there is data obtained by acquiring the amount of water used by each consumer 205 in time series.

  The data in the meter reading database 2002 can be used by various calculation means of the water quality management device 200. For example, the data in the meter reading database 2002 can be used for calculation of the tube network end model in the tube network end modeling unit 210. Moreover, for example, since the demand amount of water can be acquired precisely, by using it in the draining operation simulation unit 231, the calculation of the first embodiment can be corrected and the calculation can be performed more precisely.

  FIG. 21 is a table showing an example of the meter reading database 2002. In the meter reading data database, meter reading data of when and how much water is used by each consumer is recorded. The meter reading place information 2101 stores the node ID where the smart meter 2001 is arranged, the recording date, and the meter reading data ID of the recording date. Corresponding to the meter reading data ID, the meter reading data information 2012 stores the usage amount at each time.

  FIG. 22 illustrates an example in which the examination data is used for calibration. FIG. 22 shows a model diagram of the pipe end 4 where the consumer 205 with the smart meter 2001 is located. The calibration procedure is the same as in the first embodiment. However, in Example 3, meter-reading data is acquired at the time of calibration, and the residence time distribution in the water distribution pipe at the pipe network end 4 is obtained. In other words, the usage data 2201 used by the consumer 205 can be obtained by the smart meter 2001. Therefore, it is possible to detect the movement of water in the water distribution branch more precisely by removing the amount of water used from the pipe and drawing the water from the main pipe. Thereby, a precise water residence time distribution 2202 in the pipe can be obtained. Finally, the residence time distribution and the quality of the drained water are compared, and the correlation between the residence time and the amount of change in water quality is obtained. At this time, if the value is uniquely determined, the value may be approximated by using regression analysis or the like if it changes. The obtained water quality change amount is reflected in the pipe network end model and can be used in the drainage operation simulation S1703.

  The conventional wastewater device cannot control the water quality of the main pipe and cannot predict the water quality distribution in the end of the pipe network. Moreover, since only the water quality at the end of the pipe network is seen as in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that even if there is a water quality abnormality (residual salt concentration violation) at the end of the pipe network, it cannot be detected.

  However, according to the embodiment described above, it is possible to automate the water draining operation and control the chlorine injection and the water draining apparatus in conjunction with each other so that the amount of water drainage is minimized. In addition, the water quality change at the end of the pipe network can be calibrated to make accurate predictions. Furthermore, it becomes possible to visualize the relationship between the chlorine injection amount, the amount of waste water, and the influence of the water quality on the consumer, and to select an operation method.

1: Water purification plant (water supply source)
2: Waste water device 3: Water quality meter 4: Pipe network end 5: Main pipe

Claims (7)

A water supply source, a chlorine injection facility for injecting chlorine into water at the water supply source, a main pipe for distributing water from the water supply source, and a network end connected to the main pipe. A water quality management system applied to a distribution pipe network that supplies water to
A pipe network drawing information database storing pipe network drawing information relating to the structure of the water distribution pipe network, a drainage operation information database storing drainage operation information which is a measured value of water quality change accompanying drainage at the end of the pipe network, It is possible to access the demand history information database for estimating demand,
It has a pipe network end modeling department, a water quality distribution planning department, and a wastewater planning department,
The pipe network end modeling unit is:
Based on the drainage operation information, generate a pipe network end model that expresses the change in water quality over time at the pipe network end,
The water quality distribution plan formulation department
For a plurality of chlorine injection plans with different chlorine injection amounts of the chlorine injection facility, the residual chlorine concentration distribution of the main pipe is calculated based on the pipe network drawing information and the water demand,
For each of the chlorine injection plans, based on the pipe network drawing information, calculate the residual chlorine concentration at the inlet of the end of the pipe network,
The wastewater planning department
Generate a combination of drainage amount and timing at the end of the pipe network as a plurality of wastewater plans,
For each of the chlorine injection plans, apply the plurality of drainage plans, and calculate the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network based on the residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network and the end model of the pipe network And
Among the plurality of drainage plans applied to each of the chlorine injection plans, the drainage plan having the minimum residual water concentration that satisfies the specified condition and the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network is optimally discarded. Extract as water plan,
Water quality management system. The pipe network end includes a drainage facility including a water quality meter and a drainage valve,
By controlling the drainage equipment,
All the water at the end of the pipe network is drained by the drain valve, and then drainage is stopped. After a specified time or when a predetermined water quality is detected by the water quality meter, drainage is started and drained. Obtaining the drainage operation information by measuring the quality of the water with the water quality meter,
The water quality management system according to claim 1. In addition, a calculation result display operation unit is provided.
The wastewater planning department
Extracting an optimal water discharge plan for each of a plurality of pipe network ends provided in the water distribution pipe network, adding up the water discharge amount of the extracted optimal water discharge plan,
The calculation result display operation unit includes:
For each of the chlorine injection plans, corresponding to the chlorine injection amount of the chlorine injection facility, the summed water amount is displayed as an operation screen.
The water quality management system according to claim 2. The calculation result display operation unit includes:
Recognizing the chlorine injection plan selected in response to the display of the operation screen;
For each of a plurality of pipe network ends provided in the water distribution pipe network, the execution of the optimal water discharge plan is realized, and the drain valve is operated to realize the combined water discharge amount of the selected chlorine injection plan. ,
The water quality management system according to claim 3. The pipe end model is
It includes a pipe network end ID that identifies the pipe network end to be applied, and an elapsed time width for expressing the time-dependent change in water quality at the pipe network end, and the time-dependent change in water quality corresponds to the location of the pipe network end Stipulated,
The water quality management system according to claim 1. The pipe network end is equipped with a drainage facility equipped with a water quality meter and a drainage valve, and a smart meter corresponding to each customer,
With the smart meter,
Get the water usage time and usage for each customer,
By controlling the drainage equipment,
All the water at the end of the pipe network is drained by the drain valve, and then drainage is stopped. After a specified time or when a predetermined water quality is detected by the water quality meter, drainage is started and drained. Obtaining the drainage operation information by measuring the quality of the water with the water quality meter,
The water quality management system according to claim 1. A water supply source, a chlorine injection facility for injecting chlorine into water at the water supply source, a main pipe for distributing water from the water supply source, a pipe network end connected to the main pipe, and the pipe network end A water quality management method using a water quality management device, which is an information processing device capable of communicating with the water quality meter and the drainage facility, in a distribution pipe network including a water quality meter and a drainage facility connected to the ,
The water quality management device can access a database for simulating the residual chlorine concentration distribution of the water distribution network,
For a plurality of chlorine injection plans with different chlorine injection amounts of the chlorine injection equipment, calculate the residual chlorine concentration distribution of the distribution pipe network based on the database,
Generate a combination of drainage amount and timing at the end of the pipe network as a plurality of wastewater plans,
For each of the chlorine injection plans, applying the plurality of wastewater plans, based on the database, calculating the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network,
Among the plurality of drainage plans applied for each of the chlorine injection plans, a drainage plan in which the residual chlorine concentration distribution at the end of the pipe network satisfies a specified condition and the amount of water discharged satisfies the specified condition Is extracted as the optimal wastewater plan,
Water quality management method.

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