JP2018045424A - Pharmaceutical inventory management system, and determination method of pharmaceutical charge amount - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system capable of setting a proper price for each medical product by visualizing distribution costs required by the individual medical products in pharmaceutical distribution.SOLUTION: A pharmaceutical inventory management system includes: environmental maintenance storage means for storing medical products while maintaining environmental conditions; storage environment detection means for acquiring information on environmental conditions in the environmental maintenance storage means; storage state detection means for detecting storage in the environmental maintenance storage means of medical products; environmental maintenance transportation means for transporting medical products while maintaining environmental conditions; transportation environment detection means for acquiring information on environmental conditions in the environment maintenance transportation means; and charge amount derivation means for deriving a charge amount to a delivery destination of medical products, on the basis of the information according to each of the detection means. In the charge amount derivation means, charging objects are medical products for which delivery from the environmental maintenance storage means is detected in a predetermined period of time, according to the environmental maintenance storage means of a delivery destination of the medical products.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a drug inventory management system capable of acquiring a history of drug status in a drug distribution process, and a method for determining a charge amount in a drug distribution process using the drug inventory management system.

  In recent years, the handling volume of medicines called specialty medicines such as anti-cancer agents, hemophilia treatment agents, biopharmaceuticals, plasma fractionation products, vaccine preparations, companion diagnostics, rare disease preparations, and regenerative medicine products has increased. It has increased. These specialty medicines tend to be expensive, and require environmental management including strict temperature control such as 2 to 8 ° C, 15 to 25 ° C, and 0 ° C or less, and high traceability. It is often done. On the other hand, since these pharmaceutical products tend to have characteristics such as difficulty in demand forecasting and short expiration dates, they are used in medical institutions and insurance pharmacies (hereinafter collectively referred to as medical institutions, etc.). Drugs are often not consumed as scheduled.

  Under these circumstances, medical institution, etc., has become a problem with the above-mentioned pharmaceutical inventory management and traceability management workload, and worsening cash flow due to an increase in fixed and discarded inventory. Responses to urgent delivery requests from customers, etc., and increased costs related to inventory management have become issues. However, pharmaceutical distributors and manufacturers grasp and record in real time the medical environment, insurance pharmacies, patient homes and facilities, and the surrounding environment of such drugs while moving, and distribute and receive the results. At present, it cannot be said that the system and method for linking with the ordering / returning / billing system are well established.

  In Japan, medical institutions, etc. receive payments from patients and individual insurers based on the drug usage records according to the drug prices determined for each drug by the government. Due to the revision, there is a problem that the price at the time of purchase and the price at the time of payment are different (mainly falling), and medical institutions etc. have to bear the difference. In addition, the price at the time of purchase and the price at the time of consumption differ depending on drug price revisions and fluctuations in transaction prices between distributors and medical institutions. Even if purchased, there is a first-in first-out principle, but there is a problem that it is impossible to accurately grasp which product is purchased at which price. In particular, with regard to specialty medicines, products with the same lot and the same expiration date tend to be distributed in the market for a longer period of time compared to medicines belonging to other categories such as lifestyle-related diseases. Sex is considered higher for specialty drugs.

  In addition, in transactions between medical institutions and distributors or pharmaceutical manufacturers, sales prices for each product are negotiated for each drug price revision. During the negotiation period, the so-called provisional price (the sales price is finalized). In the negotiations between distributors and medical institutions, there is still a business custom of discounting the provisional price at the stage when the sales price is finally decided. The solution to the problem of reduced business efficiency due to such business practices is a major theme in the medical industry.

In addition, since medical institutions and distributors handle a large number of products, there is a problem of improving so-called total price transactions such as sales price determination for each manufacturer instead of price negotiation for each product. This is because the value of the drug itself and the distribution cost cannot be grasped, and it is difficult to form a consensus among the drug manufacturers, distributors, medical institutions, etc. about the value of the drug itself, resulting in an increase in negotiation costs. Because there is a tendency to.

  However, pharmaceutical distributors and pharmaceutical manufacturers have not established a system for determining the amount to be charged after visualizing the distribution costs of individual products such as those mentioned above in medical institutions and grasping the actual consumption. . In addition, the time of consumption is set as the billing start timing, and the billed amount in the month is determined after distinguishing the price at the time of delivery and the current price according to the billing deadline that differs for each medical institution, etc. In the case where the above pharmaceutical products are not yet consumed by medical institutions, an unclaimed system has not been established. For this reason, it has been difficult for medical institutions and the like to constantly and appropriately secure an inventory amount that can use the necessary amount when necessary due to cash flow issues from the viewpoint of continuous medical management.

  In addition, as a method of solving cash flow problems in medical institutions, the medical institutions have a space for managing inventory owned by distributors or pharmaceutical manufacturers, and acquire ownership according to the demands of medical institutions. There is a so-called consignment inventory method that is transferred to medical institutions. However, in order to realize the consignment inventory method in the legal system in Japan such as the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act, etc., in order to manage the pharmaceuticals owned by distributors or pharmaceutical manufacturers, pharmacists should be assigned to medical institutions themselves. Since it is necessary to arrange them, it was difficult to propose and disseminate a distribution model in the consignment inventory method in Japan from the viewpoint of management costs.

Japanese Patent No. 3639408 JP-T-2006-503206 Japanese Patent No. 4316129 JP 2006-48500 A JP 2003-242223 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to visualize the distribution costs of individual drugs in drug distribution from drug manufacturers to distributors, medical institutions, etc. By making it possible to grasp, it is to provide a system capable of determining an appropriate price for each medicine. In addition, the billing start timing is when the drug is actually consumed, and the monthly billing amount is determined by determining the price at the time of delivery and the current price according to the billing deadline that differs for each medical institution, etc. It is to provide a system that can. And, by these, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the operation cost in a medical institution or the like and improve the cash flow.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is characterized by the following points. That is, an environmental maintenance storage means for storing a medicine while maintaining the environmental conditions according to the medicine;
Storage environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental conditions in the environment maintenance storage means;
Storage state detection means for detecting that the medicine is stored by the environmental maintenance storage means;
An environmental maintenance transport means capable of transporting the medicine while maintaining environmental conditions according to the medicine; a transport environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental condition in the environmental maintenance transport means;
A transport state detecting means for detecting that the medicine is transported by the environmental maintenance transport means;
Claim amount derivation for deriving a charge amount to the drug delivery destination based on detection information by at least one of the storage environment detection unit, the storage state detection unit, the transport environment detection unit, and the transport state detection unit Means, and
The bill derivation means is detected by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the pharmaceutical product to have been delivered from the environmental maintenance storage means at the delivery destination in a predetermined period. A pharmaceutical inventory management system characterized in that the pharmaceutical is a billing target.

  According to the present invention, a distributor or a pharmaceutical manufacturer automatically derives a charge amount for a medicine delivery destination for a medicine that is detected to have been delivered from the environmental maintenance storage means of the delivery destination for a predetermined period. be able to. According to this, for example, it is easier to make claims for drugs that are actually consumed (withdrawn) during the period from the previous closing date of the medical institution or the like to the current closing date. It can be done and the basis for the amount charged can be clarified.

  Further, in the present invention, the bill amount derivation means includes the price and sales price at the time when the storage state detection means detects that the medicine to be charged has been received in the environmental maintenance storage means of the delivery destination. The invoiced amount may be derived by applying a price (including consumption tax).

  Here, if a plurality of the same medicines with the same lot and the same expiration date are delivered to a medical institution or the like for a certain period, conventionally, there is a case where individual medicines cannot be distinguished. If this happens, if these drugs are delivered to medical institutions before and after the drug price revision date, it is unclear at what selling price the drugs consumed up to that date. There was a case. In addition to the event of drug price revisions, in transactions between pharmaceutical manufacturers, distributors, medical institutions, etc., the sales price will be the fixed price for a limited-time change in the sales price or between the price revision and the next price revision. There are also business practices that repeat the provisional price several times. On the other hand, in the present invention, since it is possible to individually identify the distribution history of each drug from the detection information from the storage state detection means, the drug price when each drug is actually delivered and It becomes possible to apply the sales price (including consumption tax), eliminate the inconvenience that causes suspicion in the billing amount, clarify the grounds of the billing, and improve the efficiency of billing operations.

  Further, in the present invention, the bill derivation means is the delivery based on detection information from at least one of the storage environment detection means, the storage state detection means, the transport environment detection means, and the transport state detection means. It is also possible to calculate the in-store and delivery costs of the medicine so far, and derive the invoiced amount of the medicine based on the in-house and delivery costs. Also, in the current drug price system, the above distribution costs (in-house / delivery costs) are included in the drug price, but transactions with pharmaceutical manufacturers, distributors, medical institutions, etc. in a form that separates this distribution cost from the drug price. You may be able to perform.

In other words, the price of medicines and the amount charged to the delivery destination depend on the product characteristics of each medicine, the storage and delivery time from the medicine manufacturer to the distributor, or the distributor to the medical institution, etc. Costs such as energy costs related to work required for maintenance and system maintenance related to storage and delivery should be reflected. On the other hand, in the pharmaceutical inventory management system according to the present invention, the bill derivation means includes the above-mentioned storage environment detection means, the various expenses necessary for maintaining the environment in the warehouse, the delivery time and the medicine, It is possible to obtain accurately from detection information from at least one of storage state detection means, transport environment detection means, and transport state detection means. And in this invention, since it decided to derive | lead-out the claim amount with respect to the said pharmaceutical with respect to a delivery destination based on the said detection information, it becomes possible to derive | lead-out the claim amount more correctly based on a clear basis. .

  In the present invention, the delivery destination is provided with a plurality of the environmental maintenance storage means, and the bill derivation means is the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the pharmaceutical delivery destination. According to the above, it is a medicine that has been detected to have been delivered from the environmental maintenance storage means of one of the delivery destinations during a predetermined period, and the other environmental maintenance storage installed at the delivery destination at the end of the predetermined period Drugs that have been detected as being stored in the means may not be billed.

  Here, in medical institutions where a plurality of environmental maintenance storage means are installed, pay attention to one environmental maintenance storage means to be managed (for example, environmental maintenance storage means in a pharmacy department of a hospital), and during the predetermined period In many cases, pharmaceuticals issued from environmental preservation means were targeted for billing. However, in this case, the drug delivered from the environmental maintenance storage means to be managed is not actually consumed due to a change in treatment policy or death due to changes in the physical condition of the patient. It could happen that it was just moved to another environmental maintenance and storage means. In such a case, after the request to the medical institution or the like is made, the medical product is returned to the managed environmental maintenance storage means, which may cause inconvenience that the request is confused.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, the bill derivation means is configured to maintain the environmental maintenance of the delivery destination for a predetermined period by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the medicine. Drugs stored in any of the plurality of environmental maintenance storage means at the delivery destination at the end of the predetermined period should not be claimed even if it is detected that the goods have been delivered from the storage means. Therefore, medical supplies that are not actually consumed are not subject to billing simply by being transferred from the environmental maintenance storage means to be managed to other environmental maintenance storage means in the medical institution or the like that is the delivery destination. Therefore, the billing target can be limited to the medicines actually consumed in the delivery medical institution or the like, and the billing accuracy can be further improved.

Further, the present invention provides an environmental maintenance storage means for storing a pharmaceutical while maintaining environmental conditions according to the pharmaceutical,
Storage environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental conditions in the environment maintenance storage means;
Storage state detection means for detecting that the medicine is stored by the environmental maintenance storage means;
An environmental maintenance transport means capable of transporting the medicine while maintaining environmental conditions according to the medicine; a transport environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental condition in the environmental maintenance transport means;
A method for determining the amount billed to a delivery destination of the medicine using a medicine inventory management system comprising a transportation state detection means for detecting that the medicine is being transported by the environmental maintenance transportation means,
Claims the medicine detected by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the pharmaceutical product from the environmental maintenance storage means of the delivery destination for a predetermined period. It may be a method for determining the amount charged for a pharmaceutical product.

Further, the present invention derives a bill amount by applying the drug price and the sales price (including consumption tax) at the time when the storage state detection unit detects that the storage state detection unit stores the product in the environmental maintenance storage unit. The method for determining the amount charged for the above-mentioned medicine may be used.

  Further, the present invention provides the inside of the medicine to the delivery destination based on detection information from at least one of the storage environment detection unit, the storage state detection unit, the transport environment detection unit, and the transport state detection unit. The method of determining a billing amount of the medicine may be characterized by calculating a delivery cost and deriving the billing amount of the medicine based on the delivery cost in the warehouse.

  In the present invention, a plurality of the environmental maintenance storage means are installed at the delivery destination, and the storage status detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the pharmaceutical supplies the delivery destination in a predetermined period. It is a pharmaceutical product that has been detected to have been delivered from one of the environmental maintenance storage means, and is stored in any of the other environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination at the end of the predetermined period The method for determining the amount charged for a pharmaceutical product described above, wherein the pharmaceutical product is not subject to claim.

  In addition, said means can be used in combination with each other as much as possible.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to determine an appropriate price for each medicine by visualizing the distribution cost of each medicine in a medical institution and making it possible to grasp the actual consumption. In addition, the billing start timing is when the drug is actually consumed, and the monthly billing amount is determined by determining the price at the time of delivery and the current price according to the billing deadline that differs for each medical institution, etc. it can. And, by these, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the operation cost of the medical institution and the cash flow.

It is a figure which shows the aspect of the distribution of the conventional pharmaceutical, and the determination of a sales price. It is a figure for demonstrating the system configuration | structure of the pharmaceutical stock management system in the Example of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the hardware constitutions of the basic server in the Example of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the first half part of the process of the decision | availability of returned goods by the pharmaceutical stock management system in the Example of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the latter half part of the process of the decision | availability of returned goods by the pharmaceutical stock management system in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the claim aspect in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the table of the function cost in the Example of this invention, a medicine price, the number-of-patients coefficient, and a post-launch period coefficient. It is a functional block diagram of the pharmaceutical stock management system in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of another aspect of the claim in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of another aspect of the claim in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the stock determination logic on a date basis in the refrigerated storage in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the algorithm at the time of finalizing the billing object at the time of the delivery of the pharmaceutical in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the algorithm which specifies the pharmaceutical which is not consumed only by the movement between the multiple storages in the medical institution in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of another aspect of the claim in the Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the automatic calculation process of the amount of bill in the Example of this invention, and the automatic issue process of an invoice.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the distribution and claims of conventional pharmaceuticals. In FIG. 1, block 1 indicates a pharmaceutical manufacturer, block 2 indicates a distributor, block 3 indicates a medical institution such as a hospital, a clinic, or an insurance pharmacy. A block 4 indicates a patient who receives treatment or medication at a medical institution 3 or the like (and his / her home). Note that the distributors in FIG. 1 may include all of the traders that intervene between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the medical institution 3 such as wholesalers and transporters. In addition, the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 or the insurance pharmacy may play the role of the distributor 2 by itself.

  Traditionally, the pharmaceutical 5 in the specialty area produced by the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 requires strict temperature control, so that the distributor is stored in the cold container 6 as an environmental maintenance and transportation means capable of temperature management during movement. 2 was purchased. In addition, during the period until it is sold by the distributor 2, the medicine 5 is stored in the distributor 2 in a state where the temperature is controlled in the refrigerated storage 7 as an environmental maintenance storage means. When the sales destination medical institution 3 or the like is decided, the medicine 5 is delivered from the refrigerated storage 7 and transported to the medical institution 3 again while being stored in the cold container 16.

  In the medical institution 3 or the like, the medicine 5 is taken out from the cold storage container 16 and stored in the refrigerated storage 17. Furthermore, when the patient 4 is dispensed, the patient is dispensed from the refrigerated storage 17. Further, when the medicine 5 is delivered to the patient 4 and is administered by the patient 4 at his / her home, the medicine 5 is delivered from the refrigerated storage 17 of the medical institution 3 and stored in the cold container 36. It is transported to the home of the patient 4 in a state. Then, in the home of the patient 4, the medicine 5 is taken out from the cold storage container 36 and stored and stored in the refrigerated storage 37. Thereafter, the medicine 4 is delivered from the refrigerated storage 37 and dispensed by the patient 4 as necessary.

Here, the drug price, which is the price of the medicine 5 when the medical institution 3 etc. dispenses to the patient 4, is determined by the country, and is revised approximately once every two years. Assuming that the price of the drug 5 is Z yen as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the drug manufacturer 1 sells the drug 5 to the distributor 2 at a purchase price X yen (X <Z). To do. This purchase price is actually determined by the relationship between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2. Further, the distributor 2 adds a function price a1 yen and profit a2 yen to the purchase price (product price) X yen, for example, Y yen (Y = X + a
1 + a2) to be sold to medical institutions 3 This selling price is actually determined by the relationship between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3 or the like. Then, in the medical institution 3 or the like, a profit of (ZY) yen is obtained by charging the patient 4 with Z yen after medication to the patient 4. In this case, the medical institution 3 pays a total of Z yen, but in reality, according to the medical insurance system, for example, when the patient's self-pay ratio is 30%, Z) Yen, (0.7 × Z) Yen will be paid from the insurer. In that case, after the insurer (or the screening agent of the social insurance medical fee payment fund, etc.) conducts the examination based on the receipt application from the medical institution 3 before the payment from the insurer, the medical institution etc. 3 is required to pay a certain period. For this reason, there is a lag between the payment from the insurer and the purchase of the drug 5 to the distributor 2 in the specialty drug 5 that tends to be expensive, and the medical institution 3 is more cash than other product categories. There is a reality that we have to have more flow issues.

In the distribution and billing aspects of the conventional pharmaceutical 5 described above, as described above, the purchase price from the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 to the distributor 2 and the selling price from the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3 are as follows. 1, price distributor 2, medical institution 3, etc. Therefore, there may be a time lag of about half a year from the time the drug price is determined by the country until the purchase price and the sales price are determined, and during that time, especially during transactions between distributors 2 and medical institutions 3 In some cases, the distribution of No. 5 was operated with provisional provisional prices, so-called unconfirmed, provisional delivery, and settled after formal purchase prices and sales prices were determined. As a result, the billing operations in the medical product manufacturer 1, the distributor 2, the medical institution 3, etc. become complicated, and much energy and cost are required for price negotiation.

  Further, in the above aspect, in order to make price negotiation among the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1, the distributor 2, and the medical institution 3 more efficient at the time of determining the purchase price and the sales price, the individual pharmaceutical products There is also a movement to quantitatively calculate the distribution cost of 5 and make it the basis of the functional price. However, in reality, pharmaceutical manufacturers 1, distributors 2, and medical institutions 3 handle a large number of products. Therefore, instead of negotiating a single unit price for each product, the sales price is determined by manufacturer. In many cases, so-called total price transactions were conducted. As a result, the value of the drug 5 itself and the distribution cost cannot be grasped, and it is difficult to form an agreement among the drug manufacturer 1, the distributor 2, the medical institution 3, etc. about the value of the drug 5 itself.

  FIG. 2 shows a distribution mode of the medicine 5 in the medicine stock management system for improving the above disadvantages. In FIG. 2, the actual distribution route of the pharmaceutical 5 is indicated by a solid line, and the information route is indicated by a broken line. In the present embodiment, the identification element 5a in which the ID of the medicine 5 is recorded is attached to the medicine 5 (the medicine itself or the medicine packaging). In addition, a reading sensor 6 a that can detect identification information of the medicine 5 by the identification element 5 a and a temperature sensor 6 b that can acquire internal temperature history information are attached to the cold container 6. The output signals of the reading sensor 6a and the temperature sensor 6b are transmitted to the information management device 8 by wireless communication and recorded as necessary. Thereby, the information about whether or not the medicine 5 having a predetermined ID is stored in the cold container 6 and the temperature history information in the cold container 6 can be recorded in real time.

  As a result, it is possible to detect that the drug 5 is reliably stored in the cold container 6 during the transfer of the drug from the drug manufacturer 1 to the distributor 2, and it is possible to detect the temperature history in the cold container 6. It has become. Similarly, during the movement of the medicine 5 between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3 or between the medical institution 3 and the home of the patient 4 by the reading sensors 16a and 36a and the temperature sensors 16b and 36b, the medicine It is possible to detect that 5 is securely stored in the cold containers 16 and 36, and the temperature history in the cold containers 16 and 36 can be detected.

  Further, in the distribution mode of the medicine 5 of the present embodiment, the medicine 5 is identified by the identification element 5a in the refrigerated storages 7, 17, and 37 provided in the homes of the distributor 2, the medical institution 3 and the patient 4 as well. Read sensors 7a, 17a, 37a capable of detecting information and temperature sensors 7b, 17b, 37b capable of acquiring temperature history information are attached. The output signals of the reading sensors 7a, 17a, 37a and the temperature sensors 7b, 17b, 37b are transmitted and recorded in real time to the information management device 8 by wireless communication. As a result, information on whether or not the medicine 5 having a predetermined ID is stored in the refrigerated storage 7, 17, 27 and the temperature history information in the refrigerated storage 7, 17, 37 can be recorded in real time. It has become.

  In the above description, the identification element 5a and the reading sensors 7a, 17a, and 37a constitute storage state detection means. The identification element 5a and the reading sensors 6a, 16a, and 36a constitute a conveyance state detection unit. Further, the temperature sensors 6b, 16b, and 36b correspond to a transportation environment detection unit. The temperature sensors 7b, 17b, and 37b correspond to storage environment detection means. The refrigerated storages 7, 17, and 37 in the present embodiment are not limited to the box type, and may be a room unit such as a cold room or a floor unit.

Here, the identification element 5a may be, for example, an IC tag or an RFID tag (including both active and passive methods). In this case, the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a, 7a, 17a, and 37a are RFID tags. It may be a leader. In addition, the identification element 5a and the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a, 7a, 17a, and 37a may be configured by devices capable of short-range wireless communication such as Bluetooth (registered trademark). In addition, the identification element 5a may be a device that emits a magnetic field or light that can be identified by the ID of the medicine 5. In this case, the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a, 7a, 17a, and 37a are magnetic sensors or optical devices. It may be a sensor. Furthermore, the identification element 5a does not have to actively transmit a signal such as an electromagnetic field or light, and may be, for example, a label printed with a bar code or a QR code (registered trademark). In this case, the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a, 7a, 17a, and 37a may be bar code readers or QR code (registered trademark) readers.

  In addition, as described above, the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a, 7a, 17a, 37a and the temperature sensors 6b, 16b, 36b, 7b, 17b, 37b are provided with a communication function, and the information management device 8 has the ID of the medicine 5. The information management device 8 may receive and record the information about the location and the temperature history information in real time, and the information may be received and recorded. However, the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a, 7a, 17a, 37a and the temperature sensor 6b, 16b, 36b, 7b, 17b, 37b itself, the cold storage containers 6, 16, 36, or the refrigerated storage 7, 17, 37 may be provided with a storage function so that each information can be recorded and accumulated independently.

  In the present embodiment, the distribution process from the medical product manufacturer 1 to the distributor 2 after the pharmaceutical 5 is manufactured, stored, and shipped (purchased from the distributor 2) by the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 in the above configuration, the distributor 2 in the storage process, the distribution process from the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3, the storage process in the medical institution 3, the distribution process from the medical institution 3 to the patient 4 home, and the storage process in the patient 4 home. 5 is securely stored in the cold storage containers 6, 16, 36 or the refrigerated storage 7, 17, 37, and it can be confirmed whether or not appropriate temperature management has been performed.

  In the above embodiment, examples of the case where the patient 4 self-administers the patient 4 at home include cancer, autoimmune disease, hemophilia, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, growth hormone secretory short stature It is assumed that the patient 5 or his / her family directly administers and administers the pharmaceutical 5 directly at home, such as self-injection drugs for diseases and other rare diseases and specific diseases. In this case, for example, the medicine 5 may be subdivided into smaller units, such as one, one tablet or one (in the case of a vial, ampoule, syringe, etc.), or a plurality of subdivided plural A form in which a plurality of types of medicines are packaged in a set may be used.

  In this case, the identification element 5a may be attached to each divided medicine or each divided case, for example. In addition, the cold container 36 in the present embodiment may be smaller than the cold containers 6 and 16. Further, a small case (not shown) is stored in the cold container 36, and the medicine 5 is further stored for each medicine subdivided in the case or in a subdivided case, and the reading sensor 36a is in the small case. It is good also as providing in.

  Further, the refrigerated storage 37 in the patient's home or the like may be smaller than the refrigerated storages 7 and 17. Further, a small case (not shown) is accommodated in the refrigerated storage 37, and the medicine 5 is further accommodated in each case or each subdivided case in the case, and the reading sensor 37a It is good also as providing in a small case. Furthermore, the reading sensor 37a may be provided in a subdivided bag of the medicine 5.

The information management apparatus 8 in FIG. 2 includes a backbone server 8a and an intermediate server 8b as servers for managing information related to the distribution of the pharmaceutical 5 in the distributor 2. The core server 8a is information related to processing from the order of the medicine 5 from the medical institution 3 by the distributor 2 to the delivery of the medicine 5 to the medical institution 3, the information on the inventory of the distributor 2, the information on the packaging change and the recall. A server that manages information related to billing processing. It also manages information related to automatic replenishment, withdrawal request, etc. when returning from the medical institution 3.

  On the other hand, the intermediate server 8b receives sales information (sales price, customer information, transaction conditions, etc.), which is information obtained from the core server 8a of the distributor 2, as well as from the cold storage container server 8c and the refrigerated storage server 8d described later. It is a server that manages information. The intermediate server 8b is information related to the ID, location or presence / absence (including positional information during transportation, inventory information in the refrigerated storage 7 and stock information due to withdrawal), etc. from the cold storage container server 8c and the refrigerated storage server 8d. In addition, the processing of the temperature history information and the information related to the return / resale process of the medicine 5 in this embodiment is performed, and sales information and the like are exchanged with the backbone server 8a.

  Furthermore, the intermediate server 8b provides information to the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 as necessary. For example, information and temperature history regarding the ID, location or presence / absence (including position information during transportation, stocking information in the refrigerated storage 7 and stock information by dispensing), etc. from the cold storage container server 8c and the refrigerated storage server 8d Information is shared between the intermediate server 8b and the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1. Accordingly, it is possible to receive determination, advice, additional information, etc. from the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 in determining whether the pharmaceutical 5 can be returned. As a result, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the determination as to whether or not the product can be returned and shorten the time required for the determination.

  The cold storage container server 8c is a server that collects information from the cold storage containers 6, 16, and 36, and receives output signals from the reading sensors 6a, 16a, and 36a and the temperature sensors 6b, 16b, and 36b in real time. ·Remember. For example, in the distribution route of the medicine 5 between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3 in the present embodiment, more specifically, the container ID and the product identifier ID from the cold storage container 16 to the cold storage container server 8c. , Time information, position information, and temperature history information are transmitted. Further, shocks, network information, etc. may be transmitted. These pieces of information are transmitted from the cold storage container server 8c to the intermediate server 8b owned by the distributor.

  On the other hand, the refrigerated storage server 8d is a server that collects information from the refrigerated storages 7, 17, and 37, and outputs output signals from the reading sensors 7a, 17a, and 37a and the temperature sensors 7b, 17b, and 37b in real time. Receive and store with. For example, in this embodiment, the storage ID, product identifier ID, time information, position information, temperature, network information from the reading sensor 17a of the refrigerated storage 17 of the medical institution 3 to the refrigerated storage server 8d. , Warehousing and consumption information is sent. Then, similar information is transmitted from the refrigerated storage server 8d to the intermediate server 8b owned by the distributor.

  In addition, the place where each server in the information management apparatus 8 is installed is not particularly limited. For example, all the servers 8a to 8d may be installed in the facility of the distributor 2, or, as shown in FIG. 2, the backbone server 8a and the intermediate server 8b are installed in the facility of the distributor 2, and the cold storage container The server 8c may be installed in the facility of the management company of the cold storage containers 6 and 16, and the refrigerated storage server 8d may be installed in the management company of the refrigerated storage 7 and 17. In addition, each server in the information management device 8 is the same line as a system used by a medical institution (electronic medical record, ordering system, receipt processing system, electronic medicine history, electronic medicine notebook, etc.) or an independent line. It may be connected, and the means may be connected by an Internet line or a telephone line. All or some of the servers may be installed on the cloud.

In the above pharmaceutical inventory management system, the temperature management of the pharmaceutical 5 is performed using the cold containers 6 and 16 when the pharmaceutical 5 is moved between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2 and between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3. However, the environmental maintenance transportation means in the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the medicine 5 may be stored and transported directly in a refrigerator in a refrigerator car, a freezer in a freezer car, a dedicated vehicle for cold storage, a cargo bed of an aircraft, or a ship. However, in this case, it is desirable to manage and record the transfer time and temperature of the medicine 5 between the refrigerator car, the refrigerator car, and the refrigerator storages 7 and 17. The medical institution 3 purchased and returned to the distributor 2 or the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 of the medicine 5 with the ownership, or the transportation of the medicine 5 from the insurance pharmacy to the insurance pharmacy, etc. It is desirable for the trucking business operator to implement it based on the Road Transportation Law and the Trucking Truck Business Law with facilities and systems. In addition, about the attachment place to the pharmaceutical 5 of the identification element 5a, the manufacturing factory and storage facility of the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 may be sufficient, and the country is not specifically limited.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a hardware configuration of the backbone server 8a. As shown in FIG. 3, the core server 8a includes network interface devices such as a central processing unit (CPU) 80a, a random access memory (RAM) 80b, a hard disk drive (HDD) 80c, such as a network interface card (NIC) 80d. Prepare. The HDD 80c stores an OS (Operating System) and application software programs, and the CPU 80a executes these programs to provide the functions described in this specification. The backbone server 8a does not need to be configured by a single computer, and the backbone server 8a may be realized by a plurality of computers cooperating via a network. The intermediate server 8b, the cold storage container server 8c, and the refrigerated storage server 8d basically have the same hardware configuration.

Next, the flow of the medicine 5 and information and processing in the present embodiment will be described focusing on the distribution between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3. In the following description, the distributor 2 is described as being divided into an operation center 2a and a distribution center 2b.
<Orders to delivery>
First, the flow from the order of the medicine 5 by the medical institution 3 to the delivery by the distributor 2 will be briefly described. In the medical institution 3 or the like, the number of stocks (set number and ordering points) for various medical products 5 is set and sent to the distribution center 2a of the distributor 2 in the form of a list. This information is transmitted to the backbone server 8a and the intermediate server 8b. Thereby, the target value of the stock quantity in the medical institution 3 is determined. The means for providing this list is not particularly limited, such as telephone, e-mail, and FAX.

  When the medicine 5 is taken out from the refrigerated storage 7 of the medical institution 3 or the like, the information is transmitted to the refrigerated storage server 8d. Further, the information is sent from the refrigerated storage server 8d to the backbone server 8a and the intermediate server 8b. Then, in the intermediate server 8b, the number of orders is calculated based on the inventory setting information, and an order is notified to the medical institution 3 or the like, and a delivery process is performed in the distribution center 2b from the intermediate server 8b via the backbone server 8a. The medicine 5 subjected to the delivery process is stored in the cold container 16 and shipped to the medical institution 3 or the like. At that time, after information related to the ID of the medicine 5 is input to the identification element 5 a, the identification element 5 a is attached to the medicine 5.

  Further, when stored in the cold container 16, information on the ID of the medicine 5 is read by the reading sensor 16 a of the cold container 16 and transmitted to the cold container server 8 c. Furthermore, transmission of the temperature history information in the cold container 16 from the temperature sensor 16a to the cold container server 8c is started. These pieces of information are also transmitted from the cold storage container server 8c to the intermediate server 8b. As a result, the number and types of medicines 5 to be delivered to the medical institution 3 are securely stored in the cold container 16 and the temperature in the cold container 16 is maintained in an appropriate temperature range included in the ID information. It is confirmed that

When the cold container 16 arrives at the medical institution 3 or the like, the medicine 5 is transferred from the cold container 16 to the refrigerated storage 17. This information is transmitted from the reading sensor 17a of the refrigerated storage 17 to the refrigerated storage server 8d, and is also transmitted from the storage server 8d to the intermediate server 8b and the backbone server 8a. At this time, the inventory quantity of the medical institution 3 in the intermediate server 8b is updated. Thereafter, the temperature history information in the refrigerated storage 17 is transmitted from the temperature sensor 17a to the refrigerated storage server 8d, and further transmitted to the intermediate server 8b. As a result, the number and type of medicines 5 corresponding to the number of stocks set by the medical institution 3 are surely stored in the refrigerated storage 17, and the temperature in the refrigerated storage 17 is included in the ID information. It is transmitted and recorded in real time to the intermediate server 8b that the temperature is maintained within a certain temperature range.

<Use-Billing>
When the medicine 5 is administered to the patient in the medical institution 3 or the like, the take-out person, the processing category, and the patient ID information are input by the input device provided in the refrigerated storage 17 and the medicine 5 is taken out. Then, the information is transmitted to the refrigerated storage server 8d and the intermediate server 8b. At that time, in the intermediate server 8b, information on the use of the medicine 5 is recorded and the inventory quantity is updated. Further, information on the use of the medicine 5 is transmitted to the basic server 8a, and a bill issuance process is performed in units of a billing deadline of each medical institution or the like.

  Next, the flow of return processing in this system example will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 are flowcharts showing the flow of return processing in this embodiment. The horizontal axis indicates the order of processing. The vertical axis indicates the subject of each process. In the return processing, first, at the medical institution 3 etc., when a request for return of the medicine 5 stored in the refrigerated storage 17 occurs (step S1 in the figure), the medical institution 3 etc. The operation center 2a is notified of a return request. This return request may be started from an active return proposal notification from the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3 or the like, and its means is not particularly limited, such as telephone, e-mail and FAX. Further, the return candidate list may be provided in advance from the operation center 2a of the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3 using means such as telephone, e-mail, and FAX.

  When a return request is received at the operation center 2a of the distributor 2 (step S2), as shown in step S3, the operation center 2a of the distributor 2 is contacted to the distribution center 2b, and an order related to automatic replenishment of the medicine 5 at the distribution center 2b. The point / set number is corrected. That is, in this step, when there is a request for return by the medical institution 3 or the like, it is detected that the medicine 5 has been taken out of the refrigerated storage 17 and the order is not automatically placed for replenishment. Yes. Thereby, as shown in step S4, information such as BOXID (ID for each package of medicine 5), set number, ordering point, product code, etc. is transmitted to the intermediate server 8b and recorded.

  Next, as shown in step S <b> 5, a person in charge belonging to the distribution center 2 b of the distributor 2 goes to the medical institution 3 with the cold container 16. And as shown to step S6, the input about returned goods is performed by the input device of the refrigerated storage 17 installed in the medical institution 3 or the like. This input may be performed by the medical institution 3 as shown in step S7. Then, the person in charge in the distribution center 2b of the distributor 2 takes out the medicine from the refrigerated storage 17 and moves it to the cold container 16 as shown in step S8.

  Then, as shown in step S9, the refrigerated storage server 8d reads time information and identification element data in the refrigerated storage 17 in addition to the BOXID, processing category, and product code of the medicine 5 taken out from the refrigerated storage 17. It is transmitted from the sensor 17a. At that time, the refrigerated storage server 8d performs return registration as shown in step S10.

Further, as shown in step S11, the BOX ID, the processing category, the product code, the time information, and the identification element data are also transmitted from the refrigerated storage server 8d to the intermediate server 8b.
In b, the return data is written in the record information memory as shown in step S12, and the inventory quantity in the inventory quantity memory is updated as shown in step S13.

  Next, the medicine 5 is moved from the refrigerated storage 17 to the cold storage container 16 and stored therein, and then moves to the distribution center 2b of the distributor 2. Here, even during the movement, information from the reading sensor 16a and the temperature sensor 16b of the cold container 16 is continuously transmitted and recorded in the cold container server 8c and the intermediate server 8b. Then, in the distribution center 2b of the distributor 2, as shown in step S14, the ID of the cold container 16 is input. Then, as shown in step S15, BOXID, time information, identification element data, and the like are transmitted to the cold insulation container server 8c in addition to the temperature history information at the time of delivery from the medical institution 3 or the like to the distribution center 2b of the distributor 2. The

  Next, in the operation center 2a of the distributor 2, the temperature history information is checked as shown in step S16. At that time, as shown in step S17, the temperature history information is stored in the record information memory while being associated with the information received in the cold insulation container server 8c.

  Next, as shown in step S18 in FIG. 5, the distribution center 2b determines whether or not a return (book entry) is possible. Here, in addition to the temperature history information, whether or not the product can be returned is determined based on expiration date information, distribution information, and the like. For example, in the temperature history information, the time when the ambient temperature of the medicine 5 is out of the temperature range (for example, 2 to 8 ° C.) determined by the ID information is 4 hours or less, and the temperature when the temperature is outside is 25 ° C. or less (in this case) , The degree of deviation is 17 ° C or less), and the remaining period until the expiration date is 6 months or more, and the medicine is not subject to packaging change or recall, Returns may be acceptable.

Although the specific numerical value is not limited to this value, even if it is judged whether or not the product can be returned based on at least one condition of the time out of the set temperature range, the degree of the time out, and the remaining period until the expiration date. Good. For example, in the temperature history information, when the ambient temperature of the medicine 5 is out of the temperature range (for example, 2-8 ° C, 1-30 ° C, 15-25 ° C, etc.) determined by the ID information, Regardless of the conditions, returned goods may not be accepted. In addition, it is desirable to determine the conditions for determining whether or not to allow the return in the above based on the package insert (specification) of the medicine 5 and GDP (Good Distribution Practice).

  In addition, the determination of whether or not the return can be made in step S18 may be automatically performed in the intermediate server 8b, and the result of the determination may be automatically displayed. Since all the information necessary for this determination is transmitted from the cold storage container server 8c and the refrigerated storage server 8d, it is determined whether the product can be returned by comparing the transmitted information with a separately stored threshold value. May be. In that case, the intermediate server 8b corresponds to the determination means in the present invention.

  If it is determined in step S18 that the product cannot be returned, the medicine 5 is stored again in the cold container 16 in step S19 and returned to the refrigerated storage 17 of the medical institution 3 or the like. Then, as shown in step S20, the refrigerated storage server 8d receives time information and identification element data as warehousing information in addition to the BOX ID, processing category, and product code of the medicine 5, and returns processing as shown in step S21. Is canceled.

  Furthermore, as shown in step S22, time information and identification element data are transmitted as warehousing information in addition to the BOX ID, processing category, and product code of the medicine 5 from the refrigerated storage server 8d to the intermediate server 8b. Then, as shown in step S23, the warehousing data is written in the record information memory in the intermediate server 8b, and the stock quantity in the stock quantity memory is updated as shown in step S24.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S18 that the product can be returned, the return is handled by the operation center 2a of the distributor 2 as shown in step S25, and the return is completed in the distribution center 2b of the distributor 2 as shown in step S26. Input is made. Thereby, as shown in step S27, BOXID, time information, identification element data, and the like are transmitted to the intermediate server 8b in addition to temperature information at the time of delivery from the medical institution 3 to the distribution center 2b of the distributor 2. Then, an operation result log is recorded as shown in step S28.

  As described above, according to the pharmaceutical inventory management system which is the premise of the present invention, even when there is a return request from a medical institution 3 etc. for a medicine in the specialty area, with a clear basis from the viewpoint of quality maintenance, It is possible to determine whether the product can be returned. As a result, it is possible to respond to the return request of the medical institution 3 and the like, and it is possible to reduce waste due to the disposal of the medicine 5 in the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3. It becomes possible to realize saving of social security resources.

In the pharmaceutical stock management system of the present embodiment, when determining the functional price a1 shown in FIG. 1, for example, the following costs are calculated and accumulated.
(A) Cost of identification element 5a (for example, RFID tag) used for at least individual medicine 5 or packaging of medicine 5 (b) Read sensor 6a, 7a, 16a, 17a, 36a, 37a and temperature sensor 6b , 7b, 16b, 17b, 36b, 37b, in order to ensure that the medicine 5 meets the environmental conditions defined for each medicine 5 and can be used, moved or returned Quality monitoring cost, which is a necessary cost (c) Network monitoring cost, which is a cost for monitoring whether or not the network is operating normally (d) The medicine 5 is stored and transported in the refrigerated containers 6, 16, 36, Further, the delivery cost (e), which is the cost required to store and store in the refrigerated storage 7, 17, 37, the identification element 5a is added to the medicine 5 in the distribution process. Distribution processing cost for installation and delivery (f) When repackaging and repacking medicine 5 in the distribution process, or when repackaging a plurality of subdivided medicines 5 as a set, work related to the subdivision or repackage , And distribution processing costs related to creation and management of new product codes

  Regarding the above costs, (a) the cost of the identification element 5a is clear from the purchase price of the RFID tag, for example. In addition, (b) the quality monitoring cost includes the purchase price of the cold storage containers 6, 16, and 36, the equipment depreciation cost of the refrigerated storage 7, 17, and 37, the energy cost related to their operation, When a person intervenes to judge quality, it can be clearly calculated from personnel costs. Further, (c) the network monitoring cost can be clearly calculated from the labor cost of a monitoring staff such as a system engineer. (D) Regarding the delivery cost, for example, the delivery time from the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 to the distributor 2, the storage time in the distributor 2, the delivery time from the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3, etc., the storage time in the medical institution 3, etc. It is possible to calculate clearly based on information from the reading sensors 6a, 7a, 16a, 17a, 36a, and 37a. Furthermore, (e) and (f) distribution processing costs can also be calculated from, for example, work for attaching the identification element 5a to a medicine, subdivision and repackaging of the medicine 5, work time for system registration work, and the like.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, depending on the product characteristics (drug price, number of patients, strict quality control required, packaging unit, dosage, indication, etc.) and product life cycle (PLC) of pharmaceutical 5 Necessary functions are calculated, and a purchase price between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2 and a selling price between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3 are determined. The above calculation logic is based on various circumstances such as the business relationship between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2, the medical institution 3, etc., the change in the drug price of the drug 5, the number of patients, and the change in the distribution form. It may be revised and reviewed as appropriate, and is not limited to the following logic.
・ Calculation of purchase price X1 from pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 to distributor 2 Purchase price X1 (yen) = drug price Z-function price a4 {function cost a41 x (drug price / number of patients coefficient) a42 x post-launch period coefficient) a43 } ・ ・ ・ ・ (1)
・ Calculation of sales price from distributor 2 to medical institution 3 etc. Sales price Y1 (yen) = purchase price X1 + function price a5 (dispensing request management cost + returned goods / resale management cost + automatic ordering / replenishment management cost + quality Management cost + Traceability management cost) + Profit a6 (2)

  FIG. 7 shows a calculation example of the function cost a41, the drug price / patient number coefficient a42, and the post-marketing period coefficient a43 in the above equation (1). As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the function cost a41 is, for example, an in-store function cost (shelf stacking, delivery, tag attachment, etc.), delivery function cost, network system management function cost, automatic ordering / replenishment management function cost. , Return / resale management function cost, quality management function cost, traceability management function cost, distribution processing function cost (subdivision / repackage etc.), account management function cost, billing / collection function cost, payout billing function cost, promotion function cost It is calculated by accumulating the payout data management function cost and the like.

  The drug price / patient number coefficient a42 is a coefficient derived from a table in which the drug price and the number of patients are related, as shown in FIG. 7B. Moreover, the period coefficient a43 after a product launch is a coefficient derived | led-out by the table linked | related with the elapsed time after a market launch, as shown in FIG.7 (c).

  As described above, by calculating the amount billed for the pharmaceutical 5 using the pharmaceutical inventory management system in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned cost can be clarified and the functional prices a4 and a5 of the pharmaceutical 5 can be clarified. It is possible to calculate and define. According to this, it becomes possible to shorten the determination period of the purchase price between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2 and the sales price between the distributor 2 and the medical institution 3 at the time of drug price revision, etc. It is possible to shorten or eliminate the period in which transactions are performed at a price. In addition, since the proper value of the medicine 5 itself can be easily calculated, it is easy to form a consensus among the medicine manufacturer 1, the distributor 2, the medical institution 3 and the like, and the negotiation cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the pharmaceutical 5 is a plurality of distributors 2 in the process of being delivered to the medical institution 3 due to the relationship between the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2, the medical institution 3, etc. In some cases, it is delivered to a medical institution 3 via Even in the calculation of the transaction price between the distributors 2 in this case, by clarifying the above costs, it is easy to form an agreement between the distributors 2, and it is possible to reduce the negotiation costs. Further, when the medical institution 3 is the patient's home, etc., and the medicine 5 is directly transported from the distributor 2 to the patient's home, etc. by the cold storage container 36 and managed by the refrigerated storage 37, the above cost Based on this, the patient or his / her insurer, or the drug manufacturer 1, the medical institution, or the insurance pharmacy may charge the distribution cost. In the future, the drug price and the distribution cost will be differentiated and charged in a more clarified form. It is good.

Furthermore, it becomes possible to visualize the distribution cost of the individual medicines 5 in the medical institution 3 and the like, to clarify the basis of the price, and to clearly grasp the actual consumption. Therefore, when the medical product 5 is consumed in the medical institution 3 or the like, the billing start timing can be used, and the request can be made promptly according to the different billing deadline for each medical institution 3 (that is, thorough billing at the time of withdrawal) Can be done). Also, after confirming the price at the time of delivery and the current price,
Furthermore, when the sold medicine is not yet consumed by a medical institution or the like, it is possible to improve the cash flow of the medical institution or the like 3 by not making a claim. The acquisition of each cost, the calculation of accumulation, and the derivation of the charge amount are automatically executed in each server of the information management apparatus 8 by a program stored in the HDD 80c in advance. Therefore, the information management device 8 corresponds to the bill deriving means in this embodiment.

  In FIG. 8, the functional block diagram of the pharmaceutical stock management system 10 concerning a present Example is shown. As described above, the pharmaceutical inventory management system 10 includes the environmental maintenance storage means for storing the pharmaceutical 5 while maintaining the environmental conditions, the storage environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental conditions in the environmental maintenance storage means, and the pharmaceutical 5 In the storage state detection means for detecting that the environmental maintenance storage means is stored, the environmental maintenance transport means capable of transporting the pharmaceutical 5 while maintaining the environmental conditions according to the pharmaceutical, and the environmental maintenance transport means Transportation environment detection means for acquiring information relating to environmental conditions, transportation state detection means for detecting that the medicine 5 is transported by the environmental maintenance transportation means, storage environment detection means, storage state detection means, transportation environment detection And a billing amount deriving unit for deriving a billing amount to the delivery destination of the medicine based on the detection information from the transportation state detection unit and the like. To have.

  And as mentioned above, an environmental maintenance storage means is implement | achieved by the refrigerated storage 7, 17, 37 as an example. The storage environment detection means is realized by temperature sensors 7b, 17b, and 37b as an example. The storage state detection means is realized by the reading sensors 7a, 17a, 37a and the identification element 5a as an example. The environmental maintenance transport means is realized by the cold storage containers 6, 16, and 36 as an example. A conveyance environment detection means is implement | achieved by temperature sensor 6b, 16b, 36b as an example. The conveyance state detection means is realized by the reading sensors 6a, 16a, 36a and the identification element 5a as an example. Further, the bill derivation means is realized by including the CPU 80a of each server of the information management device 8. Various data, tables, and programs used by the claim derivation means are stored in the HDD 80c of each server.

  Next, management of the purchase time and consumption time of the medicine 5 by each medical institution 3 in the medicine stock management system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the purchase timing and consumption timing of the drug 5 and the billing contents in the drug inventory management system 10 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 9, when the medicine 5 is delivered to the medical institution 3 through the pharmaceutical manufacturer 1 and the distributor 2, the medication is administered to the patient 4 between the previous closing date and the current closing date of the medical institution 3. The quantity of the consumed (consumed) medicine 5 is acquired, and the amount charged to the medical institution 3 is automatically calculated from this information.

  More specifically, from the information of the reading sensor 17a, the medical institution or the like 3 is discharged from the refrigerated storage 17 and administered to the patient 4 during the period up to the current closing date after the previous closing date. The amount charged is calculated by detecting the quantity of the medicine 5 stored in the cold storage container 36 and stored in the refrigerated storage 37 of the patient 4's home or discarded, and multiplying by the sales price Y1 yen as of the delivery date. , Request to medical institution 3. In addition, the unused medicine 5 stored in the refrigerated storage 17 and the medicine 5 returned using the return processing described above are not subject to claims. According to this, in conjunction with the closing date of medical institution 3 etc., the billing amount of medicine 5 consumed between the previous closing date and the current closing date can be calculated more easily and the claim procedure can be performed. Is possible. In the above, the period between the previous closing date and the current closing date corresponds to the predetermined period in the present invention.

Here, according to the distribution mode of the conventional medicine 5, as shown in FIG. 9, when the medicine 5 having the same product, the same lot, and the same expiration date is purchased by the medical institution 3 before and after the drug price revision, etc. In addition, the medicine 5 purchased at time A and the medicine 5 purchased at time B
Since it becomes indistinguishable inside the refrigerated storage 17, it becomes unclear which medicine 5 was consumed first, and on the closing date, which price before and after the drug price revision should be charged (in FIG. 9, Z1 yen or Z2 yen) may be unknown.

  On the other hand, in the information management device 8 as the bill derivation means according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the medicine 5 purchased at the time point A and the medicine 5 purchased at the time point B are stored in the refrigerated storage 17. The time when the goods are received and the time when they are delivered are automatically identified individually. Therefore, it is possible to clearly trace that the medicines 5 purchased at the time A are consumed at the time C, and the medicines 5 purchased at the time B are consumed at the time D, and the amount charged for each medicine 5 can be clearly defined. Is possible. Further, in the calculation of the invoice amount, it is possible to more reliably apply the drug price and the sales price at the time of purchase of the medical institution 3 or the like (when the medicine 5 is stored in the refrigerated storage 17 of the medical institution). In addition, this also provides guidance to medical institutions 3 on the principle of first-in first-out purchase of purchased drugs 5, calculation of drug use costs for each department at medical institutions 3 and collation of inventories. Business efficiency and accuracy can be guaranteed.

  Next, an application example of the pharmaceutical stock management system 10 according to the present embodiment when a plurality of refrigerated storages are installed in the medical institution 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, in the medical institution 3 or the like, refrigerated storages B to D are installed in addition to the refrigerated storage A that is installed in the drug department or the like for determining consumption. In such a case, conventionally, the distributor 2 confirms the stock of the medicine 5 in the refrigerated storage A, and the time when the medicine 5 is delivered from the refrigerated storage A, that is, the time of withdrawal is used as a reference. From the previous closing date, it is conceivable that the medicine 5 dispensed during the current closing date is targeted for billing. FIG. 11 shows an example of the inventory discrimination logic based on the date and time in the refrigerator storage A. In FIG. 11, a line graph indicates the number of stocks. The number of cells at the left end of the figure indicates the number of stocks at the end of N month, which is the previous closing date, and the number of cells at the right end of the drawing indicates the number of inventory items at the end of N + 1, which is the current closing date. On the middle day of the month, the lower square indicates the number of outgoing (payout), and the upper square indicates the incoming number. As shown in FIG. 11, paying attention to the receipt and delivery (dispensing) of the refrigerated storage A, multiplying the total number of payouts in the refrigerated storage A from the end of N month to the end of N + 1 month by the unit price. The amount may be calculated.

  However, in the case of the billing calculation algorithm as described above, the medicine 5 is actually transferred from the refrigerated storage A to any one of the refrigerated storages B to D, and is not consumed. Nevertheless, it may be recognized that the medicine 5 has been consumed with the fact that it has been delivered from the refrigerated storage A, and a charge may be made. And after invoicing, the pharmaceutical 5 may be moved again from the refrigerated storages B to D to the refrigerated storage A, which may cause inconvenience that it is understood that the pharmaceutical 5 was not intended for consumption. obtain.

  On the other hand, in the information management device 8 as the bill derivation means according to the present embodiment, the refrigerated storage A is used as a criterion for determining consumption, which is equivalent to the above case, but on the closing date, the refrigerated storage Based on the signals of the reading sensors 17a in the warehouses B to D, after confirming the contents stored in the refrigerated warehouses B to D, only the medicines 5 consumed as a whole of the medical institutions 3 are automatically charged. To do. Thereby, it is possible to prevent erroneous billing for the medicine 5 that is not actually consumed, and to make the billing operation more efficient.

An example of an algorithm for specifying the billing object by the information management apparatus 8 in this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an algorithm for confirming the stock of the medicine 5 in the refrigerated storage A and specifying the billing object with reference to the time of paying out from the refrigerated storage A. FIG. 13 illustrates an algorithm for identifying the billing object after confirming the storage contents in the refrigerated storages BD based on the signal of the reading sensor 17a in the refrigerated storages BD on the closing date. It is a figure to do.

  In FIG. 12, the intermediate server 8b acquires the number of stocks at the end of each last day (closing date) of the refrigerated storage A (consumption judgment target) from the refrigerated storage server 8d. Then, for each identification element 5a (assuming that it is an RFID in this example), it is checked against the sales price acquired from the core server 8a, and the amount charged by multiplying the number of RFIDs to be charged by the sales price Is calculated. In this case, for example, the RFID 4 is only moved from the refrigerated storage A to the refrigerated storage B between the end of N and the end of N + 1. It becomes.

  The RFID 18 is billed because it was received and dispensed into the refrigerated storage A between the end of N and the end of N + 1. On the other hand, RFID1 is not subject to billing because it continues to be stored in the refrigerator storage A between the end of N and the end of N + 1. The RFID 3 is returned between the end of N and the end of N + 1, but in this case, it is not subject to billing. Since the RFID 17 is stored and stored in the refrigerated storage A between the end of N and the end of N + 1, it is not subject to billing. Thus, in the conventional algorithm shown in FIG. 12, the RFID 4 becomes a billing target even though it is not actually consumed.

  Next, the algorithm of FIG. 13 will be described. In FIG. 13, in addition to the inventory quantity of the refrigerated warehouse A (consumption judgment) from the refrigerated warehouse server 8d, the inventory quantity of the refrigerated warehouses B, C, and D as of the end of N (the closing date) Is calculated and collated with the sales price acquired from the core server 8a for each RFID, and the amount charged is calculated by multiplying the number of RFIDs to be charged by the sales price. In this case, for example, the RFID 7 is not stored or dispensed in the refrigerated storage A between the end of N and the end of N + 1, but is stored in the refrigerated storage B and is therefore charged. . Since the RFID 18 was received and dispensed into the refrigerated storage A between the last day of N and the last day of N + 1, it is charged as in the case of FIG. RFID1 is not subject to billing as in FIG. 12, since it is continuously stored in the refrigerator storage A between the end of N and the end of N + 1. Since the RFID 3 is returned between the last day of N and the last day of N + 1, it is not subject to billing as in FIG.

  The RFID 4 is only moved from the refrigerated storage A to the refrigerated storage B between the end of N and the end of N + 1, and is not paid out because it is not paid out from the refrigerated storage B. Since the RFID 11 continues to be stored in the refrigerated storage C between the end of N and the end of N + 1, it is not charged. The RFID 16 is paid out from the refrigerated storage D between the end of N and the end of N + 1, and is returned after the payout. As a result, the RFID 16 is stored in the refrigerated storage D, and therefore is not charged. Further, since the RFID 17 is stored and stored in the refrigerated storage A between the end of N and the end of N + 1, it is not subject to billing. As described above, in the algorithm according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 13, a medicine that has just moved between refrigerated warehouses, such as RFID 4, is not subject to billing.

As mentioned above, by ensuring the accuracy of the method that uses the time of withdrawal within the medical institution 3 as the start date of the claim, the risk of sudden changes in the patient's physical condition or unexpected drug changes is higher than in other product categories. As for inventory management of specialty medicines 5 that tend to be difficult to adapt to inventory management based on prescription statistics, medical institutions 3 need to treat patients without worrying about inventory risk, cash flow deterioration, work load, etc. It is possible to always stock the necessary amount of the necessary medicine 5. In addition, when regulations on consignment inventory under the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act, etc. will change in the future, and the placement requirements for managed pharmacists will be relaxed, naturally the effectiveness of this method will be further provided by medical institutions 3 It becomes possible. Note that the medical institution 3 may be a patient's home, etc., and the charge for the amount of the medicine 5 to be dispensed from the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3 is billed by communication means such as electronic settlement, credit settlement Any means such as automatic transfer via a financial institution, automatic account withdrawal, bills, cash, etc. may be used.

  In addition, according to the pharmaceutical inventory management system 10 according to the above-described embodiment, even when analyzing the cost-effectiveness (drug price and outcome in patient treatment) for determining the value of the drug, based on the actual accurate sales price. Thus, it is possible to link the outcome evaluation of each individual patient, and it is possible to obtain more accurate drug price setting data.

  For example, as the basis for determining drug prices, the survey results of market prices (sales prices from distributors 2 to medical institutions 3) for a certain period before drug price revisions by the government are used. Price data from distributor 2 to medical institution 3, etc. obtained from the survey is the result of surveys at medical institutions 3, etc., with a limited number of parameters, and all sales price data for pharmaceuticals 5 are not reflected In addition, there is a problem that the survey cost for this survey is large.

  In addition, in the joint purchasing organization 9 (including the regional medical cooperation promotion corporation), the medicine 5 is purchased from the distributor 2 in a lump and sold to the affiliated medical institutions 3 etc., but in this case There is a problem that it is not possible to accurately specify the exact sales price of the medicine 5 and the patient 4 in which the medicine 5 is used.

  Furthermore, there has been no means for accurately grasping the quality control status of the medicine 5 from the distributor 2 to the medical institution 3 and the patient 4, especially the quality control state of the medicine 5 from the medical institution 3 to the patient's home. There is a problem in that it is impossible to acquire data on what quality control has been distributed, managed and used up to the patient 4.

In response to the above problem, in the pharmaceutical inventory management system 10 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the accurate sales price of the pharmaceutical 5 at the time of delivery of the identification element 5 a attached to the pharmaceutical 5 from the distributor 2 The quality control status of the medicine 5 in each distribution process such as storage, delivery, etc., and also stored in the server (electronic medical record, ordering system, receipt processing system, electronic medicine history, electronic medicine notebook, etc.) possessed by the medical institution 3 etc. In addition, the outcome data of the patient 4 in which the medicine 5 is used (clinical data and the patient's own QOL, for example, EQ-5D: Euro QO
L 5 dimensions, etc.) in a timely manner makes it possible to determine an appropriate drug price based on an accurate sales price, quality control status, and patient 4 outcome data. As a result, it is possible to optimize medical costs, which are social costs, as well as irregular drug price revisions for expensive drugs 5, etc., in addition to drug price revisions that are usually implemented once every two years. It is possible to respond. As the outcome data of the patient 4, data held by the country, local government, or insurer may be used, or the distributor 2 may own these outcome data by itself.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 15, processing from calculation of a billing amount to issuing a bill in the pharmaceutical stock management system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 15 shows a case where, for example, a medicine 5 having an identifier ID A and a medicine having an identifier ID B are consumed between the closing date of N month and the closing date of N + 1 month. The pharmaceutical inventory management system 10 recognizes that the medicine 5 is recognized as being stored in the refrigerated storage 17 on the closing date of N month, and is stored in the refrigerated storage 17 on the closing date of N + 1 month. The information on the medicine 5 is read from the refrigerated storage server 8d. Then, the intermediate server 8b performs automatic collation processing of both information, and automatically calculates the consumed product (medicine 5) for the current month (N + 1 month).

Further, by accessing the sales price data that has already been automatically calculated and stored in the basic server 8a and multiplying the consumed quantity by the sales price of each consumed medicine 5, the billing amount for the current month is automatically calculated. For automatic issuance of invoices, in the intermediate server 8b, out of the medical institutions 3 etc., the medical institutions 3 etc. that are not specified in the invoice format and the invoice masters of the medical institutions 3 that are specified in the invoice format 3 Are automatically assigned and applied. More specifically, among the medical institutions 3 etc., for the medical institutions 3 that are not specified in the bill format, a bill is automatically issued by the intermediate server 8b. On the other hand, for medical institutions 3 designated in the bill format, bills are automatically issued by the billing system stored in the backbone server 8a.

  Further, in the pharmaceutical stock management system 10 according to the present embodiment, when identifying the time of dispensing, it is possible to automatically identify using the signal from the identification element 5a. There is no need to go through the process of generating work, and work efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the medicine 5 can be automatically identified using the signal from the identification element 5a in the warehousing process, it is possible to improve the efficiency of operations required for receiving the medicine 5 delivered from the distributor 2 and checking the inspection. It becomes possible.

  In addition, the invention according to the present embodiment may be a drug inventory management system 10 that manages the drug 5 as a whole group including a plurality of medical institutions, insurance pharmacies, homes, and the like. This group may be associated with a region, or may be formed according to a management / transaction form such as an affiliated hospital. Furthermore, it may be a group specially set for pharmaceutical management regardless of the region or management form. Thereby, also when moving the pharmaceutical 5 between medical institutions etc. which belong to an area or a group, it becomes possible to show the effect of the present invention.

  In the above-described embodiments, the example in which the environmental condition required for the management of the pharmaceutical 5 is the ambient temperature of the pharmaceutical 5 has been described. However, the present invention is an environmental condition required for the management of the pharmaceutical 5. May be applied when is another condition. For example, the present invention may be applied to the case where humidity, illuminance, impact, vibration, atmospheric pressure, or a combination of conditions including temperature are set as environmental conditions required for management of the pharmaceutical 5.

  Further, the processing in the above embodiment may be automatically processed systematically by each of the above servers based on a predetermined program as much as possible, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The present invention also includes an invention as a method of manually executing the processing according to the above with human resources.

  In the description of the present specification, the pharmaceutical 5 is an anticancer agent, a hemophilia therapeutic agent, a biologic, a plasma fractionation product, a vaccine formulation, a companion diagnostic agent, a rare disease formulation, a regenerative medicine product, or the like. Although the description has been made on the assumption that the drug is a specialty drug, the object to which the present invention is applied may be applied to drugs, medical materials, medical devices, test reagents, and investigational drugs other than the specialty drug.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pharmaceutical manufacturer 2 ... Distributor 3 ... Medical institution etc. 4 ... Patient 5 ... Pharmaceutical 5a ... Identification element 6, 16, 36 ... Cold storage container 6a, 16a, 36a ... Reading sensors 6b, 16b, 36b ... Temperature sensors 7, 17, 37 ... Refrigerated storage 7a, 17a, 37a ... Reading sensors 7b, 17b, 37b ... Temperature sensors 8 ... Information management device 8a ... backbone server 8b ... intermediate server 8c ... cold storage container server 8d ... refrigerated storage server 9 ... joint purchase organization etc. 10 ... pharmaceutical inventory management system

Claims (8)

Environmental maintenance storage means for storing pharmaceuticals while maintaining the environmental conditions according to the pharmaceuticals;
Storage environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental conditions in the environment maintenance storage means;
Storage state detection means for detecting that the medicine is stored by the environmental maintenance storage means;
An environmental maintenance transport means capable of transporting the medicine while maintaining environmental conditions according to the medicine; a transport environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental condition in the environmental maintenance transport means;
A transport state detecting means for detecting that the medicine is transported by the environmental maintenance transport means;
Claim amount derivation for deriving a charge amount to the drug delivery destination based on detection information by at least one of the storage environment detection unit, the storage state detection unit, the transport environment detection unit, and the transport state detection unit Means, and
The bill derivation means is detected by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the pharmaceutical product to have been delivered from the environmental maintenance storage means at the delivery destination in a predetermined period. A pharmaceutical inventory management system characterized in that the pharmaceutical product is billed.   The billing amount deriving unit applies the drug price and the selling price at the time when the storage state detection unit detects that the medicine to be charged has been received in the environmental maintenance storage unit of the delivery destination. The pharmaceutical stock management system according to claim 1, wherein an amount is derived.   The bill derivation means is a storage of the medicine to the delivery destination based on detection information from at least one of the storage environment detection means, the storage state detection means, the transport environment detection means, and the transport state detection means. 3. The pharmaceutical inventory management system according to claim 1, wherein a delivery cost is calculated, and a charge amount of the medicine is derived based on the delivery cost in the warehouse. A plurality of the environmental maintenance storage means are installed at the delivery destination,
The bill derivation means detects that the delivery has been made from the environmental maintenance storage means of the delivery destination in a predetermined period by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the medicine. The medical product detected at the end of the predetermined period and stored in the other environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination is not subject to claim. The pharmaceutical inventory management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Environmental maintenance storage means for storing pharmaceuticals while maintaining the environmental conditions according to the pharmaceuticals;
Storage environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental conditions in the environment maintenance storage means;
Storage state detection means for detecting that the medicine is stored by the environmental maintenance storage means;
An environmental maintenance transport means capable of transporting the medicine while maintaining environmental conditions according to the medicine; a transport environment detection means for acquiring information on the environmental condition in the environmental maintenance transport means;
A method for determining the amount billed to a delivery destination of the medicine using a medicine inventory management system comprising a transportation state detection means for detecting that the medicine is being transported by the environmental maintenance transportation means,
Claims the medicine detected by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the pharmaceutical product from the environmental maintenance storage means of the delivery destination for a predetermined period. A method for determining a bill for a pharmaceutical product characterized by the above.   6. The billing amount is derived by applying a drug price and a sales price at the time when it is detected by the storage state detection unit that the product is received in the environmental maintenance storage unit of the delivery destination. How to determine the amount of pharmaceutical bills for your child.   Based on detection information from at least one of the storage environment detection unit, the storage state detection unit, the transport environment detection unit, and the transport state detection unit, the inside of the medicine to the delivery destination and the delivery cost are calculated. The method of determining a bill for a medicine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the bill for the medicine is derived based on the delivery cost in the warehouse. A plurality of the environmental maintenance storage means are installed at the delivery destination,
The pharmaceutical product detected by the storage state detection means in the environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination of the pharmaceutical product, from the environmental maintenance storage means of one of the delivery destinations in a predetermined period, The pharmaceutical product in a state of being stored in any of the other environmental maintenance storage means installed at the delivery destination at the end of the predetermined period is not subject to billing. A method for determining an amount claimed for a medicine according to one item.

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