JP2018044385A - Opening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening structure that uses a form panel comprising a heat insulation layer capable of being suitably used for execution of work for forming a window and the like in an exterior wall of a building.SOLUTION: In an opening structure using a form panel 3 comprising a heat insulation layer 1, a cover member 4 having a groove part 41 and an embedded part 42 for being embedded in concrete is arranged such that the groove part 41 is fitted on a peripheral edge of an opening 50 that is provided in a form 5 formed of the form panel 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening structure using a formwork panel provided with a heat insulating layer that can be suitably used for construction for forming a window or the like on an outer wall of a building.

Conventionally, in order to improve the heat insulating property of the outer wall of a building, a concrete structure in which a heat insulating layer in which a heat insulating material is arranged is formed on the inner side of the exterior material is widely known. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 propose a method of using a material as a formwork for placing concrete.
However, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is described in the specification (paragraph 0015, etc.) that an exterior material (a decorative plate for an outer wall) is attached after placing concrete, so that the outer wall is used as it is after placing concrete. It does not have the advantage that it can be used.
Further, Patent Document 2 describes that a heat insulating material (heat insulating board 11) and an exterior base material (exterior base material 12) are stacked and used as a heat insulating panel for a formwork.

JP 2010-150871 A Japanese Patent No. 4931463

However, when forming an opening for the purpose of forming a window or the like on the outer wall, according to the specification as in Patent Document 1, the insulating material is notched (cut out) after concrete placement and hardening, exterior finishing, opening finishing. However, since the heat insulating material was cut from the outside, it was very time-consuming and also time-consuming to finish.
Further, in the specification as in Patent Document 2, the work is more difficult because the exterior base material is provided integrally with the heat insulating material.
Further, since it requires an operation of driving a frame or the like for attaching a window or the like into the concrete after opening the opening, it is very troublesome.

  Then, an object of this invention is to propose the opening part structure using a formwork panel provided with the heat insulation layer which can be used suitably for the construction which forms a window etc. in the outer wall of a building.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and is an opening structure using a formwork panel including a heat insulating layer, and a cover member having a groove part and an embedded part embedded in concrete is formed by the formwork panel. The present invention relates to an opening structure characterized in that the groove is arranged in a fitting manner at the periphery of the opening provided in the mold to be formed.

  According to the present invention, in the opening structure, the formwork panel includes a decorative material and a heat insulating layer, and the decorative material is connected to a spacing member in the concrete placing step. A part structure is also proposed.

  In the opening structure of the present invention, a cover member having a groove portion and an embedded portion embedded in concrete is formed so that the groove portion is fitted on the periphery of the opening portion provided in the mold formed by the mold panel. Although it is the structure to arrange | position, the edge of the heat insulation layer (heat insulation material) which forms a formwork panel in that case is protected by the groove part of a cover member, and does not require the makeup after construction.

  Further, the formwork panel is composed of a decorative material and a heat insulating layer, and when the decorative material is connected to the interval holding member in the concrete placing process, the decorative material bears the concrete placing pressure on the decorative material. Therefore, a heat insulating material with low strength can be used.

(A) Sectional view seen from above showing the left and right ends of the opening structure in the concrete placing process of the present invention, (b) Side sectional view seen from the right showing the upper and lower ends of the opening structure in the concrete placing process (C) It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the used cover member, (d) It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the supporting material used. (A) It is a disassembled perspective view of the cover member arrange | positioned in the periphery of an opening part, (b) The top view which shows the assembly | attachment state of a cover member (only the cover member in an opening part structure is shown). (A) A plan view showing the peripheral edge of the opening, (b) a cross-sectional view showing the left and right ends of the opening, as viewed from above, (c) a cross-sectional view of the cosmetic material above or below the opening, and the bottom is the opening Cross-sectional view of the decorative material (on the side of the opening) in the section, (d) a cross-sectional view showing the two types of decorative materials used in an enlarged manner, (e) a cross-sectional view seen from the right showing the upper and lower ends of the opening (F) It is a sectional side view of a decorative material. (A) The perspective view which shows the formwork which has the opening part formed in a formwork panel, (b) The perspective view which shows the state which attached the cover member and the support material to this formwork panel, (c) The back side It is the perspective view seen from. (A) It is sectional drawing seen from the upper side which shows the right-and-left end of the opening part structure after construction, (b) It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the sash to this opening part structure.

  The opening structure of the present invention is an opening structure using a form panel provided with a heat insulating layer, and a cover member having a groove part and an embedded part embedded in concrete is formed by the form panel. The groove is arranged in a fitting manner on the periphery of the opening provided in the cover.

The formwork panel in the present invention is provided with a heat insulating layer as described above, and may be composed of only a heat insulating material as long as strength as a form is obtained. A configuration in which an exterior material) or a reinforcing material is laminated may be used.
In addition, as the heat insulating material forming the heat insulating layer, any material can be applied as long as it does not rupture due to the casting pressure of concrete, and even if it is composed of a single layer, two or more heat insulating materials having different characteristics May be laminated, or a material using a separate reinforcing material or the like may be used.

In addition, as a decorative material (exterior material) laminated on the outer surface side of the heat insulating material, a face plate portion serving as a decorative surface and a fixing portion capable of connecting a spacing member to the back surface side of the face plate portion in a concrete placing process. What is included is desirable, and other configurations are not particularly limited.
The material and the molding method are not limited, and face materials of various materials can be applied. A metal face material or a hard resin plate may be used, or an extrusion mold material such as aluminum may be used. The thickness is not limited, but generally the thickness is 1.2 to 1.6 mm or more, and the surface is not distorted or deformed even if some stress such as concrete pouring pressure is applied. It is more desirable to have
In the illustrated embodiment to be described later, a decorative material is used in which a fixing portion is provided on one side and two types of decorative materials not provided on the other are alternately connected, but only one type or three or more types may be used.
In addition, in particular for decorative materials made of extruded molds due to various problems, a width of about 200 mm is generally used (practical), and a plurality of decorative materials are usually added to a heat insulating material formed to a width of nearly 1 m. It will be set up. In this way, one wall material may be attached to the integral heat insulating material. However, due to the above-described problem of the molding width, a method of attaching a plurality of wall materials to the integral heat insulating material. Is easy to be taken. And there also exists an aspect which attaches two or more types of wall materials alternately with respect to an integral heat insulating material like the example of illustration.

The fixing portion provided on the back surface side of the face plate portion of the decorative material will be briefly described as long as the end portion of a spacing member (bar-shaped member) called a separator can be connected. For example, the spacing member can be a bolt material. In this case, a plate-like material with various square nuts and a plurality of female screw parts arranged as a fixing material, or a piece to be polymerized with a thick wall and tapped (female screw processing) But you can.
In particular, a space portion that is open to the side or the back surface side may be provided on the back surface side of the face plate portion, and a fixing material (various square nuts) having a screw portion may be attached in the space portion to form the fixing portion. When a general-purpose nut is used, the nut head has a square shape, so that it is possible to prevent co-rotation (spinning) when the bolt material is attached. In addition, it is desirable to interpose a cushioning material for preventing contact between the fixing material and the decorative material in the space portion. This buffer material may be the same material as the heat insulating material, or may be an elastic material such as rubber.
In the concrete placing process, the interval holding member (bar-shaped member) connected to the fixing portion of the decorative material is, as described above, when the fixing portion has a female screw portion such as a nut, the interval holding member ( What is necessary is just to use the bolt material etc. which are provided with a male screw part as a rod-shaped member.
In this way, when the fixing portion is provided on the back surface side of the decorative material and the interval holding member disposed in the concrete placement space is connected to the fixing portion, noro leaks from the back surface side of the formwork panel. Even if it does so, since leaking out of a slot can be prevented, a troublesome process and finishing work are not required after concrete placement, and it can use as it is as a cosmetic material (exterior material).
However, since the interval holding member used around the opening in the illustrated embodiment described later is not located in the concrete placement space, the above-mentioned problem of no problem does not occur. In other words, the above-mentioned problem of noro occurs in the general part except around the opening.

The cover member used in the present invention has a groove portion and an embedded portion embedded in concrete as described above, and may be a high-strength material such as an aluminum extruded body of aluminum, or an auxiliary assisting the strength. When using a formwork in combination, a relatively low-strength material such as a thin metal plate or a hard resin molding may be used.
The groove portion is a horizontal groove or a vertical groove that is open on one side, and the shape or the like is not particularly limited as long as the end portion of the formwork panel is accommodated therein.
In addition, since the embedded portion is embedded in the concrete to be placed, it is sufficient that it is disposed in the concrete placement space, and the shape thereof is not particularly limited. Since it is desirable that the contact area is large, a piece having a large surface area is preferable, and the anchoring action is preferably provided with a shape such as a hook shape or a reverse shape.

  In addition, the auxiliary formwork is attached to the end part of the formwork panel together with the cover member, and particularly if it has a high strength capable of bearing the concrete placing pressure acting on the cover member. The material and shape are not limited. For example, wood having a rectangular cross section (substantially square pillar shape) or the like may be used. However, in the illustrated embodiment described later, a continuous material having a U-shaped cross section made of FRP is used. This auxiliary form can be removed and used repeatedly after placing concrete.

And when combining the cover member of the said structure and the formwork panel of the said structure, the said groove part is fitted to the periphery of the opening part provided in the formwork formed with the said formwork panel. It arranges in. That is, the opening refers to a space for forming a window or the like on the outer wall. When the space (opening) is rectangular in plan view, the formwork panels are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions of the opening, respectively. In this case, the groove is disposed in a fitted manner around the periphery of the opening, in other words, the cover member is arranged so that the groove is arranged in the fitted shape.
Specifically, the cover member is positioned at the lower end of the formwork panel disposed above the opening, and the groove portion forms the upper edge of the opening, and is disposed below the opening. The cover member is positioned at the upper end of the formwork panel, and the groove portion forms the lower edge of the opening. In addition, a mold is disposed on the right side of the opening, with the cover member positioned at the right end of the mold panel disposed on the left side of the opening, and the groove forming the left edge of the opening. The cover member is positioned at the left end of the frame panel, and the groove portion forms the right edge of the opening.

  As described above, the opening structure of the present invention uses a formwork panel having a heat insulating layer as a concrete formwork, and a cover member having a groove part and an embedded part embedded in concrete is formed by the formwork panel. When the opening is rectangular in a plan view, the mold is respectively formed in the vertical direction and the left-right direction of the opening. The panel is disposed to form the opening, and at this time, the cover member is arranged so that the groove is disposed in a fitting manner. Therefore, the edge of the heat insulation layer (heat insulation material) which forms a formwork panel is protected by the groove part of a cover member, and does not require the makeup after construction.

  In addition, when the formwork panel is composed of a decorative material and a heat insulating layer, and the decorative material is connected to the spacing member in the concrete placing process, the concrete placing pressure can be borne by the decorative material, Low thermal insulation can be used.

The opening structure of the present invention uses a formwork panel 3 having a heat insulating layer (heat insulating material 1) as in the illustrated embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (a), and is embedded in the groove 41 and concrete. The cover member 4 (4A, 4B) having the portion 42 is disposed on the periphery (here, the left and right edges) of the vertically long and rectangular opening 50 provided in the mold 5 formed by the mold panel 3. It is the structure which has arrange | positioned the groove part 41 in the covering shape. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the left and right ends in the concrete placing process as viewed from above, and FIG. 1B is a side cross-sectional view of the upper and lower ends as viewed from the side. Reference numeral 90 indicated by dotted line hatching indicates a concrete placement space.
As will be described later, in this illustrated embodiment, a rectangular opening is provided by disposing form panels 3 and 3 having normal vertical dimensions and form panels 3 'and 3' having small vertical dimensions. 1 (b) uses a formwork panel 3 ′ having a heat insulating layer (heat insulating material 1 ′), and has a groove portion 41 ′ and an embedded portion embedded in concrete. 42 'and a cover member 4 (4C, 4D) having a longitudinally long and rectangular opening 50 provided in the mold 5 formed by the mold panel 3' on the periphery (here, the upper and lower edges). A configuration in which the groove 41 ′ is disposed in a fitting manner ”.
In more detail, the opening 50 has a rectangular shape in a plan view having a lateral width substantially equal to the lateral width of the heat insulating materials 1 and 1 ′ as shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 4, the formwork panels 3 and 3 'in the illustrated embodiment are heat insulating materials 1 and 1' which are vertically long and substantially rectangular in plan view, and decorative materials (exterior materials) 2 and 2 laminated on the surface thereof. More specifically, it has a configuration in which two types of decorative materials 2A and 2B (2A ′ and 2B ′) are alternately laminated on a single heat insulating material 1 and 1 ′.
Since the rectangular opening 50 is vertically long as described above, the form panels 3 and 3 adjacent to the left and right are exactly the same as a general outer wall that does not form the opening 50. The form panels 3 ′ and 3 ′ adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the part 50 are not different except that the lengths in the vertical direction are shorter than the form panels 3 arranged on the left and right of the opening 50. In other words, the opening 50 having a rectangular shape in plan view is formed by disposing the formwork panels 3 and 3 having normal vertical dimensions and the formwork panels 3 ′ and 3 ′ having small vertical dimensions. ing.

The left and right edges of the heat insulating material 1 can be polymerized in a laminar form by cutting out one from the front surface side and the other from the back surface side. An edge 12 that is superposed with the superposed part 11 is a polymerized part. In addition, the upper and lower end edges are cut into a substantially flat shape.
In addition, as described above, the form panels 3 and 3 adjacent to the left and right of the opening 50 are distinguished from the form panels 3 ′ and 3 ′ adjacent to the upper and lower sides thereof. Although the heat insulating material 1 ′ for forming the formwork panel 3 ′ is formed, there is no difference except that the size in the vertical direction is shorter than that of the heat insulating material 1 disposed on the left and right of the opening 50.

Of the decorative material 2, the first decorative material 2 </ b> A shown on the left side of FIG. 3 (d) is configured to include a space portion 24 on the back surface side of the face plate portion 21 serving as a finished surface. It is an aluminum extrusion mold member provided with protrusions 211 projecting to the surface side in a substantially T-shape, and having engaging portions 22 and engaging receiving portions 23 at opposing edges. The second decorative material 2B shown on the right side of the figure is the same as the first decorative material 2A in that a protrusion 211 protruding to the surface side in a substantially T shape is provided at the approximate center of the face plate portion 21. An engaging portion 25 and an engaging receiving portion 26 are provided at the opposing edges. A protrusion having the same shape as the protrusion 211 is provided on the surface side of the engaging portions 22 and 25.
And as shown in FIG.3 (c), the engaging part 22 of the said 1st decorative material 2A and the engaging receiving part 26 of the 2nd decorative material 2B are assembled | attached in the engagement form, and a substantially U-shaped space part. 24 is formed, and the engagement receiving portion 23 of the first decorative material 2A and the engagement portion 25 of the second decorative material 2B are assembled in an engaged manner. The space portion 24 accommodates a fixing material 7b such as a nut indicated by a dotted line and a buffer material 7c to form a fixing portion.
In addition, as described above, the form panels 3 and 3 adjacent to the left and right of the opening 50 are distinguished from the form panels 3 ′ and 3 ′ adjacent to the upper and lower sides thereof. Although the decorative materials 2A ′ and 2B ′ forming the formwork panel 3 ′ are formed, there is no difference except that the size in the vertical direction is shorter than the decorative materials 2A and 2B arranged on the left and right of the opening 50. . Accordingly, the decorative material 2 ′ (2A ′, 2B ′) having a short vertical dimension is located at the center of the upper stage of FIG. 3 (c), and the decorative material 2 (2A, 2B) having a long vertical dimension is positioned on the outside thereof. positioned. Further, in FIG. 3 (f), the decorative material 2 ′ having a short vertical dimension is positioned on the upper and lower stages, and the decorative material 2 having a long vertical dimension is positioned only at the center. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the long decorative material 2 is continuous not only in the center but also in the upper and lower sides.

The cover member 4 in the illustrated embodiment has a structure having the groove portion 41 and the embedded portion 42 embedded in the concrete, as described above, and the left side of the opening 50 as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). The cover members disposed on the right side, upper side, and lower side are 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D, respectively.
The cover members 4A and 4B arranged on the left and right sides of the opening 50 are the same long member, but as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 1C, the groove 41 opens to the left. However, the cover member 4A is arranged so that the embedded portion 42 also extends to the left, the groove portion 41 is opened to the right, and the embedded portion 42 is also extended to the right. Is the cover member 4B.
Further, the cover members 4C and 4D disposed above and below the opening 50 are the same short members, but the groove 41 'is opened upward, and the buried portion 42' extends upward. The cover member 4C is arranged as described above, and the cover member 4D is arranged so that the groove portion 41 ′ is opened downward and the embedded portion 42 ′ is also extended downward.
The groove portions 41, 41 ′ are U-shaped vertical grooves or horizontal grooves as shown in the cross-sectional shape thereof, and the inner sides of the extended pieces 43, 43 ′ extended from the bottom portions of the groove portions 41, 41 ′. Embedded portions 42 and 42 'are provided, and the embedded portions 42 and 42' are H-shaped protruding pieces as shown in the cross-sectional shape thereof, depending on the length of each member. The groove 41, the embedded portion 42, and the extending piece 43 extend in the longitudinal direction, and the groove 41 ', the embedded portion 42', and the extending piece 43 'extend in the lateral direction so that they are distinguished from each other. .

As described above, the vertically long formwork panels 3 and 3 adjacent to the left and right of the opening 50 and the formwork panels 3 ′ and 3 ′ adjacent to the top and bottom thereof are distinguished from each other. 4B is a long material attached to the side edges of the formwork panels 3 and 3, and the cover members 4C and 4D are short materials attached to the upper and lower edges of the formwork panels 3 ′ and 3 ′.
Further, the cover members 4A and 4B are formed such that the tip 411 of the outer piece that forms the groove 41 is bent in an L shape, and only the outer piece that forms the groove 41 ′ is left and right in the cover members 4C and 4D. Long (extending pieces 412 and 412).

In the illustrated embodiment, in the concrete placing process as shown in FIG. 1, auxiliary molds 6 and 6 ′ are used in combination with the cover member 4 (4A and 4B here), respectively.
As shown in FIG. 1D, the auxiliary molds 6 and 6 ′ have a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape including a flat surface portion 61 and leg pieces 62 and 62 that are perpendicular to both end edges. The leg piece 62 is provided with a thick ridge 621 at the tip thereof, and is a high strength material made of FRP having substantially the same length as the cover members 4A to 4D. .
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the long cover members 4A and 4B are provided with a long 6 and the short cover members 4C and 4D are provided with a short auxiliary formwork. 6 'is attached, but both are arranged so that the flat portions 61 are attached back to back with respect to the extending pieces 43 and 43' of the cover members 4A to 4D. As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the auxiliary molds 6, 6 'are connected to the side edges of the leg pieces 62, 62 at the edges of the auxiliary mold 6 with the legs of the auxiliary mold 6'. It attaches so that it may contact | abut on the upper end of piece part 62 ', 62', and arrange | positions the coating | covering material 63 on the end surface of auxiliary | assistant formwork 6 ', and closes a groove-shaped part.
The leg pieces 62, 62 are provided with through holes 622 (not shown in the figure), and the spacing member 7 can be inserted in the concrete placing process. The frame 6, 6 'itself can be removed and used repeatedly.

In FIGS. 1A and 1B, reference numeral 5Y denotes a formwork, 8A denotes a form tie (registered trademark), and 8B denotes a thick material at the end. As described above, the auxiliary formwork 6, 6 ′ is attached. A nut (not shown) can be tightened at the tip of the interval holding member 7 that penetrates to firmly integrate.
In the concrete placing step, the mold panel 3, 3 'is arranged on one side as shown in FIG. 4 (b) to form the mold 5 having the opening 50 and the auxiliary mold. 6 and 6 'are disposed, and the mold 5Y is disposed on the other side so as to face each other. A plurality of spacing members 7 are attached to the position of the fixing material 7b of the space portion 24 provided in the decorative material 2A while penetrating the molds 5 and 5Y. As shown in Fig. 5, concrete is placed in a state where the foam tie (registered trademark) 8A and the thick side end material 8B are attached and firmly tightened and fixed.

  After the cast concrete 9 was hardened, on the inner surface side, the nut (not shown), the foam tie (registered trademark) 8A, and the side end thick material 8B were removed, and the mold 5Y was removed. For the outer surface on one side, the spacing member 7 is pulled out and the auxiliary mold 6 is removed, but the mold panel 3 and the cover member 4 are used as they are. Note that the spacing member 7 and the auxiliary mold 6 can be used repeatedly.

In this way, in the present invention, the formwork panel 3 also forms the formwork 5 having the opening 50, and can be used as it is as an exterior material (exterior panel) after the concrete placing step. 5 can also be referred to as an opening structure of the outer wall.
As the opening structure of the outer wall, for example, the state shown in FIG. 5A is the structure of the right and left ends immediately after construction, and the state where an external member such as a sash S is attached to the formed opening 50 is shown in FIG. It will be in the state of (b).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1 'Heat insulating material 11 Superposition | polymerization part 12 Part to be polymerized 2 Cosmetic material 2A, 2A' First cosmetic material 2B, 2B 'Second cosmetic material 21 Face plate part 211 Projection line 22, 25 Engagement part 23, 26 Part 24 Space (Fixing part)
3, 3 'formwork panel 4, 4A-4D cover member 41, 41' groove part 411 L-shaped tip 412 extension piece 42, 42 'embedded part 5, 5Y formwork 50 opening 6 auxiliary formwork 7 spacing holding member 7b Fixing material 7c Buffer material 8A Foam tie (registered trademark)
8B Thick End 9 Concrete 90 Placement Space

Claims (2)

It is an opening structure using a formwork panel provided with a heat insulating layer,
A cover member having a groove portion and an embedded portion embedded in concrete is disposed on the periphery of an opening provided in a mold formed by the mold panel so that the groove portion is fitted. Opening structure   2. The opening structure according to claim 1, wherein the formwork panel includes a decorative material and a heat insulating layer, and the decorative material is connected to a spacing member in the concrete placing step.

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