JP2018043184A - Recovery method of organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recovery method of organic matter where the recovery efficiency of a solvent is improved by further separating the solvent having a possibility of being remained in water after vaporizing the solvent without consuming energy for evaporating water.SOLUTION: In a recovery method of organic matter, dimethyl ether (DME) 2 being a liquid solvent is supplied to and brought into contact with alga 1 and water 3 and the organic matter 4 are dissolved in DME 2; a mixed liquid 5 of water 3, the organic matter 4 and DME 2 is recovered; the pressure of the mixed liquid 5 is reduced, DME 2 is vaporized and DME 2 is recovered; and salt 6 is supplied to the mixed liquid 5, the vaporization of DME 2 is accelerated by salting-out effect and recovery efficiency is improved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic matter recovery method for recovering organic matter from a living cell containing moisture and organic matter.

  2. Description of the Related Art Techniques for producing organic substances useful for living bodies and recovering organic substances from living bodies are conventionally known. For example, it is known that algae as a living body has the ability to produce many organic substances (oil). Algae can be cultivated in water, and since organic matter production per unit area is large, it has been proposed to be used as a biofuel. However, since algae contain a large amount of water, it is necessary to remove the water and extract a large amount of energy in order to extract organic substances from the algae.

  Under such circumstances, a technique for extracting an organic substance from algae without requiring large energy has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). In the technique of Patent Document 1, dimethyl ether is contacted with algae for dehydration, and dimethyl ether is vaporized under predetermined conditions to separate dimethyl ether and extract organic substances. For this reason, water can be removed from algae without using energy, and organic matter can be extracted.

  Dimethyl ether for removing water from algae is vaporized by maintaining it at a specified pressure and temperature (at normal temperature and normal pressure), so the liquid mixture in which dimethyl ether is in contact with algae is brought to normal temperature and normal pressure. Dimethyl ether can be separated and recovered. However, the degree of vaporization of dimethyl ether from the mixed solution depends on the temperature and pressure conditions, and it is difficult to completely separate dimethyl ether, and the recovery rate is limited.

  After vaporizing dimethyl ether at the specified pressure and temperature (normal temperature and normal pressure), the dimethyl ether remaining in the water can be separated by increasing the temperature and decreasing the pressure. You will need energy for. For this reason, the present condition is that the technique which raises the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether (chemical substance) is calculated | required, without consuming the energy for isolate | separating the dimethyl ether which remained in water.

Japanese Patent No. 5328547

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering an organic substance that can increase the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether (chemical substance) and recover the organic substance from a living body without consuming energy. And

  In particular, it is possible to separate dimethyl ether (chemical substance) that may remain in water after vaporizing the solvent (dimethyl ether) without consuming energy, and to recover the organic matter from the living body by increasing the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering organic substances.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for recovering an organic substance of the present invention according to claim 1 comprises bringing a liquid solvent into contact with a living body containing moisture and the organic substance, the moisture of the living body and the organic substance in contact with the solvent In the organic substance recovery method for recovering the organic substance from the mixed liquid of the water, the organic substance and the solvent, comprising a salt supply step of mixing the salt and recovering the solvent.

  In the present invention according to claim 1, by mixing the salt in the salt supply step, the water containing the living body and the solvent in which the organic substance (oil) is dissolved are separated into layers by the salting out effect, thereby facilitating the recovery of the solvent. Recovery efficiency. For this reason, it becomes possible to improve the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether (chemical substance) and recover organic substances from the living body without consuming energy.

  And the organic substance recovery method of the present invention according to claim 2 is the organic substance recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the organic substance recovery is performed by recovering the mixed liquid, whereby the mixed liquid and the living body are recovered. The organic substance is recovered from the mixed solution from which the living body has been separated, and the salt supplying step includes recovering the solvent by mixing the salt into the mixed solution from which the living body has been separated. Features.

  As the solvent, for example, hexane or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, chloroform, and a mixed solution thereof can be used in addition to dimethyl ether that becomes a gas at normal temperature and pressure.

  In the present invention according to claim 2, the solubility of the solvent dissolved in the moisture and the organic matter is reduced by the salting out effect by mixing the salt into the mixed solution of the moisture and the organic matter and the solvent separated from the living body in the salt supplying step. (Concentration decreases), and the efficiency of solvent recovery is improved by promoting the vaporization of the solvent. In the step of vaporizing the solvent, the salt supply step is performed to supply the salt, and thus the salt supply step is added to the existing equipment, so that the dehydration method of the present invention can be performed.

  For this reason, without consuming energy, the solvent that can remain in the water and organic matter after vaporization (for example, dimethyl ether that becomes a gas at normal temperature and pressure) is separated, and the recovery efficiency of the solvent is increased from the living body. Organic matter can be recovered.

  The organic matter recovery method of the present invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the organic matter recovery method according to claim 2, wherein the solvent is dimethyl ether, and the dimethyl ether recovered in the salt supply step is used. The method includes a circulation step of bringing the dimethyl ether cooled and liquefied into contact with the living body containing the moisture and the organic matter.

  In the present invention according to claim 3, after reducing the concentration of the dimethyl ether in the salt supply step, the dimethyl ether is recovered, and the recovered dimethyl ether is liquefied and brought into contact with a living body containing moisture and organic matter. Dimethyl ether can be circulated in a circulation step to obtain dimethyl ether for contact with a living body containing moisture and organic matter.

  Further, the organic matter recovery method of the present invention according to claim 4 is the organic matter recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the organic matter is recovered by recovering the mixture solution and the biological solution. Separating the organic matter from the mixed solution from which the living organism has been separated, evaporating and separating the solvent from the mixed solution from which the living organism has been separated by reducing the pressure, A salt is mixed with the separated water after the solvent is separated, and the solvent remaining in the water is recovered.

  In the present invention according to claim 4, in the salt supply step, the salt is mixed with the separated water after the solvent is vaporized and separated from the mixed solution of the water, the organic substance and the solvent, so that the salt is dissolved in the separated water by the salting out effect. The solubility of the solvent decreases (concentration decreases), and the solvent contained in the separated water can be recovered.

  For this reason, without consuming energy, the solvent (for example, dimethyl ether that becomes a gas at normal temperature and pressure) that may remain in the separated water after being vaporized is separated to increase the solvent recovery efficiency to increase the organic matter from the living body. Can be recovered.

  As the solvent, for example, hexane or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, chloroform, and a mixed solution thereof can be used in addition to dimethyl ether that becomes a gas at normal temperature and pressure.

  Moreover, the organic substance recovery method of the present invention according to claim 5 is the organic substance recovery method according to claim 4, wherein the solvent is dimethyl ether, and the salt supply step is performed when the salt is mixed. By maintaining the separated moisture at a predetermined pressure, the remaining dimethyl ether and moisture are separated into layers, and the dimethyl ether is recovered.

  In the present invention according to claim 5, when the salt is mixed, the separated water is maintained at a predetermined pressure, and the dimethyl ether and the water are separated, and the dimethyl ether can be recovered as a liquid as it is.

  In the organic substance recovery method of the present invention according to each claim described above, sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, trisodium citrate, or the like can be used as the salt to be mixed in the salt supply step. In addition, various kinds of salts can be used as long as they can reduce the solubility of a solvent (for example, dimethyl ether) due to a salting-out effect, such as seawater containing various metals at a high concentration or industrial salt. Salt can be applied.

  The organic matter recovery method of the present invention makes it possible to improve the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether (chemical substance) and recover the organic matter from the living body without consuming energy.

  In particular, the organic matter recovery method of the present invention separates a solvent (for example, dimethyl ether) that may remain in water after vaporization without consuming energy, and increases the recovery efficiency of the solvent to improve the organic matter from the living body. Can be recovered.

  In other words, the organic matter recovery method does not consume energy but separates the solvent from the liquid mixture when the solvent (for example, dimethyl ether) is vaporized or discharges the solvent after the solvent (for example, dimethyl ether) is vaporized. By separating the solvent from the separated water, it is possible to increase the solvent recovery efficiency and recover the organic matter from the living body.

It is a schematic process drawing for demonstrating the concept of the collection | recovery method of the organic substance of this invention. It is a graph explaining the relationship between dimethyl ether and salt concentration. It is a schematic block diagram of the collection | recovery equipment which enforces the collection | recovery method of the organic substance which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the collection | recovery equipment which enforces the collection | recovery method of the organic substance which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the collection | recovery equipment which enforces the collection | recovery method of the organic substance which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention.

(Embodiment 1)
In the organic matter recovery method of the present invention, a liquid solvent (for example, dimethyl ether: described below using dimethyl ether as an example) is brought into contact with a living body (for example, algae) containing moisture and organic matter (for example, oil). Moisture and organic matter contained in the living body are dissolved in dimethyl ether, a mixed solution of moisture, organic matter and dimethyl ether is collected, algae is separated from the mixed solution, dimethyl ether is vaporized from the mixed solution from which the algae are separated, and dimethyl ether is vaporized The organic matter is recovered by separating the organic matter from the water in the mixed solution.

  Then, in the salt supply step, for example, salt is mixed with a mixture of water, organic matter and dimethyl ether from which algae have been separated, and the solubility of dimethyl ether dissolved in water is reduced (the concentration is reduced) due to the salting out effect. The efficiency at the time of recovery by promoting vaporization is improved.

  For this reason, by adding a salt supply process to the existing equipment, it is possible to increase the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether and recover organic matter, for example, vaporize without consuming energy for evaporating water. After that, dimethyl ether that may remain in the water is separated, and the organic substance can be recovered by increasing the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether.

  As the solvent, in addition to dimethyl ether that becomes a gas at normal temperature and pressure, a solution solvent (for example, hexane or methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, chloroform (alcohols and a mixed solution thereof) can be used.

  Also, a liquid solvent (for example, dimethyl ether) is brought into contact with the algae, a salt is mixed with a mixed solution in which water and organic substances contained in the algae are dissolved in dimethyl ether, and a water layer and a dimethyl ether layer containing organic substances are mixed. It is also possible to recover the organic substance from dimethyl ether (reducing the pressure of the liquid containing dimethyl ether and the organic substance, or supplying a salt).

  Based on FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the concept of the organic substance recovery method of the present invention according to Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 1 shows a schematic process for explaining the concept of the organic substance recovery method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a graph for explaining the relationship between dimethyl ether and salt concentration.

  As shown in FIG. 1, dimethyl ether (DME) 2 that is a liquid solvent is supplied to and contacted with algae 1 that is a living body. The water (water) 3 and the organic matter (oil) 4 contained in the algae 1 are dissolved in the DME 2, and the mixed solution 5 of the water 3, the organic matter 4 and the DME 2 from which the algae 1 is separated is recovered. DME2 is vaporized by depressurizing the mixed solution 5 to recover DME2. By pressurizing and recovering the recovered DME2, the liquid DME2 supplied to the algae 1 can be obtained.

  On the other hand, when the DME 2 is recovered from the mixed solution 5 (when vaporized), a salt (for example, sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, trisodium citrate, etc.) 6 is supplied to the mixed solution 5 (salt supplying step). ). By supplying the salt 6, the solubility of DME2 dissolved in the water 3 and the organic substance 4 is reduced (concentration is reduced) due to the salting out effect, the vaporization of DME2 is promoted, and the recovery efficiency is improved. The mixed solution 5 after the vaporization of DME 2 is separated into water 3 and organic matter 4, and the organic matter 4 is recovered and used, for example, as biofuel. And the water 3 is drained.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ratio of DME2 can be lowered by increasing the concentration of the salt 6. That is, by increasing the concentration of the salt 6, the solubility of DME2 dissolved in the water 3 and the organic matter 4 can be reduced by the salting out effect (the concentration can be decreased). The solubility of DME2 can be reduced by supplying the minimum amount of salt 6 by appropriately setting the concentration of salt 6 depending on the state of vaporization of DME2 from mixed solution 5.

  For this reason, by adding the step of supplying the salt 6 to the existing equipment, the organic matter recovery method of the present embodiment can be carried out, for example, without consuming energy for evaporating the water 3, It is possible to increase the recovery efficiency of DME2 by separating DME2 that may remain in water 3 and organic matter 4 after vaporization.

  As the salt 6, various kinds of salts can be used as long as they can reduce the solubility of DME2 due to the salting-out effect, such as high-concentration seawater containing various metals or industrial salt. Salt can be applied.

(Embodiment 2)
In the organic matter recovery method of the present invention, a liquid solvent (for example, dimethyl ether: described below using dimethyl ether as an example) is brought into contact with a living body (for example, algae) containing moisture and organic matter (for example, oil). Moisture and organic matter contained in the living body are dissolved in dimethyl ether, and a mixture of water, organic matter and dimethyl ether is recovered, the algae are separated from the mixture, and the pressure is reduced to vaporize the dimethyl ether from the mixture from which the algae are separated. The organic substance is recovered by separating the organic substance from the water in the mixed liquid in which dimethyl ether is vaporized.

  In the salt supply step, the salt is mixed with the separated water, which is the water after the dimethyl ether is separated, and the solubility of the dimethyl ether remaining in the separated water is reduced (reducing the concentration) by the salting out effect, and the remaining in the separated water. To recover dimethyl ether.

  For this reason, for example, without recovering energy for evaporating water, dimethyl ether which may remain in the separated water after vaporization can be separated to increase the recovery efficiency of dimethyl ether.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a recovery facility for performing the organic material recovery method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The first example is a facility corresponding to the first embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, liquid DME 2 (for example, maintained at a predetermined pressure of 3 to 4 atmospheres and a predetermined temperature) is supplied to algae 1 containing water (water) 3 and organic matter 4. Is done. By bringing DME 2 into contact with algae 1, water 3 and organic matter 4 are dissolved in DME 2 to obtain a mixed solution 5. The algae 1 in which the water 3 and the organic matter 4 are dissolved is separated from the mixed solution 5.

  The DME 2 (mixed solution 5) in which the algae 1 is separated and the water 3 and the organic matter 4 are dissolved is decompressed, and the DME 2 is vaporized to be vaporized. The vaporized DME 2 is sent to the compressor 11 and compressed. The compressed vapor of DME 2 is sent to the cooler 12, and the vapor of DME 2 is cooled and liquefied (condensed) by the refrigerant from the cooling tower 13. The liquid DME 2 is brought into contact with the algae 1 containing water (water) 3 and organic matter 4 (circulation step).

  On the other hand, high-concentration salt water (sodium chloride) 15 is supplied to the mixed solution 5 in which the alga 1 is separated and decompressed (salt supply step). By supplying the salt water 15, the solubility of DME 5 dissolved in the water 3 of the mixed solution 5 is reduced due to the salting out effect (the concentration is decreased), vaporization of the DME 5 is promoted, and the recovery efficiency of the DME 2 is improved.

  The water (salt water) of the mixed solution 5 after the DME 2 is vaporized is separated from the organic matter 4 and drained, and is sent to the desalinator 17 by driving the pump 16, and the high-concentration salt water 15 supplied to the mixed solution 5 It can be divided into wastewater with low salt concentration. The organic matter 4 separated from the mixed solution 5 after the DME 2 is vaporized is recovered and used as biofuel or the like.

  When the recovery facility shown in the figure is constructed in the vicinity of the power plant (along the coast), the seawater is concentrated to the salt water 15 and the waste water from the desalination device 17 after the DME 2 is vaporized is discharged (discharged) into the sea. It is also possible.

  When vaporizing DME2, supplying salt water 15 to mixed solution 5 reduces the solubility of DME 2 dissolved in the water of mixed solution 5 due to the salting out effect (decrease in concentration), and promotes vaporization of DME 2. As a result, the collection efficiency is improved.

  For this reason, after vaporizing DME2 without consuming energy for evaporating water 3 by adding facilities (desalination device 17, pump 16) which supply salt water 15 to existing facilities, for example. The recovery efficiency of DME2 can be increased by separating DME2 that may remain in water 3.

(Second embodiment)
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a recovery facility for performing the organic material recovery method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The second example is a facility corresponding to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as the member shown in FIG. 3, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, the process of separating the algae 1 from the mixed solution 5 is the same as that in the first embodiment. That is, DME 2 is supplied (contacted) to algae 1, water 3 and organic matter 4 are dissolved in DME 2 to form mixed solution 5, and algae 1 is separated from mixed solution 5.

  The DME 2 (mixed solution 5) in which the algae 1 is separated and the water 3 and the organic matter 4 are dissolved is decompressed, and the DME 2 is vaporized to be vaporized. The vaporized DME 2 is sent to the compressor 11 and compressed. The compressed vapor of DME 2 is sent to the cooler 12, and the vapor of DME 2 is cooled and liquefied (condensed) by the refrigerant from the cooling tower 13. The liquid DME 2 is brought into contact with the algae 1 containing water (water) 3 and organic matter 4 (circulation step).

  The water 3 and the organic matter 4 in the mixed solution 5 after the DME 15 is vaporized are separated, and the organic matter 4 separated from the mixed solution 5 is recovered and used as biofuel or the like.

  On the other hand, highly concentrated salt water (sodium chloride) 15 is supplied to the water 3 separated from the organic matter 4 (salt supply step). By supplying the salt water 15, the solubility of the DME 5 remaining in the water 3 is reduced (reducing the concentration) due to the salting-out effect, and the DME 5 remaining in the water 3 is vaporized and recovered. The DME 5 remaining in the water 3 is vaporized and then, for example, sent to the compressor 11 and collected.

  By supplying the salt water 15 to the water 3, the DME 5 remaining in the water 3 is vaporized due to the salting out effect, and the DME 5 can be recovered. For this reason, for example, the DME 5 that may remain in the water 3 can be separated without consuming energy for evaporating the water, and the recovery efficiency of the DME 5 can be increased.

  The water 3 after the DME 5 is vaporized is sent to the desalination apparatus 17 by driving the pump 16, and is divided into high-concentration salt water 15 supplied to the water 3 and waste water having a low salinity concentration.

  In addition, by pressurizing the water 3 from which the organic matter 4 has been separated and liquefying the DME 5 remaining in the water, the DME 5 and the water 3 can be separated into layers, and the liquefied DME 5 can be recovered as a liquid.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a recovery facility for carrying out the organic material recovery method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The same members as those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in the figure, liquid DME 2 (for example, maintained at a predetermined pressure of 3 to 4 atmospheres and a predetermined temperature) is supplied to algae 1 containing water (water) 3 and organic matter 4. Is done. High-concentration salt water (sodium chloride) 15 is supplied (salt supply step). By supplying the salt water 15, a layer (DME liquid layer 21) in which the organic substance 4 is dissolved in the DME 2 and a layer 3 of water 3 (the aqueous layer 22) including the algae 1 (residue) from which the organic substance 4 has been removed due to the salting out effect. ) And are separated. The DME liquid layer 21 and the aqueous layer 22 are separated (liquid-liquid separation).

  The water layer 22 of the water 3 including the residue of the algae 1 is sprinkled on the coal in the coal storage yard together with the residue of the algae 1, for example. Therefore, the water 3 in which the residue of the algae 1 is combined can be used as the water 3 sprinkled to suppress the heat generation of coal. It is also possible to recover the DME 2 remaining in the water 3 by evaporating the DME 2 remaining in the water 3 by supplying the salt water 15 to the water layer 22.

  On the other hand, the DME liquid layer 21 is depressurized to vaporize DME 2 to be vaporized, and the organic matter 4 is separated. The separated organic matter is recovered as biofuel, for example. The vaporized DME 2 is, for example, compressed and cooled to be liquefied to form liquid DME 2 that comes into contact with the algae 1 containing moisture (water) 3 and organic matter 4.

  In the above-described embodiment, salt water 15 is supplied to the layer in which DME 2 is brought into contact with algae 1, and DME liquid layer 21 in which organic substance 4 is dissolved in DME 2 and algae 1 (residue) from which organic substance 4 has escaped due to the salting out effect. The DME liquid layer 21 is depressurized to vaporize the DME 2 and the organic matter 4 is recovered. For this reason, the organic matter 4 can be recovered from the algae 1 by increasing the recovery efficiency of the DME 2 without consuming energy such as evaporating the water 3.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to separate the algae 1 (residue) from the liquid (solid-liquid separation), a device for capturing the solid (such as a filter) is not necessary, and the equipment can be easily maintained. .

  The organic matter recovery method described above can recover the organic matter 4 from the algae 1 by increasing the recovery efficiency of DME2 without consuming energy. In particular, it is possible to separate the DME 2 that may remain in the water 3 after vaporizing the DME 2 without consuming energy, thereby increasing the recovery efficiency of the DME 2 and recovering the organic matter 4 from the algae 1. For this reason, the recovery efficiency of DME2 can be raised.

  The present invention can be used in the industrial field of organic substance recovery methods.

1 Algae 2 Dimethyl ether (DME)
3 Moisture (water)
4 Organic matter 5 Mixed liquid 6 Salt 11 Compressor 12 Cooler 13 Cooling tower 15 Brine 16 Pump 17 Desalination device 21 DME liquid layer 22 Water layer

Claims (5)

Bringing a liquid solvent into contact with a living body containing moisture and organic matter,
Dissolving the moisture of the living body and the organic matter in the solvent;
In the organic matter recovery method for recovering the organic matter from a mixture of the water, the organic matter and the solvent,
A method for recovering an organic substance, comprising a salt supply step of recovering the solvent by mixing a salt. The organic substance recovery method according to claim 1,
Recovery of the organic matter is
By recovering the mixed liquid, the mixed liquid and the living body are separated, and the organic matter is recovered from the mixed liquid from which the living body has been separated,
The salt supply step includes
A method for recovering an organic substance, comprising: mixing a salt with the mixed solution from which the living body has been separated to recover the solvent. In the organic substance recovery method according to claim 2,
The solvent is dimethyl ether;
The dimethyl ether recovered in the salt supply step is cooled and liquefied,
A method for recovering organic matter, comprising a circulation step of bringing the liquefied dimethyl ether into contact with the living body containing the moisture and the organic matter. The organic substance recovery method according to claim 1,
Recovery of the organic matter is
By recovering the mixed liquid, the mixed liquid and the living body are separated, and the organic matter is recovered from the mixed liquid from which the living body has been separated,
The solvent is vaporized and separated from the mixed solution from which the living body has been separated by reducing the pressure,
The salt supply step includes
A method for recovering an organic substance, comprising mixing a salt with water separated after the solvent has been separated, and collecting the solvent remaining in the water. The organic substance recovery method according to claim 4,
The solvent is dimethyl ether;
The salt supply step includes
When mixing the salt, the separated moisture is maintained at a predetermined pressure, and the remaining dimethyl ether and moisture are separated into layers, and the dimethyl ether is collected.

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