JP2018033493A - X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus that facilitates transfer of a subject, and enables the transfer to be performed in a way that imposes little burden on a nurse and the subject.SOLUTION: An X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus includes an X-ray detection part 104 disposed opposed to an X-ray generation part 103 for irradiating an X-ray onto a subject that detects an X-ray transmitting the subject, an X-ray image processing part 113 for performing image processing for an X-ray signal output from the X-ray detection part and generating an X-ray image, a display part 114 for displaying the X-ray image generated by the X-ray image processing part, a top plate 102 that is supported by a support frame 108 and can mount the subject 101, a winding shaft 122 installed in the support frame, to which a belt is attached so that the belt is wound, a top plate side-to-side moving part 118 for moving the top plate in a transverse direction, and a transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the top plate side-to-side moving part to the winding shaft. By winding the belt with the winding shaft according to the state in which the belt is attached, a mat 121 on which the subject is mounted is moved from a stretcher 123 onto the top plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

  The present invention relates to an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, and more particularly to a technique for changing a subject in the apparatus.

  When it is difficult for a subject such as a heavy patient to get on the X-ray fluoroscopic diagnosis apparatus, the transfer of the subject from the bed or stretcher to the X-ray fluoroscopic diagnosis apparatus is performed manually by a nurse or the like. At that time, use a mat for replacement described in Patent Document 1, a stretcher on which the top plate described in Patent Document 2 slides, or a dedicated mounting tool wound up by a manual handle described in Patent Document 3. The subject is replaced.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-117892 JP-A-4-336064 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-269477

  However, since the mat for replacement is a work by a plurality of people and an unreasonable posture, the burden on the nurse is very large. The stretcher on which the top plate slides can be replaced by one person alone, but the step between the stretcher and the top plate of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus becomes a burden on the subject. In addition, after the examination, it is necessary to re-mount to the stretcher. At that time, it is necessary to re-mount on the step, so that the burden on the subject is further increased. A dedicated mounting tool that winds up with a manual handle requires a lot of labor for manual operation, and when used in an X-ray fluoroscope, it interferes with the operation of the device or metal is reflected in the X-ray image. Therefore, it is necessary to remove each time, which is troublesome.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus that facilitates the replacement of a subject and can be replaced by a method that places less burden on the subject / nurse.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus is a top plate for placing a subject, a support frame for supporting the top plate, and irradiating the subject with X-rays. An X-ray detection unit that is disposed opposite to the X-ray generation unit and detects X-rays that have passed through the subject, a top-to-bottom movement unit that moves the top plate in the short direction, a support frame, and a belt attached Provided is an X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus having a configuration that includes a winding shaft that can be wound and a transmission mechanism that transmits the power of a left-right moving portion of the top plate to the winding shaft.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus that facilitates the replacement of a subject and reduces the burden on the subject / nurse.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the first embodiment and illustrates a state when the subject is transferred from the stretcher to the top plate of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of test subject fixation and a test | inspection with the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus which concerns on Example 1. FIG. In the X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus which concerns on Example 1, it is a figure which shows the state at the time of the transfer of a subject from a top plate to a stretcher. 3 is a diagram for explaining a detection unit when the belt is attached / detached in the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the detection part at the time of the belt attachment or detachment of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the top-plate left-right moving part of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus of Example 1, and a winding mechanism. It is a figure which shows the flowchart and state table of operation | movement of the X-ray fluoroscope of Example 1. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiments of the invention, and the repetitive description thereof is omitted. First, an overall configuration of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus to which the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. 1A. FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1, and particularly schematically showing a state at the time of transfer from a stretcher of a patient as a subject to the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus. .

  The X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus 1 is disposed so as to face the top plate 102 on which the subject 101 serving as a fluoroscopic table is placed, the X-ray generation unit 103 that irradiates the subject 101 with X-rays, and the X-ray generation unit 103. An X-ray detection unit 104 that detects X-rays transmitted through the subject 101, an X-ray diaphragm device 105 that sets an X-ray irradiation region for the subject 101, a support column 106 that supports the X-ray generation unit 103, and an X-ray A supporting column moving mechanism 107 that supports the detecting unit 104 and the supporting column 106 and moves in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 102, a supporting frame 108 that supports the top plate 102 and the supporting column moving mechanism unit 107, and a connection that supports the supporting frame 108 109, a connecting part moving mechanism part 110 that supports the connecting part 109 and moves the connecting part 109 in a direction perpendicular to the floor surface and in a rotation direction about an axis that is horizontal to the floor surface, and installed on the floor surface Connected And a stand section 111 for supporting the moving mechanism portion 110.

  Furthermore, the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1 performs image processing on the X-ray signal output from the high-voltage generation unit 112 that supplies power to the X-ray generation unit 103 and the X-ray detection unit 104, and generates an X-ray image. An X-ray image processing unit 113 to be generated, a display unit 114 that displays an X-ray image generated by the X-ray image processing unit 113, and an external storage unit that stores an X-ray image generated by the X-ray image processing unit 113 115, a control unit 116 that controls each of the above-described components, and an operation unit 117 that instructs the control unit 116. The X-ray image processing unit 113, the display unit 114, the external storage unit 115, the control unit 116, and the operation unit 117 can be realized using a personal computer (PC) equipped with a normal central processing unit (CPU).

  The top plate 102 is moved in the lateral direction, that is, the left-right direction of the subject 101 in FIG. 1A by a top-plate left-right moving unit 118 described later in the support frame 108. On the top plate 102, a gripping rod 119 that supports the subject 101 by gripping the subject 101, belts 120 a and 120 b for preventing the subject 101 from falling from the top plate 102, and the subject 101 lie on the top plate 102. A mat 121 serving as a cushion is provided above. The grasping rod 119 is usually installed on the left and right sides of the subject 101, but can be removed as necessary. In FIG. 1A, the right grasping rod 119 of the subject 101 is removed. It is preferable that the mat 121 has a large friction coefficient on the surface in contact with the subject 101 and a small friction coefficient on the surface in contact with the top plate 102. The mat 121 is preferably made of a material that does not contain a metal or the like that absorbs X-rays. A platform (not shown) that supports the subject 101 when the top plate 102 is brought up by the operation of the connecting portion moving mechanism 110, or a shoulder pad (not shown) that supports the subject 101 when the top plate 102 is tilted backward. May be provided.

  The X-ray generator 103 has an X-ray tube that receives power supply from the high voltage generator 112 and generates X-rays. Further, the X-ray generation unit 103 may include an X-ray filter that selectively transmits X-rays having specific energy. The X-ray detection unit 104 is configured by, for example, a plurality of detection elements that detect X-rays arranged in a two-dimensional array, and is irradiated with X-rays irradiated from the X-ray generation unit 103 and transmitted through the subject. An X-ray signal corresponding to the amount is detected. The X-ray diaphragm device 105 has a plurality of movable diaphragm blades (not shown) that shield the X-rays generated from the X-ray generation unit 103, and moves the plurality of movable diaphragm blades to move the X-ray irradiation region on the subject 101, respectively. Can be set.

  As described above, the connecting portion moving mechanism 110 raises the top plate 102 by rotating the connecting portion 109. When the top plate 102 stands up by the connecting portion moving mechanism unit 110, the X-ray generation unit 103 also moves so as to face the surface of the top plate 102. At this time, the direction in which the foot side of the subject 101 is down is called standing, and the direction in which the head side of the subject 101 is down is called reverse tilting.

  The X-ray image processing unit 113 performs image processing on the X-ray signal output from the X-ray detection unit 104, and outputs an X-ray image obtained by image processing. Image processing includes gamma conversion, gradation conversion processing, image enlargement / reduction, and the like, which can be realized by executing various programs by the CPU. In addition to displaying the X-ray image generated by the X-ray image processing unit 113, the display unit 114 displays the X-ray image stored in the storage unit 115, conditions for irradiating X-rays, and the like. The storage unit 115 is configured using a PC hard disk or memory.

  Example 1 is an example of a subject replacement mechanism of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus. That is, the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus is disposed opposite to a top plate on which a subject is placed, a support frame that supports the top plate, and an X-ray generation unit that emits X-rays to the subject. X-ray detection unit for detecting X-rays transmitted through the top plate, left-and-right movement unit for moving the top plate in the short direction, a take-up shaft installed on the support frame and capable of being wound by attaching a belt, and the top plate It is an Example of the X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus of a structure provided with the transmission mechanism which transmits the motive power of a left-right moving part to a winding shaft.

  As described above, FIG. 1A shows a state when the subject is transferred from the bed, in other words, from the stretcher 123 to the X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus 1. The subject 101 is placed on a stretcher 123 laid with a mat 121 and laid down on the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1. After aligning the height of the stretcher 123 and the top plate 102 supported by the support frame 108, the hooks of the belts 120a and 120b are attached to the long sides of the mat 121, and the opposite ends of the belts 120a and 120b are the tops. It attaches to the winding shaft 122 interlock | cooperated with the plate right-and-left moving part 118 with a hook. The winding shaft 122 is rotatably installed on the support frame 108. When the top plate left / right moving unit 118 is driven from the operation unit 117 to move the top plate left / right, the power of the left / right movement is transmitted to the winding shaft 122 that winds up the belts 120a and 120b, which will be described later. The winding shaft 122 rotates in the direction of the arrow. Accordingly, the subject 101 placed on the mat 121 moves from the stretcher 123 onto the top plate 102 of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1 by winding the belts 120a and 120b.

  FIG. 1B shows a state in which the subject 101 is fixed to the top panel 108 of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus and the X-ray fluoroscopic examination is performed. The electrical system below the high voltage generator 112 is not shown. The wound belts 120a and 120b are loosened, the hooks at the ends of the mat side are removed, and the belts 120a and 120b are attached to a fixed shaft 124 that is fixed to the side of the top plate 102 across the subject 101. In other words, the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus further includes a fixed shaft 124 that is installed on the side of the top plate 102 and to which the other ends of the belts 120a and 120b can be attached. Accordingly, the subject 101 is fixed by the belts 120a and 120b, and can be prevented from falling off the top plate 102 when the subject 101 is in a standing position or a reverse tilting position.

  FIG. 1C shows a state when the subject 101 is transferred from the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1 to the stretcher 123 after the examination is completed. The stretcher 123 is placed on the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1 so that the heights of the stretcher 123 and the top plate 102 on the support frame 108 are matched. The belts 120a and 120b are loosened, removed from the fixed shaft 124, hooked on the X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus 1 of the stretcher 123 and the handrail 125 on the far side, and then the long side of the mat 121 on the opposite side to that in FIG. Attach to the side with a hook. When the top-plate left-right movement unit 118 performs the left-right movement of the top plate according to an instruction from the operation unit 117, the take-up shaft 122 winds up the belts 120 a and 120 b, and the subject 101 placed on the mat 121 is removed from the top plate 102. Move onto the stretcher 123.

  Next, a detection unit that detects a state when the belts 120a and 120b are attached and detached in the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present embodiment further includes a detection unit that detects whether the belts 120 a and 120 b are attached to and detached from the winding shaft 122 and the fixed shaft 124. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a connecting bar A <b> 201 is arranged in parallel with the winding shaft 122. Similarly, a connecting bar B202 is arranged in parallel with the fixed shaft 124. In this embodiment, the connection bar A201 and the connection bar B201 together with a switch described below constitute a detection unit that detects a state when the belt is attached / detached. When the belts 120a and 120b are attached, the connection bar A201 approaches the take-up shaft 122 and the switch operates, and the connection bar B202 approaches the fixed shaft 124 and the switch operates.

  FIG. 2B schematically shows the relationship between the connection bar A201, the connection bar B202, and the switch when the subject 101 of FIG. 1B is fixed and examined. As shown in the figure, the connecting bar A201 and the connecting bar B202 are connected to the take-up shaft 122 and the fixed shaft 124 by the support shaft 203, respectively. When the hooks of the belts 120a and 120b are applied, they approach the winding shaft 122 and the fixed shaft 124, respectively. Switches 204A and 204B are respectively installed at the leading ends of the winding shaft 122 and the fixed shaft 124. The switch 204A is turned on by the approaching connection bar A201, and the switch 204B is turned on by the connection bar B202. A spring (not shown) is inserted on the outer periphery of the support shaft 203 to prevent unintentional switching. The connection bar A 201 and the connection bar B 202 may be divided into two parts, and switches may be installed at both ends of the winding shaft 122 and the fixed shaft 124. Thereby, the operation mode can be switched only when the pair of switches at both ends are ON, so that the state detection can be ensured, and the malfunction when the installation state of the belts 120a and 120b is insufficient can be prevented.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a transmission mechanism that transmits the power of the left-right motion of the top-left-right motion part in the configuration of the present embodiment to the take-up shaft that winds the belts 120a, 120b will be described. The top plate left-right moving part 118 is inside the support frame 108, and transmits the power of the motor 301 to the chain 304 by the sprocket 303, thereby moving the top plate 102 in the left-right direction. In the configuration of this embodiment, a clutch 302 that functions as a transmission mechanism is disposed between the motor 301 and the sprocket 303. When the clutch 302 is OFF, the power of the motor 301 is transmitted only to the sprocket 303 and the top plate 102 moves left and right. . When the clutch 302 is ON, the power of the motor 301 is switched to the gear 305 side, and the winding shaft 122 rotates. Since the gear 305 is provided with a ratchet mechanism, the rotation direction of the winding shaft 122 is limited to one direction. The clutch 302 as a transmission mechanism is turned ON / OFF in conjunction with the switch 204A and the switch 204B as described in detail below.

  FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the operation of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present embodiment and a state table. In the figure, switch A and switch B indicate a switch 204A and a switch 204B of the detection unit, respectively. (I) in the figure is a state table showing the state of the apparatus, and the control unit 116 controls the operation state of the apparatus, X-ray irradiation, and the like corresponding to ON / OFF of the switch A and the switch B. In other words, based on the attachment / detachment state of the winding belts 120a and 120b detected by the detection unit, the X-ray irradiation by the X-ray generation unit 103 is switched ON / OFF.

  First, (A) the stretcher 123 is placed on a see-through table, that is, a support frame 108 provided with a top plate left and right moving portion 118 inside, and (B) the winding belts 120a and 120b are set as shown in FIG. 1A. . As a result, the switch 204A is turned on and the switch 204B is turned off, and the clutch 302 is turned on and the winding shaft 122 can rotate as shown in the state table (I) according to the detection signal of the detection unit. In this state, (C) the subject moves to the fluoroscopic table side by tilting the left / right moving lever of the operation unit 117. In other words, after the detection unit detects the attachment of the take-up belts 120a and 120b to the take-up shaft 122 and the removal state from the fixed shaft, the transmission mechanism takes up the power of the top and bottom moving unit 118 and takes up the take-up shaft 122. And control to take up the belt.

  After the subject is moved to the fluoroscopic table side, that is, on the top plate 102 supported by the support frame 108, (D) the subject is fixed by the winding belts 120a and 120b. When the subject 101 is in a fixed state, both the switch 204A and the switch 204B are turned on. At this time, as shown in the (I) state table, the clutch 302 is turned off and the top / bottom movement unit 118 operates to enable X-ray irradiation and normal fluoroscopic inspection can be performed. In other words, after detecting the attachment of the take-up belts 120a and 120b to the take-up shaft 122 and the fixed shaft 124, control is performed so that the X-ray irradiation of the X-ray generation unit 103 can be turned on. (E) After the start and end of the inspection, (F) the winding belts 120a and 120b are set as shown in FIG. 1C. As a result, the switch 204A is turned on, the switch 204B is turned off, the clutch 302 is turned on again, and the winding shaft 122 can be rotated. In this state, (G) the subject is moved to the stretcher 123 side by tilting the left / right movement lever of the operation unit 117, and (H) the subject movement is completed. In other words, after the detection unit detects the attachment of the take-up belts 120a and 120b to the take-up shaft 122 and the removal state from the fixed shaft, the control unit 116 determines the power of the top plate left and right moving unit 118. Is transferred to the take-up shaft 122 and the belt is taken up to control the movement of the subject to the stretcher.

  (I) As shown in the state table, when both the switch A and the switch B are OFF, the belt 120 is not in use, and the top plate is used for inspections that do not require fixation of the subject 101, preparation before and after the inspection, and cleaning up. The left and right moving unit 118 operates and normal operation can be performed. In this manner, according to the state of movement, fixation, and examination of the subject 101, the top / bottom movement and the winding operation are switched according to the ON / OFF state of the switches A and B. Therefore, the operator can change the belts 120a and 120b. It is possible to perform everything from the replacement of the subject 101 to the inspection and the withdrawal from the see-through table side to the stretcher 123 after the inspection.

  As shown in the lowermost part of the state table of (I) in the figure, when the switch A is OFF and the switch B is ON, the belts 120a and 120b are unintentionally dropped during inspection, or are not sufficiently fixed. Therefore, the operation of the motor 301 is prohibited by the control of the control unit 116. In other words, when the detection unit detects removal of at least one of the belts 120a and 120b from the winding shaft 122 and attachment to the fixed shaft 124, the operation of the motor and the X-ray generation unit of the X-ray fluoroscopic diagnosis apparatus is performed. Control to prohibit. Further, inadvertent exposure can be prevented by prohibiting X-ray irradiation during the winding operation for moving the subject when the switch 204A is ON and the switch 204B is OFF. As described above, in the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present embodiment, the states of the switches A and B are detected by the detection unit, and based on the detection result, the control unit 116 executes device control with consideration for safety. It becomes possible.

  According to the present invention described in detail above, it is possible to provide an X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus that facilitates the replacement of the subject and reduces the burden on the subject, the nurse, and the operator.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for better understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

  Further, the above-described configuration, function, processing unit, control unit, and the like have been described with respect to an example of creating a program that realizes part or all of them. Needless to say, it may be realized by hardware. That is, all or a part of the functions of the processing unit may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA) instead of the program.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus 101 Subject 102 Top plate 103 X-ray generation part 104 X-ray detection part 105 X-ray aperture device 106 Support column 107 Support column movement mechanism part 108 Support frame 109 Connection part 110 Connection part movement mechanism part 111 Stand part 112 High voltage generation unit 113 X-ray image processing unit 114 Display unit 115 Storage unit 116 Control unit 117 Operation unit 118 Top / bottom movement unit 119 Grip rod 120a, 120b Belt 121 Mat 122 Winding shaft 123 Stretcher (bed)
124 Fixed shaft 125 Handrail 201 Connection bar A
202 Connecting bar B
203 Support shaft 204A, 204B Switch 301 Motor 302 Clutch 303 Sprocket 304 Chain 305 Gear

Claims (7)

X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus,
A top plate on which the subject is placed;
A support frame for supporting the top plate;
An X-ray detection unit that is disposed opposite to an X-ray generation unit that irradiates the subject with X-rays and detects X-rays transmitted through the subject;
A top-plate left-right moving part that moves the top plate in a short direction;
A winding shaft installed on the support frame and capable of being wound by attaching a belt;
A transmission mechanism that transmits the power of the left and right moving portion of the top plate to the winding shaft,
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to claim 1,
It further includes a fixed shaft that is installed on the side of the top plate and to which the other end of the belt can be attached.
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to claim 2,
A detection unit for detecting a state of attaching and detaching the belt to and from the winding shaft and the fixed shaft;
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to claim 3,
Based on the attachment / detachment state of the belt detected by the detection unit, ON / OFF switching of X-ray irradiation by the X-ray generation unit is switched.
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to claim 4,
The X-ray irradiation can be turned on after the detection unit detects the attachment of the belt to the winding shaft and the attachment to the fixed shaft.
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to claim 4,
After the detection unit detects the attachment of the belt to the take-up shaft and the removal state from the fixed shaft, the transmission mechanism transmits the power of the left-right moving unit of the top plate to the take-up shaft. And wind up the belt,
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to claim 4,
When the detection unit detects removal of the belt from the winding shaft and attachment to the fixed shaft, the operation of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus is prohibited.
X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus characterized by the above.

Images