JP2018024035A - Spindle device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a possibility that a bearing is burned in a spindle device.SOLUTION: A spindle device is formed including: a cylindrical fixing part 21; a rotation part 22 provided at the radial inner side of the fixing part 21; a bearing 23 disposed between the fixing part 21 and the rotation part 22; fluid flow means 26 which is disposed at one axial side of the bearing 23 and disposed between the fixing part 21 and the rotation part 22; lubricant supply means 12 which supplies a lubricant from the one axial side of the bearing 23 to the bearing 23; and lubricant discharge means 13 which discharges the lubricant supplied to the bearing 23 from the other axial side of the bearing 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle device provided in a machine tool.

  A machine tool is provided with a spindle device that is capable of mounting a tool and rotating the tool. The main shaft device is provided with a substantially cylindrical main shaft fixing portion (housing) and a substantially columnar main shaft rotating portion (spindle) that is rotatably supported in the main shaft fixing portion via a bearing.

  Further, the spindle device is provided with a rotary joint for transferring and receiving (feeding and discharging) fluid between the spindle fixing portion and the spindle rotating portion. Examples of the fluid supplied and discharged through the rotary joint in the spindle device include cutting oil for cooling the workpiece, cooling oil for cooling the spindle device, and the like.

Japanese Patent No. 44744041

  In the rotary joint, there is a possibility that a fluid leakage occurs in which the fluid flowing through the rotary joint leaks to the outside (inside the main shaft device) due to various causes such as deterioration of the member. When the fluid that has flowed out due to liquid leakage in the rotary joint has washed away the lubricant (grease, etc.) supplied to the bearing, the bearing will burn out.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to employ a mechanism for preventing liquid leakage in the rotary joint (see, for example, Patent Document 1) in order to prevent burning of the bearing in the spindle device. However, even if such a mechanism for preventing liquid leakage in the rotary joint is employed, if liquid leakage occurs due to deterioration or damage of members in the mechanism, the lubricant supplied to the bearing is washed away. The bearing will burn out.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the possibility that a bearing in a spindle device will burn out.

  A spindle apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is interposed between a cylindrical fixing portion, a rotating portion provided radially inside the fixing portion, and the fixing portion and the rotating portion. And a fluid flow means disposed between the fixed part and the rotating part, and supplying lubricant to the bearing from one axial side of the bearing. And a lubricant discharge means for discharging the lubricant supplied to the bearing from the other axial side of the bearing.

  The spindle device according to a second aspect of the present invention for solving the above problem is the spindle device according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the lubricant supply means is formed on one axial side of the bearing and supplies the lubricant to the bearing. The lubricant discharge means is formed at a position different from the supply port in the axial direction on the other side in the axial direction and has a circumferential phase different from that of the supply port, and discharges the lubricant. It is characterized by being provided.

  A main spindle device according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the main spindle device according to the first or second invention, wherein the main spindle device is arranged between the bearing and the fluid circulation means, and the axial direction fluid and lubricant A sealing means for sealing distribution is provided.

  A spindle device according to a fourth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the spindle device according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the lubricant supply means supplies oil mist or oil air as a lubricant to the bearing. It is what supplies.

  According to the spindle device of the first aspect of the present invention, the lubricant is continuously supplied to the bearing by supplying the lubricant to the bearing from one side in the axial direction and discharging the lubricant from the bearing from the other side in the axial direction. Even if liquid leakage occurs in the fluid circulation means (for example, a rotary joint), the possibility of the bearing being burned out can be reduced. Further, since the lubricant is continuously supplied to the bearing from the side where the fluid circulation means is arranged by the lubricant supply means and the lubricant discharge means, even if liquid leakage occurs in the fluid circulation means, The supply and discharge of the agent is not hindered.

  According to the spindle device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the lubricant is easily supplied to the entire bearing by disposing the supply port and the discharge port in the circumferential direction.

  According to the spindle device according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the flow of the fluid and the lubricant between the space where the bearing is disposed and the other space by the sealing means. Therefore, the outflow of the lubricant supplied to the bearing and the inflow of fluid (for example, cutting oil, cooling oil, etc.) to the bearing can be suppressed.

  According to the spindle device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to smoothly supply and discharge the lubricant, and to reduce the possibility that the bearing will burn out.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the spindle apparatus which concerns on Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a main spindle body in the main spindle device according to Embodiment 1.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a spindle device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  A structure of the spindle device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a spindle device 1 provided in a machine tool includes a spindle body 11 on which a tool (not shown) can be mounted and rotated, and an oil mist that can supply oil mist (lubricant) to the spindle body 11. A supply device (lubricant supply means) 12, an oil mist discharge device (lubricant discharge means) 13 that can be discharged, and a cutting oil supply device 14 that can supply cutting oil to the main spindle body 11 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the main spindle body 11 is rotatably supported on a substantially cylindrical main spindle fixing portion (housing) 21 that is an outer shell of the main spindle main body 11 and on the radially inner side of the main spindle fixing portion 11. The main shaft rotating part (spindle) 22 is substantially composed of a substantially cylindrical shape. In the main spindle body 11, an annular bearing 23 is interposed between the main spindle fixing portion 21 and the main spindle rotating portion 22, so that the main spindle rotating portion 22 is smoothly rotated with respect to the main spindle fixing portion 21. ing.

  Here, the spindle rotating unit 22 is driven to rotate with respect to the spindle fixing unit 21 by driving a rotation driving unit (built-in motor) (not shown) provided in the spindle main body 11. In addition, a tool (not shown) is detachably attached to the distal end side (the lower side in FIG. 2) of the spindle rotating unit 22, and the tool (not shown) is rotationally driven together with the spindle rotating unit 22. A predetermined process is applied to a workpiece (not shown).

An oil mist supply passage (lubricant supply means) 31 that penetrates in the radial direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2) is provided on the side of the main shaft fixing portion 21 near the bearing 23. An oil mist supply connected to an oil mist supply device 12 (see FIG. 1) is provided on one side of the oil mist supply flow path 31 (the radially outer side of the main shaft fixing portion 21 and the right side in FIG. 2). tube 12a is attached, the other end of the oil mist supply passage 31 (a radially inner main shaft fixing portion 21, the left side in FIG. 2), the oil mist facing the bearing space S ₂₃ A supply port (lubricant supply means) 31a is formed.

The bearing space S ₂₃ is a space in which the bearing 23 is disposed between the main shaft fixing portion 21 and the main shaft rotating portion 22, and the bearing space is formed by gap seals (sealing means) 24 and 25 provided in the vicinity of the bearing 23. S ₂₃ is formed. Here, one gap seal 24 is disposed on one axial side of the bearing 23 (the upper side in FIG. 2), and the other gap seal 25 is disposed on the other axial side of the bearing 23 (see FIG. 2). 2 is arranged on the lower side).

In other words, the bearing space S ₂₃ is (in FIG. 2, vertical) axis direction of the bearing 23 is sealed by a gap sealing 24, 25 that are disposed on both sides, the oil mist supplied to the bearing space S ₂₃ is , so as not to flow out to other spaces S _24, S ₂₅ adjacent to the bearing space S _23. Here, one of the space (first space) S ₂₄ are separated by a bearing space S ₂₃ and clearance seals 24 between the main shaft fixing portion 21 and the main shaft rotation portion 22, one axial direction of the bearing space S ₂₃ The other space (second space) S ₂₅ is a space located on the side, and is separated by the bearing space S ₂₃ and the gap seal 25 between the main shaft fixing portion 21 and the main shaft rotating portion 22. ₂₃ is a space located on the other side in the axial direction.

  The oil mist supply port 31a is located on one side in the axial direction of the bearing 23 and is formed to open toward the bearing 23 (toward the other side in the axial direction and radially inward). Therefore, the oil mist supplied from the oil mist supply device 12 (see FIG. 1) to the main spindle body 11 via the oil mist supply pipe 12a passes through the oil mist supply passage 31 and the oil mist supply port 31a to the bearing 23. Are sprayed from one side in the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, an oil mist discharge passage (lubricant discharge means) 41 penetrating in the radial direction is provided on a side portion of the main shaft fixing portion 21 near the bearing 23. One side of the oil mist discharge flow path 41 (a radially inner main shaft fixing portion 21, the right side in FIG. 2), the oil mist discharge port facing the bearing space S ₂₃ (lubricant discharging means) 41a Is formed on the other end side of the oil mist discharge passage 41 (on the radially outer side of the main shaft fixing portion 21 and on the left side in FIG. 2) (see FIG. 1). The oil mist discharge pipe 13a connected to is attached.

The oil mist discharge port 41a is located on the other side in the axial direction of the bearing 23, and at a position out of phase with the oil mist supply port 31a in the circumferential direction (in FIG. 2, in the circumferential direction opposite to the oil mist supply port 31a). And at a position different by 180 ° in the circumferential direction). Therefore, along with its sprayed from the oil mist supply port 31a to the bearing 23 (which is supplied to the bearing space S ₂₃₎ oil mist flows along the said bearing 23 in one circumferential direction or the other circumferential side, the It flows from the one axial side to the other axial side so as to pass through the bearing 23 (in the axial direction), and is discharged from the oil mist discharge port 41a.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the main spindle body 11, a rotary joint (fluid circulation means) 26 is interposed between the main spindle fixing section 21 and the main spindle rotating section 22, and the main spindle fixing section 21 (fixed side) ) And the main spindle rotating portion 22 (rotating side). The rotary joint 26 is disposed on the base end side of the main spindle body 11 (on the side mounted on the machine tool main body and on the upper side in FIG. 2), and the first cutting formed in the main spindle fixing portion 21. The oil supply flow path 51, the second cutting oil supply flow path 52 formed in the rotary joint 26, and the third cutting oil supply flow path 53 formed in the main shaft rotating portion 22 are communicated with each other. Yes.

  Here, the first cutting oil supply channel 51 of the spindle fixing portion 21 is substantially the center (radial center) of the end of the spindle fixing portion 21 on the machine tool main body side (the upper end in FIG. 2). And the second cutting oil supply flow path 52 of the rotary joint 26 is positioned substantially at the center (radially central portion) of the rotary joint 26 and has a shaft. The third cutting oil supply passage 53 of the main spindle rotating portion 22 is positioned substantially at the center (radially central portion) of the main spindle rotating portion 22 so as to penetrate in the axial direction. Is formed.

  A cutting oil connected to the cutting oil supply device 14 (see FIG. 1) on one side of the first cutting oil supply passage 51 (the base end side of the main spindle body 11 and the upper side in FIG. 2). A supply pipe 14a is attached. Therefore, the cutting oil supplied from the cutting oil supply device 14 (see FIG. 1) to the main spindle body 11 via the cutting oil supply pipe 14a is supplied to the main spindle fixing portion 21 (first cutting oil supply passage 51) and the rotary joint. 26 (second cutting oil supply flow path 52) is supplied to the main spindle rotating part 22 (third cutting oil supply flow path 53), and the front end side of the main spindle rotating part 22 (the lower side in FIG. 2) ) To be sprayed onto a workpiece (not shown).

  The operation of the spindle device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  In the machine tool provided with the spindle device 1, a tool (not shown) is mounted on the spindle rotating unit 22, and the spindle rotating unit 22 and the tool are rotationally driven with respect to the spindle fixing unit 21 by a spindle driving unit (not shown). Then, cutting is performed on a workpiece (not shown) (see FIG. 2).

  In cutting by a machine tool provided with the spindle device 1, cutting oil for cooling the workpiece and a tool (not shown) is sprayed onto a workpiece in a workpiece (not shown). The cutting oil is supplied from the cutting oil supply device 14 via the cutting oil supply pipe 14a, the main shaft fixing portion 21 (first cutting oil supply passage 51), and the rotary joint 26 (second cutting oil supply passage 52). It is circulated through the main spindle rotating part 22 (third cutting oil supply channel 53), and is sprayed from a jetting port (not shown) provided on the front end side of the main spindle rotating part 22 to a workpiece in a workpiece (not shown). .

  In this manner, by spraying the cutting oil onto the workpiece in the workpiece (not shown), seizure of the workpiece and the tool can be prevented.

In the cutting process by the machine tool provided with the spindle device 1, oil mist as a lubricant is supplied to and discharged from the bearing 23. Oil mist, after being supplied to the bearing space S ₂₃ from the oil mist supply device 12 through the oil mist supply pipe 12a and the main shaft fixing portion 21 (oil mist supply passage 31), the main shaft fixed from the bearing space S ₂₃ It is discharged to the oil mist discharge device 13 through the part 21 (oil mist discharge flow path 41) and the oil mist discharge pipe 13a.

In the bearing space S ₂₃ , the oil mist is sprayed from the oil mist supply port 31 a to one side in the axial direction of the bearing 23 and flows along the bearing 23 to one side in the circumferential direction or the other side in the circumferential direction. After being circulated from the one side in the axial direction to the other side in the axial direction (in the axial direction) so as to pass through 23, the oil is discharged from the oil mist discharge port 41a.

  Thus, by supplying and discharging the oil mist to and from the bearing 23, the bearing 23 can function smoothly, and the spindle rotating portion 22 can be smoothly rotated with respect to the spindle fixing portion 21.

Incidentally, the bearing space S ₂₃ where the oil mist is supplied is sealed by clearance seals 24 and 25, so does not flow out to other spaces S _24, S _25, to supply and discharge the excess oil mist There is no need, and the oil mist supply device 12 and the oil mist do not need to operate the output device 13 wastefully.

  As described above, in the machine tool provided with the spindle device 1, the cutting oil supply from the cutting oil supply device 14 to the spindle body 11 and the oil from the oil mist supply device 12 to the spindle body 11 during the cutting process. Mist is supplied and oil mist is discharged from the main spindle body 11 to the oil mist discharging device 13.

  Even if liquid leakage occurs in the rotary joint 26 of the main spindle body 11, the oil mist is not supplied to or discharged from the bearing 23.

When the liquid leakage in the rotary joint 26 is generated, the cutting oil flows out to the space S ₂₄ surrounding the rotary joint 26, the pressure of cutting oil in the space S ₂₄ is increased followed by outflow of the cutting oil, cutting oil flows into the bearing space S ₂₃ through the clearance seal 24.

  The oil mist supply port 31a is disposed on one axial side of the bearing 23 and on the side where the rotary joint 26 is disposed, and the oil mist discharge port 41a is disposed on the other axial side of the bearing 23 and is on the rotary joint. 26 is disposed on the side opposite to the side on which 26 is disposed.

Accordingly, cutting oil flowing into the bearing space S ₂₃ flows out of the rotary joint 26 toward the space between the main shaft fixing portion 21 and the main shaft rotation portion 22 from one axial side to the other axial side, i.e., Since the oil mist flows in the same direction as the flow direction of the oil mist, the oil mist is supplied to the bearing 23 by the oil mist supply device 12 and the oil mist is discharged from the bearing 23 by the oil mist discharge device 13 by the leaked cutting oil. There is no hindrance.

  That is, even if a member in the rotary joint 26 is deteriorated or damaged, and liquid leakage occurs in the rotary joint 26, the oil mist supplied to the bearing 23 is washed away by the cutting oil flowing out from the rotary joint 26. However, since the oil mist supply to the bearing 23 by the oil mist supply device 12 and the oil mist discharge from the bearing 23 by the oil mist discharge device 13 are continued, there is no possibility of the bearing 23 being burned out.

The cutting oil flowing out from the rotary joint 26 flows into the oil mist discharge port 41a together with the oil mist supplied to the bearing 23, and the oil mist discharge device 13 through the oil mist discharge passage 41 and the oil mist discharge pipe 13a. is exhausted to, there is no possibility to flow out to the other space S _25.

  Further, by using oil (lubricant) having the same viscosity as the cutting oil as the oil mist supplied to the bearing 23, a difference in viscosity resistance between the oil mist and the cutting oil when the cutting oil flows into the bearing 23. The influence by can be reduced.

  The lubricant supply means and the lubricant discharge means according to the present invention may be any means as long as the lubricant can be supplied to and discharged from the bearing, and the oil mist supply device 12 for supplying and discharging the oil mist and the oil as in the present embodiment. For example, an oil / air supply device and an oil / air discharge device that supply / discharge oil air may be used.

1 Spindle device 11 Spindle body 12 Oil mist supply device (lubricant supply means)
12a Oil mist supply pipe (lubricant supply means)
13 Oil mist discharging device (lubricant discharging means)
13a Oil mist discharge pipe (lubricant discharge means)
14 Cutting oil supply device 14a Cutting oil supply pipe 21 Spindle fixing part (housing)
22 Spindle rotation part (spindle)
23 Bearing 24 Gap seal (sealing means)
25 Clearance seal (sealing means)
26 Rotary joint (fluid distribution means)
31 Oil mist supply channel (lubricant supply means)
31a Oil mist supply port (lubricant supply means)
41 Oil mist discharge passage (lubricant discharge means)
41a Oil mist discharge port (lubricant discharge means)
51 first cutting oil feed passage 52 a second cutting oil feed passage 53 a third cutting oil supply passage S ₂₃ bearing space S ₂₄ first space S ₂₅ second space

Claims (4)

A cylindrical fixing part;
A rotating part provided radially inward of the fixed part;
A bearing interposed between the fixed portion and the rotating portion;
A fluid circulation means that is disposed on one axial side of the bearing and that exchanges fluid between the fixed portion and the rotating portion;
Lubricant supply means for supplying lubricant to the bearing from one axial side of the bearing;
And a lubricant discharging means for discharging the lubricant supplied to the bearing from the other axial side of the bearing. The lubricant supply means includes a supply port that is formed on one side in the axial direction of the bearing and supplies the lubricant to the bearing.
The lubricant discharging means includes a discharge port that is formed at a position that is different from the supply port in the circumferential direction on the other side in the axial direction of the bearing and discharges the lubricant. The spindle device according to claim 1. The spindle device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a sealing unit that is disposed between the bearing and the fluid circulation unit, and seals a fluid and a lubricant in the axial direction. . The spindle device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricant supply means supplies oil mist or oil air as a lubricant to the bearing.

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