JP2018023075A - Communication device, communication method, and communication program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a communication device, a communication method, and a communication program that, if a function is separated into components, enable coordinated switching among the components.SOLUTION: A communication device includes an issuance source for issuing switching instructions and components to carry out a switching process. The components to carry out obtains the switching instructions from the issuance source or another component, and carries out the switching process, or carries out the switching process and also transmits the switching instructions to other components to carry it out.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a communication device, a communication method, and a communication program.

  A communication system (optical access system) including a communication device includes, for example, a PON (Passive Optical Network) system. The PON system includes an ONU (Optical Network Unit: optical subscriber line terminator) installed in a customer's premises and the like, and an OLT (Optical Line Terminal: optical subscriber line terminal device) that is a communication device installed in the office building. ) And an optical fiber network that connects the two (see Non-Patent Document 1).

  In a communication device, a function with low dependency on at least one of the device conformance standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor is made into a component, and an application programming interface (API: Application Programming Interface), etc. of the function is entered. By clarifying at least part of the output interface (IF: Interface) and improving versatility, portability, and extensibility, devices that differ in compliance standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor Can be easily shared and unique functions can be added (see Non-Patent Document 2).

ITU-T G.989.1 40-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (NG-PON2), 2013 FASA, [online], NTT Access Service Systems Laboratories, [Search July 20, 2016], Internet <http://www.ansl.ntt.co.jp/j/FASA/index.html>

  When a function that has low dependency on at least one of equipment conformance standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor is made into a component, the location of the component is not limited to the same enclosure, but distributed to multiple enclosures. May be placed. Moreover, the components in the housing of the device may be used as components constituting another device.

  However, the wavelength, core wire, core, mode, code, frequency, (sub) carrier, etc., and the combination of ONUs in combination thereof, the wavelength, core wire, core, mode, code, frequency, (sub) carrier, etc. Signal switching is performed in cooperation between components such as CT (Channel Termination), OSU (Optical Subscriber Unit) as a group of CT, OLT, or SW (Switch) inside and outside the OLT. A means to do this is required.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a communication device, a communication method, and a communication program that can be switched in cooperation between components when the functions are converted into components.

  One aspect of the present invention includes a source that issues a switching instruction and a component that performs a switching process. The component that performs the acquisition acquires the switching instruction from the source or another part, and performs a switching process. Or it is a communication apparatus which transmits the said switching instruction | indication to the other said components to implement together with a switching process.

  One aspect of the present invention is the communication device described above, wherein the source is a time required for switching the signal conversion between the source and the component to be implemented, routing or propagation of the switching instruction, and the like. If the difference is less than the threshold, the switching instruction is transmitted to the component to be implemented.

  One embodiment of the present invention is the communication device described above, wherein the source is a difference in time required for switching of signal conversion, routing, propagation, and the like between the source and the component to be performed is equal to or greater than a threshold value If so, the time to transmit the switching instruction or the time until switching of the path component switching instruction is adjusted by at least one of the component that propagates to the source and the component that implements so as to compensate for the time difference. To do.

  One aspect of the present invention is a communication method executed by a communication device including a source that issues a switching instruction and a component that performs a switching process, wherein the component that performs the switching instruction includes the source or the The communication method includes a step of acquiring from another component and transmitting the switching instruction to another component to be implemented together with the switching process or the switching process.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, in a computer of a communication device that includes a source that issues a switching instruction and a component that performs switching processing, the component to be executed acquires the switching instruction from the source or another component And a communication program for executing a switching process or a procedure for transmitting the switching instruction to another component to be implemented together with the switching process.

  According to the present invention, when functions are converted into components, it is possible to switch between components in cooperation.

It is a figure which shows the 1st example of a structure of the PON system in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a structure of NG-PON2 which can be taken with high reliability in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the path | route of a switching instruction | indication in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of a structure of the PON system in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the architecture of the communication apparatus in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of the architecture of a communication apparatus in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the architecture of a communication apparatus in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 4th example of the architecture of a communication apparatus in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of an architecture in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a structure of the communication apparatus and external server in embodiment. In the embodiment, the ITU-T G. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of an optical access system compliant with the 989 series. It is a figure which shows the flow of the signal / information between the function parts in a communication apparatus in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the function structure which the PON main signal processing function part in embodiment has. It is a figure which shows the example of the function structure which the PON access control function part has in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a function structure which the L2 main signal processing function part in embodiment has. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the function structure which the maintenance operation function part has in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of a structure of the function which the maintenance operation function part has in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the function structure which the maintenance operation function part has in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the function structure which the PON multicast function part in embodiment has. It is a figure which shows the example of the function structure which the power saving control function part in embodiment has. It is a figure which shows the example of the function structure which the frequency and time synchronous function part in embodiment has. It is a figure which shows the example of the function structure which the protection function part has in embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
The communication device is a device that executes communication with another communication device by a signal such as an optical signal passing through a communication network such as an optical fiber network such as PON. The communication device is, for example, an OLT. The communication device may be an OSU, for example. The communication device may be, for example, a combination of an OLT that includes or does not include a switch unit (SW) that switches an optical signal and another switch unit (SW). The communication device may be a combination of OLT and ONU, for example. The communication device may include a plurality of devices.

  The communication device includes, for example, an application (for example, a FASA application) that is a software component realized by using a generalized input / output interface (for example, a FASA application API) that has different functions for each service or each communication carrier. A basic component of an access network device that provides a function that does not need to be changed according to a service or a request (for example, FASA base) because the input / output interface that is generalized to the application is provided and standardized. ). Here, by using a generalized input / output interface, it is possible to easily add and replace functions, and flexibly and quickly provide services with various requirements.

  Communication between components is via middleware, which will be described later, but the communication device's own transfer path and means may be used, and OPENFLOW, NETCONF / YANG, SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), etc. are standardized. Other means may be used. Also, it may be any of routes such as internal wiring, backboard, OAM unit, main signal line, dedicated wiring, operation system, controller, or control panel (Cont panel). When the exchange is directly terminated and input, it may be encapsulated in an OAM unit or a main signal. The exchange may be terminated at any point and input via a route such as an internal wiring, backboard, OAM unit, main signal line, dedicated wiring, operation system, controller, or control panel. When using an OAM unit or a main signal line, it is desirable to encapsulate the OAM or main signal. When the main signal line is passed, it is desirable to distribute it by the OSU or the switch part at another location.

  Next, as an example, the operation and the like are illustrated on the premise of the PON OLT conforming to the ITU-T recommendation such as a TWDM (Time and Wavelength Division Multiplex) -PON system. Here, although TWDM-PON is used, the PON may be a PON other than the TWDM-PON compliant with the ITU-T recommendation. The PON may be a PON conforming to IEEE standards such as GE (Gigabit Ethernet (registered trademark))-PON, 10GE-PON, and the like. The TC (Transmission Convergence) layer and PMD (Physical Medium Dependent) layer are the same if they are read as corresponding layers in the standard.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a PON system 1 (communication device). The PON system 1 includes customer-side ONUs 2-1 to 2-N (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1), ODN3 (Optical Distribution Network), station-side OLT 4, controller 5, and controller 6. Is provided. The controller 5 and the controller 6 may be an integrated controller.

  The ODN 3 propagates an optical signal between the ONU 2 and the OLT 4 (PON section). The OLT 4 includes a CT 40 (terminal portion) as a component. The OLT 4 includes a SW 41 (switch) as a component. CT40 terminates the signal for each wavelength in the PON section. SW41 distributes the signal in OLT4. The controller 5 and the controller 6 control the CT 40 and the SW 41 of the OLT 4 respectively.

  Wavelength, core wire, core, mode, code, frequency, (sub) carrier, etc., and combinations thereof (wavelength in TWDM-PON), wavelength, core wire, core, mode, code, frequency used between ONU and OLT Terminals that terminate (sub) carriers or combinations thereof, such as CT (CT in TWDM-PON), CT etc.-SW, CT etc. group-SW, OSU-SW, OLT-SW The parts change (switch) the destination of the signal between them and / or the source. Presence / absence of time synchronization between components including the controller 5 and / or the controller 6 and the synchronization subject, acquisition by measurement and calculation of delay required for change (switching), switching of CT, CT, etc. group, OSU, OLT, SW The following switching is performed in cooperation with the main body, the controller, the common signal line connecting the apparatus and the controller, and the main signal passing between the components.

(1) Instruction from the controller (when the switching subject is the controller)
1 and other controllers such as the controller 5 and 6 shown in FIG. 1 that control the control panel and the device, and other controllers such as setting control-related applications inside and outside the device, switch at least to the parts related to the switching. Give instructions.

  When switching between components synchronously, the switching instruction measures or calculates in advance the time required for switching between the controller and the corresponding component, switching, routing, propagation, etc., and the time for the main signal to propagate between components. This is performed when the time required for the switching or the time obtained by adding and subtracting the time for the main signal to propagate between the parts is approximately equal.

  For example, the term “substantially equal” means, for example, a predetermined traffic type that conducts at a switching time lag for a time equal to or less than a predetermined percentage of time allowed for switching, and a predetermined traffic type if there is an upper limit of bandwidth. Is the time during which the amount of information that can be conducted in a band below the upper limit value falls within a predetermined value (for example, the amount that can be buffered without discarding the main signal). If they are not approximately equal, for example, it is desirable to perform the following processing.

(A) The instruction issue time is shifted so as to compensate for the time lag. For example, the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission source and the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission destination plus the time required for the main signal to propagate between the components. Delay the departure time to, or advance the departure time for the longer time. For example, when the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission source is less than the time required for switching the main signal to be transmitted between components and the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission destination. Delay the departure time to, or advance the departure time for the longer time. The adjustment of the issue time may be performed at the issue source, may be delayed with a component in the middle of propagation, may be performed with a component to be switched, or may be prorated with some of them. . The same applies to the following examples. If the time for propagation between parts can be ignored, the time does not have to be added or subtracted. In (A), it is possible to synchronize switching even if the controllers and components are not time synchronized with each other.

(B) Time synchronization is performed between the components, and the instruction instructs switching at a time obtained by adding a time longer than the longer time required for the instruction to the time of issuing the instruction. In addition, when the time which propagates between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract similarly to (A).

(C) The instruction instructs that the longer time required for the instruction is switched earlier by the time corresponding to the time difference after arrival of the instruction. The time instruction may be given at the source, may be rewritten with a component in the middle of propagation, may be rewritten with a component to be switched, or may be rewritten with some of them. The same applies to the following examples. In addition, when the time which propagates between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract similarly to (A). In (C), switching can be synchronized even if the controllers and components are not synchronized in time with each other.

(D) It is set in advance so that the longer the time required for the instruction is equivalent to the time difference after arrival of the instruction, the faster the switching takes place. The setting of the time may be performed at the issuing source, may be performed on a component in the middle of propagation, may be performed on a component to be switched, or may be appropriately determined based on some of them. The same applies to the following examples. In addition, when the time which propagates between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract similarly to (A). In (D), it is possible to synchronize switching even if the controllers and components are not time synchronized with each other.

In the case where the parts belong to different controllers and time synchronization is performed between the controllers, (A) to (D) are possible. If the time is not synchronized between the controllers, the time from when one controller communicates with the other controller to issue an instruction is obtained in advance by measurement or calculation, etc., and (B) is sufficiently larger than the time between deviations between the controllers. Switch after time. Alternatively, (A), (C), and (D) are performed so as to compensate for the time difference including the time from one controller to the other controller to issue an instruction. Compensation here means, for example, that the communication source controller delays the instruction to the part by the time until the other controller issues, or the time required for the instruction or the time required for the instruction plus the time required for propagation of the main signal The time until the other controller issues is added to the communication source controller by the time corresponding to the difference between the two.
Furthermore, when the time synchronization is performed between the components that receive the notification, or when the time synchronization is performed between any component and the controller, the above-described correction may be performed between the synchronized components.

(2) Instructions from the controller through communication via notifications between parts (when the switching subject is the controller)
The controller 5 and 6 in FIG. 1 for controlling applications such as setting control-related applications inside and outside of the apparatus, the Cont board and the apparatus, and other controllers such as OpS are at least one of the parts related to switching. A switching instruction is given through notifications between

  When switching between components synchronously, the switching instruction indicates the time required for switching between conversion, routing, propagation, notification between components, etc. between the controller and the corresponding component, and the time for the main signal to propagate between components. Measurement or calculation is performed in advance, and is performed when the time required for switching or the time obtained by adding and subtracting the time for the main signal to propagate between parts is approximately equal to the time required for switching. Here, the time required for notification between components within the time required for switching is when the notification between components is between components that perform switching processing, from the notification of the notified component to the switching of the component. This is the time required for notification between the components for the component to be notified of, and for the component to be notified of the time until the notified component is switched after the notified component notifies, such as the protection time The same is true whether the switching protocol is 1 phase, 2 phases, or 3 phases. The time required for notification between components within the time required for switching is the time between notifications when the notification between the components is notified and the notified component is switched after the notification of the notification component. Time is the time required for notification between parts. In addition, according to the control from the controller that controls the component that performs the opposite switching process, the component that performs the opposite switching process transmits the switching instruction, and the component that has acquired the switching instruction from the component that performs the opposite switching process is switched. The instruction is transferred to the controller that controls the component, and based on the transferred switching instruction, the controller instructs the component to be switched. In this case, the component that performs the switching process does not need to terminate the switching instruction and follow the switching protocol or the like as long as transfer can be performed.

  “Approximately equal” means, for example, a predetermined traffic type that conducts at a switching time lag and a predetermined upper limit of the bandwidth and a predetermined traffic type if there is an upper limit of bandwidth. Is the time during which the amount of information that can be conducted in a band below the upper limit value falls within a predetermined value (for example, the amount that can be buffered without discarding the main signal). If they are not approximately equal, for example, it is desirable to perform the following processing.

(A) The instruction issue time is shifted so as to compensate for the time lag. For example, the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission source and the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission destination plus the time required for the main signal to propagate between the components. Delay the departure time to, or advance the departure time for the longer time. For example, when the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission source is less than the time required for switching the main signal to be transmitted between components and the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission destination. Delay the departure time to, or advance the departure time for the longer time. The adjustment of the issue time may be performed at the issue source, may be delayed with a component in the middle of propagation, may be performed with a component to be switched, or may be prorated with some of them. . If the time for propagation between parts can be ignored, the time does not have to be added or subtracted. In (A), it is possible to synchronize switching even if the controllers and components are not time synchronized with each other.

(B) Time synchronization is performed between the components, and the instruction instructs switching at a time obtained by adding a time longer than the longer time required for the instruction to the time of issuing the instruction. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A).

(C) The instruction instructs that the longer time required for the instruction is switched earlier by the time corresponding to the time difference after arrival of the instruction. The time instruction may be given at the source, may be rewritten with a component in the middle of propagation, may be rewritten with a component to be switched, or may be rewritten with some of them. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A). In (C), switching can be synchronized even if the controllers and components are not synchronized in time with each other.

(D) It is set in advance so that the longer the time required for the instruction is equivalent to the time difference after arrival of the instruction, the faster the switching takes place. The setting of the time may be performed at the issuing source, may be performed on a component in the middle of propagation, may be performed on a component to be switched, or may be appropriately determined based on some of them. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A). In (D), it is possible to synchronize switching even if the controllers and components are not time synchronized with each other.

  When the parts related to the notification are different and the time synchronization is performed between the parts related to the notification, (A) to (D) are possible. If the time is not synchronized between the parts related to the notification, the time required to communicate from the part related to one notification to the part related to the other notification and issue an instruction is obtained in advance by measurement or calculation, and the notification is sent as (B). Switching is performed after a time sufficiently larger than the time of deviation between the parts. Alternatively, (A), (C), and (D) are performed so as to compensate for the time difference including the time from the part related to one notification to the part related to the other notification to issue the instruction. Compensation here means, for example, that the part related to the notification of the communication source delays the instruction to the part by the time until the part related to the other notification is issued, or the part related to the notification of the communication source is on the other side of the time difference required for the instruction. Add the time until the parts related to the notification are issued.

  When the time synchronization is performed between the components intervening the notification, or when the time synchronization is performed between any component and the controller, the above-described correction may be performed between the synchronized components.

  In addition to the switching protocol, for example, a mechanism for transferring a frame that cannot be processed by the OPENFLOW SW to the controller may be used as an instruction via notification between components. For this purpose, it is desirable to transfer the frame related to the switching to the controller and to set the part to be transferred so as not to remain in the main signal through the main signal.

(3) Notification between parts (when the switching subject is a part)
The component related to switching issues a switching instruction via notification between components at least between the components related to switching.

When switching between components synchronously, the switching instruction is the time required for switching between the notified component and the component to be switched, routing, propagation, notification between components, etc., and the main signal propagates between the components. This is performed when the time required for switching is measured or calculated in advance, and the time required for switching or the time obtained by adding or subtracting the time for the main signal to propagate between components is approximately the same. Here, the time required for notification between components within the time required for switching is when the notification between components is between components that perform switching processing, from the notification of the notified component to the switching of the component. This is the time required for notification between the components for the component to be notified of, and for the component to be notified of the time until the notified component is switched after the notified component notifies, such as the protection time The same is true whether the switching protocol is 1 phase, 2 phases, or 3 phases. The time required for notification between components within the time required for switching is the time between notifications when the notification between the components is notified and the notified component is switched after the notification of the notification component. Time is the time required for notification between parts. Controllers 5 and 6 in FIG. 1 and other controllers such as OpS that control applications such as setting control-related applications inside and outside the device and the Cont board and device during the time required for switching and propagation within the time required for switching. Is included in the notification route, it is desirable to include the time required to propagate the route. The path through the controller or the like is, for example, a component that has acquired a switching instruction from a component that performs the opposite switching process, transfers the switching instruction to the controller that controls the component, and the controller is based on the transferred switching instruction. A switching instruction is given to the component to be switched. In this case, the component that performs the switching process does not need to terminate the switching instruction and follow the switching protocol or the like as long as transfer can be performed.
“Approximately equal” means, for example, a predetermined traffic type that conducts at a switching time lag and a predetermined upper limit of the bandwidth and a predetermined traffic type if there is an upper limit of bandwidth. Is the time during which the amount of information that can be conducted in a band below the upper limit value falls within a predetermined value (for example, the amount that can be buffered without discarding the main signal). If they are not approximately equal, for example, it is desirable to perform the following processing.

(A) The instruction issue time is shifted so as to compensate for the time lag. For example, the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission source and the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission destination plus the time required for the main signal to propagate between the components. Delay the departure time to, or advance the departure time for the longer time. For example, when the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission source is less than the time required for switching the main signal to be transmitted between components and the time required for switching the component close to the main signal transmission destination. Delay the departure time to, or advance the departure time for the longer time. The adjustment of the issue time may be performed at the issue source, may be delayed with a component in the middle of propagation, may be performed with a component to be switched, or may be prorated with some of them. . If the time for propagation between parts can be ignored, the time does not have to be added or subtracted. In (A), switching can be synchronized even if the components are not synchronized in time with each other.

(B) Time synchronization is performed between the components, and the instruction instructs switching at a time obtained by adding a time longer than the longer time required for the instruction to the time of issuing the instruction. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A).

(C) The instruction instructs that the longer time required for the instruction is switched earlier by the time corresponding to the time difference after arrival of the instruction. The time instruction may be given at the source, may be rewritten with a component in the middle of propagation, may be rewritten with a component to be switched, or may be rewritten with some of them. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A). In (C), switching can be synchronized even if the components are not synchronized in time with each other. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A). In (C), switching can be synchronized even if the components are not synchronized in time with each other.

(D) It is set in advance so that the longer the time required for the instruction is, the longer the time required for the instruction is after the arrival of the instruction, the longer the time required for the instruction. The setting of the time may be performed at the issuing source, may be performed on a component in the middle of propagation, may be performed on a component to be switched, or may be appropriately determined based on some of them. In addition, when the time which propagates between components and the time which notification between components cannot be disregarded, it is desirable to add / subtract the time which cannot be disregarded similarly to (A). In (D), the switching can be synchronized even if the components are not synchronized in time with each other.

  When the parts related to the notification are different and the time synchronization is performed between the parts related to the notification, (A) to (D) are possible. If the time is not synchronized between the parts related to the notification, the time required to communicate from the part related to one notification to the part related to the other notification and issue an instruction is obtained in advance by measurement or calculation, and the notification is sent as (B). Switching is performed after a time sufficiently larger than the time of deviation between the parts. Alternatively, (A), (C), and (D) are performed so as to compensate for the time difference including the time from the part related to one notification to the part related to the other notification to issue the instruction. Compensation here means, for example, that the part related to the notification of the communication source delays the instruction to the part by the time until the part related to the other notification is issued, or the part related to the notification of the communication source is on the other side of the time difference required for the instruction. Add the time until the parts related to the notification are issued.

Furthermore, when the time synchronization is performed between the parts that have the notification, or when the time synchronization is performed between any of the parts and the notification part, the above correction may be performed between the synchronized parts. Good.
In addition to the switching protocol, for example, a mechanism for transferring a frame that cannot be processed by the OPENFLOW SW to the controller may be used as an instruction via notification between components. For this purpose, it is desirable to transfer the frame related to the switching to the controller and to set the part to be transferred so as not to remain in the main signal through the main signal.

  Note that the part related to the notification and the part to be switched may be the same. For example, if the switching target component is a CT group composed of a plurality of CTs, or an OSU, OLT, or SW, it is a SW group composed of a plurality of SWs.

  When the part related to the notification is CT or SW and the switching source and the switching destination path are different, the part related to the notification is preferably different from the part to be switched. In particular, in the case of a failure, it is desirable that other components notify the notification-related component in accordance with the notification from the failed component itself, its counterpart device, the monitoring control unit of the device, the application, or the controller.

  Here, the switching may be for load balancing or power saving purposes, or may be switching such as Type B switching. Notification of switching, LOS (Loss of Signal), LOBi (Loss of burst for ONUi), DyingGasp, OSU power OFF, OSU removal, core wire removal, etc., or the sum of bandwidth requests from ONU and OSU or OLT or SW The flow rate at 1 may be detected as an abnormality of the switching trigger when there is a difference greater than a predetermined value without appropriate processing such as flow rate restriction.

  For example, for forced switching and cold standby, frames are buffered by an external device such as a switch (SW), and the start of the standby OSU (Cold Standby) starts within 50 milliseconds after the instruction. However, the downlink traffic does not have a frame loss, the uplink traffic has no frame loss up to the ONU uplink buffer amount, and the communication with the operation information of the operation system is switched without the ranging process.

  For example, in the case of OSU switching (information inheritance, failure, cold standby, buffering with SW in advance for switching), the operating OSU package or fiber is removed, and the set switching protection time and error plus +1 setting unit Since the start of the standby OSU (Cold Standby) is started within this period, a frame loss with the upper limit of the set switching protection time + 1 set unit occurs in the downstream traffic. Further, in the uplink traffic, the OSU is switched without causing a frame loss up to the ONU uplink buffer amount.

  For example, in the case of OSU switching (forced switching, hot standby), activation of the standby OSU (Cold Standby) starts within 50 milliseconds after the instruction, and frame loss does not occur in downlink traffic. In the upstream traffic, the communication with the operational information of the active system is switched without the ranging process without causing a frame loss up to the ONU upstream buffer amount.

  For example, in the case of ONU switching (forced switching, hot standby), activation of (Cold Standby) starts in the standby ONU within 50 milliseconds after the instruction, and no frame loss occurs in downstream traffic. A frame loss whose upper limit is up to, for example, 50 milliseconds occurs, and communication of operation information of the active OSU is started.

  In addition, when the operation information after becoming an abnormal state is normal, the operation information after the transition may be used. However, if abnormal operation information is used, there is a possibility that an abnormal state is obtained. The danger can be mitigated by using the operational state before the abnormality.

  As described above, the PON system 1 (communication device) of the embodiment includes the OLT 4, the controller 5 that controls the CT 40 of the OLT 4, and the controller 6 that controls the SW 41 of the OLT 4. The OLT 4 includes, as components, CTs 40-1 to 40-N that terminate optical signals and SWs 41 that distribute signals to / from the CTs 40-1 to 40-N. When a switching instruction is acquired from the controller, the CT 40 which is a part related to switching performs switching, and transmits a switching instruction to other switching-related parts in some cases. The SW 41 that is a component related to switching performs switching when a switching instruction is acquired from the controller, and transmits the switching instruction to other switching related components in some cases. The component related to switching is switched when a switching instruction is acquired from another component related to switching.

  The controller 5 and the controller 6 that are the source of the switching instruction have a difference in time required for signal conversion, routing, and propagation between the controller 5 or the controller 6 and the component, between the controller 5 and the controller 6, and between the components. When it is less than the threshold value, the switching instruction may be transmitted to at least one of the CT 40 and the SW 41 that perform the switching process. The source of the switching instruction, the part that transfers the switching instruction, and the part that performs the switching process are between the controller 5 or the controller 6 and the part, between the controller 5 and the controller 6, and between the parts, conversion, routing, and propagation When the time difference required for the above is equal to or greater than a threshold value, the time at which the switching instruction is transmitted and the time until the switching may be adjusted so as to compensate for the time difference.

  If the difference in time required for signal conversion, routing, and propagation between the components is less than the threshold, the component that is the source of the switching instruction issues a switching instruction to the components related to switching such as CT 40-1 to 40-N and SW 41. May be sent. The source of the switching instruction, the part that transfers the switching instruction, and the part that performs the switching process are switched to compensate for the time difference when the time difference required for signal conversion, routing, or propagation between the parts is greater than or equal to the threshold value. You may adjust the time which transmits an instruction | indication, and the time until switching.

  A combination of a Pizza-Box type OSU or the like and a device such as White Box Switch is used as an OLT, and these are controlled by a remote controller, and a modular type CT (Channel Termination) that is inserted into an SFP type or XFP type device. There is a configuration in which a device such as a white box SW (Switch) is combined to form an OLT and these are controlled by a remote controller. An example of wavelength switching in NG-PON2 (Next Generation-PON2) that enables high reliability and the like based on these configurations will be described. The example is the same if the wavelength switching is replaced with the combination including the core wire, the core, the mode, the code, the frequency, the (sub) carrier, etc., and the wavelength even in other configurations.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of NG-PON 2 that can be achieved with high reliability and the like. Taking the configuration at the top left as an example, the flow of signals and the operation at the time of failure will be described. The downstream signal directed to the ONU 2 is distributed to the optical subscriber unit 42 (OSU) indicated by an alternate long and short dash line by the SW41 (Switch) at the right end, and is distributed to the CT 40 by the SW (switch) in the optical subscriber unit 42, and the optical branching. It is transmitted and received by an ONU (Optical Network Unit) via the network. In this configuration, when a CT failure occurs, high reliability can be achieved by switching the wavelength of the ONU so that the ONU under the failed CT is under another wavelength CT within the same OSU. However, it does not deal with OSU failures. In other words, the configuration at the upper left does not support OSU failure repair by OSU switching by wavelength switching, and does not support failure rate reduction by reducing the number of components because of two-stage SW, and wavelength switching (wavelength distribution) is SW within OSU. The configuration on the lower left corresponds to OSU failure remedy by OSU switching by wavelength switching, and does not support failure rate reduction by reducing the number of components because of two-stage SW, and wavelength switching (wavelength distribution) is SW outside OSU. The configuration on the upper right is not compatible with OSU failure repair by OSU switching by wavelength switching, and supports failure rate reduction by reducing the number of parts because of one-stage SW, and wavelength switching (wavelength distribution) is SW outside OSU. The configuration on the lower right corresponds to OSU failure remedy by OSU switching by wavelength switching, and corresponds to a failure rate reduction by reducing the number of parts because of one-stage SW, and wavelength switching (wavelength distribution) is SW outside OSU.

  Here, if the CT is an SFP type CT, and the first and second stage SWs are a white box SW and the like, this corresponds to a configuration in which an apparatus such as an SFP type CT and a white box SW is combined to form an OLT.

  Comparing these configuration examples, the configuration in the lower right is due to the reduction of the number of parts by reducing the SW in the OSU by reducing the number of SWs in the OSU by reducing the number of SWs in the OSU by communicating with the CT and ONU under the control of another OSU for each wavelength. Since both the failure rate reduction and high reliability are possible, the reliability evaluation is high compared to other configurations. However, since wavelength distribution is performed by the SW outside the OSU, wavelength switching that is coordinated between CT-SWs is required.

  FIG. 3 shows a switching instruction path in wavelength switching coordinated between CT-SWs. Here, the OSU and SW are connected to each other via a common signal line under a separate controller. This configuration corresponds to, for example, a configuration in which both the OSU box and SW box of one box are connected to the controller for a plurality of wavelengths, for example, four wavelengths. In the case of CT switching within the same OSU, switching instructions for different OSUs and switching between different OSUs are read as switching instructions for the same OSU and switching within the same OSU, and a combination of devices such as SFP CT and White Box SW. In this case, the OSU may be read as CT, and the common signal line may be another path including the main signal. For example, it may be a route through a higher-level controller that controls a plurality of controllers, or a route in a controller in which a plurality of controllers are included in the same controller and include them. In these cases, at least a part of the processing of the controller shown below may be arranged somewhere in the host controller or the same controller. Further, the separate controller may be the same controller where the OSU and SW control points are not separated. In this case, in the following explanation, the communication delay between the OSU controller 5 and the controller 6 of the SW or the OSU controller SW controller is used. No overhead or trailer for communication is required.

  The figure shows an example in which an OSU controller detects an OSU failure and issues a switching instruction from the OSU controller to the SW via one of three paths: (A) via the SW controller, (B) directly, or (C) via the OSU. It was. These are the same in the case of SW failure, and different switching between OSU failure and SW failure may be selected, or OSU may be read as CT.

  In (A), detection is performed by the OSU controller, the OSU controller issues a switching instruction to the OSU and the SW controller, and the SW controller issues a switching instruction to the SW.

  The OSU controller corrects the delay between the OSU controller and the SW controller, at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and at least one of the delay between the SW controller and the SW and the time required for SW switching. The shift due to the difference may be corrected to be an instruction to switch to the OSU, or at least one of them may be combined to be an instruction to switch to the OSU. The SW controller may use the switching instruction of the OSU controller as it is as a switching instruction to the SW, or may remove only the overhead and trailer for communication between the controllers and use it as a switching instruction to the SW, or a delay between the OSU controller and the SW controller. Correction, a deviation due to at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and the difference between at least one of the delay between the SW controller and SW and the time required for SW switching, and a switch instruction to SW Or at least one of them may be combined to give an instruction to switch to SW. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the SW controller, may be performed by the OSU or SW, and instructions are transferred. You may carry out by other than that, such as components and apparatuses, and you may carry out by sharing in any combination of those.

  (A) Since the controller controls each subordinate device through the SW controller, it may belong to a single controller, and the device itself does not have a general switching processing means, and only setting by the controller is possible. Although the apparatus (OSU, SW) can be simplified, a means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and a control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (B) Directly, it is detected by the OSU controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the OSU controller to the OSU and SW.

  The OSU controller corrects a deviation due to a difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching and the delay between the OSU controller and the SW and the time required for SW switching, and switches to the OSU. Or at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and OSU, the time required for OSU switching, the delay between the OSU controller and SW, and the SW. A switch due to at least one of the differences in the time required for switching may be corrected and used as a switch instruction to SW, or at least one of them may be combined and used as a switch instruction to SW. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values acquired in advance by setting or measurement, or may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts, devices, or the like that transfer the instructions. It may be shared by any combination thereof.

  (B) Directly belongs to a plurality of controllers with respect to switching itself and switching and other control, and receives control from a plurality of controllers, so that the apparatus is directly controlled from a plurality of controllers while maintaining consistency of settings. Means are needed. Although the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of belonging to multiple controllers, the device itself (OSU, SW) is simple because it does not have a general switching processing means and can only be set by the controller. Can be. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (C) Via OSU, it is detected by the OSU controller, and the OSU controller issues a switching instruction to the OSU. The OSU sends a switching notification to the SW via a general switching processing means.

  The OSU controller has a difference due to a difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU, the delay between the OSU and SW, and the time required for the SW switching. It may be corrected to be an instruction to switch to the OSU, or at least one of them may be combined to be an instruction to switch to the OSU. At least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching and the OSU controller -A deviation due to at least one of the difference between the delay between OSUs, the delay between OSUs and SWs, and the time required for SW switching may be corrected as a switch instruction to switch to SW, or at least one of them may be combined to switch to SW. It may be a switching instruction. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values acquired in advance by setting or measurement, or may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts, devices, or the like that transfer the instructions. It may be shared by any combination thereof. Although it is via OSU, it belongs to multiple controllers, but it may be via SW.

  (C) Although the device (OSU, SW) is simple from the viewpoint of belonging to a single controller via OSU, the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of providing the device itself with a means for performing switching processing between the opposing devices. It becomes. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  From the viewpoint of high reliability, when comparing the wavelength switching instruction paths, (A) is preferable from the degree of freedom of the apparatus if the delay is acceptable, and (C) is preferable if the apparatus supports normal switching processing.

  Next, an example in which only the SW controller is connected will be described as an example in which only one of the CT side or the SW side is connected to the controller. This example is an example in which the controller and the device (OSU, SW) are reversed in FIG. This is suitable for a configuration in which the OSU is realized by SFP or XFP, and the OSU is connected to the controller via the SW box. The same applies when only different sides are connected from the opposite side or for each CT. In the case of CT switching within the same OSU, switching instructions for different OSUs and switching between different OSUs are read as switching instructions for the same OSU and switching within the same OSU, and a combination of devices such as SFP-type CT and White Box SW. In this case, the OSU may be read as CT, and the common signal line may be a path other than that including the main signal, or may be a path via an upper controller that controls the plurality of controllers. It may be a path in the controller that is included in the same controller and includes them, and at least a part of the processing of the controller may be arranged somewhere in the upper controller or the same controller. is there.

  An example is shown in which an OSU controller detects an OSU failure and issues a switching instruction from the OSU controller to the SW via one of three paths: (A) via the SW controller, (B) directly, and (C) via SW. These are the same in the case of SW failure, and different switching between OSU failure and SW failure may be selected, or OSU may be read as CT.

  In (A), detection is performed by the OSU controller, a switching instruction is issued from the OSU controller to the OSU and SW controller, and a switching instruction is issued to the OSU and SW via the SW controller.

  The OSU controller corrects at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the SW controller, at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the SW controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and at least one of the delay between the SW controller and the SW and the time required for SW switching. Any difference due to the difference may be corrected and used as a switching instruction to the OSU, or at least one of them may be combined to be used as a switching instruction to the OSU. The SW controller may use the switching instruction of the OSU controller as it is as a switching instruction to the SW, or may remove only the overhead and trailer for communication between the controllers and use it as a switching instruction to the OSU or SW, or between the OSU controller and the SW controller. The delay due to the difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching and at least one of the delay between the SW controller-SW and the time required for SW switching is corrected. An instruction to switch to SW may be used, or at least one of them may be combined to give an instruction to switch to SW. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the SW controller, may be performed by the OSU or SW, and instructions are transferred. You may carry out by other than that, such as components and apparatuses, and you may carry out by sharing in any combination of those.

  (A) Since the controller controls each subordinate device through the SW controller, it may belong to a single controller, and the device itself does not have a general switching processing means, and only setting by the controller is possible. Although the apparatus (OSU, SW) can be simplified, a means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and a control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (B) Directly, it is detected by the OSU controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the OSU controller to the OSU and SW via the SW controller.

  The OSU controller corrects a deviation due to a difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching and at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-SW and the time required for SW switching. Then, it may be a switching instruction to the OSU, or a combination of at least one of them may be used as a switching instruction to the OSU, and at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching. A deviation due to at least one of the difference between the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-SW and the time required for SW switching may be corrected as a switching instruction to SW, or at least one of them may be combined to switch to SW It is good as an instructionThese corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values acquired by setting or measurement in advance, or may be performed by the OSU or SW, or may be performed by the SW controller or other components or devices that transfer the instructions. Other than that, it may be performed in any combination of them.

  (B) Directly belongs to a plurality of controllers with respect to switching itself and switching and other control, and receives control from a plurality of controllers, so that the apparatus is directly controlled from a plurality of controllers while maintaining consistency of settings. Means are needed. Although the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of belonging to multiple controllers, the device itself (OSU, SW) is simple because it does not have a general switching processing means and can only be set by the controller. Can be. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (C) Via OSU, it is detected by the OSU controller, and the OSU controller issues a switching instruction to the OSU via the SW controller. The OSU sends a switching notification to the SW via a general switching processing means.

  The OSU controller is at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU, the delay between OSU-SW, and the time required for SW switching. The difference due to the difference may be corrected to be an instruction to switch to the OSU, or at least one of them may be combined to be an instruction to switch to the OSU. The delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the OSU switching The switch due to the difference between at least one of the time required for the switching, the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU, the delay between the OSU and SW, and the time required for the SW switching may be corrected and used as a switching instruction to the SW. Combine at least one of It may be used as the switching instruction to the SW. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values acquired in advance by setting or measurement, or may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts, devices, or the like that transfer the instructions. It may be shared by any combination thereof. In addition, although it was via OSU, it may belong via a plurality of controllers but may be via SW.

  (C) Although the device (OSU, SW) is simple from the viewpoint of belonging to a single controller via OSU, the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of providing the device itself with a means for performing switching processing between the opposing devices. It becomes. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  From the viewpoint of high reliability, when comparing the wavelength switching instruction paths, (A) is preferable from the degree of freedom of the apparatus if the delay is acceptable, and (C) is preferable if the apparatus supports normal switching processing.

  Next, an example in which only the SW controller is connected will be described as an example in which only one of the CT side or the SW side is connected to the controller. This example is an example in which the controller and the device (OSU, SW) are reversed in FIG. This is suitable for a configuration in which the OSU is realized by SFP or XFP, and the OSU is connected to the controller via the SW box. The same applies when only different sides are connected from the opposite side or for each CT. In the case of CT switching within the same OSU, switching instructions for different OSUs and switching between different OSUs are read as switching instructions for the same OSU and switching within the same OSU, and a combination of devices such as SFP-type CT and White Box SW. In this case, the OSU may be read as CT, and the common signal line may be a path other than that including the main signal, or may be a path via an upper controller that controls the plurality of controllers. It may be a path in the controller that is included in the same controller and includes them, and at least a part of the processing of the controller may be arranged somewhere in the upper controller or the same controller. is there.

  An example is shown in which an OSU controller detects an OSU failure and issues a switching instruction from the OSU controller to the SW via one of three paths: (A) via the SW controller, (B) directly, and (C) via SW. These are the same in the case of SW failure, and different switching between OSU failure and SW failure may be selected, or OSU may be read as CT.

  In (A), detection is performed by the OSU controller, a switching instruction is issued from the OSU controller to the OSU and SW controller, and a switching instruction is issued to the OSU and SW via the SW controller.

  The OSU controller corrects at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the SW controller, at least one of the delay between the OSU controller and the SW controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and at least one of the delay between the SW controller and the SW and the time required for SW switching. Any difference due to the difference may be corrected and used as a switching instruction to the OSU, or at least one of them may be combined to be used as a switching instruction to the OSU. The SW controller may use the switching instruction of the OSU controller as it is as a switching instruction to the SW, or may remove only the overhead and trailer for communication between the controllers and use it as a switching instruction to the OSU or SW, or between the OSU controller and the SW controller. The delay due to the difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching and at least one of the delay between the SW controller-SW and the time required for SW switching is corrected. An instruction to switch to SW may be used, or at least one of them may be combined to give an instruction to switch to SW. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the SW controller, may be performed by the OSU or SW, and instructions are transferred. You may carry out by other than that, such as components and apparatuses, and you may carry out by sharing in any combination of those.

  (A) Since the controller controls each subordinate device through the SW controller, it may belong to a single controller, and the device itself does not have a general switching processing means, and only setting by the controller is possible. Although the apparatus (OSU, SW) can be simplified, a means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and a control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (B) Directly, it is detected by the OSU controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the OSU controller to the OSU and SW via the SW controller.

  The OSU controller corrects a deviation due to a difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching and at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-SW and the time required for SW switching. Then, it may be a switching instruction to the OSU, or a combination of at least one of them may be used as a switching instruction to the OSU, and at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching. A deviation due to at least one of the difference between the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-SW and the time required for SW switching may be corrected as a switching instruction to SW, or at least one of them may be combined to switch to SW It is good as an instructionThese corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values acquired by setting or measurement in advance, or may be performed by the OSU or SW, or may be performed by the SW controller or other components or devices that transfer the instructions. Other than that, it may be performed in any combination of them.

  (B) Directly belongs to a plurality of controllers with respect to switching itself and switching and other control, and receives control from a plurality of controllers, so that the apparatus is directly controlled from a plurality of controllers while maintaining consistency of settings. Means are needed. Although the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of belonging to multiple controllers, the device itself (OSU, SW) is simple because it does not have a general switching processing means and can only be set by the controller. Can be. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (C) Via OSU, it is detected by the OSU controller, and the OSU controller issues a switching instruction to the OSU via the SW controller. The OSU sends a switching notification to the SW via a general switching processing means.

  The OSU controller is at least one of the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and the delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU, the delay between OSU-SW, and the time required for SW switching. The difference due to the difference may be corrected to be an instruction to switch to the OSU, or at least one of them may be combined to be an instruction to switch to the OSU. The delay between the OSU controller-SW controller-OSU and the OSU switching The switch due to the difference between at least one of the time required for the switching, the delay between the OSU controller and the OSU, the delay between the OSU and SW, and the time required for the SW switching may be corrected and used as a switching instruction to the SW. Combine at least one of It may be used as the switching instruction to the SW. These corrections may be instructed by the OSU controller based on values acquired in advance by setting or measurement, or may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts, devices, or the like that transfer the instructions. It may be shared by any combination thereof.

  (C) Although the device (OSU, SW) is simple from the viewpoint of belonging to a single controller via OSU, the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of providing the device itself with a means for performing switching processing between the opposing devices. It becomes. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation. Although it is via OSU, it may be via SW.

  From the viewpoint of high reliability, when comparing the wavelength switching instruction paths, (A) is preferable from the degree of freedom of the apparatus if the delay is acceptable, and (C) is preferable if the apparatus supports normal switching processing.

  Next, it is assumed that the OSU and SW are connected to each other through a common signal line under the same controller. This configuration corresponds to, for example, a configuration in which both a single OSU box and a SW box are connected to a controller for a plurality of wavelengths, for example, four wavelengths. In the case of CT switching within the same OSU, switching instructions for different OSUs and switching between different OSUs are read as switching instructions for the same OSU and switching within the same OSU, and a combination of devices such as SFP CT and White Box SW. In this case, the OSU may be read as CT, and the common signal line may be another path including the main signal. FIG. 3 corresponds to a configuration in which the OSU controller and the SW controller are integrated.

  In this example, the OSU controller detects an OSU failure, and (B) directly or (C) the switching instruction is sent from the OSU controller to the SW through one of the two paths via the OSU. These are the same in the case of SW failure, and different switching between OSU failure and SW failure may be selected, or OSU may be read as CT.

  (B) Directly, it is detected by the controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the controller to the OSU and SW.

  The controller also corrects a deviation due to a difference between at least one of the delay between the controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching and at least one of the delay between the controller and the SW and the time required for SW switching, and may also serve as a switching instruction to the OSU. Either at least one of them may be combined to provide an OSU switching instruction, or at least one of the delay between the controller and OSU and the time required for OSU switching, the delay between the controller and SW, and the time required for SW switching. It is good also as a switch instruction | indication to SW by correcting the shift | offset | difference by at least any one difference, and it is good also as a switch instruction | indication to SW combining at least one of them. These corrections may be instructed by the controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts such as parts or devices that transfer the instructions. Alternatively, it may be shared by any combination thereof.

  (B) Since the switching itself and switching and other controls are directly related to the single controller, the device itself does not have a general switching processing means, and only setting by the controller is possible. (OSU, SW) can be simplified. Also, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (C) Via OSU, it is detected by the controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the controller to the OSU. The OSU sends a switching notification to the SW via a general switching processing means.

  The controller corrects the deviation due to the difference between at least one of the delay between the controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, the delay between the controller and the OSU, the delay between OSU and SW, and the time required for SW switching. The switching instruction to the OSU may be used, or at least one of them may be combined to form the switching instruction to the OSU. At least one of the delay between the controller and the OSU and the time required for switching the OSU and the delay between the controller and the OSU And a difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU and the SW and the time required for the SW switching may be corrected to be a switching instruction to the SW, or at least one of them may be combined to be a switching instruction to the SW. good. These corrections may be instructed by the controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts such as parts or devices that transfer the instructions. Alternatively, it may be shared by any combination thereof. Although it is via OSU, it may be via SW.

  (C) Although the device (OSU, SW) is simple from the viewpoint of belonging to a single controller via OSU, the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of providing the device itself with a means for performing switching processing between the opposing devices. It becomes. Also, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  From the viewpoint of high reliability, when comparing the wavelength switching instruction paths, (B) is preferable from the degree of freedom of the apparatus if the delay is acceptable, and (C) is preferable if the apparatus supports normal switching processing.

  Next, as an example in which only one of the CT side or SW side is connected to a single controller, an example in which a controller common to OSU and SW is connected to SW will be shown. In this example, the controller and the device (OSU, SW) are reversed in FIG. 3, and two controllers become a single controller. This is suitable for a configuration in which the OSU is realized by SFP or XFP, and the OSU is connected to the controller via the SW box. The same applies when only different sides are connected from the opposite side or for each CT. In the case of CT switching within the same OSU, switching instructions for different OSUs and switching between different OSUs are read as switching instructions for the same OSU and switching within the same OSU, and a combination of devices such as SFP-type CT and White Box SW. In this case, the OSU may be read as CT, and the common signal line may be another path including the main signal.

  An example is shown in which the controller detects an OSU failure, and (B) directly and (C) a switching instruction is sent from the controller to the SW in any of three routes via the SW. These are the same in the case of SW failure, and different switching between OSU failure and SW failure may be selected, or OSU may be read as CT.

  (B) Directly, it is detected by the controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the controller to the OSU and SW.

  The OSU controller corrects a deviation due to a difference between at least one of the delay between the controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, and the delay between the controller and the SW and the time required for SW switching, as a switching instruction to the OSU. Alternatively, at least one of them may be combined to provide an OSU switching instruction, at least one of the delay between the controller and OSU and the time required for OSU switching, the delay between the controller and SW, and the time required for SW switching. It is also possible to correct the deviation due to at least one of the differences and use it as a switch instruction to switch to SW, or to combine at least one of them and use it as a switch instruction to switch to SW. These corrections may be instructed by the controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts such as parts or devices that transfer the instructions. Alternatively, it may be shared by any combination thereof.

  (B) The apparatus (OSU, SW) can be simplified because the direct controller attribution and the general switching processing means are not provided in the apparatus itself, and only setting by the controller is possible. Note that there is no need for inter-controller cooperation, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  (C) Via OSU, it is detected by the controller, and a switching instruction is issued from the controller to the OSU. The OSU sends a switching notification to the SW via a general switching processing means.

  The controller corrects the deviation due to the difference between at least one of the delay between the controller and the OSU and the time required for OSU switching, the delay between the controller and the OSU, the delay between OSU and SW, and the time required for SW switching. The switching instruction to the OSU may be used, or at least one of them may be combined to form the switching instruction to the OSU. At least one of the delay between the controller and the OSU and the time required for switching the OSU and the delay between the controller and the OSU And a difference between at least one of the delay between the OSU and the SW and the time required for the SW switching may be corrected to be a switching instruction to the SW, or at least one of them may be combined to be a switching instruction to the SW. good. These corrections may be instructed by the controller based on values obtained by setting or measurement in advance, may be performed by the OSU or SW, or performed by other parts such as parts or devices that transfer the instructions. Alternatively, it may be shared by any combination thereof. Although it is via OSU, it may be via SW.

  (C) Although the device (OSU, SW) is simple from the viewpoint of belonging to a single controller via OSU, the device (OSU, SW) is complicated from the viewpoint of providing the device itself with a means for performing switching processing between the opposing devices. It becomes. However, no means for inter-controller cooperation is required, and no control delay occurs due to the time required for cooperation.

  From the viewpoint of high reliability, when comparing the wavelength switching instruction paths, (B) is preferable from the degree of freedom of the apparatus if the delay is acceptable, and (C) is preferable if the apparatus supports normal switching processing.

  In the above switching, it is desirable that the change of the setting of the accommodated ONU is included as the OSU or CT processing.

  In addition, the switching destination may be determined in advance, or a predetermined device including an unusable device (CT, OSU, SW), an active device, a dormant device, a bandwidth utilization rate, a accommodated ONU, etc. Random or predetermined ascending / descending order, etc., bandwidth usage rate or accommodation ONU from devices or switching history whose number is a value within a predetermined range, devices that are not or not to be switched at one or more switching opportunities You may decide by the number of numbers.

  Predetermining the switching destination is desirable from the viewpoint of minimizing the disconnection time.

  In addition, although the automatic switching of the failure trigger is used as the switching, the following is desirable in the case of automatic switching for power saving, load distribution, etc., or manual switching such as wavelength change for the convenience of the operator.

1) Switching between conduction of periodic traffic from the next conduction to 2) Switching of the buffer amount that can be accommodated without discarding the traffic that is being switched, within the storage time.
3) Switching earlier than the permissible interruption time of traffic of the traffic to be conducted 4) Switching from downstream of traffic and switching upstream after completion of switching setting 5) Duplicating traffic upstream of traffic and switching to switching source and switching destination And select the switching destination traffic after switching, and switch the traffic after switching 6) Perform the above-described synchronization switching

(1) The source itself shifts the transmission time according to the delay difference. (2) The source specifies the delay time until switching. (3) The source specifies time. (3a) The time-synchronized switching subject switches by time. (3b) The device synchronized in time on the path to the switching subject implements (1) and (2). (4) The switching destination is delayed according to the delay difference with a fixed delay.

  In addition, although the controller is exemplified as the source of the switching instruction, it may be an adjacent part (for example, a candidate for the switching destination). When adjacent parts can share the switching source and the monitor such as CPU and normality confirmation or the result of normality confirmation can be obtained, the adjacent part may be issued, directly from the shared CPU or monitor, etc. You may issue via an adjacent apparatus.

  In the above description, switching between OSU (CT) and SW is exemplified. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the same applies to light SW and OSU (CT). It is the same even if there is. In FIG. 4, an optical subscriber line terminal apparatus having a plurality of termination units for terminating an optical signal and an optical switch for switching the path of the optical signal, and a controller for transmitting a path switching instruction to the termination unit and the optical switch. The termination unit transmits a switching instruction to a component related to path switching when the switching instruction is acquired from the controller, and the switch transmits a switching instruction to the component related to path switching when the switching instruction is acquired from the controller. Send.

(Embodiment 1-1)
Embodiment 1-1 demonstrates the structure of the communication apparatus which comprises the communication system used for TWDM-PON. Hereinafter, the first to sixth examples will be described as examples of the architecture of the communication apparatus. The architecture of the communication device constituting the communication system may be an architecture other than the first to sixth examples described below. For example, the software unit of the communication device in the first to sixth examples of the architecture may be a hardware unit.

(First example of architecture)
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a first example of the architecture of the communication device. In the first example of the architecture, the communication device includes a device-dependent unit 110 that depends on the standard or manufacturer that complies with, a middleware 120 that hides the hardware and software differences of the device-dependent unit, and a general-purpose operation that does not depend on the device. The device-independent application 130 is provided. Therefore, the device-dependent unit (vendor-dependent unit) is a functional unit that depends on the standard or the device manufacturing vendor that the device of the communication apparatus complies with. The device-independent application unit is a functional unit that does not depend on a standard or a device manufacturing vendor with which the device of the communication device complies.

  The middleware unit and the device-independent application unit are connected via a device-independent API. The device-independent API is an input / output IF that does not depend on the device.

  The device dependent unit includes, for example, a hardware unit (PHY), a hardware unit (MAC), a software unit, and an OAM (Operation Administration and Maintenance) unit. The hardware unit, the hardware unit, the software unit, the OAM unit, and the middleware unit are connected via a device-dependent API. The device-dependent API is an input / output IF that depends on the device. The device dependent unit further includes an NE (Network Element) management / control unit. The NE management / control unit and the middleware unit are connected via a device-dependent API. The device-dependent API is an input / output IF that depends on the device.

  What functions are used as device-dependent parts or device-independent application parts is in addition to restrictions derived from processing for realizing middleware parts and device-independent application parts, for example, restrictions derived from software processing capabilities. Thus, it may be determined according to the update frequency of functions, the importance of extended functions, and the like. As a result, the communication device facilitates flexible and quick addition of the extended function unit (unique function unit) by the device-independent application unit, and can provide a communication service in a timely manner.

  For example, priority is given to functions with high update frequency such as DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment) that improves priority processing of main signals and line utilization efficiency, or functions that contribute to communication service differentiation, and device dependent parts or device independent applications You may decide to make a part. Furthermore, the device-independent application unit may be used because it has a small difference in at least one of a standard, a generation, a system, a system, a device type, and a manufacturing vendor that the device to be shared complies with.

  Even if it is not optimal for at least one of the compliant standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendors, any of the standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendor functions to comply with In order to generalize a common IF, a common IF for executing a function may be used. The common IF may include IFs and parameters that are not used in any of the standards, generations, systems, systems, device types, and manufacturing vendors that the device-dependent unit conforms to.

  The middleware 120 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 described later, the driver of the device dependent unit shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 described later, and the device dependent application unit (vendor dependent application shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 described later) A conversion function unit that converts IF, parameters, and the like so as to correspond to the device-dependent unit, and a function unit that automatically sets corresponding to the insufficient IF, parameters, etc. .

  In FIG. 5, the device dependent unit includes hardware 111 (PHY), hardware 112 (MAC), and software 113. The hardware unit (PHY) executes processes from the physical layer to processing related to optical transmission / reception (PHYsical Sublayer processing). The hardware unit (MAC) executes MAC (Media Access Control) processing. The hardware 111 and the hardware 112 depend on a standard or a manufacturing vendor that conforms thereto. The software 113 executes device-dependent drivers, firmware, applications, and the like.

  In addition to these, the hardware 111 and hardware 112 of the device-dependent unit 110 may include a general-purpose server, a layer 2 switch, and the like. The device dependent unit may not include a hardware unit (MAC). The device-dependent unit may not include a part of the hardware unit (PHY). For example, the device-dependent unit may include only light-related functions without including low-level signal processing such as modulation / demodulation signal processing, forward error correction (FEC), codec decoding processing, and encryption processing. . The device dependent unit may not include a PCS (Physical Coding Sublayer) that is a part for encoding data. The device dependent unit may not include a PMA (Physical Medium Attachment) and PCS that serialize data. The device dependent unit may not include a PMD connected to the physical medium. The device dependent unit may not include the software unit when the middleware unit directly drives, controls, operates, or manages the hardware unit and the hardware unit of the device dependent unit without using the software unit.

  The device-independent application 130 includes, for example, an extended function 131, a basic function 132, and a management / control agent 133. The management / control agent unit acquires data from EMS (Element Management System). In FIG. 5, the EMS and the external device are connected to the device-independent application via the middleware 120, but the EMS and the external device are not necessarily connected to the device-independent application via the middleware. The EMS and the external device may be appropriately connected to the middleware as necessary, or may be directly connected to the device-independent application. In addition, although it is expressed as “connection via middleware”, this expression is from the viewpoint of a device-independent application. Actually, function-independent applications are connected to each other via middleware after connection by hardware.

  Hereinafter, items common to the extended function unit are denoted by “extended function unit” with a part of the reference numerals omitted. The EMS is, for example, an NE controller. The device-independent application part may not include any of the extended function part, the basic function part, and the management / control agent part, or the management / control agent part may be included in the basic function part. Alternatively, the management / control agent unit may be included in the basic function unit and the middleware unit.

  The device-independent application 130 may further include configurations other than the extended function unit, the basic function unit, and the management / control agent unit. For example, when the extended function unit is unnecessary, the device-independent application unit may not include the extended function unit. In addition, the device-independent application unit may include one or more extended function units.

  It is preferable that the extended function 131 can be added, deleted, replaced, or changed independently without unnecessarily affecting other functions. For example, the extended function unit may be appropriately added, deleted, replaced, or changed when an extended function unit that executes multicast service or power saving is required in accordance with a service request.

  The basic function 132 may be included in the device-independent application unit as a part of the extended function unit, or may be replaced by a functional unit lower than the middleware unit. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit. When a functional unit lower than the middleware unit substitutes for the basic function unit, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit, and the function unit lower than the middleware unit substitutes for the basic function unit, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit.

  When the management / control agent 133 does not receive communication from the EMS and performs automatic setting according to a predetermined setting, the management / control agent 133 does not need to input / output the EMS. Furthermore, when the management / control agent unit does not have a management setting function and other device-independent application units, basic function units, and device-dependent units have a management setting function, the device-independent application unit is a management / control agent unit. May not be provided.

  The EMS and the device-independent application 130 may directly input / output information. Further, the device dependence unit may be replaced by the NE management / control unit 115 and a device dependence application unit (see FIG. 6 described later and FIG. 9 described later) as a functional unit lower than the NE management / control unit.

  The management / control agent 133 does not need to input / output information to / from the EMS in the case of automatic setting according to a predetermined setting. In addition, when the management / control agent unit does not have a management setting function and other device-independent application units, basic function units, and device-dependent units have a management setting function, the device-independent application unit includes a management / control agent unit. It does not have to be provided. The EMS and the device-independent application unit may directly input / output information.

Examples of input / output between the device-independent application 130 and the device-dependent unit 110 are as follows.
For example, the DBA application unit and the protection application unit input / output information to / from the TC layer embedded OAM engine. A DWBA (Dynamic Wavelength and Bandwidth Assignment) application and an ONU registration / authentication application unit input / output information to / from the TC layer PLOAM engine. The power saving application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the OMCI and L2 main signal processing function unit (L2 function unit). An MLD (Multicast Listener Discover) proxy application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the L2 function unit. The low speed monitoring application (OMCI) inputs / outputs information to / from the OMCI. The OMCI and L2 function units operate an XGEM framer (XGPON Encapsulation Method Framer) and encryption. Here, DWBA and DBA may be separate, integrated or combined. For example, the management / control agent unit is an application unit for the maintenance operation function, and inputs / outputs information to / from the EMS, which is an NE controller for the NE management / control unit.

  The device-independent application unit includes a device vendor, a method, a device type, a device generation, for example, ITU-TG. TWDM-PON conforming to the 989 series and ITU-T G. XG-PON conforming to the 987 series and ITU-T G. G-PON conforming to the 984 series and ITU-T G. It is an application that operates regardless of any B (Broadband) PON conforming to the 983 series. The device-independent application unit is a device vendor, method, device type, device generation, such as 10GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3av or IEEE1904.1, and GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3ah. It's an app that works without depending on at least one of them.

  As an application of the extended function section, only for apps for driving functions provided for some vendors, methods, types, and generations, and devices for some vendors, methods, types, and generations via device-independent APIs. An application that drives the provided function may be included.

  The management / control agent unit inputs and outputs with the EMS and the middleware unit. The middleware unit inputs and outputs NE management information and control information to and from the NE management / control unit. The NE management / control unit may directly transmit / receive NE management information and control information to / from the EMS without going through the middleware unit, or send / receive NE management information and control information via the management / control agent unit. Also good.

  The middleware unit inputs and outputs information via the device-independent application unit and the device-independent API. The middleware unit inputs / outputs information to / from the OAM unit, driver, firmware, hardware unit, or hardware unit of the device dependent unit via the device dependent API. The middleware unit outputs the input information as it is or in a predetermined format. For example, if the output destination is each unit of the device-independent application unit, the middleware unit converts the information into the input format of each unit of the device-independent API. If the output destination is an OAM part, driver, firmware, hardware part, or hardware part of a device dependent part, the middleware part converts it into a form of a device dependent API of a format to be input to each, or terminates it. The information is transmitted to the output destination after performing a predetermined process.

  It is desirable that the middleware unit deletes unnecessary input information at each input destination when inputting, and if there is insufficient information, collects and supplements via other device-independent API or device-dependent API. . In addition, at the time of input to the middleware unit, it may be broadcast or multicast and broadcast to related applications.

  In FIG. 5, the middleware unit and the device dependent unit are exemplified as a single unit, but may be configured by a plurality of units. When the hardware of the device-dependent unit includes a plurality of processors, the middleware unit may input / output using inter-processor communication or the like across processors and hardware. Between device-independent application units and between device-independent application units may be placed on the user space on a single processor as an execution program such as DLL (Dynamic Link Library), or user space on multiple processors You may arrange on top.

  In addition, the device-independent application unit may be arranged in the kernel space after securing an input / output IF such as an API, or may be arranged together with a middleware unit having an IF that can be replaced with firmware or the like independently. Alternatively, it may be recompiled by incorporating it in firmware or the like. User space and kernel space may be arbitrarily combined for each device-independent application unit.

  Device-independent application units corresponding to the same function may be implemented in both user space and kernel space. In this case, for example, either may be selected by switching, both may be processed in cooperation, or actual processing may be performed by only one of them. The same applies to the software of the device dependent unit.

  Desirably, as high-speed processing is required as in main signal processing, DBA processing, and low-layer signal processing, there is a trade-off between scalability and immediacy of replacement, but high-speed processing is expected with less overhead. It is desirable to incorporate in kernel space and firmware. The processor in which the device-dependent application unit (see FIG. 6 to be described later and FIG. 9 to be described later) is arranged also performs actual processing from the viewpoint of the influence on other programs due to the restriction of the bus and the speed due to the communication between processors and the occupation of the communication path. It is desirable to arrange it on the user space, kernel space, or firmware of the processor that performs the processing or in the vicinity of the processor. However, in order to reduce the ability of a processor that performs actual processing or a processor in the vicinity thereof, the communication cost due to communication between processors increases, but processing may be performed by a remote processor.

  It is desirable that the device-independent API is pre-installed in the middleware part assuming an extended function part to be added, but it is added as necessary in a form that suppresses modification of the device-dependent API and other device-independent application parts. Or it may be deleted.

  In this example, the software area is a basic function part, a management / control agent part, an extended function part, and a middleware part. However, the software area is a service adaptation (encryption, fragment processing, GEM frame / XGEM). Frames, PHY adaptation FEC, scramble, synchronous block generation / extraction, GTC (GPON Transmission Convergences) framing, PHY framing, SP conversion, and coding methods may also be targeted. An example of the function deployment corresponding to the hardware unit and the hardware unit will be described.The function deployment includes, for example, a software function in a network device or an external server.

(Second example of architecture)
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second example of the architecture of the communication device. In FIG. 6, the communication device has a configuration in which a device-dependent application unit is further provided under the middleware unit of the communication device shown in FIG. The second example of the architecture is the same as the first example of the architecture except that a device-dependent application unit is provided.

  In FIG. 6, the communication apparatus includes a hardware unit (PHY) and a hardware unit (MAC) depending on a standard of a device-dependent unit to be complied with or a device manufacturing vendor, a driver that drives the hardware unit and the hardware unit, A software unit that executes firmware, a hardware unit of a device-dependent unit, a device-dependent application unit that drives at least a part of the hardware unit and the software unit, a hardware unit, a hardware unit, and a software unit of the device-dependent unit And a middleware unit that conceals the difference between the device-dependent application units, and a general-purpose device-independent application unit that does not depend on the device.

  The middleware unit and the device-dependent application unit are connected by a device-dependent API. The device-dependent application unit and the OAM unit, software unit, hardware unit, and hardware unit of the device-dependent unit are connected by a device-dependent API. The device-dependent application unit and the management / control agent unit are connected by an API.

  The device-independent application unit includes, for example, a management / control agent unit that receives communication from EMS, a basic function unit, and an extended function unit. As in the first example of the architecture, the device-independent application unit may not include any of the management / control agent unit, the basic function unit, and the extended function unit. The device-independent application unit may further include a function unit other than the management / control agent unit, the basic function unit, and the extended function unit. Further, as in the first example of the architecture, it is preferable that the extended function unit can be added, deleted, replaced, or changed without affecting other functions.

  The basic function unit may be included as a part of each extended function unit, or may be substituted below the middleware unit. When the extended function part includes a basic function part, when the lower part of the middleware part replaces the basic function part, or a combination thereof, the device-independent application part may not include the basic function part.

  Also, a part of the basic function unit may be replaced with a device-dependent application unit that is lower than the middleware unit. The management / control agent unit does not need to input / output information from / to the EMS when performing automatic setting according to a predetermined setting. Further, when the management / control agent unit does not have a management setting function and other device-independent application units, basic function units, and device-dependent units have a management setting function, the device-independent application unit is a management / control agent unit. May not be provided.

  The EMS and the device-independent application unit may directly input / output. When the lower part of the middleware unit replaces all of the basic function units, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit.

  In the communication device shown in FIG. 6, the device-dependent application unit may input / output information via the middleware unit, may directly input / output information from the management / control agent unit, Information may be input / output to / from either, or may be directly input / output to / from EMS. In addition, when the device-dependent application unit is automatically set according to a predetermined setting without receiving communication from the EMS, and management and control information can be acquired from the EMS via the middleware unit, the device-independent The application unit may not include the management / control agent unit.

  The device-independent application unit inputs / outputs information between at least the hardware unit and the hardware unit of the device-dependent unit or between the software unit via the middleware unit. The device-independent application unit inputs and outputs to / from each other via the middleware unit as necessary. In particular, the device-independent application unit inputs / outputs information to / from the management / control agent unit that receives communication from the EMS when performing control or management according to information input / output from / to the EMS. To do.

  The NE management / control unit 115 inputs / outputs NE management information and control information to / from the management / control agent 133 via the middleware 120. The NE management / control unit may directly input / output NE management information and control information to / from the EMS without using the middleware unit.

  The device-dependent application unit inputs and outputs NE management information and control information to and from the management / control agent unit. The device-dependent application unit may directly input / output information to / from the EMS without using the management / control agent unit. The management / control agent unit inputs / outputs information to / from the EMS, middleware unit, and device-dependent application unit. The middleware unit inputs and outputs NE management information and control information to and from the NE management / control unit.

  The NE management / control unit 115 may directly input / output NE management information and control information to / from the EMS without using the middleware unit. The middleware unit inputs / outputs information via the device-independent API with the device-independent application unit, and between the OAM unit, driver, firmware, hardware unit, and hardware unit of the device-dependent unit, Input and output information via a device independent API.

  The middleware 120 is input as it is or in a predetermined format, similarly to the middleware 120 shown in FIG. It is desirable that the device-independent API is provided in advance in the middleware unit assuming an extended function unit to be added later, but if necessary, the device-independent API and other device-independent application units are prevented from being modified. May be added or deleted.

(Third example of architecture)
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a third example of the architecture of the communication device. In FIG. 9, instead of the middleware unit described in the first example of the architecture illustrated in FIG. 5, the basic function unit performs input / output with the hardware unit, the hardware unit, and the extended function unit. Other device-independent application units are the same as in the first example of the architecture.

  Compared to the first example of the architecture, the third example creates a middleware unit having a device-dependent API for each device in which at least one of the compliant standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor differs. There is no need. As a result, the communication device of the third example of the architecture is advantageous in that more functions can be generalized and ported between the generations between apparatuses, the connectivity can be easily verified, and the functions of the apparatuses become robust.

  A communication device according to the third example of the architecture includes a device-dependent unit and a device-independent application unit. The device-dependent unit includes a hardware unit and a hardware unit that depend on a compliant standard or a device manufacturer, and a software unit such as a driver or firmware that drives the hardware unit and the hardware unit. The driver or the like hides the difference between the device dependent parts.

  The device-independent application unit includes an extended function unit and a basic function unit. The basic function unit is connected to the device-dependent unit by a device-independent API (porting IF) via a hardware unit and a driver that conceals the difference between the hardware unit and the device-dependent software unit. The device-independent application unit transmits data between the hardware unit, the hardware unit, and the device-dependent software unit via a hardware unit and a driver that conceals the difference between the hardware unit and the device-dependent software unit. Input and output.

  The basic function unit and the extended function unit are connected via a device-independent API (extension IF). The basic function unit and the device-dependent unit are connected via a device-independent API. A basic function unit in the device-independent application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the hardware unit, the hardware unit, and the extended function unit instead of the middleware unit.

  The device-independent application unit inputs and outputs to / from each other via the basic function unit as necessary. The extended function unit of the device-independent application unit inputs and outputs information via the basic function unit and the device-independent API. The basic function unit inputs / outputs information via the device-independent application unit and the device-independent API, and through the device-dependent unit OAM unit, driver, firmware, hardware unit, hardware unit, and device-independent API. Input and output information.

  Similar to the middleware unit shown in FIG. 5, the basic function unit inputs the operation information as it is or in a predetermined format. For example, if it is another device-independent application unit, the basic function unit converts it into the device-independent API format of the input format, and if it is a device-dependent OAM unit, driver, firmware, and hardware unit The operation information is input after conversion into the device-independent API format of the input format or after termination and predetermined processing. At the time of input, the basic function unit deletes unnecessary input information at each input destination, and if there is insufficient information, it is collected and supplemented via other device-independent API or device-independent API. Is desirable. However, the basic function unit may broadcast or multicast the input to the input destination and broadcast it to related applications or the like.

  The device-independent application unit includes, for example, an extended function unit and a basic function unit. The device-independent application unit may not include either the extended function unit or the basic function unit. The device-independent application unit may further include a function unit other than the extended function unit and the basic function unit. For example, when the extended function unit is unnecessary, the device-independent application unit may not include the extended function unit.

  It is preferable that the extended function unit can be added or deleted independently without affecting other functions. For example, according to the service requirements, for example, when the extended function unit is a multicast service and power saving support, the extended function unit is added as needed, and deleted when it is no longer needed, It may be replaced or changed according to the change.

  It is desirable that the device-independent API is provided in advance in the basic function unit assuming an extended function unit to be added later, but if necessary, the device-independent API, device-independent API, and other device-independent applications You may add or delete in the form which suppresses modification of a part.

(Fourth example of architecture)
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a fourth example of the architecture of the communication device. The difference between the fourth example of the architecture and the third example of the architecture is that the communication device includes a device-dependent application unit under the basic function unit. As described above, the communication device of the fourth example of the architecture has an effect of simplifying the configuration of the basic function unit by including the device-dependent application unit.

  The communication device illustrated in FIG. 9 includes a device-dependent unit and a device-independent application unit. The device dependent unit includes a hardware unit and a hardware unit depending on a compliant standard or a device manufacturer, a software unit such as a driver and firmware for driving the hardware unit and the hardware unit, and at least a part of the device dependent unit. A device-dependent application unit that drives the device. The device-independent application part depends on the device through the driver that hides the difference between the porting IF and the hardware unit and between the hardware unit and the device-dependent software, or through the porting IF and the device-dependent application unit. It is a general-purpose device-independent application that executes processing that does not. The basic function unit in the device independent application unit and the device dependent application unit in the device dependent unit are connected via a device independent API. The device-dependent application unit and the device-dependent unit are connected via a device-dependent API.

  The basic function unit in the device-independent application unit performs input / output with the hardware and the extended function unit instead of the middleware unit. The basic function unit may include a management / control agent unit corresponding to communication from the EMS, or may include a management / control agent unit as an extended function unit.

  The basic function unit inputs and outputs via a device-independent application unit and a device-independent API (extension IF), and the device-dependent unit OAM unit, driver, firmware, hardware unit, hardware unit, and device-independent API Input / output is performed via a device-dependent API and a device-dependent application driver or device-dependent application unit that conceals the difference between the (porting IF) and the device-dependent unit.

  The basic function unit is input as it is or in a predetermined format, like the middleware unit shown in FIG. As in the third example of the architecture, the basic function unit may include a management / control agent unit corresponding to communication from the EMS, or may include a management / control agent unit as an extended function unit. .

  The device-independent application unit includes, for example, an extended function unit and a basic function unit. As in the third example of the architecture, the device-independent application unit may not include either the extended function unit or the basic function unit. The device-independent application unit may further include a function unit other than the extended function unit and the basic function unit, as in the third example of the architecture.

  As in the third example of the architecture, it is preferable that the extension function unit can be added, deleted, replaced, or changed independently of each other without affecting other functions. A part of the basic function unit may be replaced with a device-dependent application unit. The device-dependent application unit directly inputs / outputs information from the basic function unit. However, the device-dependent application unit may input / output information to / from the EMS as it is or after a predetermined conversion without passing through the basic function unit.

  As in the first example of the architecture shown in FIG. 5, the device-independent API is preferably provided in advance in the basic function unit assuming an extended function unit to be added later. You may add or delete as needed in the form which suppresses modification of API, another apparatus independent application part, an apparatus dependent application part, or an apparatus dependence API.

(5th example of architecture)
The upper right diagram in FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a fifth example of the architecture. The lower right diagram in FIG. 9 corresponds to the first to fourth examples of the architecture. In this example, the communication device includes existing / commercial hardware and external hardware. For example, existing / commercial hardware is a non-generic device-dependent unit that depends on the device, a middleware unit that hides the difference between hardware and software on the external hardware, and a general-purpose device whose operation does not depend on the device It has an independent application part. Therefore, the device-dependent part (vendor-dependent part) below the middleware in FIG. 9 is a functional part that depends on the standard or the equipment manufacturer of the communication apparatus. The device-independent application unit is a functional unit that does not depend on a standard or a device manufacturing vendor with which the device of the communication device complies.
The middleware unit and the device-independent application unit are connected via a device-independent API that is an input / output IF independent of the device. For example, a software part, an OAM, a hardware part, and a hardware part, and a middleware part on external hardware are equipment dependent APIs that are input / output IFs that depend on the equipment, and existing / commercial hardware. Hardware and external hardware through an inter-device connection.

  This architecture facilitates flexible and quick addition of an extended function unit (unique function unit) by a device-independent application unit, and can provide a communication service in a timely manner. Here, the device dependence unit may be the maintenance operation, access control, physical layer processing, and optical module shown in FIG. 9, and depends on the configuration of the device itself.

  For example, priority is given to a function that contributes to the differentiation of communication services or a function that has a high update frequency such as DBA that improves priority processing of the main signal and line utilization efficiency, or a device-independent application section. You may decide. Furthermore, the device-independent application unit may be used because it has a small difference in at least one of a standard, a generation, a system, a system, a device type, and a manufacturing vendor that the device to be shared complies with.

  Even if it is not optimal for at least one of the compliant standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendors, any of the standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendor functions to comply with In order to generalize a common IF, a common IF for executing a function may be used. The common IF may include IFs and parameters that are not used in any of the standards, generations, systems, systems, device types, and manufacturing vendors that the device-dependent unit conforms to.

  There is a shortage of conversion function units that convert IFs, parameters, etc. to correspond to device dependent units, and / or lack of middleware units, device dependent unit drivers, and device dependent application units (vendor dependent application units) A function unit that automatically sets corresponding to IF, parameters, and the like may be further provided.

  The device dependent unit includes a hardware unit and a software unit. The software unit executes device-dependent drivers, firmware, applications, and the like.

  The device-dependent unit may not include PMD and MAC connected to the physical medium, PMA that serializes data, and PCS or PHY that is a part that encodes data. For example, only light-related functions may be provided without low-level signal processing such as modulation / demodulation signal processing, forward error correction (FEC), codec decoding processing, and encryption processing.

  The device-independent application unit is, for example, a management / control agent unit that acquires data from EMS, an extended function unit, and a basic function unit. Hereinafter, items common to the extended function unit are denoted by “extended function unit” with a part of the reference numerals omitted. The EMS is, for example, a controller that controls network elements. The device-independent application unit may not include any of the management / control agent unit, the extended function unit, and the basic function unit.

  The device-independent application unit may further include a configuration other than the management / control agent unit, the extended function unit, and the basic function unit. For example, when the extended function unit is unnecessary, the device-independent application unit may not include the extended function unit. In addition, the device-independent application unit may include one or more extended function units.

  It is preferable that the extended function unit can be added, deleted, replaced, or changed independently without unnecessarily affecting other functions. For example, the extended function unit may be appropriately added, deleted, replaced, or changed when an extended function unit that executes multicast service or power saving is required in accordance with a service request.

  The basic function unit may be included in the device-independent application unit as a part of the extended function unit, or may be replaced by a lower-level function unit than the middleware unit. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit. When a functional unit lower than the middleware unit substitutes for the basic function unit, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit, and the function unit lower than the middleware unit substitutes for the basic function unit, the device-independent application unit may not include the basic function unit.

  The management / control agent unit does not need to input / output from / to the EMS when performing automatic setting according to a predetermined setting without receiving communication from the EMS. Furthermore, when the management / control agent unit does not have a management setting function and other device-independent application units, basic function units, and device-dependent units have a management setting function, the device-independent application unit is a management / control agent unit. May not be provided.

  The EMS and the device-independent application unit may directly input / output information. In addition, the device dependence unit may not include the NE management / control unit and the NE management / control unit IF.

  The basic function unit may be included in the device-independent application unit as a part of the extended function unit, or may be replaced by a lower-level function unit of the middleware unit. When the extended function part includes the basic function part, when the lower-level function part of the middleware part replaces the basic function part, or a combination thereof, the device-independent application part may not include the basic function part. Good. Further, a part of the basic function unit may be replaced by a device-dependent application unit that is a lower-level function unit of the middleware unit.

  The management / control agent unit does not need to input / output information from / to the EMS when performing automatic setting according to a predetermined setting. In addition, when the management / control agent unit does not have a management setting function and other device-independent application units, basic function units, and device-dependent units have a management setting function, the device-independent application unit includes a management / control agent unit. It does not have to be provided. The EMS and the device-independent application unit may directly input / output information.

  Examples of input / output between the device-independent application unit and the device-dependent unit are as follows. For example, the DBA application unit and the protection application unit input / output information to / from the TC layer embedded OAM engine. The DWBA application and the ONU registration / authentication application unit input / output information to / from the TC layer PLOAM engine. The power saving application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the OMCI and L2 main signal processing function unit (L2 function unit). The MLD proxy application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the L2 function unit. The low speed monitoring application (OMCI) inputs / outputs information to / from the OMCI. The OMCI and L2 function units operate the XGEM framer and encryption. Here, DWBA and DBA may be separate, integrated, or combined. For example, the management / control agent unit is an application unit for the maintenance operation function, and inputs / outputs information to / from the EMS, which is an NE controller for the NE management / control unit.

  The device-independent application unit includes a device vendor, a method, a device type, a device generation, for example, ITU-TG. TWDM-PON conforming to the 989 series and ITU-T G. XG-PON conforming to the 987 series and ITU-T G. G-PON conforming to the 984 series and ITU-T G. It is an application that operates without depending on any of the BPON conforming to the 983 series. The device-independent application unit is a device vendor, method, device type, device generation, such as 10GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3av or IEEE1904.1, and GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3ah. It's an app that works without depending on at least one of them.

  As an application of the extended function section, only for apps for driving functions provided for some vendors, methods, types, and generations, and devices for some vendors, methods, types, and generations via device-independent APIs. An application that drives the provided function may be included.

  The management / control agent unit inputs and outputs with the EMS and the middleware unit. The middleware unit inputs and outputs NE management information and control information to and from the NE management / control unit. The NE management / control unit may directly transmit / receive NE management information and control information to / from the EMS without going through the middleware unit, or send / receive NE management information and control information via the management / control agent unit. Also good.

  The middleware unit inputs and outputs information via the device-independent application unit and the device-independent API. The middleware unit inputs / outputs information to / from the OAM unit, driver, firmware, hardware unit, or hardware unit of the device dependent unit via the device dependent API. The middleware unit outputs the input information as it is or in a predetermined format. For example, if the output destination is each unit of the device-independent application unit, the middleware unit converts the information into the input format of each unit of the device-independent API. If the output destination is an OAM part, driver, firmware, hardware part, or hardware part of a device dependent part, the middleware part converts it into a form of a device dependent API of a format to be input to each, or terminates it. The information is transmitted to the output destination after performing a predetermined process.

  It is desirable that the middleware unit deletes unnecessary input information at each input destination when inputting, and if there is insufficient information, collects and supplements via other device-independent API or device-dependent API. . In addition, at the time of input to the middleware unit, it may be broadcast or multicast and broadcast to related applications.

  Although the middleware unit and the device-dependent unit are exemplified as a single unit, they may be composed of a plurality of units. When the hardware of the device-dependent unit includes a plurality of processors, the middleware unit may input / output using inter-processor communication or the like across processors and hardware. The device-independent application units and the device-independent application units may be arranged as an execution program such as DLL on the user space on a single processor, or on the user space on a plurality of processors. Also good.

  In addition, the device-independent application unit may be arranged in the kernel space after securing an input / output IF such as an API, or may be arranged together with a middleware unit having an IF that can be replaced with firmware or the like independently. Alternatively, it may be recompiled by incorporating it in firmware or the like. User space and kernel space may be arbitrarily combined for each device-independent application unit.

  Device-independent application units corresponding to the same function may be implemented in both user space and kernel space. In this case, for example, either may be selected by switching, both may be processed in cooperation, or actual processing may be performed by only one of them. The same applies to the software of the device dependent unit.

  Desirably, as high-speed processing is required as in main signal processing, DBA processing, and low-layer signal processing, there is a trade-off between scalability and immediacy of replacement, but high-speed processing is expected with less overhead. It is desirable to incorporate in kernel space and firmware. The processor in which the device-dependent application unit is arranged also has the user space of the processor that performs the actual processing or the processor in the vicinity thereof from the viewpoint of the influence on the other programs due to the restriction of the bus and the speed due to the communication between the processors and the occupation of the communication path It is desirable to place it in kernel space or firmware. However, in order to reduce the ability of a processor that performs actual processing or a processor in the vicinity thereof, the communication cost due to communication between processors increases, but processing may be performed by a remote processor.

  It is desirable that the device-independent API is pre-installed in the middleware part assuming an extended function part to be added, but it is added as necessary in a form that suppresses modification of the device-dependent API and other device-independent application parts. Or it may be deleted.

(Sixth example of architecture)
The sixth example of the architecture includes a hardware unit and a hardware unit that depend on a standard or a device manufacturing vendor that conforms as a device-dependent unit, a software unit such as a driver and firmware that drives the hardware unit and the hardware unit, A device-dependent application unit that drives at least a part of the device-dependent unit.

  The device-dependent application unit and the device-dependent unit are connected via a device-dependent API. The device-dependent application unit may include a management / control agent unit corresponding to communication from the EMS. The device-dependent API may be added or deleted as necessary in a form that suppresses modification of the device-dependent application unit and the device-dependent API.

  The communication device configurations shown in the first to sixth examples of the communication device architecture are described on the premise of an PON OLT conforming to the ITU-T recommendation such as TWDM-PON. It may be either PON OLT or ONU compliant with ITU-T recommendations other than TWDM-PON, or PON compliant with IEEE standards such as GE-PON, 10GE-PON, etc. A layer or PMD layer is the same if it is read as the corresponding layer.

  TWDM-PON is a PON multicast function, a power saving control function, a frequency / time synchronization function, a protection function, a maintenance operation function, an L2 main signal processing function, a PON access control function, and a PON main signal. A case where the processing function is mainly provided will be described as an example. Hereinafter, a PON multicast function, a power saving control function, a frequency / time synchronization function, a protection function, a maintenance operation function, an L2 main signal processing function, a PON access control function, and a PON main signal processing function, It is called “Main 8 functions”.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the communication device and the external server 16. The communication system includes a communication device and an external server 16. The communication apparatus includes at least a part of a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14, and a proxy unit 15. Note that the communication device may include an external server 16.

  FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration in which the transmission / reception unit 11 that transmits and receives (communications) optical signals having different wavelengths (λA to λN) is connected to the same switch unit 12, but the embodiment 1-1 is not limited thereto. For example, in addition to the configuration in which the transmission / reception unit 11 that transmits and receives optical signals of different wavelengths (λA to λN) is connected to the same switch unit 12, the transmission / reception unit 11 that transmits and receives optical signals of the same wavelength is the same switch. The transmission / reception unit 11 may be connected to the unit 12, or at least some of the transmission / reception units 11 among the transmission / reception units 11 that transmit and receive optical signals having different wavelengths (λA to λN) are connected to the same switch unit 12. Alternatively, a part or all of the transmission / reception unit 11 may be the transmission / reception unit 11 that performs only transmission or reception.

The communication device such as the OLT may include the control unit 14 from the transmission / reception unit 11 or may further include an external server 16 in addition to these. The OSU may be the transmission / reception unit 11 or may include a switch unit 12 (SW) or a switch unit 13 (SW) in addition to the transmission / reception unit 11.
The communication system having the communication system configuration (1-1) includes a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14, a proxy unit 15, and an external server 16. (FIG. 10).

  When the communication apparatus is an OLT, the OLT may be configured by a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), and a control unit 14, or the transmission / reception unit 11. (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14, and an external server 16 may be used. The OSU may be configured with the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), may be configured with the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), and the switch unit 12 (SW), or may be configured with the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) and the switch. You may comprise from the part 13 (SW).

  A transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) that transmits and receives optical signals having different wavelengths (λA to λN) is connected to the switch unit 12. The transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) performs autonomous control or is controlled from other components such as the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16, Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16. The transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), according to a predetermined procedure, applies at least a part of the traffic of the ODN or the switch unit 12 (SW), such as a VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network), priority, discard priority, or destination. Alternatively, at least one of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, loopback, and transparency, or a combination thereof, is performed without adding, deleting, or replacing tags of the combination, or without changing the tag.

  Note that upstream traffic is not necessarily aggregated. In the configuration of the communication system configuration (1-1), the switch unit 12 (SW) is mainly allocated for each wavelength, but represents aggregation, distribution, duplication, loopback, transmission, VID (Virtual LAN Identifier) and priority discard. Tag addition such as tags or tag replacement may be performed. In the configuration of the communication system configuration (1-2) described later, the upstream traffic is mainly aggregated, but distribution, distribution, duplication, loopback, transparency, tag addition, or tag replacement may be performed. Downlink traffic may also be aggregated, distributed, distributed, duplicated, looped back, transparent, tagged, or tagged, or at least some combinations may be performed. Which one is to be determined is determined according to the service policy. The same applies to the subsequent communication system configurations.

  The switch unit 12 (SW) is connected to the switch unit 13 (SW). The switch unit 12 (SW) performs autonomous control or is controlled from other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16, Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16. The switch unit 12 (SW) sends at least a part of the VLAN, priority, discard priority, destination, or the like to a part or all of the traffic of the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) or the switch unit 13 (SW) according to a predetermined procedure or Add, delete, or replace tags in the combination, or at least part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, loopback, transparency, tag addition, or tag replacement, or combinations thereof, without changing tags Process. The same applies to the subsequent communication system configurations.

  Note that the switch unit 12 (SW) is not necessarily controlled. There are a case where at least one of the proxy units 15 is controlled from the transmission / reception unit 11 and a case where control information is transferred from the transmission / reception unit 11 to at least one of the proxy units 15 without being controlled. For example, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16 is used as the transfer source. Further, the proxy unit 15 may move autonomously from the transmission / reception unit 11. The same applies to the subsequent communication system configurations.

  The switch unit 13 (SW) is connected to the proxy unit 15 directly or via a concentrator SW. This concentrator SW performs at least a part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, loopback, or transmission on traffic from or to a plurality of OLTs. The switch unit 13 (SW) performs autonomous control or is controlled from other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16, Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16. The switch unit 13 (SW) is a part of the traffic of the switch unit 12 (SW) or the proxy unit 15 or all of them, according to a predetermined procedure, at least a part of VLAN, priority, discard priority, destination, or a combination thereof. Processing of at least a part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, loopback, or transparency or a combination thereof is performed without adding, deleting, or replacing tags, or without changing tags.

  The control unit 14 includes a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a proxy unit 15 or an external server 16 or an external operation system (not shown), a controller (not shown), or an external Connected to a device (not shown). The control unit 14 controls other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16, or the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx). The instructions are transferred via other components such as the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16.

  The proxy unit 15 illustrated in FIG. 10 may be installed on the data path from the OLT to the OLT. However, since there may be other devices (for example, a concentrator SW that aggregates / distributes traffic from or to a plurality of OLTs) between them, they are not always directly connected. As a flow of control, the proxy unit 15 may be present in any of the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, and the external server 16.

  The proxy unit 15 is connected directly to a higher-level device (not shown) or via a concentrator SW. This concentrator SW performs at least a part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, loopback, or transmission on traffic from or to a plurality of OLTs. The proxy unit 15 performs autonomous control or is controlled from other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14 or the external server 16, Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14 or the external server 16. The proxy unit 15 applies at least a part of the VLAN, priority, discard priority, destination, or the like to a part or all of the traffic of the switch unit 13 (SW) or a higher-level device (not shown) according to a predetermined procedure. Processing of at least a part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, folding, or transparency, or a combination thereof is performed without adding, deleting, or replacing tags of the combination or without changing the tag.

  The external server 16 includes a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14 or a proxy unit 15, an external operation system (not shown), a controller (not shown), or an external Connected to a device (not shown). The external server 16 controls other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, or the proxy unit 15, or the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx). The instruction is transferred via the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), or other components such as the control unit 14 or the proxy unit 15.

  The transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16 includes the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), and the switch unit. 13 (SW), a part of the traffic of other components such as the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16 or all of the traffic itself or a copy thereof, a part of the received traffic, all of the received traffic Other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16, in response to partially or completely rewritten traffic or received traffic , Send to external operation system (not shown), controller (not shown) or external device (not shown) There.

Note that elements may not be included as appropriate, and exchanges with elements that do not include, for example, are skipped and exchanged with subsequent elements. You may communicate with each other between hub bodies.
In the communication system of the communication system configuration (1-2), the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) (λA) that transmits and receives optical signals of the same wavelength instead of different wavelengths is further added to the configuration of the communication system configuration (1-1). ˜λA), transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) (λB to λB),..., Transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) (λN to λN) are respectively connected to the switch unit 12. Furthermore, a plurality of transmission / reception units 11 having at least some wavelengths among the transmission / reception units 11 having different wavelengths may be connected to the switch unit 12. Others are the same.

  In the optical access system according to FIG. Complies with 989 series. In FIG. 11, the controller and the external device are not included in the OLT, but are described to illustrate communication with a FASA (Flexible Access System Architecture) application API. The logical model includes a FASA application and a FASA base that provides the FASA application with a FASA application API. The FASA infrastructure includes middleware for FASA applications. The FASA application API middleware absorbs differences in hardware and software vendors and methods that make up the FASA infrastructure. A FASA application API set independent of vendors and systems is defined on the middleware for the FASA application API, and necessary functions are realized for each service or each communication carrier by replacing the FASA application. Communication between FASA applications and setting management by a controller or the like are performed via the FASA application API middleware. Note that FASA application API middleware may not be used.

  The FASA application API set is a common API group used in the FASA application, and an API required for each FASA application is selected from the API set and used.

  The connection relationship shown below is an example, and the connection interposed therebetween may be a connection that does not intervene, or may be connected to only a part of a plurality of connection relationships, or may be other connections. . The same applies to other explanations. The same applies to other explanations. The EMS functioning as the NE controller is an OLT setting management system such as NE-OpS. The middle management and the IF conversion application via the IF conversion application (for example, the low-speed monitoring application (EMS-IF) and the setting / management) App) is placed. The IF conversion application corresponds to an SBI application that converts an SBI (South Band Interface) command that is a control IF for a network entity such as OLT from an EMS such as an NE controller. If the IF conversion application performs IF conversion, but the low-speed monitoring application (EMS-IF) and the setting / management application have an API that does not need IF conversion or IF conversion, the IF conversion application It is not necessary to prepare. The low-speed monitoring application (EMS-IF) and the setting / management application connected to the L2 (layer 2) function are connected to NE control / management that performs EMS, NE management, and the like via middleware. The low-speed monitoring application (OMCI), the MLD proxy application (multicast application), and the power saving application are each connected to the L2 function via middleware.

  The protection application is connected to the PLOAM Engine and Embedded OAM Engine via middleware. The power saving application is connected to the OMCI and the PLOAM Engine via middleware. The ONU registration authentication application and DWBA application are connected to the PLOAM Engine via middleware, and the DBA application is connected to the Embedded OAM Engine via middleware. The power saving application may be operated between the protection application, the ONU registration authentication application, the DWBA application, and the DBA application via the middleware. An input from an external device is connected to the DBA application via middleware. These connections are examples, and an input from an external device may be connected to an application other than the DBA application, such as a protection application or a DWBA application. Further, an input from an external device may be IF-converted via an IF conversion application via middleware, or connected to a DBA application or the like via a setting / management application via middleware.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a flow of signals / information between functional units in the communication apparatus. 12 includes a PON main signal processing function unit 300, a PMD unit 310, a PON access control function unit 320, a maintenance operation function unit 330 (PLOAM processing, OMCI processing), and an L2 main signal processing function unit. 340, a PON multicast function unit 350, a power saving control function unit 360, a frequency / time synchronization function unit 370, and a protection function unit 380.

  The PON main signal processing function unit 300 has a PON main signal processing function. The PON main signal processing function is a function group that processes main signals transmitted to and received from the ONU, and includes generation and separation of PON frames, forward error correction (FEC), and the like. The PON access control function unit 320 has a PON access control function.

  The PON access control function unit 320 is a control function group for performing the above-described main signal transmission / reception, and includes dynamic bandwidth allocation, ONU registration authentication, and the like. The maintenance operation function unit 330 (PLOAM processing, OMCI processing) has a maintenance operation function. The maintenance operation function is a group of functions for smoothly maintaining and operating a service by an access device. A function for performing device settings for ONUs and OLTs (OSUs and switches), software update, device and service management, various types It includes a function for monitoring whether the function is operating normally, a function for actively issuing an alarm when an abnormality occurs, a test function for investigating the range and cause when the abnormality occurs, and the like. In addition, the maintenance operation function is connected to a maintenance operation system that manages a large number of access devices, thereby realizing smooth maintenance operation from a remote location. The L2 main signal processing function unit 340 has an L2 main signal processing function. The L2 main signal processing function is a function group that transfers and processes main signals between the PON side port and the SNI side port, and includes functions such as MAC address learning, VLAN control, priority control, and traffic monitoring. The PON multicast function unit 350 has a PON multicast function. The PON multicast function is a function group that forwards a multicast stream received from the SNI side to an appropriate user, and includes a function of identifying and allocating the multicast stream and performing ONU filter setting.

  The power saving control function unit 360 has a power saving control function. The power saving control function is a group of functions for reducing the power consumption of ONUs and OLTs. In addition to the power saving function specified in the standardization, the influence on the service is minimized by linking with the traffic monitor. While including the function to get the maximum effect. The frequency / time synchronization function unit 370 has a frequency / time synchronization function. The frequency / time synchronization function is a function group for providing accurate frequency synchronization and time synchronization to the devices under the ONU. The frequency / time synchronization function is a function for subordinately synchronizing its own real-time clock to the host device, or to the ONU using a PON frame. Includes a function to notify time information. The protection function unit 380 has a protection function. The protection function is a function group for continuing the service by switching or taking over from the active system to the standby system when a failure is detected in a configuration where redundancy is provided by a plurality of hardware such as between switches and OSUs. And functions such as detection of a switching trigger and execution of switching processing. In addition, the protection function provides a function to keep the service operating in a reduced operation without stopping the entire service when a failure is detected or manually switched. The PMD unit 310 has functions other than the main eight functions.

  The PON main signal processing function unit 300 may be connected to the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330 (PLOAM processing, OMCI processing), and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. Good. The PON multicast function unit 350 is connected to the group consisting of the PON main signal processing function unit 300, the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330, and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. It may be. The power saving control function unit 360 is connected to the group consisting of the PON main signal processing function unit 300, the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330, and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. You may do it. The frequency / time synchronization function unit 370 is a group including the PON main signal processing function unit 300, the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330, and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. It may be connected. The protection function unit 380 is connected to the group consisting of the PON main signal processing function unit 300, the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330, and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. May be.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the PON main signal processing function unit 300. The PON main signal processing function unit 300 includes PHY adaptation, framing, and service adaptation in the processing order of the PON main signal processing function in the processing order of the upstream signal (downstream signal processing is the reverse direction). May be. These processes may be composed of basic processes. The basic processes are synchronous block generation / extraction, scrambling / descrambling, FEC decoding / encoding, frame generation / separation, GEM (G-PON Encapsulation Method) encapsulation, fragment processing, and encryption. .

  The PHY adaptation may include synchronization block extraction, descrambling, and FEC decoding in the order of upstream signal processing. The PHY adaptation may include FEC encoding, scrambling, and synchronization block generation in the order of downstream signal processing.

  The PON main signal processing function unit 300 may implement equivalent processing by a combination of basic processing without providing PHY adaptation, framing, or service adaptation processing. The order of PHY adaptation, framing, or service adaptation may be switched. The PHY adaptation may include, for example, FEC processing other than PHY adaptation.

  In the main function of the PON main signal processing function unit 300, when processing of 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ is performed for each wavelength, 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ, respectively. If the above stream processing processes a plurality of wavelengths, a plurality of wavelengths are obtained.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the PON access control function unit 320. Processing that constitutes the PON access control function of the PON access control function unit 320 includes ONU registration or authentication, DBA, and λ setting switching (DWA). These processes may be composed of basic processes. For example, ONU registration or authentication is ranging, authentication deletion, registration, start / stop, and DBA are bandwidth request reception, traffic measurement, history retention, allocation calculation, allocation processing, setting switching calculation, setting switching processing, setting All or some of switching status grasping, λ setting switching is from bandwidth request reception, traffic measurement, history retention, allocation calculation, allocation processing, setting switching calculation, setting switching processing, all or some of setting switching status grasping. It may be configured. Equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing without providing ONU registration or authentication, DBA, and λ setting switching (DWA). Further, the order may be changed.

  As main functions of the PON access control function unit 320, ONU high-speed activation, BWMap within the DBA cycle, non-instantaneous λ setting switching and the like are required as necessary. As an example of function sharing, registration or authentication may be time-critical ranging processing as a device-dependent unit and subsequent authentication or key exchange as an application. In DBA / λ setting switching, a simple repetitive process may be used as a device dependent unit, and reflection in an ideal state may be used as an application.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. The processes constituting the L2 main signal processing function of the L2 main signal processing function unit 340 include MAC learning, VLAN control, path control, bandwidth control, priority control, delay control, and Copy. These processes are basic processes such as address management, classifier (classifier, classification part), modifier (modifier, change part), policer / shaper (policer / shaper), cross connect (cross connect), queue (queue), It may be composed of a scheduler (scheduler), a copy (copy), and a traffic monitor. MAC learning, VLAN control, path control, bandwidth control, priority control, delay control, and copy may not be provided, and equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing. Further, the order may be changed.

  In the main function of the L2 main signal processing function unit 340, when processing of 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ is performed for each wavelength, 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ, respectively. If the above stream processing processes a plurality of wavelengths, a plurality of wavelengths are obtained.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a first example of a functional configuration included in the maintenance operation function unit 330. As the processing that constitutes the maintenance operation function of the maintenance operation function unit 330, ONU, OSU, OLT, or SW device setting (manual, batch, automatic, operation trigger), setting backup, FW update, device control (reset), redundancy It has a configuration correspondence. These processes may be composed of CLI-IF, device management IF, operation IF, general-purpose Config (config) -IF (NETCONF, SNMP, etc.), and table management, which are basic processes. Equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing without providing device setting, setting backup, FW update, device control, and redundant configuration support. Further, the order may be changed.

  The main function of the maintenance operation function unit 330 is within 100 milliseconds from receiving an instruction until ACK transmission, and within 200 milliseconds from receiving the instruction until transmission completion notification transmission (however, setting backup and data update including data transfer are It is required to comply with regulations such as scale (size / number of users). As an example of function sharing, it is possible to use an application except for a hardware Config, and to use an application on the external server 16 in FIG. It can also be realized by unifying commands and defining sequences.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a second example of the function configuration of the maintenance operation function unit 330. The processing that constitutes the functions of the maintenance operation function unit 330 includes apparatus state monitoring (CPU / memory / power supply / switching), traffic monitoring, alarm monitoring (ONU abnormality, OLT abnormality), and test (loopback). These processes may comprise basic processes of alarm notification, log recording, L3 packet generation / processing, and table management. Device status monitoring, traffic monitoring, alarm monitoring, and testing may be realized by combining the same processing with basic processing. Further, the order may be changed.

  The main function of the maintenance / operation function unit 330 is required to comply with a regulation such as a latency of 100 milliseconds or less. As an example of function sharing, only the notification / display IF is an application, and items that need to be monitored (CPU load, memory usage, power supply status, power consumption, Ethernet link status, etc.) are device-dependent units Further, IF such as notification reading from the device-dependent unit, network (NW) transmission of notification, and writing to a file can be processed by the application.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a third example of the functional configuration of the maintenance operation function unit 330. As a process constituting the maintenance operation function of the maintenance operation function unit 330, high-speed monitoring / control input / output (sleep instruction / response, λ setting switching instruction / response, etc.) is provided. As means for this processing, a physical layer OAM (PLOAM) message and a bit display (Embedded OAM) in the header are used. These processes may include basic processes such as PLOAM processing, embedded OAM processing, communication with the power saving control function unit 360, communication with the protection function unit 380, and communication with the PON access control function unit 320. High-speed monitoring / control input / output may be realized by combining the same processing with basic processing. Further, the order may be changed. The main functions of the maintenance / operation function unit 330 are required to comply with regulations such as setting the PLOAM processing within 750 microseconds.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the PON multicast function unit 350. The processing that constitutes the PON multicast function of the PON multicast function unit 350 includes identification or distribution of multicast streams, MLD proxy / snooping, ONU filter setting, and transition between wavelength settings. These processes may include basic processes such as L2 identification / distribution, L3 packet processing (preferably including Ipv6 Parse), L3 packet generation, table management, and communication with the OMCI function. Multicast stream identification or distribution, MLD proxy / snooping, ONU filter setting, and inter-wavelength setting transition may be realized by a combination of basic processes. Further, the order may be changed.

  In the main function of the PON multicast function unit 350, when the identification / distribution processing is 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ for each wavelength, 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s, respectively. If the stream processing of / λ or more processes a plurality of wavelengths, a plurality of wavelengths are obtained. Further, in the main function of the PON multicast function unit 350, it is required that the zapping performance (Zapping performance) (JOIN latency) conforms to a rule such as an average of 1.5 seconds or less as packet processing.

  As an example of the function sharing, the identification and distribution of the multicast (MC) stream can be processed by software if it is a CPU or the like having a high-speed processing capability, but hardware + config is desirable. In addition, the application system and ONU setting for uplink are processing by the application because the frequency and delay restrictions are loose.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration included in the power saving control function unit 360. The processing that constitutes the functions of the power saving control function unit 360 includes sleep proxy / traffic monitoring, ONU wavelength setting, and transition between wavelength settings. These processes may consist of basic processes such as L3 packet processing (preferably with Ipv6 Parse), L3 packet generation, table management, OSU power saving state diagram (SD), and communication with OMCI function. Good. The sleep proxy / traffic monitor, ONU wavelength setting, and inter-wavelength setting transition may be realized by a combination of basic processes. Further, the order may be changed.

  In this main function, it is required to comply with regulations such as transmission / reception rise time (receiver / transmitter) of 10 milliseconds / 5 milliseconds and rise time (LC / OSU / OLT) of 100 milliseconds / 1 second / 10 seconds. It is done.

  As an example of function sharing, a power save (PS: Power Save) application, or depending on a signal, proxy processing or application processing can be performed. The power saving control state transition management (driver unit) requires speed, but can also be processed by an application. For the traffic monitor, only the configuration can be processed by the application.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the frequency / time synchronization function unit 370. The OLT subordinately synchronizes its own real-time clock (RTC) to the host device by SyncE (Synchronous Ethernet (registered trademark)) (for frequency synchronization) and IEEE 1588v2 (time synchronization). Furthermore, the correspondence between the PON super frame counter (SFC) and absolute time (ToD: Time of Day) information is notified to the ONU using OMCI. These processes may be configured by holding a real-time clock, which is a basic process. Equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing. Further, the order may be changed.

  In this main function, frequency synchronization accuracy +/− 50 ppb (LTE FDD, TDD), time synchronization accuracy +/− 1 to 1.5 microseconds (LTE TDD, small cell), +/− 1 microsecond (G. It is required to comply with regulations such as 987.3). As an example of function sharing, the real-time clock itself is a device-dependent unit, and the time adjustment calculation to the host device can be processed by an application (it can also be a device-dependent unit depending on accuracy).

  FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the protection function unit 380. As a process constituting the protection function of the protection function unit 380, redundant switching (CT, SW, NNI, CONT, PON (Type A, B, C)) is provided. These processes may be configured by basic processes such as redundant path setting, switching trigger detection, switching notification transmission / reception, switching processing, and the like. Equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing. Further, the order may be changed.

  In this main function, forced switching is required to comply with regulations such as 50 milliseconds or less. As an example of function sharing, processing by an application can be performed except for hardware switching trigger detection and switching processing such as failure detection. When a redundant path is not set in advance and an instruction is given to (from) the EMS when a switching trigger is detected, it is device-dependent.

  The main 8 functions may be provided as necessary. For example, only the PON main signal processing function, the PON access control function, the L2 main signal processing function, the maintenance operation function may be provided, or other functions may be provided. May be. Further, the evaluation of whether each function can be softwareized is an example on the assumption that the processing capability of the OLT assumed in 2018 and the application of the soft switch are not assumed. It may be changed as appropriate assuming an assumed processing capacity and application of a soft switch. Even a function that can be softened may not be softened. The internal configuration of each function may be another configuration as long as the same function can be realized.

  Algorithms included in the main 8 functions are defined as main software areas. A function defined as a software area is a device-independent application section on a device-independent API. For example, algorithms in the ONU registration or authentication function, DWBA function, setting / management / monitoring control function, and power saving control function that contribute to the differentiation service are treated as an extended function unit in the device-independent application unit. The MLD proxy application includes a multicast function.

  The extended function unit is an extended function unit depending on the importance of the update frequency of the function, the realization of the original specification, and the like. It is preferable to use a middleware unit other than the basic function unit and the device-independent application unit, device-dependent software, a hardware unit, and a hardware unit that have a low update frequency or a low requirement for realizing an original specification or the like. In particular, it is preferable to leave the hardware part and the hardware part for functions that are limited by the processing capability of the software. For example, a function that contributes to service differentiation or a high frequency of renewal such as DBA to improve main signal priority processing and line usage efficiency, or management that is closely related to the operator's work flow and requires unique specifications for each operator From the control function to the extended function section.

  The information processing unit is not limited to these software functions, and may have other software functions. A hardware part and a hardware part are not restricted to a transmission / reception part, OSU, a switch, a control part, and an information processing part. For example, the information processing unit may be included in a transmission / reception unit, an OSU, a switch, or a control unit. As shown in FIG. 10, a proxy unit or an external server that processes signals input to and output from the switch may be provided on the NNI (Network-Network Interface) side of the switch. The external server may have an information processing function called a so-called cloud such as a data center including a plurality of devices.

  Each function may be appropriately arranged according to a request for processing capability or processing delay. The OSU may include the switch unit 12 or the switch unit 13, or may include a switch (the switch unit 12 in the case of including the switch unit 13) separately from the switch. It is desirable that the switch functions are appropriately shared according to the processing capacity of the switch without overlapping between the switch unit 12 and the switch unit 13, but may be overlapped.

  The place where the softening function is provided is not limited to the information processing unit, and may be provided at a place where a plurality of arithmetic processes can be performed. For example, the location where the softwareization function is deployed is other than the transmission / reception unit, the OSU switch, the OSU switch, the OLT control unit, the OLT switch, the OLT information processing unit, the OLT switch, the control unit, and the information processing unit. Either a proxy unit that processes signals input to or output from the switch on the NNI side of the switch or a processing device such as an external server may be used.

  Further, the arrangement of the softening function may be arranged for each softening function, or may be a part of the softening function obtained by dividing a single softening function. For example, the part related to the transmission / reception unit other than the transmission / reception unit, for example, the switch of the OSU, the transmission / reception unit of the OSU and other than the switch, the switch of the OLT, the control unit of the OLT, the information processing unit of the OLT, It may be deployed somewhere or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations such as a proxy unit and an external server on the main signal path outside the OLT. Items related to PON termination other than PON termination processing deployment locations, for example, OSU transmission / reception unit, OSU switch, other than OSU transmission / reception unit and other than switch, OLT switch, OLT control unit, OLT information processing unit Other than that of the OLT, the proxy unit may be deployed outside the OLT, or on a combination of a plurality of deployment locations such as a proxy unit or an external server on the main signal path.

  Items related to ONU switches other than ONU switches, for example, transmission / reception unit, other than OSU transmission / reception unit and other switches, OLT switch, OLT control unit, OLT information processing unit, other than OLT, OLT It may be deployed somewhere on the main signal path outside the network such as a proxy unit, an external server, or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations. OLT switches related to OLT switches other than OLT switches, for example, transmission / reception unit, OSU switch, other than OSU transmission / reception unit and other switches, OLT control unit, OLT information processing unit, other than OLT, OLT It may be deployed somewhere on the main signal path outside the network such as a proxy unit, an external server, or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations.

  Further, the location where the softening function is deployed may be changed as appropriate according to the status of deployment of the extended function unit, the computing capacity of the location where computation is possible, the computation load, power consumption, and the like.

  The main functions related to the main signal processing of the OLT and the relationship between the functions will be described. The OLT function is transferred to the switch. A PON main signal processing function for performing PON section processing such as a PHY adaptation function, a framing function, and a service adaptation function is provided in the transmission / reception unit. PON access control functions such as ONU registration or authentication function, DBA control function, and DWA function are provided in the information processing unit. L2 main signal processing functions such as VLAN control used in framing, priority control in the previous stage of the shaper, Max or Demux (MuX / Dmux) and queue, and a shaper in the previous stage of framing are provided in the switch.

  A multicast function such as a copy function at the front stage of the shaper and an MLD proxy used for copying is provided in the switch. In this way, the PON basic function unit is reduced by providing the PON main signal processing function and the PON access control function provided in the PON to the switch. In particular, it is preferable that the L2 main signal processing is provided in the switch while avoiding duplication.

  In addition, as an example of the function of the switch, Classifier (Classifier), Modifier (Modifier), Policer / Shaper (Policer / Shaper), Cross Connect (Cross Connect), Queue (Queue), Scheduler (Scheduler) However, you may change suitably. For example, in the upstream direction, if processing is not performed in the bandwidth allocation unit, the input from the ONU is removed from the preamble and burst overhead for burst transmission, the frame is decapsulated, the LLID is removed, and the PON The terminal may be used only for termination, and all functions of Classifier, Modifier, Policer / Shaper, Cross Connect, Queue, and Scheduler may be implemented by the switch, or only Modifier, Cross Connect, Queue, and Scheduler may be implemented by the switch.

  Furthermore, if a VID or the like describing the path after the PON termination is assigned by the ONU, Cross Connect, Queue, or Schedule may be used. If the host network can be regarded as a single path, it may be Queue or Scheduler. Further, if DBA is performed so that the frames do not collide with each other in the cross connect, the classifier, modifier, policer / shaper, and cross connect can be obtained. Furthermore, if it is in the upstream direction and processing is not performed in the bandwidth allocation unit, the input from the ONU is removed from the preamble and burst overhead for burst transmission, the frame is decapsulated, the LLID is removed, and the PON If only the terminal is attached and a VID or the like describing the path after the PON terminal is assigned by the ONU, only the Cross Connect can be provided.

  Also, Classifier, Modifier, Policer / Shaper, Cross Connect, Queue, Scheduler, Classifier, Policer / Shaper, Modifier, Cross Connect, Queue, Scheduler can be placed in the qua Modifier, Queue, Policer / Shaper, Cross Connect, and Scheduler may be used, or Classifier, Queue, Polymer / Shaper, Modifier, Cross Connect, and Scheduler may be used. In consideration of unnecessary Policing / Shaping due to burst transmission caused by PON burst transmission and multiplexing of priority traffic such as multicast, and reception of leveled traffic on the receiving side, Policer / Shaper It is desirable to execute processing by Policing / Shaping after leveling with Queue in the previous stage.

(Embodiment 1-2)
In the embodiment 1-1, the configuration used for the TWDM-PON is illustrated, but may be applied to the TDM-PON. The TDM-PON is the same as the embodiment 1-1 except that it does not have to have a function of wavelength division multiplexing wavelength resources in the PON section of the ONU-OLT during the ONU, such as λ setting switching (DWA). It is.

(Embodiment 1-3)
In the embodiment 1-1, the configuration used for the TWDM-PON is exemplified, but the configuration may be applied to the WDM-PON. In the WDM-PON, except that the function of time-division multiplexing the bandwidth resources of the PON section of the ONU-OLT between the ONUs such as the DBA is not required, the embodiment 1-3 is the embodiment 1-1. It is the same.

(Embodiment 1-4)
This embodiment is a combination including OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) -PON, CDM (Code Division Multiplex) -PON, SCM (Subcarrier Multiplex) -PON, and core line division multiplexing.

  In the embodiment 1-1, the configuration used for the TWDM-PON is exemplified, but it may be applied to a PON sharing resources other than the wavelength and time. For example, the present invention may be applied to OFDM-PON that divides and multiplexes one-wavelength electric frequency resources, SCM-PON that divides and multiplexes one-wavelength electric frequency resources, and CDM-PON that divides and multiplexes codes. Multiplexing may be used together, space division multiplexing using a multi-core fiber or the like may be used together, mode division multiplexing may be used together, or wavelength division multiplexing may not be used. It is the same if the function of wavelength division multiplexing the wavelength resource of the TWDM-PON is replaced with a function corresponding to a function required for division multiplexing to each resource to be multiplexed.

(Embodiment 2)
In the second embodiment, the configuration used for TWDM-PON performs GEM encapsulation. In this case, an adapter for generating a GEM frame is provided in the switch so that the GEM frame is conducted between the switch and other portions. By transferring to the switch until the GEM encapsulation, the L2 function unit can be excluded from the protocol stack of the other part, and the L2 function unit can be prevented from being overlapped by the switch and the other part.

  Although TWDM-PON is used as an example, as in Embodiment 1-2 to Embodiment 1-4, if the frame for identification in the PON section is handled in the same manner, the same applies to other PONs. The effect is obtained. For example, in the case of IEEE standard GE-PON, 10GE-PON, etc., instead of a GEM frame, an LLID is assigned so that the frame with the LLID is connected between the switch and the other parts. Good.

(Embodiment 3)
In the third embodiment, control information used for TWDM-PON passes through a switch. In this case, instead of transferring the bridge function related to the switch, any one of PLOAM, Embedded OAM, and OMCI holding control information is framed as necessary and processed via the switch. By inputting and outputting control information via a switch, there is an effect that processing other than the switch is lightened. In addition to the transfer of the third embodiment, transfer to the bridge function switch of the first and second embodiments may be performed.

  Although TWDM-PON is given as an example, if control information is handled in the same manner and processed via a switch, the same applies to other PONs as in Embodiment 1-2 to Embodiment 1-4. An effect is obtained.

  You may make it implement | achieve at least one part of the communication apparatus in embodiment mentioned above with a computer. In that case, a program for realizing this function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on this recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed. Here, the “computer system” includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. The “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage device such as a flexible medium, a magneto-optical disk, a portable medium such as a ROM and a CD-ROM, and a hard disk incorporated in a computer system. Furthermore, the “computer-readable recording medium” dynamically holds a program for a short time like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In this case, a volatile memory inside a computer system serving as a server or a client in that case may be included and a program held for a certain period of time. Further, the program may be a program for realizing a part of the above-described functions, and may be a program capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in a computer system. You may implement | achieve using programmable logic devices, such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes designs and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention.

  The present invention is applicable to an optical communication device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... PON system, 2 ... ONU, 3 ... ODN, 4 ... OLT, 5 ... Controller, 6 ... Controller, 11 ... Transmission / reception part, 12 ... Switch part, 13 ... Switch part, 14 ... Control part, 15 ... Proxy part, 16 ... external server, 21 ... device independent API, 23 ... device dependent API, 24 ... device independent API, 25 ... device dependent API, 27 ... device independent API, 40 ... CT, 41 ... SW, 42 ... light subscription 110 ... device dependent unit, 111 ... hardware, 112 ... hardware, 113 ... software, 114 ... OAM, 115 ... NE management / control unit, 120 ... middleware, 130 ... device independent application, 131 ... extended function 132, basic functions, 133, management / control agent, 140, EMS, 150, external device, 160, device-dependent application, 30 ... PON main signal processing function part, 310 ... PMD part, 320 ... PON access control function part, 330 ... maintenance operation function part, 340 ... L2 main signal processing function part, 350 ... PON multicast function part, 360 ... power saving control function Part, 370 ... frequency / time synchronization function part, 380 ... protection function part

Claims (5)

A source that issues a switching instruction;
A component that performs the switching process;
With
The component to be implemented acquires the switching instruction from the issuing source or another component, and transmits the switching instruction to another component to be implemented together with the switching process or the switching process.
Communication device.   The source performs the switching instruction when a difference in time required for switching of signal conversion between the source and the component to be implemented, routing or propagation of the switching instruction is less than a threshold value, and the like. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the communication device transmits the component.   The source compensates for the time difference when a difference in time required for switching of the signal conversion between the source and the component to be implemented, routing of the switching instruction, or switching of propagation is equal to or greater than a threshold value. The communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the time until the switching of the component switching instruction of the route is adjusted by at least one of the time at which the switching instruction is transmitted or the component that propagates with the source and the component to be implemented. A communication method executed by a communication device including a source that issues a switching instruction and a component that performs a switching process,
The component to be implemented acquires the switching instruction from the issuing source or another component, and transmits the switching instruction to the component to be implemented together with the switching process or the switching process.
Including a communication method. In a computer of a communication device comprising a source that issues a switching instruction and a component that performs switching processing,
A procedure in which the component to be implemented acquires the switching instruction from the issuing source or another component, and transmits the switching instruction to another component to be implemented together with the switching process or the switching process;
Communication program for executing

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