JP6680642B2 - Communication device, design method, and communication program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a communication device, a design method, and a communication program.

A communication system including a communication device includes, for example, a PON (Passive Optical Network) system. The PON system is an ONU (Optical Network Unit) installed in a customer's home or the like and an OLT (Optical Line Terminal) which is a communication device installed in a station building. ) And an optical fiber network that connects the two) (see Non-Patent Document 1).
In a communication device, a function that has low dependency on at least one of device compliance standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor is made into a component, and an application programming interface (API: Application Programming Interface) of the function is input. By clarifying at least part of the output interface (IF: Interface) and increasing versatility, portability, and expandability, devices that differ in at least one of the compliant standard, generation, method, system, device type, or manufacturing vendor It is possible to easily share the same and add a unique function (see Non-Patent Document 2).

ITU-T Recommendation G.989.1 40-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (NG-PON2), 2013 "FASA", [online], NTT, [July 28, 2016 search], Internet <http://www.ansl.ntt.co.jp/j/FASA/index.html>

  When the functions are divided into parts, the parts are not necessarily arranged in the same housing but may be distributed and arranged in a plurality of housings. On the contrary, the components inside the housing may be used as components that configure other devices. However, there is a problem in that the constituent elements in the housing of one device cannot be utilized as the constituent elements of another device.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of providing a means for utilizing a constituent element in the housing of a certain device as a constituent element of another device.

One aspect of the present invention constitutes a device, a component for exchanging device information externally, provided in the apparatus, independent device directly to the outside of the device from direct or the component from the outside of the apparatus relative to the component Alternatively, the communication device is provided with a path that allows information to be exchanged with the outside of the device as a component inside the device itself.

One aspect of the present invention is a device that constitutes a device and exchanges information with the outside of the device, and a device that is provided inside the device and is independent of the device outside the device or from the part outside the device. A path that allows information to be exchanged with the outside of the device as a part inside the device, and a part that transmits or receives the information from or outside the device to the outside or outside the device or other than the outside of the device Assigning unique identification information outside the device or within the network including the device, such as an agent part that cuts off information for the part and an identifier or path that can identify the part that exchanges information with the outside of the device or a combination thereof, And a conversion unit that converts the identification information of the component and converts the identification information of the component so that the identification information is unique outside the device or in the network including the device. Information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using the identification information for identifying the component and the identification information for the component, or when the route for each component is used, the identification information for identifying the device and the value related to the route are used. Is a communication device that is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation.
One aspect of the present invention is the communication device described above, wherein the proxy unit, on behalf of the component, sends and receives a transfer confirmation signal, which is confirmation of transfer of information, or performs signal transmission during signal transmission. As the format, at least one of the frame format, the presence / absence of a trailer, the presence / absence of FEC (Forward Error Correction), and the presence / absence of encryption are defined as a format inside the apparatus inside the apparatus and a format outside the apparatus outside the apparatus.

  One aspect of the present invention is the above communication device, which is unique within the device or in a network including the device such as an identifier or a route or a combination thereof that can identify a component that exchanges information with the outside of the device. It further includes an assigning unit that assigns the identification information of

One aspect of the present invention is the communication device, wherein the unique identification information is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using identification information for identifying a device and identification information for the component, or When a path for each part is used, it is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using identification information for identifying the device and a value related to the path.

One aspect of the present invention is a method for designing a communication device having a componentized function, which includes a component that configures the device and exchanges information with the outside of the device, and a component that is provided inside the device and external to the device. a design method of designing the communication apparatus using a route that allows the exchange of direct or independent apparatus or device information externally as a self apparatus internal components directly to the outside of the device from the part from.

  One aspect of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to function as each functional unit included in the communication device according to the present invention.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a means for utilizing a component in the housing of one device as a component of another device.

It is a basic block diagram of a communication device. It is a figure which shows the example of a communication apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the architecture of a communication apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of the architecture of a communication apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the architecture of a communication apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 4th example of the architecture of a communication apparatus. It is a figure which shows another example of an architecture. 3 is a diagram showing an example of configurations of a communication device and an external server 16. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of OLT. It is a figure which shows the flow of the signal / information between the function parts in a communication apparatus. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a PON main signal processing function unit 300. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a PON access control function unit 320. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a functional structure which the L2 main signal processing function part 340 has. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the functional structure which the maintenance operation function part 330 has. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of a structure of the function which the maintenance operation function part 330 has. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the functional structure which the maintenance operation function part 330 has. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a PON multicast function unit 350. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a function structure which the power saving control function part 360 has. It is a figure which shows the example of a function structure which the frequency / time synchronizing function part 370 has. It is a figure which shows the example of a function structure which the protection function part 380 has.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
The communication device is, for example, a device that performs communication with another communication device by a signal such as an optical signal that passes through a communication network such as an optical fiber network such as a PON. The communication device is, for example, an OLT. The communication device may be, for example, an OSU (Optical Subscriber Unit). The communication device may be, for example, a combination of an OLT with or without a switch unit (SW) for switching an optical signal and another switch unit (SW). The communication device may be, for example, a combination of OLT and ONU. The communication device may include a plurality of devices.

  Communication between components is performed through middleware described later, but a unique transfer route or means of a communication device may be used, or standardization such as OPENLOW, NETCONF / YANG, and SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is standardized. Other means may be used. Further, it may be any route such as internal wiring, backboard, OAM section, main signal line, dedicated wiring, operation system, controller or control board (Cont board). When the communication is directly terminated and input, it may be encapsulated in the OAM section or the main signal. The communication may be terminated at any place and input via a route such as internal wiring, backboard, OAM section, main signal line, dedicated wiring, operation system, controller or control panel. When using the OAM section and the main signal line, it is desirable to encapsulate them in the OAM section and the main signal. When the main signal line is passed, it is desirable to distribute it in the OSU or the switch section at another place.

  Next, as an example, the operation and the like will be illustrated on the premise of an OLT of a PON that complies with the ITU-T recommendation such as a TWDM (Time and Wavelength Division Multiplex) -PON system. Although the TWDM-PON is used here, the PON may be a PON other than the TWDM-PON compliant with the ITU-T recommendation. For example, the PON may be a GE (Gigabit Ethernet (registered trademark))-PON, an IEEE standard-compliant PON such as 10GE-PON, or the like. The TC (Transmission Convergence) layer and the PMD (Physical Medium Dependent) layer are similar if they are read as corresponding layers in the standard.

  The communication device has a component of hardware or software or a combination thereof, or a function as a component. For example, an application (for example, a FASA application) that is a software component realized by using a general-purpose input / output interface (for example, a FASA application API) that has different functions for each service or for each telecommunications carrier, and a general-purpose application for the application. And a basic component of an access network device (for example, a FASA platform) that provides a function that does not need to be changed in response to a service or a request because the input / output interface is standardized and standardized. It may have been done. The details will be described below.

(Means 1-1, connection with outside)
As shown in FIG. 1, the communication device is a device independent from the outside of the device for the components forming the device, or from the components forming the device to the outside of the device, as an independent device or a component inside the device itself and the information ( Control information, performance information, alarm information, main signal, etc.) are provided for the passage.
Here, the term “independent device or a component inside the device itself” means designating the component from outside the device and transmitting / receiving control information, performance information, main signals, and the like.
For example, when the information is control information, it means that the component is controlled from the outside of the device, controls the outside of the device, or a combination thereof. The route may be a route commonly used for a plurality of relevant parts, as shown in the figure above the means 1-1, or a specific part may be used as shown in the figure below the means 1-1. The route may be used alone or a combination thereof. Further, there may be a plurality of proxy units or routes for each type of communication such as control signals, performance information, alarm information, main signals, and the like. In FIG. 1, double lines mean information paths, and arrows mean information exchange. When the route is shared, there is an effect that the number of routes is reduced, and when the route is used alone, there is an effect that the component can be identified by the route, and a delay and a band shortage due to competition of transfer between the shared components are reduced. The above also applies to the configuration described later.

  Further, the path may be connected to an independent device or a component that does not exchange information as a component inside the device itself. In that case, it is desirable that the paths or parts or parts between them block the exchange of information relating to those parts. For example, a communication device is a component that constitutes the device, and is controlled outside the device / provides a component that controls the outside of the device with a path inside the device that exchanges control information with the outside of the device. The parts are provided with means for exchanging the control information. Specifically, in the means 1-1, the communication device is controlled outside the device, for example, by using the information of the signal of the signal line used for controlling the device, for example, the signal of the common signal line as it is or at least a component constituting the device. A path is provided for communicating information including information on components that control the outside of the device to inside and outside of the device. It should be noted that although FIG. 1 shows the paths for exchanging information other than the devices other than the corresponding parts, they may be omitted. The above also applies to the configuration described later.

(Means 1-2, external connection)
This is a modification of the means 1-1, in which the communication device includes a proxy unit, and information for a component that exchanges information with or from the outside of the device passes through the proxy unit. It is desirable that the proxy unit transmits information about a component that transmits / receives information to / from the outside of the device or blocks information about other components from / to the outside of the device. Further, the proxy unit may proxy the ACK or the like, which is a confirmation of the transfer of information, on behalf of the relevant part. In this case, the processing of the part is simplified. In addition, the proxy unit determines the signal transmission format inside and outside the device, for example, the frame format, the presence / absence of a trailer, the presence / absence of FEC (Forward Error Correction), the presence / absence of encryption, and the like in the device internal device and the device external It may be an external format.
For example, the communication device is a component or a functional component that constitutes the device, and is provided with a means for acting as a substitute for exchanging control information with the outside of the device for a component controlled / externally controlled by the outside of the device. Pass control information for / from the part. Specifically, in the means 1-2, the communication device communicates, for example, information of a component which is at least acted on behalf of signal information of a signal line used for controlling the device, for example, signal of a common signal line, inside and outside the device through an acting unit. It has a route to do.
Also, in the figure, the proxy unit is shown as being shared by parts, but a separate proxy unit may be used for one or more parts, and control signals, performance information, alarm information, main signals, etc. may be exchanged. There may be a plurality of proxy units or routes for each type.

(Means 2-1, identification of control / non-control target with the outside)
It is a modification of the means 1-1, and includes the outside of the device and the device such as an identifier and a route (corresponding to the lower side of the configuration of the device 1-1 in FIG. 1) that can identify a part that exchanges information with the outside of the device and the combination thereof. The identification information unique in the network is added to the means 1-1.
For example, a communication device is a component that constitutes the device, and is uniquely identified by a component that is controlled / externally controlled by the device, such as an identifier or a path or a combination thereof, outside the device or within a network including the device. Information is added and the component is uniquely controlled by the identification information. Alternatively, there is provided a means for acting as a substitute for the exchange of control information, and the means for acting as a substitute passes the control information to the relevant part. The identification information may be added to the device itself or outside the device such as the NE controller.
Specifically, in the means 2-1, the communication device uses outside the device by performing an operation such as adding, adding or multiplying a rack number or a MAC address related to the housing with a child number or the like indicating a component inside the housing. It is used as a unique global number or the like as unique identification information outside the device or within the network including the device. When the route for each component is used, an operation such as adding, adding or multiplying a value relating to the route to a rack number or a MAC address related to the housing is performed and used as identification information such as a global number used outside the device.

  The identification information may be effectively unique. For example, since it is only necessary to uniquely identify the target component from outside the device or in the network including the device, a plurality of components correspond to a single piece of identification information, and a setting is made such that information other than the target component does not exchange information. It will be effectively unique. Such a setting can be used by exchanging it with another component without changing the setting outside the apparatus as long as the components having the functions of the same system are mutually exclusive. When the components are identified by the route, the fact that the plurality of components are a single piece of identification information corresponds to a state where the plurality of components are shared on the same route. The above also applies to the configuration described later.

Such a communication device is, for example, the OSU shown in FIG. CTs (Channel Terminations) for each wavelength (λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4) in the OSU are connected to different SWs as independent components. In other words, the CTs in the real OSU conduct signals as parts of different virtual OSUs, and the virtual OSU and SW are connected. With such a configuration, if the CT cannot be uniquely controlled from outside the OSU, it is difficult to control each PON, but in the present application, the control is easy because the unique control is possible.
It should be noted that in the drawing, the paths for exchanging information other than the devices other than the corresponding parts are shown, but they may be omitted.

(Means 2-2, identification of control / non-control target with the outside)
It is a modification of the means 1-2, and is identification information unique to the outside of the device such as an identifier and a path (corresponding to the lower side of the configuration of the device 1-2 in FIG. 1) that can identify a part that exchanges information with the outside of the device, and a combination thereof. Was added to Means 1-2. The identification information may be provided by the providing unit that provides the identification information, or if the identification information provided by the providing unit is unique outside the device including the component, the providing unit itself and the inside of the device other than the providing unit. It may be a value determined by any external device such as a controller.
In addition to or in addition to the processing of the means 1-2, the proxy unit may provide the identification information of the destination / sender component of the information transmitted / received by the component transmitting / receiving information to other devices outside the device. A device that constitutes another device and communicates with an external device as an independent device or a component inside the device itself is at least outside the device accommodating the component, by converting an identifier, selecting a route, or a combination thereof. The identification information is unique outside or in the network including the device.

  The communication device is a device independent from the outside of the device or from a component outside the device to the outside of the device, as an independent device or a part inside the device itself (control information, performance information, main information). It is equipped with a route for transmitting and receiving signals and the like. For example, when the information is control information, the communication device is a component that constitutes the device and is controlled by the device outside / to the component controlling the device outside the device such as an identifier or a path or a combination thereof outside the device. Unique identification information is given within the network including the device, the identifier of the part is converted inside and outside the device, a unique identifier is given at least inside the device inside the device, and outside the device or within the network including the device. A means is provided for converting the identifier of the component inside and outside the device so as to obtain unique identification information.

Specifically, in the means 2-2, the communication device performs, for example, an operation such as adding, adding, or multiplying a rack number or a MAC address related to the housing with a child number or the like indicating a component in the housing, or inside or outside the device. It is used outside the device by performing operations such as adding, adding or multiplying the value related to the route to the identification information unique to the outside of the device such as the global number used in or in the network including the device or the rack number or MAC address related to the chassis. Unique identification information such as a global number outside the device or in a network including the device is used as a child number of a component inside the housing, at any place, for example, inside the housing or a controller such as NeOpS or other network means. Transfer.
In the means 2-2, the communication device controls, for example, a predetermined number or all devices outside the housing with respect to a global number including a rack number related to the housing and a child number in the housing such as a MAC address. The identification information that the component itself responds to is changed.

(Embodiment 1-1)
In Embodiment 1-1, the configuration of a communication device that constitutes a communication system used for TWDM-PON will be described. Hereinafter, first to sixth examples will be described as examples of the architecture of the communication device. The architecture of the communication device that constitutes the communication system may be an architecture other than the first to sixth examples described below. For example, the software unit of the communication device in the first to sixth examples of the architecture may be a hardware unit.

(First example of architecture)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a first example of the architecture of the communication device. In the first example of the architecture, the communication device has a device-dependent unit 110 that depends on a compliant standard or a manufacturing vendor, a middleware 120 that hides a difference in hardware or software of the device-dependent unit 110, and an operation that does not depend on the device. A general device-independent application 130 is provided. Therefore, the device-dependent unit (vendor-dependent unit) 110 is a functional unit that depends on the standard with which the device of the communication device complies, and the manufacturer of the device. In other words, the device dependence unit 110 has low compatibility with other communication devices and cannot be used as it is for newly manufactured communication devices (particularly, devices that conform to different standards or manufacturing vendors). The device dependent unit 110 executes one or more functions provided in the network device.

Further, the device-independent application 130 is a functional unit that does not depend on the standard to which the device of the communication device conforms or the manufacturer of the device. In other words, the device-independent application 130 has great compatibility with other communication devices, and can be used as it is for a newly manufactured communication device (particularly, a device with a different standard or manufacturing vendor). Specific examples of the application provided in the device-independent application 130 include an application that performs setting processing in a network device, an application that performs setting change processing, and an application that performs algorithm processing.
The middleware 120 and the device-independent application 130 are connected via the device-independent API 21. The device-independent API 21 is an input / output IF that does not depend on the device.

  The device-dependent unit 110 includes, for example, a hardware unit (PHY) 111, a hardware unit (MAC) 112, a software unit 113, and an OAM (Operation Administration and Maintenance) unit 114. The hardware unit (PHY) 111, the hardware unit (MAC) 112, the software unit 113, the OAM unit 114, and the middleware 120 are connected via the device-dependent API 23. The device-dependent API 23 is an input / output IF that depends on the device. The device dependent unit 110 further includes an NE (NE, Network Element) management / control unit 115. The NE management / control unit 115 and the middleware 120 are connected via a device-dependent API 25.

  What kind of function should be used as the device-dependent unit 110 or the device-independent application 130 depends on a limitation derived from the processing for realizing the middleware 120 or the device-independent application 130, for example, a limitation derived from the processing capability of software. In addition, it may be determined according to the function update frequency, the importance of the extended function, or the like. As a result, the communication device can easily and flexibly add the extended function unit (unique function unit) by the device-independent application 130, and can provide the communication service in a timely manner.

  For example, the device-dependent unit 110 or the device-independent part is prioritized by giving priority to a function having a high update frequency such as a DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment) for improving the priority processing of the main signal or improving the use efficiency of the line, or a function contributing to communication service differentiation. You may decide to make it the application 130. Furthermore, the device-independent application 130 may be used because there is a small difference in at least one of the standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor with which the device to be shared complies.

  Any of the following standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendors, even if it is not optimal for at least one of the following standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendors: A common IF for executing a function may be used to generalize the. The common IF may include an IF or parameter that is not used by any of the standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor that the device-dependent unit 110 complies with.

  The middleware 120 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 described later, the driver of the device dependent unit 110 shown in FIG. 5 described later and FIG. 6 described later, and the device dependent application unit shown in FIG. 4 described later and FIG. 6 described later (vendor dependent) And / or an application unit), and further includes a conversion function unit that converts IFs and parameters so as to correspond to the device-dependent unit 110, and a function unit that automatically sets IFs and parameters that are insufficient. Good.

  The hardware unit (PHY) 111 included in the device-dependent unit 110 illustrated in FIG. 3 executes processes from the physical layer to optical transmission / reception-related processing (PHY physical subscriber processing). The hardware unit (MAC) 112 executes a MAC (Media Access Control) process. The hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 depend on the standards and manufacturing vendors to which they conform. The software unit 113 executes device-dependent drivers, firmware, applications, and the like.

  The hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 of the device dependent unit 110 may include a general-purpose server, a layer 2 switch, or the like in addition to these components. The device-dependent unit 110 may not include the hardware unit (MAC) 112. The device dependence unit 110 may not include a part of the hardware unit (PHY) 111. For example, the device-dependent unit 110 does not include low-level signal processing such as modulation / demodulation signal processing, forward error correction (FEC, Forward Error Correction), code decoding processing, and encryption processing, and may include only optical-related functions. Good. The device-dependent unit 110 does not have to include a PCS (Physical Coding Subscriber) that is a part that encodes data. The device-dependent unit 110 does not have to include a PMA (Physical Medium Attachment) for serializing data and a PCS. The device-dependent unit 110 may not include the PMD connected to the physical medium. When the middleware 120 directly drives, controls, operates or manages the hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 of the device dependent unit 110 without the software unit, the device dependent unit 110 is a software unit. Does not have to be provided.

  The device-independent application 130 includes, for example, an extended function unit (in FIG. 3, extended function A131-1, extended function B131-2, and extended function C131-3) 131, a basic function unit 132, and a management / control agent unit 133. With. The management / control agent unit 133 acquires data from an EMS (Element Management System) 140. In the figure, the EMS 140 and the external device 150 are connected to the device-independent app 130 via the middleware 120, but the EMS 140 and the external device 150 are not necessarily connected to the device-independent app 130 via the middleware 120. There is no. The EMS 140 and the external device 150 may be appropriately connected to the middleware 120 as necessary, or may be directly connected to the device-independent application 130. Further, the expression “connect via middleware 120” is used, but this expression is an expression from the viewpoint of the device-independent application 130. In reality, the function-independent applications are connected via the middleware 120 after the connection by hardware.

  In the following, items common to the extended function unit will be referred to as "extended function unit" by omitting part of the reference numerals. The EMS 140 is, for example, a NE controller. The device-independent application 130 may not include any one of the extended function unit, the basic function unit 132, and the management / control agent unit 133, and the management / control agent unit 133 may be included in the basic function unit 132. The management / control agent unit 133 may be included in the basic function unit 132 or the middleware 120.

  The device-independent application 130 may further include components other than the extended function unit, the basic function unit 132, and the management / control agent unit 133. For example, when the extended function unit is unnecessary, the device-independent application 130 may not include the extended function unit. Further, the device-independent application 130 may include one or more extended function units.

  It is preferable that the extended function unit can be independently added, deleted, replaced or changed without unnecessarily affecting other functions. For example, the extended function unit may be appropriately added, deleted, replaced, or changed in accordance with a service request, for example, when an extended function unit for executing a multicast service or power saving is required.

  The basic function unit 132 may be included in the device-independent application 130 as a part of the extended function unit, or may be replaced by a function unit lower than the middleware 120. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit 132, the device-independent application 130 may not include the basic function unit 132. When a functional unit lower than the middleware 120 substitutes the basic functional unit 132, the device-independent application 130 does not need to include the basic functional unit 132. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit 132 and the function unit lower than the middleware 120 replaces the basic function unit 132, the device-independent application 130 may not include the basic function unit 132.

  The management / control agent unit 133 does not have to perform input / output with the EMS 140 when automatically setting according to a predetermined setting without receiving communication from the EMS 140. Further, when the management / control agent unit 133 does not have the management setting function and the other device-independent application 130, the basic function unit 132, or the device-dependent unit 110 has the management setting function, the device-independent application 130 manages The control agent unit 133 may not be provided.

  The EMS 140 and the device-independent application 130 may directly input / output information. Further, the device-dependent unit 110 may be replaced by the NE management / control unit 115 and a device-dependent application unit (see FIG. 4 described later and FIG. 6 described later) that is a subordinate functional unit of the NE management / control unit 115. .

  The management / control agent unit 133 does not need to input / output information to / from the EMS 140 when automatically setting according to a predetermined setting. Further, when the management / control agent unit 133 does not include the management / setting function and the other device-independent application 130, the basic function unit 132, or the device-dependent unit 110 includes the management / setting function, the device-independent application 130 manages / controls. The agent unit 133 may not be provided. The EMS 140 and the device-independent application 130 may directly input / output information.

An example of input / output between the device-independent application 130 and the device-dependent unit 110 is as follows.
For example, the DBA application unit and the protection application unit mutually input / output information with the embedded OAM engine of the TC layer. A DWBA (Dynamic Wavelength and Bandwidth Assignment) application and an ONU registration authentication application unit input / output information to / from a PLOAM engine of a TC layer. The power-saving application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the OMCI and L2 main signal processing function unit (L2 function unit). The MLD (Multicast Listener Discover) proxy application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the L2 function unit. The low speed monitoring application (OMCI) inputs and outputs information to and from the OMCI. The OMCI and L2 functional units operate an XGEM framer (XGPON Encapsulation Method Framer) and encryption. Here, the DWBA and the DBA may be separate, integrated or combined. For example, the management / control agent unit 133 is an application unit of a maintenance operation function, and inputs / outputs information from / to the EMS 140, which is an NE controller or the like for the NE management / control unit 115.

  The device-independent application 130 is a device vendor, a method, a device type, a device generation, for example, ITU-TG. 989 series compliant TWDM-PON and ITU-TG. 987 series-compliant XG-PON and ITU-T G.PON. 984-series G-PON and ITU-T G.PON. It is an application that operates independently of any B (Broadband) PON that complies with the 983 series. The device-independent application 130 is a device vendor, a method, a device type, a device generation, for example, a difference between 10GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3av or IEEE1904.1 and GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3ah. It is an application that works regardless of at least one.

As an application of the extended function part, only an application for driving functions provided for some vendors, methods, types, and generations via the device-independent API 21 and devices for some vendors, methods, types, and generations It may include an application that drives a function provided.
The management / control agent unit 133 inputs and outputs with the EMS 140 and the middleware 120. The middleware 120 inputs / outputs NE management information and control information to / from the NE management / control unit 115. The NE management / control unit 115 may directly transmit / receive the NE management information and control information to / from the EMS 140 without using the middleware 120, or may transmit / receive the NE management information and control information via the management / control agent unit 133. You may.

  The middleware 120 inputs / outputs information via the device-independent application 130 and the device-independent API 21. The middleware 120 inputs / outputs information to / from the OAM unit 114, the driver, the firmware, the hardware unit or the hardware unit of the device-dependent unit 110 via the device-dependent API 23. The middleware 120 outputs the input information as it is or in a predetermined format. For example, the middleware 120 converts information into the input format of each part of the device-independent API 21 when the output destination is each part of the device-independent application 130. If the output destination is the OAM unit 114, the driver, the firmware, the hardware unit, or the hardware unit of the device-dependent unit 110, the middleware 120 converts them to the device-dependent API 23 format that is input to each, or terminates. Then, after performing a predetermined process, the information is transmitted to the output destination.

  At the time of input, the middleware 120 deletes unnecessary input information at each input destination, and if there is insufficient information, it is desirable to collect and supplement via other device-independent API 21 or device-dependent API 23. . Further, when inputting to the middleware 120, it may be broadcast or multicast to broadcast to related applications.

  Although the middleware 120 and the device-dependent unit 110 are illustrated as a single unit in FIG. 3, each of them may be composed of a plurality of units. When the hardware of the device dependent unit 110 includes a plurality of processors, the middleware 120 may input / output by using inter-processor communication or the like across the processors and the hardware. The device-independent applications 130 and the device-independent applications 130 may be arranged in a user space on a single processor as an execution program such as a DLL (Dynamic Link Library), or may be arranged in a user space on a plurality of processors. It may be placed on top.

  The device-independent application 130 may be arranged in the kernel space after securing an input / output IF such as API, or may be arranged together with the middleware 120 having an IF that can be independently replaced with firmware or the like. Alternatively, it may be incorporated into firmware or the like and recompiled. The user space and the kernel space may be arbitrarily combined for each device-independent application 130.

  The device-independent application 130 corresponding to the same function may be implemented in both the user space and the kernel space. In this case, for example, either one may be switched and selected, both may be processed in cooperation, or only one may be used for actual processing. The same applies to the software of the device-dependent unit 110.

  Desirably, as high-speed processing such as main signal processing, DBA processing and low-layer signal processing is required, there is a trade-off with scalability and immediateness of replacement, but high-speed processing is expected with less overhead. It is desirable to incorporate it in the kernel space or firmware. The processor in which the device-dependent application unit (see FIG. 4 described later and FIG. 6 described later) is also installed in the actual processing from the viewpoint of the influence on other programs due to the limitation of the bus and speed due to the inter-processor communication, the occupation of the communication path, etc. It is desirable to place it in the user space, kernel space, or firmware of the processor that performs the above or a processor in the vicinity thereof. However, in order to reduce the capability of the processor that performs actual processing or the processor in the vicinity thereof, the communication cost by inter-processor communication increases, but it may be processed by a remote processor.

  It is desirable that the device-independent API 21 is provided in advance in the middleware 120 in consideration of the extended function unit to be added, but the device-independent API 23 and other device-independent applications 130 are prevented from being modified and added as needed. Alternatively, it may be deleted.

  In this example, the softened area is the basic function unit 132, the management / control agent unit 133, the extended function unit, and the middleware 120. However, the softened area is a service adaptation (encryption, fragment processing, GEM frame conversion). / XGEM framing, PHY adaptation FEC, scrambling, synchronization block generation / extraction, GTC (GPON Transmission Convergences) framing, PHY framing, SP conversion, and coding method may also be targets. An example and an example of function deployment corresponding to the hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 will be described.The function deployment includes, for example, a software function in a network device or an external server. Same in the example It is like.

(Second example of architecture)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second example of the architecture of the communication device. In FIG. 4, the communication device is configured to further include a device-dependent application unit 160 under the middleware 120 of the communication device illustrated in FIG. The second example of the architecture is the same as the first example of the architecture except that the device-dependent application unit 160 is provided.

  In FIG. 4, the communication device includes a hardware unit (PHY) 111 and a hardware unit (MAC) 112, a hardware unit (PHY) 111, and a hardware unit (PHY) 111 that depend on the standard of the compliant device dependent unit 110 or the device manufacturing vendor. A driver that drives the wear unit (MAC) 112, a software unit that executes firmware, and the like, and at least a part of the hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 of the device dependent unit 110 and the software unit. A device-dependent application unit 160, a middleware 120 that hides the differences among the hardware unit, the hardware unit, the software unit, and the device-dependent application unit 160 of the device-dependent unit 110, and a general device-independent application 130 that does not depend on the device. Prepare

  The middleware 120 and the device-dependent application unit 160 are connected by a device-dependent API 23. The device-dependent application unit 160, the OAM unit 114, the software unit, the hardware unit (PHY) 111, and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 of the device-dependent unit 110 are connected by the device-dependent API 24. The device-dependent application unit 160 and the management / control agent unit 133 are connected by API.

  The device-independent application 130 includes, for example, a management / control agent unit 133 that receives communication from the EMS 140, a basic function unit 132, and an extended function unit. The device-independent application 130 may not include any of the management / control agent unit 133, the basic function unit 132, and the extended function unit, as in the first example of the architecture. The device-independent application 130 may further include functional units other than the management / control agent unit 133, the basic functional unit 132, and the extended functional unit. Further, it is preferable that the extended function unit can be added, deleted, replaced or changed without affecting other functions, as in the first example of the architecture.

The basic function unit 132 may be included as a part of each extended function unit, or may be replaced with a subordinate of the middleware 120. In the case where the extended function unit includes the basic function unit 132, the subordinate of the middleware 120 replaces the basic function unit 132, or a combination thereof, the device-independent application 130 does not need to include the basic function unit 132. Good.
Further, a part of the basic function unit 132 may be replaced with the lower device-dependent application unit 160 of the middleware 120. The management / control agent unit 133 does not need to input / output information to / from the EMS 140 when automatically setting according to a predetermined setting. Further, when the management / control agent unit 133 does not include the management setting function and the other device-independent application 130, the basic function unit 132, or the device-dependent unit 110 includes the management setting function, the device-independent application 130 manages The control agent unit 133 may not be provided.
The EMS 140 and the device-independent application 130 may directly input / output. When the lower layer of the middleware 120 replaces all the basic function units 132, the device-independent application 130 does not have to include the basic function units 132.

  In the communication device shown in FIG. 4, the device-dependent application unit 160 may input / output information via the middleware 120, may directly input / output information from the management / control agent unit 133, or both of them. Information may be input / output to / from any of them, or may be input / output directly to / from the EMS 140. In addition, when the device-dependent application unit 160 is automatically set according to a predetermined setting without receiving communication from the EMS 140 and can acquire management and control information from the EMS 140 via the middleware 120, no device is present. The dependent application 130 may not include the management / control agent unit 133.

The device-independent application 130 inputs / outputs information via the middleware 120 at least with the hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 of the device-dependent unit 110 or with the software unit. The device-independent applications 130 mutually input and output via the middleware 120 as needed. In particular, when the device-independent application 130 executes control or management in accordance with the information input / output with the EMS 140, the device-independent application 130 inputs information with the management / control agent unit 133 that receives communication from the EMS 140. Output.
The NE management / control unit 115 inputs / outputs NE management information and control information to / from the management / control agent unit 133 via the middleware 120. The NE management / control unit 115 may directly input / output NE management information and control information to / from the EMS 140, not via the middleware 120.

The device-dependent application unit 160 inputs / outputs NE management information and control information to / from the management / control agent unit 133. The device-dependent application unit 160 may directly input / output information to / from the EMS 140 without going through the management / control agent unit 133. The management / control agent unit 133 inputs / outputs information to / from the EMS 140, the middleware 120, and the device-dependent application unit 160. The middleware 120 inputs / outputs NE management information and control information to / from the NE management / control unit 115.
The NE management / control unit 115 may directly input / output NE management information and control information to / from the EMS 140, not via the middleware 120. The middleware 120 inputs / outputs information to / from the device-independent application 130 via the device-independent API 21, and the OAM unit 114 of the device-dependent unit 110, the driver, the firmware, the hardware unit (PHY) 111, and the hardware. Information is input to and output from the unit (MAC) 112 via the device-dependent API 23.

  The middleware 120 inputs the data as it is or in a predetermined format, similarly to the middleware 120 shown in FIG. It is desirable that the device-independent API 21 be provided in the middleware 120 in advance, assuming an extended function unit to be added later, but a form that suppresses modification of the device-dependent API 23 and other device-independent applications 130 as necessary. May be added or deleted with.

(Third example of architecture)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a third example of the architecture of the communication device. In FIG. 5, instead of the middleware 120 described in the first example of the architecture illustrated in FIG. 3, the basic function unit 132 includes a hardware unit (PHY) 111, a hardware unit (MAC) 112, and an extended function unit. Input and output. The other device-independent applications 130 are the same as in the first example of the architecture.

  Compared to the first example of the architecture, the third example creates the middleware 120 including the device-dependent API for each device that differs in at least one of the standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor to which it complies. No need. As a result, the communication device of the third example of the architecture has the effect of generalizing and porting more functions between device generations, making it easier to verify connectivity, and making the device functions robust.

  The communication device according to the third example of the architecture includes a device-dependent unit 110 and a device-independent application 130. The device-dependent unit 110 includes a hardware unit (PHY) 111 and a hardware unit (MAC) 112, and a hardware unit (PHY) 111 and a hardware unit (MAC) 112, which depend on a standard or a device manufacturing vendor. And a software unit such as firmware for driving the. The driver and the like hide the difference between the device-dependent units 110.

  The device-independent application 130 includes an extended function unit and a basic function unit 132. The basic function unit 132 is device-dependent by the device-independent API 27 (porting IF) via a driver that hides the difference between the hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit (MAC) 112 and the device-dependent software unit. It connects with the part 110. The device-independent application 130 includes a hardware unit (PHY) 111 and a hardware unit (MAC) 112, and a driver that hides the difference between the device-dependent software unit and the hardware unit (PHY) 111 and the hardware unit. Data is input / output between the (MAC) 112 and a device-dependent software section.

The basic function unit 132 and the extended function unit are connected via a device-independent API 22 (extension IF). The basic function unit 132 and the device-dependent unit 110 are connected via the device-independent API 27. The basic function unit 132 in the device-independent application 130 inputs / outputs information between the hardware unit (PHY) 111, the hardware unit (MAC) 112, and the extended function unit instead of the middleware 120. .
The device-independent applications 130 mutually input and output via the basic function unit 132 as necessary. The extended function unit of the device-independent application 130 inputs / outputs information via the basic function unit 132 and the device-independent API 27. The basic function unit 132 inputs and outputs information via the device-independent application 130 and the device-independent API 27, and the OAM unit 114 of the device-dependent unit 110, the driver, the firmware, the hardware unit (PHY) 111, and the hardware unit ( Information is input and output through the MAC) 112 and the device-independent API 27.

  Similar to the middleware 120 shown in FIG. 3, the basic function unit 132 inputs operation information as it is or in a predetermined format. For example, in the case of another device-independent application 130, the basic function unit 132 converts the input format into the device-independent API format, and uses the device-dependent OAM section 114, driver, firmware, and hardware section. If there is, the operation information is input after converting the input format into the format of the device-independent API, or after terminating and performing a predetermined process. At the time of input, the basic function unit 132 deletes unnecessary input information at each input destination, and if there is insufficient information, collects and supplements via other device-independent API or device-independent API. Is desirable. However, the basic function unit 132 may broadcast or multicast the input to the input destination and broadcast it to the related application or the like.

  The device-independent application 130 includes, for example, an extended function unit and a basic function unit 132. The device-independent application 130 does not have to include either the extended function unit or the basic function unit 132. The device-independent application 130 may further include functional units other than the extended functional unit and the basic functional unit 132. For example, when the extended function unit is unnecessary, the device-independent application 130 does not have to include the extended function unit.

It is preferable that the extended function unit can be independently added or deleted without affecting other functions. For example, in accordance with a service request, for example, when a multicast service, power saving support is used as an extended function unit, when the extended function unit is needed, it is appropriately added, and when it is not needed, it is appropriately deleted, It may be replaced or changed according to the change.
It is desirable that the device-independent API 22 is provided in advance in the basic function unit 132, assuming an extended function unit to be added later, but if necessary, the device-independent API 22, the device-independent API 27, and other device-independent APIs. You may add or delete in the form which suppresses the modification of the application 130.

(Fourth example of architecture)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fourth example of the architecture of the communication device. The difference between the fourth example of the architecture and the third example of the architecture is that the communication device includes a device-dependent application unit 160 under the basic function unit 132. As described above, the communication device of the fourth example of the architecture has the effect of simplifying the configuration of the basic function unit 132 by including the device-dependent application unit 160.

The communication device illustrated in FIG. 6 includes a device-dependent unit 110 and a device-independent application 130. The device-dependent unit 110 includes a hardware unit (PHY) 111 and a hardware unit (MAC) 112 that are dependent on a standard or a device manufacturing vendor, and a hardware unit (PHY) 111 and a hardware unit (MAC) 112. It has a software unit such as a driver and firmware to be driven, and a device-dependent application unit 160 that drives at least a part of the device-dependent unit 110. The device-independent application 130 uses the porting IF, the hardware unit (PHY) 111, the hardware unit (MAC) 112, and a driver that hides the difference between the device-dependent software and the porting IF and the device-dependent application unit. A general device-independent application 130 that executes a device-independent process via 160. The basic function unit 132 in the device-independent application 130 and the device-dependent application unit 160 in the device-dependent unit 110 are connected via the device-independent API 27. The device-dependent application unit 160 and the device-dependent unit 110 are connected via the device-dependent API 24.
In the basic function unit 132 in the device-independent application 130, the basic function unit 132, instead of the middleware 120, inputs and outputs with hardware and an extended function unit. The basic function unit 132 may include a management / control agent unit 133 corresponding to the communication from the EMS 140, or may include a management / control agent unit 133 as an extended function unit.

The basic function unit 132 inputs / outputs via the device-independent application 130 and the device-independent API 22 (expansion IF), and the OAM unit 114 of the device-dependent unit 110, the driver, the firmware, the hardware unit (PHY) 111, and the hardware. Input / output is performed via the device-dependent API 24 and the driver of the device-dependent unit 110 that hides the difference between the wear unit (MAC) 112, the device-independent API 27 (IF for porting), and the device-dependent unit 110.
Similar to the middleware 120 shown in FIG. 3, the basic function unit 132 inputs as it is or in a predetermined format. Similar to the third example of the architecture, the basic function unit 132 may include the management / control agent unit 133 corresponding to the communication from the EMS 140, and the management / control agent unit 133 is provided as an extended function unit. May be.

The device-independent application 130 includes, for example, an extended function unit and a basic function unit 132. The device-independent application 130 may not include any of the extended function unit and the basic function unit 132, as in the third example of the architecture. The device-independent application 130 may further include functional units other than the extended functional unit and the basic functional unit 132, as in the third example of the architecture.
As in the third example of the architecture, it is preferable that the extended function unit can be added, deleted, replaced or changed independently of each other without affecting other functions. A part of the basic function unit 132 may be replaced by the device-dependent application unit 160. The device-dependent application unit 160 directly inputs / outputs information from / to the basic function unit 132. However, even if the device-dependent application unit 160 directly inputs / outputs information from / to the EMS 140 without passing through the basic function unit 132, the information may be input / output. Good.

  The device-independent API 22, like the first example of the architecture shown in FIG. 3, is preferably provided in the basic function unit 132 in advance assuming an extended function unit to be added later, but the device-independent API 22 and the device-independent API 22 are not provided. The dependent API 27, the other device-independent application 130, the device-dependent application unit 160, or the device-dependent API 24 may be added or deleted as necessary in a form that suppresses modification.

(Fifth example of architecture)
The upper right diagram of FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a fifth example of the architecture. The lower right diagram in FIG. 7 corresponds to the first to fourth examples of architecture. In this example, the communication device includes existing / commercial item hardware and external hardware. For example, existing / commercial hardware is a non-general-purpose device-dependent part that depends on the device, and middleware that hides the difference between the hardware and software on the external hardware and the general-purpose device that does not depend on the device It has a dependent application. Therefore, the device-dependent part (vendor-dependent part) below the middleware in the figure is a functional part that depends on the standard to which the device of the communication device conforms and the manufacturer of the device. Further, the device-independent application 130 is a functional unit that does not depend on the standard to which the device of the communication device conforms or the manufacturer of the device.

  The middleware and the device-independent application are connected via a device-independent API, which is an input / output IF that does not depend on the device. For example, the device dependent part, such as the software part, the OAM, the hardware part (PHY) and the hardware part (MAC), and the middleware on the external hardware are the device dependent API and the existing device dependent API. / Connected via the device-to-device connection between the market hardware and the external hardware.

  In this architecture, it is possible to easily and flexibly add an extended function part (unique function part) by a device-independent application, and to provide communication services in a timely manner. Here, the device-dependent unit may be the maintenance operation, access control, physical layer processing, or optical module shown in FIG. 7, and depends on the configuration of the device itself.

  For example, it is decided to prioritize a function that frequently updates main functions such as priority processing of a main signal or a DBA that improves the efficiency of use of a line or a function that contributes to communication service differentiation, and make a device-dependent part or a device-independent app. May be. Furthermore, a device-independent application may be used because there is a small difference in at least one of the standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor with which the device to be shared complies.

  Any of the following standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendors, even if it is not optimal for at least one of the following standards, generations, methods, systems, device types, or manufacturing vendors: A common IF for executing a function may be used to generalize the. The common IF may include IFs and parameters that are not used by any of the standard, generation, method, system, device type, and manufacturing vendor to which the device-dependent part conforms.

At least one of the middleware, the device-dependent part driver, and the device-dependent application part (vendor-dependent application part) has a conversion function part for converting IFs and parameters to correspond to the device-dependent part, and a lacking IF. It may further include a functional unit that automatically sets parameters corresponding to parameters, etc.
The device dependent unit includes a hardware unit and a software unit. The software unit executes device-dependent drivers, firmware, applications, and the like.
The device-dependent unit may not include a PMD connected to a physical medium, a MAC, a PMA that serializes data, and a part of PCS or PHY that is a part that encodes data. For example, only optical-related functions may be provided without providing low-level signal processing such as modulation / demodulation signal processing, forward error correction (FEC), code decoding processing, and encryption processing.

  The device-independent application is, for example, a management / control agent unit that acquires data from the EMS, an extended function unit, and a basic function unit. In the following, items common to the extended function unit will be referred to as "extended function unit" by omitting part of the reference numerals. The EMS is, for example, a controller that controls network elements. The device-independent application may not include any of the management / control agent unit, the extended function unit, and the basic function unit.

The device-independent application may further include components other than the management / control agent unit, the extended function unit, and the basic function unit. For example, when the extended function unit is unnecessary, the device-independent application may not include the extended function unit. In addition, the device-independent application may include one or more extended function units.
It is preferable that the extended function unit can be independently added, deleted, replaced or changed without unnecessarily affecting other functions. For example, the extended function unit may be appropriately added, deleted, replaced, or changed in accordance with a service request, for example, when an extended function unit for executing a multicast service or power saving is required.

  The basic function unit may be included in the device-independent application as a part of the extended function unit, or may be replaced by a function unit lower than the middleware. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit, the device-independent application may not include the basic function unit. When the functional unit lower than the middleware substitutes the basic functional unit, the device-independent application may not include the basic functional unit. When the extended function unit includes the basic function unit and the functional unit lower than the middleware replaces the basic function unit, the device-independent application may not include the basic function unit.

  The management / control agent unit does not have to perform input / output with the EMS when automatically setting according to a predetermined setting without receiving communication from the EMS. Further, when the management / control agent unit does not have the management setting function and other device-independent applications, basic function units, and device-dependent units have the management setting function, the device-independent application has the management / control agent unit. You don't have to.

The EMS and the device-independent application may directly input / output information. The device-dependent unit may not include the NE management / control unit and the IF of the NE management / control unit.
The basic function unit may be included in the device-independent application as a part of the extended function unit, or may be replaced by a lower function unit of the middleware. The device-independent application does not need to include the basic function unit when the extended function unit includes the basic function unit, when the lower-level function unit of the middleware replaces the basic function unit, or when they are a combination thereof. Further, a part of the basic function unit may be replaced by the device-dependent application unit of the lower function unit of the middleware.

  The management / control agent unit does not need to input / output information to / from the EMS when the management / control agent unit is automatically set according to a predetermined setting. Furthermore, if the management / control agent unit does not have the management / setting function and other device-independent applications, basic function units, or device-dependent units have the management / setting function, the device-independent application does not have the management / control agent unit. May be. The EMS and the device-independent application may directly input / output information.

  An example of input / output between the device-independent application and the device-dependent part is as follows. For example, the DBA application unit and the protection application unit mutually input / output information with the embedded OAM engine of the TC layer. The DWBA application and the ONU registration / authentication application unit mutually input / output information with the PLOAM engine of the TC layer. The power-saving application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the OMCI and L2 main signal processing function unit (L2 function unit). The MLD proxy application unit inputs and outputs information to and from the L2 function unit. The low speed monitoring application (OMCI) inputs and outputs information to and from the OMCI. The OMCI and L2 functions operate the XGEM framer and encryption. Here, the DWBA and the DBA may be separate, integrated or combined. For example, the management / control agent unit is an application unit of a maintenance operation function, and inputs / outputs information to / from an EMS that is an NE controller or the like for the NE management / control unit.

  The device-independent application is a device vendor, a method, a device type, a device generation, for example, ITU-TG. 989 series compliant TWDM-PON and ITU-TG. 987 series-compliant XG-PON and ITU-T G.PON. 984-series G-PON and ITU-T G.PON. It is an application that operates independently of any BPON that complies with the 983 series. The device-independent application includes at least a difference between a device vendor, a method, a device type, and a device generation, such as 10GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3av or IEEE1904.1 and GE-PON conforming to IEEE802.3ah. It is an application that works regardless of which one.

As an application of the extended function unit, only an application for driving functions provided for some vendors, methods, types, and generations via a device-independent API, and only devices for some vendors, methods, types, and generations It may include an application that drives a function provided.
The management / control agent unit inputs and outputs with the EMS and the middleware. The middleware inputs / outputs NE management information and control information with the NE management / control unit. The NE management / control unit may directly send / receive NE management information and control information to / from the EMS without using middleware, or may send / receive NE management information and control information via the management / control agent unit. Good.

  The middleware inputs and outputs information via a device-independent application and a device-independent API. The middleware inputs / outputs information to / from the OAM unit of the device-dependent unit, the driver, the firmware, the hardware unit, or the hardware unit via the device-dependent API. The middleware outputs the input information as it is or in a predetermined format. For example, the middleware converts information into the input format of each part of the device-independent API when the output destination is each part of the device-independent application. If the output destination is the OAM part, the driver, the firmware, the hardware part, or the hardware part of the device-dependent part, the middleware converts them into the device-dependent API format of the input format, or terminates them to a predetermined value. Then, the information is transmitted to the output destination after the processing of.

It is preferable that the middleware delete unnecessary input information at each input destination at the time of input and collect and supplement any missing information via other device-independent API or device-dependent API. Further, when inputting to the middleware, it may be broadcast or multicast to broadcast to related applications.
Although the middleware and the device-dependent unit are illustrated as a single example, each may be configured by a plurality. When the hardware of the device-dependent unit includes a plurality of processors, the middleware may input / output by using inter-processor communication or the like across the processors and the hardware. Device-independent applications and device-independent applications may be arranged in a user space on a single processor or in a user space on a plurality of processors as an execution program such as a DLL. .

Further, the device-independent application may be arranged in the kernel space after securing an input / output IF such as an API, may be arranged together with middleware having an IF that can be independently replaced with firmware, or may be arranged with firmware. Etc. may be incorporated and recompiled. The user space and the kernel space may be arbitrarily combined for each device-independent application.
Device-independent applications corresponding to the same function may be implemented in both user space and kernel space. In this case, for example, either one may be switched and selected, both may be processed in cooperation, or only one may be used for actual processing. The same applies to the software of the device-dependent part.

  Desirably, as high-speed processing such as main signal processing, DBA processing and low-layer signal processing is required, there is a trade-off with scalability and immediateness of replacement, but high-speed processing is expected with less overhead. It is desirable to incorporate it in the kernel space or firmware. The processor that arranges the device-dependent application is also limited to the user space of the processor that performs actual processing or the processor in the vicinity thereof from the viewpoint of the effect on other programs due to the limitation of the bus and speed due to inter-processor communication and the occupation of the communication path. It is desirable to place it in the kernel space or firmware. However, in order to reduce the capability of the processor that performs actual processing or the processor in the vicinity thereof, the communication cost by inter-processor communication increases, but it may be processed by a remote processor.

  It is desirable that the device-independent API be provided in the middleware in advance assuming an extension function unit to be added, but it is added or deleted as necessary in a manner that suppresses modification of the device-dependent API and other device-independent applications. May be done.

(Sixth example of architecture)
A sixth example of the architecture is a hardware part (PHY) and a hardware part (MAC) depending on a standard or a device manufacturing vendor as a device-dependent part, and a hardware part (PHY) and a hardware part (MAC). A software unit such as a driver / firmware that drives a device-dependent application and a device-dependent application unit that drives at least a part of the device-dependent unit.

  The device-dependent application unit and the device-dependent unit are connected via a device-dependent API. The device-dependent application unit may include a management / control agent unit equivalent to receive communication from the EMS. The device-dependent API may be added or deleted as necessary in a form that suppresses modification of the device-dependent application unit and the device-dependent API.

  Note that the configurations of the communication devices illustrated in the first to sixth examples of the architecture of the communication device are described on the premise of the OLT of the PON that conforms to the ITU-T recommendation such as the TWDM-PON. Alternatively, it may be either an OLT or ONU of a PON that complies with ITU-T recommendations other than TWDM-PON, or a PON that complies with IEEE standards such as GE-PON and 10GE-PON. The layer or PMD layer is similar if it is read as a corresponding layer.

  Hereinafter, the TWDM-PON is a PON multicast function, a power saving control function, a frequency / time synchronization function, a protection function, a maintenance operation function, an L2 main signal processing function, a PON access control function, and a PON main signal. Description will be made by taking as an example a case where the processing function is mainly included. Hereinafter, the PON multicast function, the power saving control function, the frequency / time synchronization function, the protection function, the maintenance operation function, the L2 main signal processing function, the PON access control function, and the PON main signal processing function, It is called "8 major functions".

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the communication device and the external server 16. The communication system includes a communication device and an external server 16. The communication device includes at least a part of a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14, and a proxy unit 15. The communication device may include the external server 16.
Although FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which the transmission / reception units 11 that transmit / receive (communicate) optical signals of different wavelengths (λA to λN) are connected to the same switch unit 12, the embodiment 1-1 is not limited to this. For example, in addition to the configuration in which the transmitting / receiving unit 11 for transmitting / receiving optical signals of different wavelengths (λA to λN) is connected to the same switch unit 12, the transmitting / receiving unit 11 for transmitting / receiving optical signals of the same wavelength has the same switch. The transmitter / receiver 11 of at least a part of the wavelengths of the transmitter / receivers 11 transmitting / receiving the optical signals of different wavelengths (λA to λN) may be connected to the same switch unit 12. Alternatively, some or all of the transmission / reception units 11 may be transmission / reception units 11 that perform only transmission or reception.

The communication device such as the OLT may include the transmission / reception unit 11 to the control unit 14, and may further include the external server 16 in addition to these. The OSU may be the transmission / reception unit 11, or may additionally include the switch unit 12 (SW) or the switch unit 13 (SW).
The communication system having the communication system configuration (1-1) includes a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14, a proxy unit 15, and an external server 16. (FIG. 8).

When the communication device is an OLT, the OLT may include a transceiver unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), and a control unit 14, or the transceiver unit 11. (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, and the external server 16. The OSU may be composed of the transceiver unit 11 (TRx), the transceiver unit 11 (TRx) and the switch unit 12 (SW), or the transceiver unit 11 (TRx) and the switch. It may be composed of the unit 13 (SW).
A transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) that transmits / receives optical signals of different wavelengths (λA to λN) is connected to the switch unit 12. The transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) performs autonomous control, or is controlled by another component such as the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16. Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16. The transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) uses a predetermined procedure for a part of or all of the traffic of the ODN (Optical Distribution Network) or the switch unit 12 (SW) according to a predetermined procedure, and prioritizes, discards, or destinations the VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network). Etc., at least a part of or a combination of tags, addition, deletion, replacement of tags, or without modification of tags, processing of at least one of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, folding or transmission, or a combination thereof. I do.

  The upstream traffic is not always aggregated. In the configuration of the communication system configuration (1-1), the switch unit 12 (SW) mainly distributes wavelengths, but represents aggregation, distribution, duplication, loopback, transmission, VID (Virtual LAN Identifier), and preferential discard. Tags such as tags may be added or tags may be replaced. In the configuration of the communication system configuration (1-2) described later, the upstream traffic is mainly aggregated, but may be distributed, distributed, duplicated, looped back, transparent, tagged or tagged. Downlink traffic may also be aggregated, distributed, sorted, duplicated, looped back, transparent, tagged or tagged, or at least partly combined. Which one is used is determined according to the service policy. This also applies to the subsequent communication system configurations.

  The switch unit 12 (SW) is connected to the switch unit 13 (SW). The switch unit 12 (SW) performs autonomous control, or is controlled by other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16. Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16. The switch unit 12 (SW) uses, in accordance with a predetermined procedure, at least a part of VLAN, priority, discard priority, destination or the like for a part or all of traffic of the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) or the switch unit 13 (SW), or At least part of the combination, tag combination, tag combination, or combination thereof, by adding, deleting, or replacing tags of the combination, or without changing the tags, aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, folding, transmission, or tag replacement. Perform processing. This also applies to the subsequent communication system configurations.

  The switch unit 12 (SW) is not always controlled. There are cases where at least one of the proxy units 15 is controlled by the transmission / reception unit 11 and cases where control information is transferred from the transmission / reception unit 11 to at least one of the proxy units 15 without being controlled. The transfer source is, for example, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16. Further, the proxy unit 15 may autonomously move from the transmission / reception unit 11. This also applies to the subsequent communication system configurations.

  The switch unit 13 (SW) is connected to the proxy unit 15 directly or via a line collection SW or the like. The concentrator SW aggregates, distributes, distributes, duplicates, folds, or transmits at least a part of traffic from or to a plurality of OLTs. The switch unit 13 (SW) performs autonomous control, or is controlled by another component such as the transmitting / receiving unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16. Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16. The switch unit 13 (SW) uses, in accordance with a predetermined procedure, at least a part of the traffic of the switch unit 12 (SW) or the proxy unit 15 or all of the traffic, VLAN, priority, discard priority, destination, etc., or a combination thereof. At least a part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, folding or transmission, or a combination thereof is performed by adding, deleting, replacing tags, or without changing tags.

  The control unit 14 includes a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a proxy unit 15 or an external server 16 or an external operation system (not shown), a controller (not shown), or an external device. Connected to a device (not shown). The control unit 14 controls other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16, or the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx). , The switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the proxy unit 15, the external server 16, and the like to transfer the instruction.

  The proxy unit 15 shown in FIG. 8 may be installed on the data path from or to the OLT. However, since another device (for example, a concentrating SW that aggregates / distributes traffic to or from a plurality of OLTs) may be interposed between them, the devices are not necessarily directly connected. As a control flow, the proxy unit 15 may be provided in any of the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, and the external server 16.

  The proxy unit 15 is connected to a higher-level device (not shown) directly or via a concentrator SW or the like. The concentrator SW aggregates, distributes, distributes, duplicates, folds, or transmits at least a part of traffic from or to a plurality of OLTs. The proxy unit 15 performs autonomous control, or is controlled by other components such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, or the external server 16. Alternatively, it is controlled by an instruction transferred via another component such as the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14 or the external server 16. The proxy unit 15 uses at least a part of VLAN, priority, discarding priority, destination, etc., or part thereof for a part or all of traffic of the switch unit 13 (SW) or an upper device (not shown) according to a predetermined procedure. At least a part of aggregation, distribution, distribution, duplication, folding or transmission, or a combination thereof is performed by adding, deleting, replacing, or changing tags of the combination.

  The external server 16 is a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a control unit 14, a proxy unit 15, an external operation system (not shown), a controller (not shown), or an external device. Connected to a device (not shown). The external server 16 controls other components such as the transceiver unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, or the proxy unit 15, or the transceiver unit 11 (TRx). , The switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, and other components to transfer the instruction.

  The transceiver unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit 13 (SW), the control unit 14, the proxy unit 15, or the external server 16 is the transceiver unit 11 (TRx), the switch unit 12 (SW), the switch unit. 13 (SW), part of the traffic of other components such as the proxy unit 15 or the external server 16 or all of itself or a copy thereof, and a part of the received traffic, all of the traffic itself, of the received traffic Other constituent elements such as a transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx), a switch unit 12 (SW), a switch unit 13 (SW), a proxy unit 15 or an external server 16 are used to respond to partially rewritten traffic or received traffic. , To an external operating system (not shown), controller (not shown) or external device (not shown) There.

It should be noted that the element may not be included as appropriate, and the exchange with the element that does not include is skipped and exchanged with the subsequent element. The hub bodies may communicate with each other.
In the communication system having the communication system configuration (1-2), a transmitter / receiver 11 (TRx) (λA) for transmitting and receiving an optical signal having the same wavelength instead of the different wavelength is further added to the configuration of the communication system configuration (1-1). .About..lamda.A), the transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) (.lamda.B to .lamda.B), ..., The transmission / reception unit 11 (TRx) (.lamda.N to .lamda.N) are connected to the switch unit 12, respectively. Further, a plurality of transmitting / receiving units 11 of at least some wavelengths among the transmitting / receiving units 11 of different wavelengths may be connected to the switch unit 12. Others are the same.

  In the optical access system according to FIG. 9, ITU-TG. Based on the 989 series. In FIG. 9, the controller and the external device are not included in the OLT, but they are described to exemplify the communication with the FASA application API. The logical model is composed of a FASA application and a FASA platform that provides a FASA application API to the FASA application. The FASA Platform includes middleware for FASA applications. The FASA application API middleware absorbs the difference in the vendor and method of the hardware and software that compose the FASA Platform. The FASA application API set that does not depend on the vendor or method is defined on the middleware for the FASA application API, and the required functions are realized for each service or communication carrier by replacing the FASA application. Communication between FASA Applications and setting management by a controller or the like are performed through the middleware for FASA Application API. It is possible that the middleware for FASA Application API is not used. The FASA application API set is a common API group used by the FASA applications, and the API required for each FASA application is selected from the API set and used.

  The connection relations shown below are examples, and the intervening connection may be a non-intervening connection, only a part of a plurality of connection relations may be connected, or another connection may be performed. . This also applies to other explanations. This also applies to other explanations. The EMS that functions as an NE controller is a setting management system for OLTs such as NE-Ops, and a setting management application (for example, low-speed monitoring application (EMS-IF) and setting / management via an IF conversion application via middleware). App) is located. The IF conversion application corresponds to an SBI application that converts an SBI (South Band Interface) command that is a control IF for a Network Entity such as an OLT from an EMS such as an NE controller. Although it is assumed that the IF conversion application performs IF conversion here, if the low-speed monitoring application (EMS-IF) and the setting / management application include an API that performs IF conversion or does not need to perform IF conversion, the IF conversion application is You don't have to prepare. The low-speed monitoring application (EMS-IF) connected to the L2 (layer 2) function and the setting / management application are connected via middleware to NE control / management that performs EMS, NE management, and the like. The low speed monitoring application (OMCI), the MLD proxy application (multicast application), and the power saving application are each connected to the L2 function via middleware.

  The protection app is connected to PLOAM Engine and Embedded OAM Engine via middleware. The power saving application is connected to OMCI and PLOAM Engine via middleware. The ONU registration authentication application and the DWBA application are connected to the PLOAM Engine via middleware, and the DBA application is connected to the Embedded OAM Engine via middleware. The power saving application may be operated via the middleware among the protection application, the ONU registration authentication application, the DWBA application, and the DBA application. Input from an external device is connected to the DBA application via middleware. Note that these connections are examples, and an input from an external device may be connected to an application other than the DBA application, such as a protection application or a DWBA application. Further, an input from an external device may be IF-converted via an IF conversion application via middleware, or may be connected to a DBA application or the like via a setting / management application via middleware.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the flow of signals / information between the functional units in the communication device. The communication device shown in the figure includes a PON main signal processing function unit 300, a PMD unit 310, a PON access control function unit 320, a maintenance operation function unit 330 (PLOAM processing, OMCI processing), and an L2 main signal processing function unit. 340, a PON multicast function unit 350, a power saving control function unit 360, a frequency / time synchronization function unit 370, and a protection function unit 380.

  The PON main signal processing function unit 300 has a PON main signal processing function. The PON main signal processing function is a function group that processes a main signal transmitted / received to / from the ONU, and includes generation / separation of a PON frame and forward error correction (FEC). The PON access control function unit 320 has a PON access control function. The PON access control function is a control function group for transmitting and receiving the above-mentioned main signal, and includes dynamic bandwidth allocation, ONU registration authentication, and the like.

  The maintenance operation function unit 330 (PLOAM processing, OMCI processing) has a maintenance operation function. The maintenance operation function is a group of functions for smoothly maintaining and operating the service by the access device, such as a function for performing device setting of ONU and OLT (OSU and switch), software update, device and service management, and various types. It includes a function to monitor whether the function is operating normally, a function to actively issue an alarm when an abnormality occurs, and a test function to investigate the range and cause when an abnormality occurs. In addition, the maintenance operation function is connected to a maintenance operation system that manages a large number of access devices, and realizes smooth remote maintenance operation.

  The L2 main signal processing function unit 340 has an L2 main signal processing function. The L2 main signal processing function is a function group that transfers and processes a main signal between the PON side port and the SNI side port, and includes functions such as MAC address learning, VLAN control, priority control, and traffic monitor. The PON multicast function unit 350 has a PON multicast function. The PON multicast function is a group of functions that transfers a multicast stream received from the SNI side to an appropriate user, and includes a function of identifying and allocating the multicast stream, and setting an ONU filter.

  The power saving control function unit 360 has a power saving control function. The power saving control function is a group of functions to reduce the power consumption of ONU and OLT. In addition to the power saving function stipulated by the standardization, the effect on the service is minimized by linking with the traffic monitor. While including the features to get the maximum effect. The frequency / time synchronization function unit 370 has a frequency / time synchronization function. The frequency / time synchronization function is a group of functions for providing accurate frequency synchronization and time synchronization to the devices under the ONU, and the function of subordinately synchronizing its own real-time clock to the host device, and the ONU using the PON frame. Includes a function to notify time information.

  The protection function unit 380 has a protection function. The protection function is a group of functions for switching from the active system to the standby system and taking over when a failure is detected in a configuration in which multiple pieces of hardware are redundant, such as between switches and OSUs, to continue service. It also includes functions such as detection of switching trigger and execution of switching processing. In addition, the protection function provides the function to continue to operate in a degenerate operation without stopping the service completely when a failure is detected or manual switching. The PMD unit 310 has functions other than the eight main functions.

  Even if the PON main signal processing function unit 300 is connected to the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330 (PLOAM processing, OMCI processing), and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. Good. The PON multicast function unit 350 is connected to a group including a PON main signal processing function unit 300, a PMD unit 310, a PON access control function unit 320, a maintenance operation function unit 330, and an L2 main signal processing function unit 340. May be. The power saving control function unit 360 is connected to a group including a PON main signal processing function unit 300, a PMD unit 310, a PON access control function unit 320, a maintenance operation function unit 330, and an L2 main signal processing function unit 340. You may have. The frequency / time synchronization function unit 370 is a group consisting of the PON main signal processing function unit 300, the PMD unit 310, the PON access control function unit 320, the maintenance operation function unit 330, and the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. It may be connected. The protection function unit 380 is connected to a group including a PON main signal processing function unit 300, a PMD unit 310, a PON access control function unit 320, a maintenance operation function unit 330, and an L2 main signal processing function unit 340. May be.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of the PON main signal processing function unit 300. The PON main signal processing function unit 300 includes PHY adaptation, framing, and service adaptation in the processing order of the upstream signal (the processing of the downstream signal is in the reverse direction) as processing constituting the PON main signal processing function. May be. These processes may be composed of basic processes. Basic processing is synchronous block generation / extraction, scramble / descramble, FEC decoding / encoding, frame generation / separation, GEM (G-PON Encapsulation Method) encapsulation, fragment processing, and encryption. .

The PHY adaptation may include synchronization block extraction, descrambling, and FEC decoding in the order of upstream signal processing. PHY adaptation may include FEC encoding, scrambling, and sync block generation in the order of downlink signal processing.
The PON main signal processing function unit 300 may implement the same processing by a combination of basic processing without the processing of PHY adaptation, framing, or service adaptation. The processes of PHY adaptation, framing or service adaptation may be reversed in order. The PHY adaptation may include, for example, FEC processing other than the PHY adaptation.

  In the main function of the PON main signal processing function unit 300, when processing of 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ is performed for each wavelength, 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ, respectively. If the above stream processing processes a plurality of wavelengths, a plurality of wavelengths are required.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the PON access control function unit 320. As processing that configures the PON access control function of the PON access control function unit 320, ONU registration or authentication, DBA, and λ setting switching (DWA) are included. These processes may be composed of basic processes. For example, ONU registration or authentication includes ranging that constitutes initial processing, authentication deletion, registration, start-stop, DBA receives bandwidth request, traffic measurement, history retention, allocation calculation, allocation processing, setting switching calculation, setting switching processing, setting All or some of the switching status grasping, λ setting switching is performed from all or some of bandwidth request reception, traffic measurement, history holding, allocation calculation, allocation processing, setting switching calculation, setting switching processing, setting switching status grasping It may be configured. Equivalent processing may be realized by combining basic processing without providing ONU registration or authentication, DBA, and λ setting switching (DWA). Also, the order may be reversed.

As the main functions of the PON access control function unit 320, ONU high-speed activation, BWMap within the DBA cycle, non-instantaneous interruption λ setting switching, etc. are required as required. As an example of function sharing, for registration or authentication, a time-critical ranging process may be a device-dependent unit, and subsequent authentication or key exchange may be an application. In the DBA / λ setting switching, a simple repetitive process may be used as a device-dependent part, and an application may be reflected in an ideal state.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. MAC processing, VLAN control, path control, band control, priority control, delay control, and Copy are included as processing that constitutes the L2 main signal processing function of the L2 main signal processing function unit 340. These processes are basic processes such as address management, Classifier (classifier, classification unit), Modifier (modifier, change unit), Policyer / Shaper (polish / shaper), Cross Connect (cross connect), Queue (queue), It may be composed of a scheduler (scheduler), copy (copy), and a traffic monitor. Equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing without MAC learning, VLAN control, path control, band control, priority control, delay control, and Copy. Also, the order may be reversed.

  In the main function of the L2 main signal processing function unit 340, when processing 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ for each wavelength, respectively, 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ If the above stream processing processes a plurality of wavelengths, a plurality of wavelengths are required.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a first example of the functional configuration of the maintenance operation function unit 330. As processing for configuring the maintenance / operation function of the maintenance / operation function unit 330, ONU, OSU, OLT, or SW device settings (manual, batch, automatic, operation trigger), setting backup, FW update, device control (reset), redundancy It has a configuration correspondence. These processes may include basic processes such as CLI-IF, device management IF, operation IF, general-purpose Config (config) -IF (NETCONF, SNMP, etc.), and table management. Equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing without providing apparatus setting, setting backup, FW update, apparatus control, and redundant configuration support. Also, the order may be reversed.

  The main function of the maintenance operation function unit 330 is within 100 milliseconds from receiving an instruction to sending an ACK, and within 200 milliseconds from receiving an instruction to sending a reflection completion notification (however, setting backup including data transfer and FW update It is required to comply with regulations such as scale (size / number of users). As an example of function sharing, it is possible to use an application except for Config of hardware, and use an application on the external server 16 in FIG. 8 without having software and setting data in the ONU or OLT. It can also be realized by unifying commands and defining sequences.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a second example of the functional configuration of the maintenance operation function unit 330. As processing that configures the functions of the maintenance and operation function unit 330, device status monitoring (CPU / memory / power supply / switching), traffic monitoring, alarm monitoring (ONU abnormality, OLT abnormality), and test (loopback) are included. These processes may be composed of alarm notification, log recording, L3 packet generation / process, and table management, which are basic processes. For the device status monitoring, traffic monitoring, alarm monitoring, and testing, equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing. Also, the order may be reversed.

  The main function of the maintenance operation function unit 330 is required to comply with a regulation such that the latency is within 100 milliseconds. As an example of function sharing, only the notification / display IF is an application, and items that need to be monitored (CPU load, memory usage, power supply status, power consumption, Ethernet (registered trademark) link status, etc.) are device-dependent parts. It is also possible to perform processing by an application that cuts off the IF, such as reading a notification from the device-dependent unit, sending a notification network (NW), and writing to a file.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a third example of the functional configuration of the maintenance operation function unit 330. As processing for configuring the maintenance / operation function of the maintenance / operation function unit 330, monitoring / control input / output (sleep instruction / response, λ setting switching instruction / response, etc.) that requires high speed is provided. As a means of this processing, a physical layer OAM (PLOAM: Physical Layer OAM) message and a bit indication (Embedded OAM) in a header are used. These processes may be composed of basic processes such as PLOAM process, embedded OAM process, communication with the power saving control function unit 360, communication with the protection function unit 380, and communication with the PON access control function unit 320. For monitoring / control input / output requiring high speed, equivalent processing may be realized by combining basic processing. Also, the order may be reversed. The main function of the maintenance / operation function unit 330 is required to comply with a regulation such as PLOAM processing within 750 microseconds.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the PON multicast function unit 350. The processing for configuring the PON multicast function included in the PON multicast function unit 350 includes identification or distribution of multicast streams, MLD proxy / snooping, ONU filter setting, and inter-wavelength setting transfer. These processes may be composed of basic processes such as L2 identification and distribution, L3 packet processing (preferably having IPv6 Parse), L3 packet generation, table management, and communication with the OMCI function. For identification or distribution of multicast streams, MLD proxy / snooping, ONU filter setting, and wavelength-to-wavelength setting transfer, equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing. Also, the order may be reversed.

In the main function of the PON multicast function unit 350, when processing of 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s / λ for identification / distribution is performed for each wavelength, 10 Gbit / s / λ and 2.5 Gbit / s, respectively. If the stream processing of / λ or more processes a plurality of wavelengths, a plurality of wavelengths are required. Furthermore, in the main function of the PON multicast function unit 350, it is required that the zapping performance (Zapping performance) (JOIN latency) as packet processing conforms to a rule such as within 1.5 seconds on average.
As an example of the function sharing, the processing of identifying and allocating the multicast (MC) stream can be performed by software with a CPU or the like having a high-speed processing ability, but hardware + config is preferable. In addition, the application system and ONU setting for the upstream are processed by the application because the frequency and delay constraints are loose.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of the power saving control function unit 360. As processing that configures the functions of the power saving control function unit 360, a sleep proxy / traffic monitor, ONU wavelength setting, and wavelength-to-wavelength setting transition are included. Even if these processes are composed of basic processes such as L3 packet processing (preferably having IPv6 Parse), L3 packet generation, table management, OSU power saving state diagram (SD: State Diagram), and communication with the OMCI function. Good. For the proxy / traffic monitor for sleep, ONU wavelength setting, and wavelength-to-wavelength setting transition, equivalent processing may be realized by a combination of basic processing. Also, the order may be reversed.
This main function requires that the transmission / reception rise time (receiver / transmitter) be 10 ms / 5 ms and rise time (LC / OSU / OLT) be 100 ms / 1 sec / 10 sec. To be

  As an example of function sharing, a power save (PS) application, or depending on a signal, proxy processing or application processing may be performed. The power saving control state transition management (driver unit) is required to have a speed, but it can be processed by an application. The traffic monitor may be processed by the application only for the config.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the frequency / time synchronization function unit 370. The OLT slave-synchronizes its own real-time clock (RTC) with the host device by using SyncE (Synchronous Ethernet (registered trademark)) (for frequency synchronization) and IEEE 1588v2 (time synchronization). Further, the OMCI is used to notify the ONU of the correspondence between the super frame counter (SFC) of the PON and the absolute time (ToD: Time of Day) information. These processes may be composed of a basic process such as holding a real-time clock. Equivalent processing may be realized by combining basic processing. Also, the order may be reversed.

  With this main function, frequency synchronization accuracy +/− 50 ppb (LTE FDD, TDD), time synchronization accuracy +/− 1 to 1.5 microseconds (LTE TDD, small cell), +/− 1 microsecond (G. 987.3) and other regulations are required. As an example of function sharing, the real-time clock itself is a device-dependent unit, and the time adjustment calculation for the higher-level device can be processed by an application (the device-dependent unit can be used depending on accuracy).

  FIG. 20 is provided with redundancy switching (CT, SW, NNI, CONT, PON (Type A, B, C)) as a process that constitutes the protection function of the protection function unit 380. These processes may include basic processes such as redundant path setting, switching trigger detection, switching notification transmission / reception, and switching processing. Equivalent processing may be realized by combining basic processing. Also, the order may be reversed.

  In this main function, forced switching is required to comply with regulations such as 50 milliseconds or less. As an example of function sharing, processing by an application can be performed except for hardware switching trigger detection and switching processing such as failure detection. When the redundant path is not set in advance and the EMS side is instructed when the switching trigger is detected, it depends on the device.

  It should be noted that the eight main functions may be provided as necessary. For example, only the PON main signal processing function, PON access control function, L2 main signal processing function, and maintenance operation function may be provided, or other functions may be provided. May be. Further, the evaluation of whether or not each function is made into software is an example on the assumption that the processing capability of the OLT assumed in 2018 and the application of the soft switch are not assumed. It may be changed as appropriate, assuming the assumed processing capacity and application of the soft switch. The function may or may not be softened. The internal configuration of each function may be another configuration as long as the same function can be realized.

The algorithms included in the eight main functions are the main softening areas. The function in the software area is the device-independent application 130 on the device-independent API 21. For example, the algorithms in the ONU registration or authentication function, the DWBA function, the setting / management / monitoring control function, and the power saving control function that contribute to the differentiated service are handled as the extended function unit in the device-independent application 130. The MLD proxy application includes a multicast function.
The extension function section is defined as an extension function section according to the importance of updating frequency of the function or realization of original specifications in the application. It is preferable to use middleware other than the basic function unit 132 or the device-independent application 130, device-dependent software, a hardware unit, and a hardware unit that have a low update frequency or a low requirement for implementation of a unique specification. In particular, it is preferable to leave the functions limited by the processing capability of software as the hardware unit and the hardware unit. For example, management that requires high-priority processing of main signals and functions such as DBA that improves the efficiency of use of lines and that contributes to differentiating services frequently, or that is closely related to the operator's business flow and requires unique specifications for each operator. From the control function to the extended function section.

  The information processing unit is not limited to these softening functions, and may have other softening functions. The hardware unit and the hardware unit are not limited to the transmission / reception unit, OSU, switch, control unit, and information processing unit. For example, the information processing unit may be included in the transmission / reception unit, the OSU, the switch, and the control unit. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the NNI (Network-Network Interface) side of the switch may be provided with a proxy unit or an external server that processes signals input to and output from the switch. The external server may have an information processing function called a cloud, such as a data center including a plurality of devices.

  The respective functions may be appropriately arranged according to the demands of processing capacity and processing delay. Further, the OSU may be provided with the switch unit 12 or the switch unit 13, or may be provided with a switch (the switch unit 12 when the switch unit 13 is provided) separately from the switch. It is desirable that the switch function does not overlap between the switch unit 12 and the switch unit 13 and is appropriately shared according to the processing capability of the switch, but may overlap.

  The location where the softening function is provided is not limited to the information processing section, and may be provided at a plurality of locations where arithmetic processing can be performed. For example, except for the transmitting / receiving unit, the OSU switch, the OSU switch, the OLT control unit, the OLT switch, the OLT information processing unit, the OLT switch / control unit and the information processing unit, It may be either a proxy unit that processes signals input to or output from the switch on the NNI side of the switch, or a processing device such as an external server.

  The softening function may be arranged for each softening function, or may be a part of the softening function obtained by dividing a single softening function. For example, regarding the transmission / reception unit, other than the transmission / reception unit, for example, a switch of the OSU, a unit other than the transmission / reception unit of the OSU and a switch, an OLT switch, an OLT control unit, an OLT information processing unit, other than the OLT, It may be deployed somewhere outside the OLT, such as a proxy unit or an external server on the main signal path, or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations. Those related to the PON termination are other than the PON termination processing deployment location, for example, the transmission / reception unit of the OSU, the switch of the OSU, the non-OSU transmission / reception unit, and other than the switch, the OLT switch, the OLT control unit, and the OLT information processing unit. , OLT, other than the OLT, may be provided somewhere outside the OLT, such as a proxy unit on the main signal path, an external server, or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations.

Items related to the ONU switch are other than the ONU switch, for example, a transmitting / receiving unit, a unit other than the OSU transmitting / receiving unit and a switch, an OLT switch, an OLT control unit, an OLT information processing unit, an OLT other than the OLT. It may be deployed somewhere outside the device such as a proxy unit, an external server, etc., which is on the main signal path, or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations. Items related to the OLT switch are other than the OLT switch, for example, a transmitting / receiving unit, an OSU switch, a unit other than the OSU transmitting / receiving unit and other than a switch, an OLT control unit, an OLT information processing unit, an OLT other than the OLT, and an OLT. It may be deployed somewhere outside the device such as a proxy unit, an external server, etc., which is on the main signal path, or a combination of a plurality of deployment locations.
Further, the location where the softening function is deployed may be appropriately changed according to the deployment status of the extended function section, the computing capacity of the location where computation is possible, the computing load, the power consumption, and the like.

The main functions relating to the main signal processing of the OLT and the relationship between the functions will be described. Transfer the OLT function to the switch. A PON main signal processing function for performing PON section processing such as a PHY adaptation function, a framing function, and a service adaptation function is provided in the transmitting / receiving unit. An PON access control function such as an ONU registration or authentication function, a DBA control function, a DWA function is provided in the information processing unit. The L2 main signal processing functions such as the VLAN control used in framing, the priority control in the former stage of the shaper, the max or demux (MuX / Dmux) and the queue (Queue), and the shaper in the former stage of framing are provided in the switch.
The switch is provided with a copy function in the previous stage of the shaper and a multicast function such as an MLD proxy used for copy. In this way, by providing the switch with the PON main signal processing function and the PON access control function that were provided in the PON, the PON basic function unit 132 is reduced. In particular, it is preferable that the L2 main signal processing is provided in the switch while avoiding duplication.

In addition, as an example, it is assumed that Classifier (Classifier), Modifier (Modifier), Policer / Shaper (Policer / Shaper), Cross Connect (Cross Connect), Queue (Queue), and Scheduler (Scheduler) are provided in order as the function of the switch. However, you may change suitably. For example, in the upstream direction, if processing is not performed within the band allocation unit, the input from the ONU is removed from the preamble and burst overhead for burst transmission, the frame is decapsulated, the LLID is removed, and so on. All the functions of Classifier, Modifier, Policer / Shaper, Cross Connect, Queue, and Scheduler may be implemented by a switch, or only a Modifier, Cross Connect, Queue, and Scheduler may be implemented by a switch.
Furthermore, if a VID or the like describing the path after the PON termination is given by the ONU, Cross Connect, Queue, and Scheduler may be used. If the upper network can be regarded as a single path, Queue or Scheduler may be used. Further, if DBA is performed so that frames do not collide with Cross Connect, Classifier, Modifier, Policyer / Shaper, and Cross Connect can be used. Further, in the upstream direction, if processing is not performed in the bandwidth allocation unit, the input from the ONU is removed from the preamble and burst overhead for burst transmission, the frame is decapsulated, the LLID is removed, and so on. It is also possible to make only Cross Connect if VID etc. describing the path after PON termination is given by the ONU.

  In addition, Classifier, Modifier, Policer / Shaper, Cross Connect, Queue, Scheduler may be Classifier, Policer / Shaper, Modifier, Cross Connect, Queue, Schewer, Squeer, Schewer. It may be Modifier, Queue, Policer / Shaper, Cross Connect, Scheduler, or Classifier, Queue, Policer / Shaper, Modifier, Cross Connect, Scheduler. Considering unnecessary policing / shaping due to burstiness caused by burst transmission of PON or multiplexing of priority traffic such as multicast, and reception of leveled traffic at the receiving side, It is desirable to perform processing by policing / shaping after leveling by placing Queue in the previous stage.

(Embodiment 1-2)
Although the configuration used in the TWDM-PON is illustrated in the embodiment 1-1, it may be applied to the TDM-PON. The TDM-PON is the same as the embodiment 1-1 except that it does not have to have the function of wavelength division multiplexing the wavelength resource of the PON section of the ONU-OLT between ONUs such as λ setting switching (DWA). Is.

(Embodiment 1-3)
Although the configuration used in the TWDM-PON is illustrated in the embodiment 1-1, it may be applied to the WDM-PON. In the WDM-PON, the embodiment 1-3 is different from the embodiment 1-1 except that it does not have to have a function of time-division-multiplexing the band resources in the PON section of the ONU-OLT between ONUs such as DBA. Is the same as.

(Embodiment 1-4)
The present embodiment includes a combination of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) -PON, CDM (Code Division Multiplex) -PON, SCM (Subcarrier Multiplex) -PON, and core division multiplexing.

  Although the configuration used in the TWDM-PON is illustrated in the embodiment 1-1, the configuration may be applied to the PON sharing resources other than wavelength and time. For example, the present invention may be applied to an OFDM-PON that divides and multiplexes electric frequency resources of one wavelength, an SCM-PON that divides and multiplexes electric frequency resources of one wavelength, and a CDM-PON that divides and multiplexes by code, or core line division. Multiplexing may be used together, space division multiplexing using a multicore fiber or the like may be used together, or wavelength division multiplexing may not be used. The same applies if the function of wavelength division multiplexing the wavelength resources of the TWDM-PON is read as a function corresponding to the function required for division multiplexing to each of the resources to be multiplexed.

(Embodiment 2)
In the second embodiment, the configuration used for the TWDM-PON performs GEM encapsulation. In this case, the switch is equipped with an adapter for generating a GEM frame so that the GEM frame is conducted between the switch and the other parts. By transferring the GEM encapsulation to the switch, it is possible to exclude the L2 functional unit from the protocol stack of the other parts and avoid overlapping of the L2 functional unit in the switch and the other parts.

  Although the TWDM-PON has been taken as an example, the same applies to other PONs if the frames for identification in the PON section are treated in the same manner as in Embodiment 1-2 to Embodiment 1-4. The effect of is obtained. For example, in the case of IEEE standard GE-PON, 10GE-PON, etc., instead of a GEM frame, an LLID may be added so that the frame to which the LLID is added is electrically connected between the switch and other parts. Good.

(Embodiment 3)
In the third embodiment, the control information used for the TWDM-PON passes through the switch. In this case, instead of transferring the bridge function relation to the switch, any one of PLOAM, Embedded OAM, and OMCI holding the control information is framed as necessary and processed via the switch. By inputting / outputting the control information via the switch, the processing other than the switch can be lightened. In addition to the transfer of the third embodiment, the transfer of the bridge function of the first and second embodiments to the switch may be performed.
Although the TWDM-PON is taken as an example, if the control information is handled in the same manner and processed through the switch, the same applies to other PONs as in Embodiment 1-2 to Embodiment 1-4. The effect is obtained.

  You may make it implement | achieve at least one part of the communication apparatus in the above-mentioned embodiment with a computer. In that case, the program for realizing this function may be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded in this recording medium may be read by a computer system and executed. The “computer system” mentioned here includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. Further, the “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, a CD-ROM, or a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system. Further, the "computer-readable recording medium" means that a program is dynamically held for a short time like a communication line when transmitting the program through a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In this case, a volatile memory inside a computer system that serves as a server or a client in that case may hold a program for a certain period of time. Further, the program may be for realizing some of the functions described above, or may be one that can realize the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system, It may be realized by using a programmable logic device such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment. The above embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention can be implemented in various modified and improved forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and includes a design etc. within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. .

11 ... Transmission / reception section, 12, 13 ... Switch section, 14 ... Control section, 15 ... Proxy section, 16 ... External server, 21, 22, 27 ... Device independent API, 23, 24, 25 ... Equipment dependent API

Claims (7)

Parts that configure the device and exchange information with the outside of the device,
A path that is provided inside the device and that enables the exchange of information with the outside of the device as a device independent from the outside of the device directly to the outside of the device or directly from the outside of the device to the outside of the device, or a part inside the device itself,
A communication device including. Parts that configure the device and exchange information with the outside of the device,
A path that is provided inside the device and that enables exchange of information with the outside of the device as a device independent from the outside of the device with respect to the part or outside of the device from the part or a part inside the device itself,
An agent that transmits information to or from the outside of the device or transmits or receives the information to or from the outside of the device, or shuts off information from or outside the device to any other component .
Unique identification information such as an identifier or a route that can identify a part that exchanges information with the outside of the device or a route or a combination thereof is given outside the device or in a network including the device, and the identification information of the part is converted to the outside of the device. And a conversion unit that converts the identification information of the component to become unique identification information in the network including the device,
The unique identification information is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using identification information for identifying a device and identification information for the component, or identification for identifying the device when a route for each component is used. A communication device, which is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using information and a value related to a route . The surrogate unit, on behalf of the relevant part, transmits and receives an exchange confirmation signal, which is confirmation of transmission and reception of information, or a frame format as a signal transmission format at the time of signal transmission, the presence or absence of a trailer, and FEC (Forward Error Correction). 3. The communication device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the presence and absence of encryption and the presence or absence of encryption is in the device internal form inside the device and outside the device external form.   The device according to claim 1, further comprising: an assigning unit that assigns unique identification information outside the device or within a network including the device, such as an identifier or a path or a combination thereof that can identify a part that exchanges information with the outside of the device. The communication device described. The unique identification information is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using identification information for identifying a device and identification information for the component, or identification for identifying the device when a route for each component is used. The communication device according to claim 4 , which is information obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using the information and the value related to the route. A method of designing a communication device having a componentized function, comprising:
As a component that constitutes the device and that exchanges information with the outside of the device, and that is provided inside the device and that is independent of the device directly from the outside of the device or directly from the part to the outside of the device or as a part inside the device itself A design method for designing the communication device by using a path that enables exchange of information with the outside of the device. Computer, communication program for functioning as each functional unit included in the communication apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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