JP2018016965A - Dust removal method and device using electrified water particle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust removal method using an electrified water particle that resolves a problem with a conventional dust removal method that efficient dust removal has been prevented because whether the dust to be removed has a positive or a negative electric charge is not determined and an electric charge amount is not measured beforehand.SOLUTION: A dust removal method using an electrified water particle removes a dust 9a together with an electrified water particle 9 by having the electrified water particle 9 and the dust 9a attracted electrically to each other. Whether the dust 9a has a positive or a negative electric charge is determined using positive/negative electric charge determination means, and the dust 9a is removed using the electrified water particle 9 electrified using electrification means 11 with an electric charge opposite to the electric charge determined for the dust 9a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust removing method and apparatus using charged water particles for removing dust such as concrete and rocks scattered in the air in construction work or tunnel construction.

  In building demolition sites and tunnel construction, a large amount of dust scattered around when crushing or crushing concrete and rocks deteriorates the working environment and adversely affects the respiratory system of workers.

  Therefore, conventionally, as a measure for preventing dust scattering, Conventional Example 1: A worker for watering attaches to a heavy machine for dismantling and performs dismantling work while sprinkling a large amount of water.

  However, the dust removal action by the large amount of water is not always efficient, and further, water accumulates in the lower part of the work place, so that the worker's feet become worse. In addition, it is necessary to add one dedicated worker, and the dust removal work is not efficient and the construction cost increases. Therefore, Conventional Example 2: Focusing on the fact that the dust is electrically charged, a dust removal method using a charged mist is known (Patent Document 1).

JP 2013-227806 A

  However, in the dust removal method using charged water particles as the conventional example 2, since the charge amount of the dust to be removed is not grasped, the optimum charging of the mist to be sprayed unless the dust is measured in advance. There is a problem that cannot be set and the amount of water spray cannot be set. The dust removal method and apparatus using charged water particles according to the present invention have been proposed in order to solve such problems.

  The gist of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem of the dust removal method using charged water particles according to the present invention is to achieve the object by electrically sucking the charged water particles and dust from each other, and the dust is charged into the charged water particles. In the dust removal method to be removed together, the positive / negative charge discriminating means discriminates whether the dust is positive or negative charge, and the charge opposite to the discriminated dust charge is charged by the charging means. The dust is removed by charged water particles.

  The dust amount measuring means and the wind direction wind speed measuring means measure the dust amount and the wind direction wind speed, and control the spray amount of the charged water particles through the control device in accordance with the measured dust amount and wind direction wind speed.

  Control of the spray amount of the charged water particles includes the increase / decrease in the number of nozzles spraying the charged water particles, the adjustment of the particle size of the sprayed water particles, and the adjustment of the amount of water supplied to the nozzles. The control is performed by any one of these or an appropriate combination thereof.

  The gist of the present invention for solving the above-described problems and achieving the object of the dust removing device using charged water particles according to the present invention is arranged around a nozzle for spraying charged water particles and the nozzle side of the nozzle. Charged means for generating charged water particles, and at least a control device that drives and controls the nozzle and the charging means, spraying charged water particles from the nozzle, and floating dust and the charged water particles In the dust removing device that removes dust from each other by suction, positive / negative charge discriminating means for discriminating whether the dust is charged to either positive charge or negative charge is provided.

  Current switching means for switching between positive and negative of the current flowing through the charging means via a control device is provided.

  A charge amount measuring means for measuring the charge amount of dust to be removed is provided.

  Opening / closing means for turning ON / OFF the spraying of the plurality of nozzles for spraying the charged water particles, aperture variable means for changing the aperture of the nozzle, and supply of water with variable supply amount of water to the nozzle A supply means, and a control means connected to each of these means, and the amount of spraying of the charged water particles is increased or decreased by the number of nozzles and the size of the particle diameter of the charged water particles sprayed from the nozzles. Among the adjustment and adjustment of the amount of water supplied to the nozzle, control is performed through the control means by any one of these or an appropriate combination thereof.

  According to the dust removal method and apparatus using charged water particles of the present invention, the potential of the dust to be removed is discriminated in advance by the positive / negative charge discriminating means, so that the charged water particles are immediately charged at the work site. Since it can be charged to the opposite electric potential and sprayed toward the dust, optimal and efficient dust removal can be carried out by automatic control for the dust on the site.

  Further, the amount of spraying of the charged water particles is appropriately controlled by the control device in accordance with the amount of dust and the wind direction and wind speed, and water is saved without spraying water unnecessarily. It is to be sprayed.

  It has the excellent effect of being able to quickly deal with dust charged to either positive or negative charge at any location including construction work and tunnel construction by automatic control.

It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the dust removal apparatus 1 using the charged water particle which concerns on this invention in use condition. In the suction type charge amount measuring device 10 of the charge amount measuring means in the dust removing device 1 using the charged water particles of the present invention, the charge generator attached to the filter is dropped by the vibration generating device to reset the charge. Fig. 2A shows the configuration principle diagram (A), Fig. 2B shows the configuration principle diagram when the charged body attached to the filter is periodically grounded and resets, and shows the usage state of the dust removing apparatus 1 using charged water particles. It is a schematic block diagram (C). It is a block diagram of the charging means 11 in the dust removal apparatus 1 using the same charged water particle. It is explanatory drawing which shows the concept of the dust removal method using a charged water particle. It is explanatory drawing which listed whether the various dust generated in construction work is charged to positive or negative charge by the substance of the dust generation source. It is a figure which shows the residual rate of dust compared with the other dust removal method by the result of dust removal by charged water particles.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dust removal method and apparatus using charged water particles according to the present invention measures positive and negative charges of the dust 9a in advance before the dust removal operation, and is opposite to the charge of the dust 9a. Dust is efficiently removed by the charged water particles 9 provided with electric charges.

  Moreover, by measuring the charge amount of the dust 9a in advance, determining the spray amount of the charged water particles 9 according to the charge amount, enhancing the removal effect of the dust 9a, and removing the dust efficiently, as a result It saves water usage.

  The configuration of the dust removing device 1 using charged water particles according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the dust removing device 1 includes a charge amount sensor 2 which is a positive / negative charge discriminating means for measuring positive and negative charges by measuring a charge of the dust 9 a, and a dust 9 a by a dust sensor 3. A dust amount measuring means (not shown) for measuring the amount of dust, a wind direction and wind speed sensor 4 which is a means for measuring the wind direction and wind speed, a control device 5, a tank for storing water, and water from the tank to the nozzle 7 A water supply device 6 which is a water supply means having a pump for supplying water, a nozzle 7 for spraying water in the form of a mist, and an induction electrode portion 8 disposed in the vicinity of the outside of the nozzle 7. , And current switching means 14 for supplying either positive or negative current to the induction electrode portion 8.

  The charge amount sensor 2 which is a positive / negative charge discriminating means for discriminating between positive and negative charges of the dust 9a constitutes a part of the charge amount measuring means. As an example of the configuration of this charge amount measuring means, a charge amount measuring device (commercially available product: manufactured by UTEC Co., Ltd., EA02, equivalent thereof) and an electronic balance (commercially available product: manufactured by A & D, GH02, equivalent thereof) ), A personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer) in which automatic charge amount calculation software is incorporated in a control device (CPU) 5, and a data display monitor.

  The charge amount sensor 2 determines whether the charging state of the dust 9a sucked by the charge amount measuring device is a positive charge or a negative charge. As an example of the discriminating means, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the charged amount measuring device 10 in the charge amount measuring means sucks a charged body such as dust with a suction pump. Then, the electric charge of the charged body adhering to the filter unit is measured. The charge of the charged body adhering to the filter unit is reset by a vibration device (example shown in FIG. 2A) or ground connection (example shown in FIG. 2B), and the charge is increased or decreased over a certain time. It becomes possible to measure.

  At this time, if the charge of the charged body such as dust is “positive”, as a digital signal, for example, “1” data, conversely, if the charge is “negative”, the digital signal is “0”. Is output to the personal computer control device 5 from the charge amount measurement device via a cable as a result of discrimination.

  Specifically, the dust sensor 3 is a dust amount detection device, and is a sensor for measuring the dust concentration and the dust amount by a light scattering method and obtaining the dust amount generated by the construction progress in real time.

  A wind direction and wind speed sensor 4 shown in FIG. 1 is a wind speed detecting device, and is a sensor for obtaining a wind speed in a range of 0.01 to 40 m / s by a hot-wire anemometer.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (C), the water supply device 6 supplies water from a tank in which water is stored, and supplies water to the nozzle 7 through a water supply pipe using a pump. . The pump is controlled by the control device 5 to rotate the water pressure so that the water pressure of the supplied water is adjusted, and the spray amount of water particles (mist) sprayed from the nozzle 7 is adjusted. It has become so.

  The nozzle 7 sprays the supplied water in the form of mist (liquid fine particles of about 25 to 300 μm) from the nozzle. As shown in FIG. 2C, the nozzle 7 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 7 in the dust removing apparatus 1 using the charged water particles 9.

  In accordance with the total charge amount (Q) of the dust 9a, an electromagnetic valve (not shown) that opens and closes the pipe of the water supply pipe communicating with the nozzle 7 is opened and closed under the control of the control device 5, The number of nozzles 7 to be sprayed is increased or decreased.

  In the adjustment of the spray amount of the charged water particles 9, for example, the diameter of the nozzle hole of the nozzle 7 is changed by a known diameter variable means such as rotating the nozzle piece around the axis to reduce the diameter. It can also be adjusted by changing the size of the particle diameter of the charged water particles 9.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the induction electrode unit 8 is disposed so as to surround the nozzle 7, and a high voltage current is applied to the water particles sprayed from the nozzle 7, either positive or negative. The charged water particles 9 are generated by charging the electric charge. The induction electrode portion 8 is formed by covering a conductive metal member with an insulating member made of synthetic resin. As a result, measures are taken to prevent electrical short-circuiting and discharge.

  The induction electrode portion 8 constitutes a part of the charging means 11 as shown in FIG. The charging means 11 charges the water particles sprayed from the nozzle 7 to generate charged water particles 9.

  The structure for generating the charged water particles 9 is connected to the nozzle 7 through the induction electrode unit 8 and the water supply device 6 that form an electric field by applying a desired voltage to charge the water particles with the electric field. Connected to the piping path and the earth side, supplies a reverse charge to the dust 9a to the water, gives a reference potential of the voltage to be applied to the induction electrode part 8, and the voltage via the cable. A power supply 13 for applying, a current switching means 14 for switching a current flow direction, and a control device 5 for controlling the current switching means 14 are configured. The power supply 13 is provided with current limiting means for preventing occurrence of a short circuit.

  The charging action of the charging means 11 will be described. A desired voltage (the same potential as the dust 9a) is applied to the induction electrode unit 8 by the power source 13. Thereby, an electric field is formed by the induction electrode portion 8. Due to the electric field, the water film sprayed from the nozzle 7 is charged with a charge opposite to that of the dust 9 a, and the charged water film is sprayed in a mist form so that the water particles become the charged water particles 9.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the charged water particles 9 are united with dust 9a having a charge opposite to the charge charged by the charged water particles 9 by Coulomb force, and the charged water particles 9 fall to the ground. . The current flow of the power source 13 connected to the induction electrode unit 8 by the current switching means 14 by the control device 5 so that the charge of the dust 9a and the charge of the charged water particles 9 are oppositely positive / negative. Is to switch.

  The dust removal method by the dust removal apparatus 1 using the charged water particle comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. In a building or tunnel construction site, the positive / negative charge discriminating means determines whether the generated charge of the dust 9a is positive or negative.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the charge of the dust 9 a differs between “positive” and “negative” depending on its generation source. Further, even with the same generation source, the charge may be different depending on the progress of construction. This is because the composition may be different between the outside and inside of the source.

  Therefore, it is important to measure the electric charge of the dust 9a in advance for efficient dust removal work before dust removal. In addition, measuring the dust amount and the wind direction and wind speed of the dust 9a with the charge amount measuring means and the wind direction and wind speed measuring means is also important for optimal dust removal setting of the dust removing device 1.

  If the charge of the dust 9a is “positive” to the control device 5 by the positive / negative charge discriminating means, a digital signal “1” is transmitted / input, and if it is “negative”, a digital signal of “0” is Transmitted and input via cable. The dust amount of the dust 9a is digitized from the charge amount measuring device and transmitted / input to the control device 5 via a cable.

  The control device 5 applies a desired voltage to the induction electrode portion 8 of the charging means 11 as shown in FIG. At this time, according to the discrimination result relating to the positive / negative charge of the positive / negative charge discriminating means, the control device 5 opens and closes the electromagnetic valve and switches the switch via the current switching means 14, and the dust 9a and The induction electrode unit 8 is applied at the same potential. As a result, the charged water particles 9 are charged with a charge opposite to that of the dust 9a.

  As described above, the charged water particles 9 are automatically generated by charging the water particles according to the positive / negative of the charge of the dust 9a so as to attract one another with a coulomb force so as to attract each other. The dust removal work becomes efficient.

  In addition, the control device 5 drives the pump of the water supply device 6 so as to have an appropriate water pressure, and appropriately selects a plurality of nozzles 7 so that water particles are made mist from the selected nozzles 7. Spray.

  At that time, due to the electric field formed by the induction electrode unit 8, the water particles are charged to a charge opposite to the charge of the dust 9a, and become charged water particles 9 as shown in FIG. Sprayed.

  The spray amount can also be adjusted by changing the diameter of the charged water particles 9 by changing the diameter of the nozzle 7 by the diameter changing means by the control device 5.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the charged water particles 9 charged with different positive and negative charges and the floating dust 9a are attracted to each other by Coulomb force and fall to the ground together. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the dust removal effect is exhibited as indicated by the residual dust removal rate by the appropriate charge amount and spray amount of the charged water particles 9 with respect to the dust amount of the dust 9a. It is.

  As described above, the dust removing method using the charged water particles according to the present invention is the dust removing method in which the charged water particles and the dust are electrically attracted to each other to remove the dust together with the charged water particles. The positive / negative charge discriminating means discriminates in advance whether the dust is positive or negative charge, and the charged water particles charged by the charging means with the charge opposite to the dust charge discriminated in advance are used as the dust. Therefore, efficient dust removal work can be performed.

  Further, the charge amount of the dust 9a is measured in real time by the charge amount measuring means, and the spray amount of the charged water particles 9 is controlled via the control device 5 in accordance with the measured charge amount. As a result, water is saved.

  The dust removing method using charged water particles according to the present invention and the apparatus thereof include a positive / negative charge discriminating means for determining whether the charge is positive or negative in advance when the dust is charged to either positive or negative charge. And the amount of electric charge is measured, so that it can be applied to dust removal measures at every place.

1 Dust removal device,
2 charge sensor,
3 Dust sensor,
4 Wind direction sensor,
5 control device,
6 Water supply device,
7 nozzles,
8 induction electrode part,
9 Charged water particles (charged mist),
9a dust,
10 Suction type charge measuring device,
11 Charging means,
12 Water side electrode part,
13 Power supply
14 Current switching means.

Claims (7)

In the dust removal method of electrically charging the charged water particles and dust with each other and removing the dust together with the charged water particles,
Whether positive or negative charge of the dust is determined by a positive / negative charge determining means,
Removing the dust by the charged water particles charged by a charging means with a charge opposite to the determined charge of the dust;
A dust removing method using charged water particles. Measuring the dust amount and the wind direction and wind speed by the dust amount measuring means and the wind direction and wind speed measuring means, and controlling the spray amount of the charged water particles through the control device according to the measured dust amount and the wind direction and wind speed;
2. The dust removal method using charged water particles according to claim 1. The control of the spray amount of the charged water particles includes the increase / decrease in the number of nozzles spraying the charged water particles, the adjustment of the particle size of the sprayed charged water particles, and the adjustment of the amount of water supplied to the nozzles. Control by any one of these or an appropriate combination thereof,
2. The dust removal method using charged water particles according to claim 1. A nozzle for spraying charged water particles;
Charging means for generating charged water particles disposed around the nozzle side of the nozzle;
Comprising at least a control device for driving and controlling the nozzle and the charging means;
In the dust removing device for spraying charged water particles from the nozzle, sucking the floating dust and the charged water particles together, and removing dust,
A positive / negative charge discriminating means for discriminating whether the dust is positively charged or negatively charged;
A dust removing device using electric water resistant particles. Current switching means for switching positive / negative of the current flowing through the charging means via the control device;
A dust removing device using charged water particles according to claim 4. Charge amount measuring means for measuring the charge amount of dust to be removed is provided,
A dust removing device using charged water particles according to claim 4 or 5. Opening / closing means for turning on / off spraying of a plurality of nozzles for spraying charged water particles, diameter changing means for changing the diameter of the nozzle, and supply of water with variable supply amount of water to the nozzle Means and control means connected to each of these means,
The amount of spraying of the charged water particles may be any one of increase / decrease in the number of nozzles, adjustment of the particle size of charged water particles sprayed from the nozzles, and adjustment of the amount of water supplied to the nozzles. One or a suitable combination thereof, and controlling through the control means,
A dust removing apparatus using charged water particles according to any one of claims 4 to 6.

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