JP2018009414A - Ultra large size tile unit for exterior - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use an ultra large size tile as an exterior material, the tile that is thin, is easily deflected and has a considerable weight.SOLUTION: A tile unit is unitized as a composite panel by bonding a tile 2 and a framework 3. The framework 3 has: an upper frame 4 having a first projection 20, a second projection 21 and an unevenness adjusting bolt 19 retracting in the vertical direction and performing unevenness adjustment, and placed and fixed on foundation hardware 29 of a building structure side; and a bottom frame 5 being not fixed to the building structure, and having an engaging recess 22 engaged with the first projection 20 of other units arranged in the lower stage and regulating the approach or separating movement to the wall of the building structure. The upper frame 4 is placed on the foundation hardware 29, and the second projection 21 is mounted to the foundation hardware 29 and is suspended. Alternatively, the bottom frame 5 is engaged with the first projection 20 of the tile of the lower stage. Thereby, the tile unit 1 is included so as to be mounted in a horizontally moving/rocking manner slightly and longitudinally.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a tile unit for dry construction. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ultra-large tile unit suitable for use as an exterior.

  In recent years, the use of tiles as building exterior materials has increased. For example, as a tile for exterior of a wooden building, a relatively small tile of about several centimeters to at most about 20 cm is used, and it is directly bonded to the ground with mortar or adhesive (Patent Document 1). ). In addition, there are tiles up to about 60 cm square, which are mainly used for concrete buildings, etc., called large tiles (JIS A 5209 “Ceramics tile”). This tile has basic dimensions of 50 to 600 mm in length and width, and 5 to 25 mm in thickness. After the groove is cut on the back side of the tile, a grip fitting is attached and this grip fitting is used. The thing by the dry construction which fixes by hooking on the rail etc. which were fixed to the wall surface is known (patent document 2).

JP 2006-144298 A JP 2005-002713 A

  On the other hand, in recent years, a tile that is much larger than a large tile, for example, a super-large sheet having a long side of about 3 m and a short side of about 1.5 m and a thickness of about 5 to 6 mm (in some cases about 3 mm) to about 10 mm. Tiles (referred to herein as super-large tiles) have been developed overseas. This super large tile is mainly used as a flooring material, an inner wall material, a top plate material or the like by being attached only with an adhesive.

  However, since the ultra-large tile is thinly formed for weight reduction, it is difficult to apply the construction method described in Patent Document 2 in which the strength is lowered and the groove is ground on the back surface of the tile and gripped by the grip fitting.

  In addition, even if we try to reduce the weight by reducing the thickness of the tile as much as possible, it still has a weight of several tens to 100 kg, so simply attaching it to the wall with only mortar or adhesive will give the tile itself strength and outer wall structure. There is still concern about the bearing capacity and durability of the building, and its use as an outer wall material is feared.

  In addition, the ultra-large tiles have a thickness of about 5 to 10 mm and are easy to bend and have a weight of about several tens to 100 kg. Yes. In particular, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the unevenness. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to take measures for preventing the drop-out for the emergency, which is necessary for use as an outer wall material.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-large tile unit that can be used as an exterior material.

  In order to achieve such an object, the tile unit according to claim 1 includes a tile and a framework that supports the tile from the back side, and the tile and the framework are formed by applying an adhesive to a surface of the framework facing the tile. It is unitized as a composite panel by bonding, and the framework has a first ridge, a second ridge, and a non-land adjustment bolt that protrudes and adjusts in the vertical direction to adjust the shore. The upper cage placed and fixed on the base hardware, and the movement of approaching and moving away from the wall of the building cabinet by engaging with the first protrusions of other units not fixed to the building cabinet but arranged at the lower stage And a lower tile having an engaging recess that is restricted, and the upper collar is placed on the base hardware and the second protrusion is attached to the base hardware and is suspended. By engaging with the first protrusion of the tile unit, In which it mounted for slight horizontal movement, swinging back and forth.

  In addition, the tile unit according to the present invention is a tile that is disposed in front of at least one of the other tile units disposed on the upper stage at least at either one of both ends of the upper ridge to prevent the tiles of the other tile unit from peeling off. It is preferable to provide a peeling prevention block.

  In addition, the tile unit according to the present invention includes a vertical joint cover on the vertical hook on the lateral connection direction side of the frame so that the free end of the vertical joint cover overlaps the vertical hook of another tile unit arranged horizontally. It is preferable to arrange.

  Moreover, the tile outer wall surface construction method according to the present invention is a method of preparing the tile unit according to claim 1, and fixing a base metal hardware that is positioned in the height level and the entry / exit direction on the wall of the building drive. And placing the upper part of the tile of the tile unit on the base hardware and suspending it, and the lower part of the tile unit from the first ridge of the other tile unit on the lower stage or the wall of the building frame. And a step of fitting the upper plate to the base hardware after adjusting the unevenness as necessary, and fitting the tile unit in the horizontal direction in order from the bottom to the top. It is characterized in that the outer wall is constructed by fixing it to the building frame through the foundation hardware while unfolding.

  Further, in the tile outer wall surface construction method according to the present invention, the base hardware is mounted on the primary bracket directly fixed to the wall of the building drive, and can be adjusted and moved in the direction of entering and exiting the tile unit. It is preferable that the secondary bracket is fixed, the height level is output by the primary bracket, and the positioning in the entering / exiting direction is set by the secondary bracket.

  Moreover, the tile outer wall surface construction method according to the present invention prevents the tiles of the upper tile unit from being peeled by being placed in front of the tile unit at the joint between the tile unit and the other tile units at the four corners. It is preferable to arrange a tile peeling prevention block.

  Further, the tile outer wall surface construction method according to the present invention includes a vertical joint cover between horizontally adjacent tile units, and the vertical joint cover is a tile unit that is first attached to the wall of the building frame. It is preferable that the other tile unit is provided in the vertical gutter on the side to be connected, and the vertical joint cover is arranged so as to overlap the vertical gutter of the other tile unit to be attached to the wall of the building frame later.

  In the super large size tile unit according to claim 1, the upper heel is mounted on the base metal hardware and fixed, while the lower heel side is hung free so that it is free from stress and deformation applied to the wall surface in the event of an earthquake. It becomes. For this reason, it is hardly considered that the tile is broken and dropped off, or extremely few. Moreover, since the center of gravity is below the fulcrum, it is difficult to drop and is supported stably. In addition, for example, when a strong roll is applied during an earthquake, the tile unit moves horizontally horizontally with the building frame without swinging. Since the stress and shearing force are rarely applied, the tile can be prevented from falling or being damaged and dropped.

  In addition, the tile unit does not swing when it rolls and moves horizontally horizontally along with the building frame, so the joint spacing does not change and remains constant, so the joints need to be wider than necessary. There is no, can be thin. For this reason, it is possible to make the design in which the arrangement of tiles is clean.

  In addition, since the thin and flexible ultra-large tile is reinforced with a framework, it is easy to handle and install. Further, even if the weight is heavy, the amount of push-out of the unevenness adjustment bolt can be controlled in a state where the upper collar is suspended from the base metal, so that the unevenness adjustment can be easily performed.

It is a front view which shows partially an example which constructed | assembled the outer wall by one Embodiment of the super-large-sized tile unit of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the outer wall. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of embodiment which shows the relationship between the lower arm of an upper stage tile unit, and the upper arm of a lower stage tile unit. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of the structure of the upper collar part of the uppermost tile unit. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of the structure of the lower collar part of the lowest tile unit. It is a cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of the relationship between the adjacent vertical gutter parts of the tile unit developed right and left. It is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the structure of the vertical wall portion of the rightmost tile unit. It is a front view which shows one Embodiment of the relationship between the adjacent tile unit of FIG. 6, and a tile peeling prevention block. It is a front view which shows one Embodiment of the relationship between the tile unit arrange | positioned at the upper and lower sides of the right end of FIG. 7, and a tile peeling prevention block. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the super large-sized tile unit of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of the scaffold connection in the case of constructing | assembling an outer wall by one Embodiment of the super-large-sized tile unit of this invention. It is a top view of the scaffold connection shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

  1 to 9 show an example of an embodiment of the super large tile unit of the present invention. The tile unit 1 according to the present embodiment includes an ultra-large tile (hereinafter simply referred to as a tile) 2 and a framework 3 that supports the tile 2 from the back side. The tile 2 of the present embodiment is an ultra-large tile having a width of about 1.5 m and a length of about 3 m, for example, and is formed with a thickness of about 6 mm, for example, for weight reduction.

  The framework 3 is preferably lightweight and excellent in strength. For example, an aluminum extrusion mold is preferably used. In the case of the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the skeleton 3 has a lattice composed of an upper rod 4 and a lower rod 5, left and right vertical rods 6 that connect them, and a vertical beam 7 and a horizontal beam 8. Combining them together makes it a rice field. Here, among the members constituting the skeleton 3, at least four members of the upper ridge 4, the lower ridge 5, and the both vertical ridges 6 arranged on the periphery are powder coated in the same color as the base color of the super large tile 2. It is preferable to carry out baking painting. The aluminum mold members are generally joined by, for example, screwing a tapping screw using a C-shaped ridge called a screw hole, and depending on the location, the tapping screw is screwed in via an angle.

  The surface of each frame 4, 5, 6 of the framework 3 and the lattice (vertical braid 7 and horizontal braid 8) that faces the back surface of the tile 2 is a surface that is bonded to the tile 2 (hereinafter referred to as a tile bonding surface 9). In order to increase the engaging force of the adhesive, for example, the elastic adhesive 10, the surface is roughened. Further, at least one, preferably a plurality of holes 11 penetrating toward the back surface side are formed in the tile bonding surface 9 so that excess elastic adhesive 10 leaks to the back surface side.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a rubber spacer 12 is disposed on the periphery of the tile bonding surface 9, and a backer material (also referred to as a backup material) 13 is disposed further inside thereof. As the rubber spacer 12, a hard rubber material such as EPDM is employed. Furthermore, as the backer material 13, for example, foamed polystyrene or foamed polyethylene is employed. The arrangement of the rubber spacer 12 can prevent the tile 2 from coming into direct contact with the hardware constituting the framework 3. Then, the elastic adhesive 10 is filled in the inner space surrounded by the backer material 13. The elastic adhesive 10 leaks to the surface opposite to the tile adhesive surface 9 through the hole 11 formed in the tile adhesive surface 9, swells radially outward along the back surface, and functions as an anchor. Therefore, the adhesive 10 is prevented from peeling off. As a result, the engaging force of the elastic adhesive material 10 to the tile adhesive surface 9 is strengthened. In addition, the excess elastic adhesive 10 leaks to the back side through the holes 11, thereby preventing the elastic adhesive 10 from getting out of the framework 3 by overcoming the backer material 13 and the rubber spacer 12 on the back side of the tile. it can. Thereby, the appearance of the tile unit 1 is not impaired. The rubber spacer 12 and the backer material 13 are affixed in advance at predetermined positions of the framework 3. The backer material 13 is laid on the entire circumference of the tile adhesive surface 9 so as to confine the elastic adhesive 10, so that the tile 2 and the tile adhesive surface 9 are bonded only on the two surfaces of the elastic adhesive 10. Is provided. On the other hand, the rubber spacer 12 is not necessarily provided on the entire peripheral surface of the outer periphery of the backer material 13 and may be intermittently arranged depending on the case.

  Further, an anti-scattering film 14 is attached to a portion not backed up by the framework 3 on the back surface of the tile 2. Examples of the anti-scattering film 14 include an anti-scattering film (or sheet) and a glass fiber mesh.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the tile unit 1 is a suspended structure that is fixed after being placed so that the upper shell 4 portion of the frame 3 is placed on a base metal fitting 29 attached to the wall 28 of the building frame. It is said that. For example, the upper collar 4 to be put on the base metal piece 29 employs a substantially hat-shaped mold material whose back side is opened in order to allow the base metal piece 29 to enter inside, and has an opening (notched portion). Is arranged so as to face the wall 28. And the upper side 4a of the upper rod 4 covered with the base metal fitting 29 is provided with the unevenness adjusting bolt 19 and fitted into the locking recess 22 of the lower rod 5 of the tile unit 1 arranged in the upper stage. The first ridge 20 that is locked only in the direction of entering and exiting (the direction that approaches and separates from the wall 28) and the second ridge 21 that is fixed to the base hardware 29 are parallel to the tile adhesion surface 9. Is provided.

  The first protrusion 20 is disposed on the outer side, that is, near the tile bonding surface 9 on the upper side 4a, and is an engagement protrusion that fits with the engagement recess (female member) 22 of the lower collar 5 of the tile unit 1 disposed on the upper stage. Part (male member). In the case of this embodiment, the 1st protrusion 20 consists of a plate standing upright of the upper collar 4 and integral molding, for example. The first protrusion 20 is engaged with the opposing engagement recess 22 of the lower arm 5 of the other tile unit 1 arranged in the upper stage, and the lower end of the other tile unit 1 suspended in the upper stage enters and exits. It is intended to prevent the direction from swinging beyond a predetermined width, but at the same time serves as a horizontal joint cover. That is, it is blocked by the first protrusion 20 so that the back cannot be seen from the gap / joint 16 between the upper and lower tile units 1.

  The second ridge 21 is composed of a plate-like edge that stands vertically from the end on the back side (wall 28) than the first ridge 20 on the upper side 4a, and is connected to the secondary bracket 31. The tile unit 1 is fixed to the wall 28 through the base metal 29. The second protrusion 21 is fixed to an arbitrary position of the secondary bracket 21 by inserting the head of the fastening bolt 25 from the side into the C-shaped channel portion 37 of the secondary bracket 31 and tightening the nut 26. Is provided. The 2nd protrusion 21 has the elongate long hole 24 which penetrates the fastening bolt 25, and the position of the fastening bolt 25 with respect to the secondary bracket 21 is provided so that adjustment is possible to a perpendicular direction.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the first ridge 20 and the second ridge 21 penetrate the scaffold linking arm 57 of the scaffold tie 50 that connects the scaffold (not shown) to the wall 28. Holes 51 and 52 are provided. In the case of the present embodiment, the holes 51 and 52 are formed of, for example, elongated windows (slits) that are horizontally long in the width direction along the lower edge of the tile 2, and a gap between the upper tile unit 1 and the lower tile unit 1. Is provided at the position of the joint 16. It is generally required that the scaffolding joints 50 be provided at intervals of, for example, 1800 mm or 3600 mm. Accordingly, the upper collar 4 of the framework 3 of one tile unit 1 is provided with elongated windows 51 and 52 that allow the scaffolding arm 57 to pass through at least one place, preferably a plurality of places, for example, two places. Here, it is preferable that the scaffolding connection 50 is selected and attached where the secondary bracket 31 does not exist. However, even at the position where the secondary bracket 31 is disposed, the window 52 and the first projection 20 of the first protrusion 20 are arranged. If the secondary bracket 31 is provided with an elongated window (not shown) that allows the scaffolding arm 57 to pass through at a height corresponding to the window 51 of the second protrusion 21, the scaffolding joint 50 can be installed. . In this case, the scaffolding arm 57 protrudes out of the tile 2 through the secondary bracket 31, the first ridge 20 and the second ridge 21, and a scaffold (not shown) is connected.

  The upper side 4 a of the upper rod 4 is provided with a non-land adjustment bolt 19 that can be projected and lowered in the vertical direction (vertical direction) toward the inner side of the upper rod 4. For example, in the present embodiment, a through hole through which the uneven land adjusting bolt 19 passes between the first protrusion 20 and the second protrusion 21 on the upper side 4a, and the unevenness adjustment on the back side of the upper side 4a. A C-shaped channel portion 23 is provided for accommodating a nut 27 that converts the rotation of the bolt 19 into a linear motion in a non-rotatable manner. Then, the unevenness adjusting bolt 19 is screwed from above the upper side 4a in a state where the nut 27 is inserted into the groove-like space formed by the C-shaped channel portion 23, so that the unevenness adjusting bolt 19 can be moved in the vertical direction at an arbitrary position. Prepare to be able to invade. Accordingly, the tilt and height of the tile unit 1 with respect to the horizontal can be finely adjusted by rotating the left and right unevenness adjusting bolts 19. The unevenness adjusting bolt 19 is not limited to a combination of a bolt and a nut as shown in the figure, and may be constituted by a push bolt that directly cuts a female screw on the upper side 4a of the upper collar 4 and engages it.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 5, in the case of the present embodiment, the lower arm 5 is a non-landing adjustment bolt 19 and a second protrusion on the upper arm 4 of another tile unit 1 arranged in the lower stage. In order to avoid interference with 21 and the secondary bracket 31, etc., it is composed of an inverted L-shaped mold material in which at least the lower part of the back surface and the bottom are cut out. However, it is not particularly limited to this cross-sectional shape. Further, the lower cage 5 is fitted with a locking member held at a fixed position from the wall surface of the building frame, and the lower portion of the tile unit 1, that is, the lower cage 5 portion swings only within a certain range in the entrance / exit direction. And can be moved in the horizontal direction as well as the vertical (vertical) direction. For example, the engagement that restricts the movement of the tile unit 1 in the direction of entering and exiting by engaging with the first protrusion 20 of the other tile unit 1 arranged at the lower stage or the locking plate 39 fixed to the primary bracket 30. A recess 22 is provided at the lower end. For example, in the case of the present embodiment, the engagement recess 22 forms a box shape that opens downward in the vertical direction when the tile unit 1 is disposed along the wall 28 of the building frame, and the other tiles disposed in the lower stage. A locking piece 22a that comes into contact with the first protrusion 20 or the locking plate 39 of the unit 1 on the back side, and a locking piece 22b that comes into contact with the first protrusion 20 or the locking plate 39 on the near side. And is accommodated so as to be relatively movable in the direction of entering and exiting within a certain width between them.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the lower collar 5 is provided with a tile receiver 48 that protrudes toward the tile 2 side and contacts the lower end of the tile 2. The tile receiver 48 facilitates the positioning of the tile 2 and the framework 3 at the time of assembling the unit. However, even if creep rupture (or displacement) due to aging of the adhesive 10 occurs, the tile receiver 48 receives the tile 2. It also functions as a support member that supports and prevents sliding off. The tile receiver 48 may be formed integrally with a member constituting the lower collar 5, for example, an aluminum extrusion mold, or may be a separate and independent part depending on the case. In addition, when the tile receiver 48 is configured as a separate part from the lower plate 5, the unevenness on the surface of the lower plate 5 on the side of the tile bonding surface 9 does not become uneven. Can be easily. On the other hand, in the case where the lower collar 5 and the tile receiver 48 are integrally formed of an aluminum extrusion mold, the flange-shaped tile receiver 48 can be formed over the entire length (the entire width direction) of the lower collar 5, so that the tile 2 is supported and supported. The function as a support member for preventing slipping is increased. Of course, even in the case of integrally molding with an aluminum extrusion mold material, the tile receiver 48 is cut out at a part of the flange-shaped tile receiver 48 after the molding, preferably at least one place, preferably a plurality of places, for example, the center in the width direction and the left and right. The weight may be reduced by leaving

  The tile receiver 48 of the present embodiment includes, for example, a flange portion 48a that contacts the lower end surface of the tile 2 and a vertical portion parallel to the tile adhesion surface 9 by alternately bending a steel plate having a width of about 50 mm to 100 mm by 90 °. 48d and a lower Zipper 5 made of an aluminum extruded mold formed independently of a substantially Z-shaped metal fitting having a hook portion 48b parallel to the flange portion 48a and an anchor portion 48c parallel to the vertical portion 48d. It is configured as a part. As shown in FIG. 10, the tile receiver 48 is formed by inserting an anchor portion 48c and a hook portion 48b into an elongated window (slit) 49 opened on the tile adhesion surface 9 of the lower arm 5, and then attaching the vertical portion 48d to the tile. The rubber spacer 12 and the backer material 13 are disposed on the window 49 by being applied to the surface 9, and the elastic adhesive 10 is applied thereon to be temporarily fixed to the lower collar 5. The tile receiver 48 is fixed together while being pressed against the lower basket 5 by the weight of the tile 2 attached from above. The tile receiver 48 is provided in at least one place, preferably a plurality of places. For example, in the case of the super large size tile of the present embodiment having a width of 1.5 m and a length of 3 m, it is preferable that the tile 2 is provided at a total of three places, at least in the center in the width direction and at both left and right ends.

  When assembling the tile unit 1, the lower rod 5 and the tile receiver 48 are provided on the back surface side of the side constituting the tile bonding surface 9 of the lower rod 5 by causing the anchor portion 48 c of one end to be hidden in the elongated window 49 of the lower rod 5. The hook portion 48b is placed on the edge of the elongated window 49 and the vertical portion 48d is set to be hooked on the lower gutter 5 so as to reach the tile adhesion surface 9 while being inserted into the lower side of the window 49. Then, when the elastic adhesive 10 is applied to the tile bonding surface 9, the locking member 48 is fixed between the tile 2 and the frame 3 and the lower collar 5 by pasting the tile 2 thereon. . The tile receiver 48 set on the lower collar 5 is used as a positioning member for attaching the tile 2 because the flange portion 48a at one end protrudes toward the tile 2 side at the lower edge of the frame 3 and the lower collar 5. be able to. Thereby, positioning of the tile 2 and the framework 3 at the time of unit assembly is simplified. In the case of this embodiment, the flange portion 48a is formed to have a length that reaches, for example, about half of the thickness of the tile 2, but is not particularly limited to this, and at least the lower edge of the tile 2 It is sufficient if it has a length that can be hooked on the surface of the tile 2, and it is desirable that the length protrude beyond the surface of the tile 2. Further, since the anchor portion 48c at the other end of the tile receiver 48 is disposed so as to be buried in the adhesive 10 filled in the window 49 and cover the stopper of the adhesive 10, the anchor effect is exhibited and the lower lid Do not leave easily from 5.

  In the case of this embodiment, the vertical rod 6 employs a mold material having the same cross-sectional shape as the lower rod 5, that is, an inverted L-shaped material in which at least the lower part of the back surface and the bottom are cut off, and the engagement recess 22 and the opening ( The cutout portion) is arranged so as to face outward and connects the upper and lower eyelets 4 and 5 together. By arranging in this way, the engagement recesses 22 are present at the edges on both sides of the tile unit 1, so that various cover members and the like can be attached using the engagement recesses 22.

  In the case of this embodiment, the middle bone is constituted by a rectangular pipe having a rectangular cross section. For example, the vertical braid 7 is one through, and the connection with the horizontal braid 8 divided into two is connected with a tapping screw through an angle in a butted state and combined into a cross shape.

  The base metal fitting 29 for fixing the tile unit 1 composed of the frame 3 and the tile 2 to the building frame is not limited to a specific shape, but in the present embodiment, for example, it is directly fixed to the wall 28 of the building frame. Primary bracket 30 and secondary bracket 31 which is slidably mounted in the direction of getting in and out of the primary bracket 30 (the direction of approaching and moving away from the building frame) and fixed to the primary bracket 30 at an arbitrary position. And have.

  The primary bracket 30 is made of, for example, unequal side angle steel (L-shaped angle steel), and the long side is fixed to the wall 28 of the building frame with an anchor member 35 such as a chemical anchor. A hole 34 larger than the diameter of the anchor member 35 is provided on the long side of the primary bracket 30, and is provided to be movable to some extent in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the wall 28. Thus, the height of the primary bracket 30 is adjusted in the vertical direction when attached to the wall 28. In addition, a long hole 38 through which a fastening bolt 46 for fastening the secondary bracket 31 and the primary bracket 30 is passed is formed on the short side of the primary bracket 30, that is, a portion protruding perpendicularly to the wall 28. The long axis is arranged in the direction of entry / exit, and the fixing position of the secondary bracket 31 is provided so as to be adjustable in the direction of entry / exit. That is, the secondary bracket 31 is allowed to be adjusted and moved in the direction of entering and exiting within the range of the long hole 38 and is fixed at an arbitrary position by the fastening bolt 46. In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the primary bracket 30 is arranged so as to straddle between the two rows of tile units 1, but is shared. There is no particular limitation, and each tile unit 1 may be arranged independently for each column.

  On the other hand, the secondary bracket 31 is provided with a C-shaped channel portion 37 that accommodates the fastening bolt 25 for fixing the upper collar 4 of the frame 3 movably in the horizontal direction along the wall 28 of the building frame. Yes. The C-shaped channel portion 37 is for slidably fitting the head portion of the fastening bolt 25, and is slightly longer than the two-face width of the bolt head portion and shorter than the diagonal length of the bolt head portion. It has a width corresponding to that, and is slidable while preventing rotation of the bolt head to be fitted. Further, the secondary bracket 31 has a bottom plate 33 for ensuring a seat surface that is in contact with the sufficiently large primary bracket 30 in order to ensure sufficient support rigidity. The bottom plate 33 is provided with a C-shaped channel portion 32 that can slide the head of a fastening bolt 46 for fixing the secondary bracket 31 to the primary bracket 30 while being slidable. Yes. The C-shaped channel portion 32 allows the head of the fastening bolt 46 to slide relative to the horizontal direction along the wall 38. Therefore, if the head of the fastening bolt 46 penetrating the long hole 38 of the primary bracket 30 is inserted into the C-shaped channel portion 32 at the bottom of the secondary bracket 31 from the side and accommodated, the nut 47 of the fastening bolt 46 can be accommodated. The secondary bracket 31 can be fastened to the short side of the primary bracket 30 simply by rotating. Note that the secondary bracket 31 does not need to exist throughout the entire width direction of the tile unit 1, and may be partially present, for example, at least where the primary bracket 30 is provided. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, the secondary bracket 31 is arranged so as to straddle between the two rows of tile units 1 and shared, but is not particularly limited thereto. Alternatively, the tile units 1 may be arranged independently for each column.

  Here, it is difficult to think that the tile 2 of the tile unit 1 after being attached to the wall 28 of the building is damaged in a natural state, but if the damage is caused by some unexpected accident or collision, the edge of the tile, In particular, defects at the corners are considered. Also in this case, the elastic adhesive 10 is fixed to the framework 3 so that it can be prevented from falling, but it cannot be said that there is no possibility of peeling off due to a decrease in adhesive force due to deterioration of the adhesive over time. . Of course, such an accident can be prevented in the periodic inspection, but in order to be more thorough, in the case of this embodiment, the joint 16 between the tile units 1 is tiled due to some unforeseen accident. A tile peeling prevention block 15 is arranged to prevent the edges of the frame from being lost and trying to peel off the frame 3. The tile peeling prevention block 15 is arranged on the front side of the tile unit 1 and is not in contact with the tile 2 at the normal time. When the tile 2 swings in a direction away from the wall 28, the tile peeling prevention block 15 comes into contact with the tile unit 1. It functions to suppress movement to. The tile peeling prevention block 15 is disposed in front of the tile 2 by being supported by a support arm 18 fixed to the upper side 4a of the upper collar 4 so as to protrude toward the front of the tile 2, for example. Further, if a defect occurs in the tile 2, it can be considered that it occurs at the edge of the tile 2, particularly at the corners 2c of the four corners. Therefore, in this embodiment, the tile peeling prevention block 15 is provided at the corners 2c of the four corners of the tile 2 where the vertical joint and the horizontal joint of the tile 2 intersect.

  Note that the four corners 2c of the tile 2 are easily chipped during transportation or affixing work to the framework 3 and the like, for example, as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is preferable that a tile peeling prevention block 15 that also serves as a blindfold is arranged at a portion where the corners 2c of the four tile units 1 are abutted, and that the corner dropping part is hidden in the tile peeling prevention block 15. . In the case of the present embodiment, the tile peeling prevention block 15 is made of, for example, a disk as shown in FIG. 8, and is attached to the upper side 4a of the upper collar 4 with screws or the like so as to contact the front surface of the tile. They are arranged in parallel with a certain gap between them. The support plate 18 of the tile exfoliation prevention block 15 is fixed to the upper collar 4 of one of the tile units 1 arranged on the left and right by screws or the like. Thereby, the independence of the tile units 1 adjacent to each other on the left and right and top and bottom is mutually secured. In the present embodiment, the tile units 1 are arranged at the four corners. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the tile units 1 are arranged to straddle at least two tile units 1. In some cases, it may be arranged so as to be applied to only one tile unit 1. As shown in FIG. 9, the tile peeling prevention block 15 disposed so as to straddle between the tile units 1 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is attached to the upper collar 4 of the lower tile unit 1.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a vertical joint cover (joint cover) 17 is provided between the tile units 1 arranged on the left and right. The vertical joint cover 17 is, for example, a belt-shaped resin plate that reaches the ends of the vertical rod 6 and the upper rod 4 and the lower rod 5, and the base portion of the vertical joint cover 17 and the upper rod of the tile unit 1 that is attached to the wall surface first, for example 4 and the end of the lower jar 5 are screwed in advance, and the free end side is addressed to the vertical ridge 6 and the ends of the upper and lower ridges 4 and 5 of the other tile unit 1 installed next. In this way, the joint 16 is covered from end to end. For example, in the present embodiment, the vertical rod 6 is made of an aluminum extrusion mold having the same cross-sectional shape as the lower rod 4, so that the portion corresponding to the engaging recess 22 provided at the lower end of the lower rod 4 is It is used as an end portion for attaching the base portion of the vertical joint cover 17 or an end portion to which the free end of the vertical joint cover 17 is addressed. For example, in the case of the present embodiment in which the horizontal connection direction of the tile unit 1 is set from right to left, the base of the vertical joint cover 17 is the left vertical gutter 6 of the tile unit 1 attached to the wall 28 first. It is fixed to the locking piece 22a on the back side of the locking recess 22 at the edge by screwing. And the free end side of the vertical joint cover 17 is addressed to the locking piece 22a on the back side of the locking recess 22 of the right vertical rod 6 of the tile unit 1 attached to the wall 28 later. As a result, the gap formed between the adjacent tile units 1, that is, the joint 16 is closed by the vertical joint cover 17, and the back cannot be seen from the joint 16. Incidentally, in the joint 16 between the upper and lower tile units 1, the first protrusion 20 of the lower tile unit 1 fitted in the locking recess 22 of the lower ridge 5 of the upper tile unit 1 is fitted. Since the first protrusions 20 are arranged in a combined manner, the first protrusions 20 function as horizontal joint covers (joint concealment) that block the joints 16 between the tile units 1 arranged above and below.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide the cover panel 41 which served as a blindfold and a rainwater invasion prevention measure in the upper edge part of the tile unit 1 arrange | positioned at the uppermost stage. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the cover panel 41 is attached using the first ridge 20 and the second ridge 21. The cover panel 41 includes a ceiling surface composed of a forward and downward inclined surface and a front surface falling vertically, and a rear end edge side protrudes from the second protrusion 21 toward the wall surface (rear) side, for example, with a screw. On the other hand, the front edge side is fixed to the first protrusion 20 with, for example, screws. Further, a tile peeling prevention block 15 is disposed in front of the cover panel 41 so as to cover a fixed portion of the panel, and is blinded. The tile peeling prevention block 15 is supported by a support plate 18 screwed to the upper side 4a of the upper collar 4.

  On the other hand, it is preferable that the lower edge portion of the tile unit 1 arranged at the lowermost stage is provided with a cover panel 40 that serves both as a blindfold and a rainwater intrusion prevention measure. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a cover panel 40 that serves as a blindfold from below and prevents rainwater from entering is attached using a primary bracket 30 fixed to the wall 28. At the same time, the primary bracket 30 is provided with a locking plate 39 corresponding to the first protrusion 20 that engages with the engaging recess 22 of the lower collar 5. The locking plate 39 has, for example, an L shape, and the base portion is fixed to the primary bracket 30 with a fastening bolt 45 so that the free end standing in the vertical direction enters the engagement recess 22 of the lower collar 5. Is arranged. Further, in the present embodiment, for example, one end of the cover panel 40 is screwed to the free end side of the locking plate 39, and the support plate 18 of the tile peeling prevention block 15 is further utilized using the cover panel 40. It is attached.

  Further, a cover panel 43 serving both as a blindfold and a rainwater intrusion prevention measure is also attached to the vertical gutter 6 outside the tile unit 1 arranged at both ends via a support plate 44. Further, a tile peeling prevention block 15 is also attached.

  According to the tile unit 1 configured as described above, the super large tile 2 and the frame 3 are assembled in advance in a factory and unitized as a reinforced composite panel, and then can be carried into the construction site. Therefore, the tile unit 1 is easy to handle and install as a composite panel with very little deflection.

  For example, the tile unit 1 described above is easily attached to the wall 28 of the building frame as follows, for example. First, the second protrusion 21 is fixed to the base metal 29 after the base metal hardware (fastener) 29 attached in advance to the wall 28 of the building frame is placed on the upper wall 4 of the tile unit 1. Is suspended by.

  When the primary bracket 30 is fixed to a predetermined position on the wall 28 of the building frame with a chemical anchor bolt 35 or the like, the leveling and horizontal leveling of the base metal 29 is performed. Since the hole 34 of the primary bracket 30 is set to be larger than the chemical anchor bolt 35, the height position, the horizontal level, etc. of the primary bracket are obtained by adjusting the position and inclination of the primary bracket in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is done.

  The secondary bracket 31 is placed on the primary bracket 30 fixed to the wall 28 to adjust the position in the entrance / exit direction, and is fixed at a certain distance from the wall 28. That is, position leveling is performed. Note that the lowermost base metal fitting 29 is attached in an upside down orientation unlike the other primary brackets 30 and is attached so that the primary bracket 30 is completely hidden behind the tile unit 1. . In addition, for the lowermost base metal piece 29, instead of the secondary bracket 31, a locking plate that engages with the engaging recess 22 of the lower collar 5 of the lowermost tile unit 1 and positions it in the exit / entry direction. 39 is attached.

  Subsequently, the upper unit 4 of the tile unit 1 is hooked and placed on the base metal 29, specifically, for example, on the bottom plate 33 of the secondary bracket 31. At the same time, the engaging recess 22 of the lower rod 5 is fitted to the side extending in the vertical direction at the front end of the locking plate 39 supported by the lowermost base metal piece 29. In this state, the second ridge 21 of the upper collar 4 is temporarily fixed to the secondary bracket 31 by using the fastening bolt 25 having the head hooked on the C-shaped channel portion 37 of the secondary bracket 31. Then, so-called unevenness adjustment is performed in which the two unevenness adjusting bolts 19 that are arranged apart from each other on the left and right sides of the tile unit 1 are adjusted to level and level. As a result, the position and height position of the tile unit 1 and the position of the height are adjusted, and the tilt in the horizontal direction is adjusted. At the same time, since the position of the joint 16 of the tile unit 1 is determined, for example, the position of the joint is marked on the wall 28, and the position where the scaffolding 50 is attached, that is, the position of anchoring is determined in accordance with the position of the joint. The temporary fixing of the tile unit 1 is preferably performed as a measure for preventing a fall accident. However, in some cases, the above-described various positioning and joint positioning may be performed without temporarily fixing. In addition, from the tile unit 1 in the second and subsequent stages from the bottom, the first protrusion 20 of the upper collar 4 of the tile unit 1 in which the engaging recess 22 of the lower collar 5 of the upper tile unit 1 is disposed on the lower side. And fitted.

  In general, a scaffolding for connecting scaffolds is provided in advance in a building frame. Therefore, in a general tile attaching method, a scaffold is constructed using an existing scaffold connection, and a tile attaching operation is started. At this time, the tiles are attached to the surrounding walls, leaving the place where the scaffolding is connected, and after the attachment is finished, the scaffolding is released, the scaffolding is removed, and then the tiles are left on the remaining wall (where the scaffolding existed). The method of sticking is adopted. In the case of the large-sized tile attaching method, there is a problem that the tile attaching operation is troublesome and troublesome, but the actual situation is that such a procedure must be taken. However, in the case of a super large tile having a size of, for example, a length of 3000 mm × a width of 1500 mm, the existing scaffold connection provided in advance may be hidden behind the tile unit 1 and cannot be used. Cannot be taken.

  Therefore, in the tile outer wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment, when the existing scaffolding connection becomes an obstacle, the position corresponding to the position of the joint of the tile as described above, for example, is removed after removing the disturbing scaffolding connection. In order to connect the scaffolding, a new scaffolding connection is installed. For example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the anchor 53 is hit at a position where the scaffolding joint 50 positioned in accordance with the joint position of the tile unit 1 is attached, and the fastener fitting 55 is attached with the anchor bolt 54.

  Next, the scaffolding arm 57 is connected to the fastener metal fitting 55 by the fastening bolt 56 so as to be turnable. That is, the scaffolding arm 57 is attached to the joint 16 first. Then, in order to easily perform the above-described anchor 53 driving operation and fastener metal fitting 55 mounting operation, the tile unit 1 once removed from the base hardware 29 is again placed on the base hardware 29 and necessary. Accordingly, the second protrusion 21 of the upper collar 4 is fastened to the secondary bracket 31 after positioning or unevenness adjustment is performed. Next, the scaffolding arm 57 is swung to jump out of the tile 2 from between the joints 16 of the tile unit 1 through the elongated windows 51 and 52 of the second protrusion 21 and the first protrusion 20. A scaffolding fitting 58 is detachably attached to the tip of the scaffolding arm 57 with a fastening bolt 59, and a scaffold (not shown) is connected to the wall 28 via the scaffolding fitting 58. The scaffold not shown and the scaffold joint 58 are connected by a scaffold bolt 60. Thus, a scaffold (not shown) and the wall 28 of the building frame are connected to each other via the scaffold connecting arm 57 that appears and disappears at the joint 16 of the tile unit 1.

  The installation of the scaffolding 50 is not necessarily based on the above-described procedure for determining the joint position after the tile unit 1 is placed on the base metal piece 29, and a marking line indicating the mounting position of the primary bracket 30 is provided. It is also possible to mark the position where the anchor 53 is driven in advance as a reference, and attach the anchor 53, the fastener fitting 55, and the scaffolding arm 57 in advance before placing the tile unit 1. In this case, the second protrusion 21 and the secondary bracket 31 that have been temporarily fixed for various adjustments do not require a step of once being removed. It can be tightened to complete fastening.

  It should be noted that the tile unit 1 is attached to the underlying metal fixture 29 before the tile unit 6 on the side to which the tile unit 1 is connected, for example, in the case of this embodiment where the horizontal connection direction is developed from right to left. A joint cover 17 is attached to the downpipe with screws or the like in advance. In addition, tile peeling prevention blocks 15 are attached to both ends or one end of the upper side 4a of the upper collar 4 of the tile unit 1. Although it is desirable that the tile peeling prevention block 15 is disposed so as to hang on the corners or edges of all the tile units 1, it is not necessary to attach and support the frame 3 of all the tile units 1.

  The above operations are repeated to sequentially install the tile units 1 from the bottom to the top and further in the horizontal direction. When the tile unit 1 is installed up to the top level, the next row of tile units 1 is pasted to the left side of the horizontal row, for example, the wall. Repeat this to expand the connection in the horizontal direction. At this time, the tip of the vertical joint cover 17 fixed in advance to the left vertical rod 6 of the tile unit 1 previously attached to the wall with a screw or the like is the right vertical rod 6 of the tile unit 1 to be fixed. It is arranged to overlap. As a result, the vertical joint cover 17 is disposed at the joint 16 between the adjacent tile units 1, and is hidden so that the back wall surface cannot be seen from the joint 16 between the left and right tile units 1. Moreover, most of the tile unit 1 can be suspended without being constrained to form a wall surface.

  After the attachment of the tile unit 1 to the wall 28 is completed, the scaffold connecting arm 57 from which the scaffold is cut off is turned to the wall 28 side of the building frame and hidden behind the joint 16 as the scaffold is disassembled. .

  The tile exterior constructed in the above manner is fixed to the wall 28 of the building frame by fixing the upper collar 4 portion of the frame 3 to the wall 28 of the building frame via the foundation hardware 29 (secondary bracket 31 and primary bracket 30). The mounting structure can be suspended from the hardware 29. That is, in the tile unit 1, only the second protrusion 21 of the upper collar 4 is fastened to the C-shaped channel portion 37 of the secondary bracket 31, and the bottom portion of the secondary bracket 31 is connected via the two unevenness adjusting bolts 19. It is placed on the plate 33 and the primary bracket 30. On the other hand, the part of the lower ridge 5 of the framework 3 is fixed to the primary bracket 30 in the first ridge 20 of the upper ridge 4 of the other tile unit 1 one step below or the tile unit 1 in the lowest step. The engagement recess 22 is engaged with the plate 39, so that the movement is restrained only when the plate 39 swings in the exit / exit direction beyond a certain amplitude. That is, the swinging of the lower rod 5 is suppressed from being amplified within a certain range by the first protrusion 20 or the locking plate 39 of the upper rod 4 of the other lower tile unit 1. Further, the left and right tile units 1 are not connected to each other, and are fixed to the wall 28 of the building frame only by the upper wall 4 through the base metal 29.

  Therefore, the tile unit 1 is free from stress and deformation applied to the wall 28 of the building frame when exposed to an earthquake or a storm. In addition, since the center of gravity is below the fulcrum (the installation point of the non-land adjustment bolt 19 and the secondary bracket 31), it is difficult to drop and is stably supported. For this reason, the tile 2 is not damaged and falls off. In addition, for example, when a strong roll at the time of an earthquake is applied, the tile unit 1 does not swing and moves horizontally horizontally along with the building frame. And since the tile unit 1 slides to the left and right as a whole, if there is no collision between the tiles, excessive distortion, stress and shearing force are less likely to act on the tiles. Less likely to fall. Moreover, since the space | interval of the joint 16 is not fluctuate | varied and it is kept constant, the joint 16 can be made thin as needed. For example, the tile arrangement can be smart and neat by setting it to about 10 mm or 10 mm. In addition, since the joint 16 is shielded by the vertical joint cover 17 and the first protrusions 20 that are arranged in the back, it gives a deep and three-dimensional impression and further enhances the beauty of the tile exterior.

  The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 tile unit 2 tile (extra large tile)
3 Frame 4 Upper ridge 5 Lower ridge 6 Longitudinal ridge 9 Tile adhesive surface 10 Elastic adhesive 15 Tile peeling prevention block 16 Joint 17 Vertical joint cover 18 Support plate 19 Uneven adjustment bolt 20 First protrusion 21 Second protrusion Article 22 Locking recess

Claims (7)

Comprising a tile and a framework for supporting the tile from the back side;
The tile and the framework are unitized as a composite panel by applying an adhesive to the surface of the framework facing the tile and bonding the tile.
The frame has a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a non-land adjustment bolt that protrudes and protrudes in the vertical direction to adjust unevenness, and is placed and fixed on a base metal on the building frame side. Engaging recesses that are engaged with the first protrusions of other units that are not fixed to the building frame and are not fixed to the building frame, and are restricted from moving toward and away from the wall of the building frame And having a lower arm
The upper hook is placed on the base metal and the second protrusion is attached to the base metal and is suspended, while the lower hook is engaged with the first protrusion of the lower tile. Thus, the tile unit is attached so that the tile unit can be moved horizontally and swingable slightly forward and backward.   Tile exfoliation prevention which is arranged in front of at least one of the other tile units arranged at the upper stage on at least one of both ends of the upper side of the tile unit to prevent the exfoliation of the tiles of the other tile unit. The tile unit according to claim 1, further comprising a block.   3. A vertical joint cover is provided on a vertical hook on the lateral connection direction side of the frame, and a free end of the vertical joint cover is arranged so as to overlap a vertical hook of another tile unit arranged horizontally. The tile unit described. Preparing a tile unit according to claim 1;
Fixing the base hardware on which the height level and the positioning in the direction of entering and exiting are fixed to the wall of the building chapel;
The upper ridge portion of the tile of the tile unit is placed on the base hardware and suspended, and the lower ridge portion is the first ridge of the other tile unit on the lower stage or the wall surface of the building frame And fitting to a locking plate held at a fixed position from, and adjusting the unevenness as necessary, and fixing the upper collar to the base metal hardware,
A method for constructing an outer wall surface of a tile, wherein the outer wall is constructed by fixing the tile unit from the bottom to the top and further in the horizontal direction and fixing the tile unit to the building frame via the base metal.   The base hardware consists of a primary bracket that is directly fixed to the wall of the building drive, and a secondary bracket that is mounted on the primary bracket and fixed so as to be adjustable and movable in and out of the tile unit. The tile outer wall surface construction method according to claim 4, wherein a height level is output by the primary bracket, and positioning in an access direction is set by the secondary bracket.   A tile peeling prevention block that is arranged in front of the tile unit and prevents the tile of the upper tile unit from being peeled is disposed at a joint between the tile unit at the other four corners of the tile unit. The tile outer wall surface construction method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that:   A vertical joint cover is provided between the tile units adjacent to each other, and the vertical joint cover is connected to the other tile unit of the tile unit that is first attached to the wall of the building frame. The vertical joint is provided on the side downboard, and the vertical joint cover is arranged so as to overlap the downside of another tile unit to be attached to the wall of the building frame later. The tile exterior wall construction method described in 1.

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