JP2018007818A - Hospital fire extinguishing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hospital fire extinguishing system that does not discharge water even when a sprinkler head is broken.SOLUTION: A hospital fire extinguishing system 1 comprises: a negative-pressure sprinkler system 100 which has a sprinkler head 103 and sprinkler piping 102 to supply water to the sprinkler head 103, where the sprinkler piping 102 is ordinarily kept in a negative-pressure state; negative-pressure piping 201 to supply a negative pressure used within the hospital; and a negative-pressure pump 204, which produces negative pressure in the sprinkler piping 102 and the negative-pressure piping 201.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hospital fire extinguishing system.

  Conventionally, wet pressure sprinkler systems have been used as fire extinguishing systems in hospitals. A wet sprinkler is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3264939.

Japanese Patent No. 3264939

  The conventional sprinkler system has a problem that water is discharged from the sprinkler head when the sprinkler head fails. Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a hospital fire extinguishing system in which water is not discharged when a sprinkler head is damaged.

  A hospital fire extinguishing system according to the present invention includes a sprinkler head and a sprinkler pipe for supplying water to the sprinkler head, and the sprinkler pipe is maintained in a negative pressure state in a normal state. And a negative pressure pipe for supplying negative pressure used in the hospital, and a negative pressure device for supplying negative pressure to the sprinkler pipe and the negative pressure pipe. The normal state refers to a normal state where no fire has occurred.

  Since the hospital fire extinguishing system configured as described above uses a negative pressure sprinkler system, even if the sprinkler head is damaged, water is not discharged from the sprinkler head. When water is released from the ceiling in a hospital, the patient may mistake the water as medical drainage. Medical drainage is harmful to the human body because it may contain pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Such misidentification is a serious problem for hospitals. When such rumors spread, reputational damage will occur.

  On the other hand, if the sprinkler head is damaged in the negative pressure sprinkler system, the damaged sprinkler head sucks in air and generates a suction sound, but water is not discharged. In general, negative pressure pipes are stretched around hospitals, and since suction and other operations are performed using negative pressure, air suction sounds are generated throughout the hospital. Even if a suction sound is generated from a damaged sprinkler head, it is a sound generated throughout the hospital and the patient does not feel anxious.

  Preferably, the hospital fire extinguishing system further includes a connection pipe provided in a section of the hospital and connecting the sprinkler pipe and the negative pressure pipe. In this case, a negative pressure sprinkler system can be realized simply by connecting the sprinkler pipe and the negative pressure pipe in a certain section.

  Preferably, the sprinkler pipe is normally filled with water and maintained in a negative pressure state. In this case, water can be discharged from the sprinkler head immediately in the event of a fire.

  Preferably, the sprinkler pipe is normally not filled with water and kept in a negative pressure state. In this case, even if a plurality of sprinkler heads are damaged, water is not discharged from the sprinkler heads.

  Preferably, the sprinkler head is installed in a compartment where the temperature is kept above 0 ° C.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hospital fire extinguishing system in which water is not discharged from the sprinkler head even when the sprinkler head is damaged.

1 is a schematic diagram of a hospital fire extinguishing system according to Embodiment 1. FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
(Configuration of hospital fire extinguishing system)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hospital fire extinguishing system according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a hospital fire extinguishing system 1 is provided in a hospital building 10. The building 10 includes a first section 11 that is a lower floor and a second section that is an upper floor.

  The negative pressure sprinkler system 100 includes a primary pipe 101, a secondary pipe 102 connected to the primary pipe 101, a sprinkler head 103 provided in the secondary pipe 102, and a boundary between the primary pipe 101 and the secondary pipe 102. A valve 105 and a water pump 106 for sending water to the primary pipe 101 are provided.

  The primary pipe 101 is filled with water. This water is pressurized by the water pump 106. Water is supplied to the water pump 106 from a fire extinguishing water tank (not shown). Water may be supplied from the elevated water tank on the top floor of the building 10 to the water pump 106.

  The primary pipe 101 rises vertically from the water pump 106 to the top of the building 10 and is branched at each floor. Although the two-story building 10 is described in this embodiment, the floor of the building 10 is not limited to the second floor.

  The water in the primary pipe 101 is stopped by a valve 105, and the water in the primary pipe 101 is sent to the secondary pipe 102 by opening the valve 105. Opening and closing of the valve 105 is controlled by the computer 302.

  The secondary pipe 102 is connected to the valve 105. The secondary pipe 102 is arranged in the second section 12. In this embodiment, an example in which the valve 105 is arranged in the second compartment 12 is shown, but the valve 105 may be arranged in the first compartment 11.

  The secondary pipe 102 is arranged on the ceiling of the second section 12. The secondary pipe 102 is provided with a plurality of sprinkler heads 103. The number of sprinkler heads 103 is determined by the width of the second section 12.

  In this embodiment, an example in which the sprinkler head 103 is provided in the second section 12 is shown, but the secondary pipe 102 and the sprinkler head 103 may be disposed in the first section 11.

  The sprinkler head 103 is a closed sprinkler head, and is provided with a plurality of holes for discharging water. The sprinkler head 103 has a thermal mechanism (soluble metal piece). Under normal conditions, the sprinkler head 103 is shielded between the hole for discharging water and the primary pipe 101. When the heat sensitive mechanism is melted by the flame at the time of fire, the interruption is opened and water is discharged from the hole of the sprinkler head 103 via the primary pipe 101.

  The negative pressure system 200 includes a negative pressure pipe 201, a negative pressure pump 204 that makes negative pressure in the negative pressure pipe 201, an outlet 203 connected to the negative pressure pipe 201, a negative pressure pipe 201, and a secondary pipe 102. And a connecting pipe 205 for connecting the two.

  The negative pressure pump 204 is provided in the first section 11 to generate a negative pressure. The negative pressure pump 204 is constituted by a vacuum pump. In this embodiment, the water pump 106 and the negative pressure pump 204 are installed in the same first section 11, but they may be provided in different sections.

  The negative pressure pump 204 (suction pump) may be composed of a main machine and a spare machine. In this case, the entire hospital can be used even at the time of breakdown and maintenance. These are collected by a suction filter so that the air containing the aspirated bacteria and bacteria does not pollute the atmosphere.

  The negative pressure pipe 201 connected to the negative pressure pump 204 rises vertically from the negative pressure pump 204 to the top floor of the building 10 and is branched at each floor. In each floor, the negative pressure pipe 201 is branched and the negative pressure pipe 201 is stretched around each room.

  The hospital building 10 has sections (rooms) such as a hospital room, a staff station, a common section, and an operating room, and the negative pressure pipe 201 reaches each section. In hospital rooms and operating rooms, for example, negative pressure is used to suck the patient's sputum. In the staff station and the common part, a negative pressure pipe 201 is connected to a pressure monitor that monitors whether negative pressure is generated.

  The outlet 203 is provided in the second section 12. A negative pressure pipe 201 is connected to the outlet 203.

  An outlet for medical gas such as oxygen, laughing gas, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide may be provided adjacent to the outlet 203 for suction. These pipes can be centrally maintained (central piping), so that maintenance can be centralized, and the pipes on the back and ceiling of the wall can be used effectively, and are hygienic and economical. .

  The negative pressure pipe 201 and the secondary pipe 102 are connected by a connecting pipe 205. The connection pipe 205 and the secondary pipe 102 are connected at a connection point 202. Thereby, in the normal state, the inside of the secondary pipe 102 is set to a negative pressure.

  Under normal conditions, the inside of the secondary pipe 102 is set to a negative pressure, and there is no water. By setting the negative pressure, water can be prevented from staying in the secondary pipe 102. Even if water stays in the secondary pipe 102, the boiling point of water becomes low under negative pressure. Therefore, the water in the secondary pipe 102 boils and is sucked by the negative pressure pump 204 through the connection pipe 205.

  The detection system 300 includes a fire detector 301 and a computer 302. When a fire occurs in the second section 12, the fire detector 301 detects the heat or smoke. The computer 302 and the valve 105 are connected by a signal line 311. The computer 302 and the water pump 106 are connected by a signal line 312.

  The hospital fire extinguishing system 1 has a sprinkler head 103 and a secondary pipe 102 as a sprinkler pipe for supplying water to the sprinkler head 103, and the secondary pipe 102 is maintained in a negative pressure state in a normal state. Negative pressure sprinkler system 100, negative pressure pipe 201 for supplying negative pressure used in the hospital, and negative pressure as a negative pressure device for supplying negative pressure to secondary pipe 102 and negative pressure pipe 201. And a pressure pump 204. The hospital fire extinguishing system 1 further includes a connecting pipe 205 provided in the second section 12 of the hospital and connecting the secondary pipe 102 and the negative pressure pipe 201. The negative pressure pipe 201 is normally not filled with water and is kept in a negative pressure state. A sprinkler head 103 is installed in the second section 12 where the temperature is kept above 0 ° C. The negative pressure sprinkler system 100 is a dry negative pressure sprinkler system.

(Operation of hospital fire extinguishing system)
When a fire occurs in the second section 12, the fire detector 301 detects heat or smoke from the fire. The detected information is sent from the fire detector 301 to the computer 302. Computer 302 provides a signal to valve 105 to open valve 105. The computer 302 drives the water pump 106 or increases the driving force of the water pump 106. As a result, water is filled into the secondary pipe 102, which is normally in a negative pressure state without water.

  The heat from the fire melts the thermal mechanism of the sprinkler head 103. Thereby, the water discharge hole of the sprinkler head 103 and the secondary pipe 102 are connected. Water is discharged from the water discharge hole of the sprinkler head 103 to extinguish the fire.

(effect)
In the hospital fire extinguishing system 1 configured as described above, the negative pressure pump 204 is a suction pump and also a pump that makes the secondary pipe 102 have a negative pressure. Since the suction pump is originally provided in the hospital, the pressure in the secondary pipe 102 can be made negative without adding new equipment.

  Under normal conditions, when the sprinkler head 103 is damaged and the water discharge hole communicates with the secondary pipe 102, the hole sucks air in the second section 12 to generate sound. In hospitals, suction and other operations are performed using negative pressure, so air suction sounds are generated throughout the hospital. Even if a suction sound is generated from the damaged sprinkler head 103, it is a sound generated throughout the hospital and the patient does not feel uneasy.

  The connecting pipe 205 is provided in the second section 12 in which the negative pressure pipe 201 and the secondary pipe 102 are provided. Therefore, the negative pressure pipe 201 and the connecting pipe 205 of the secondary pipe 102 can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, in comparison with the dry sprinkler system (pre-actuated sprinkler system) in which the secondary pipe is normally under normal pressure, the negative pressure sprinkler system 100 (hospital fire extinguishing system 1) according to the first embodiment has the following effects. There is. In the normal pressure dry sprinkler system, the pump is activated in the event of a fire and the secondary pipe is filled with water. At this time, the air in the secondary pipe is compressed with water, making it smooth (in a short time). The secondary pipe is not filled with water. On the other hand, in the negative pressure sprinkler system 100, since the inside of the secondary pipe 102 has a negative pressure, the secondary pipe 102 is smoothly filled with water. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem that water spraying from the sprinkler head is delayed, which is a drawback of the conventional dry sprinkler (pre-actuated sprinkler).

(Embodiment 2)
In the hospital fire extinguishing system 1 according to the second embodiment, the negative pressure pipe 201 is normally filled with water and kept in a negative pressure state. Other configurations are common to the hospital fire extinguishing system 1 of the first embodiment.

  That is, the negative pressure sprinkler system 100 according to the second embodiment is a wet negative pressure sprinkler system. Since the pressure in the negative pressure pipe 201 is low, the water in the negative pressure pipe 201 easily evaporates. When the water in the negative pressure pipe 201 evaporates and decreases, a system for replenishing the reduced water is employed. For example, if the water in the negative pressure pipe 201 decreases, the sensor detects the decrease in water, and the sensor sends a signal to the computer 302. The computer 302 opens the valve 105 a little to replenish water in the negative pressure pipe 201. May be.

  Assume that one sprinkler head 103 is damaged. In this case, since the suction force by the connection pipe 205 is stronger than the force for water to leak from the damaged sprinkler head 103, water is not discharged from the damaged sprinkler head 103. When a large number of sprinkler heads 103 are damaged at the same time, water is discharged from the damaged sprinkler head 103, but the possibility that a large number of sprinkler heads 103 are damaged at the same time is extremely low.

  The embodiments and examples disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and should not be construed as being restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above-described embodiment but by the scope of claims, and is intended to include meanings equivalent to the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope.

  The present invention can be used in the field of hospital fire extinguishing systems.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hospital fire extinguishing system, 10 building, 11 1st division, 12 2nd division, 100 negative pressure sprinkler system, 101 primary piping, 102 secondary piping, 103 sprinkler head, 105 valve, 106 water pump, 200 negative pressure system, 201 negative pressure pipe, 202 connection point, 203 outlet, 204 negative pressure pump, 205 connection pipe, 300 detection system, 301 fire detector, 302 computer, 311, 312 signal line.

Claims (5)

A hospital fire extinguishing system,
A negative pressure sprinkler system having a sprinkler head and a sprinkler pipe for supplying water to the sprinkler head, wherein the sprinkler pipe is maintained in a negative pressure state in a normal state;
Negative pressure piping for supplying negative pressure used in the hospital;
A hospital fire extinguishing system, comprising a sprinkler pipe and a negative pressure device for supplying negative pressure to the negative pressure pipe.   The hospital fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, further comprising a connection pipe provided in a section of the hospital and connecting the sprinkler pipe and the negative pressure pipe.   The hospital fire extinguishing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sprinkler pipe is normally filled with water and maintained in a negative pressure state.   The fire extinguishing system for a hospital according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sprinkler pipe is normally not filled with water and maintained in a negative pressure state.   The hospital fire extinguishing system according to claim 4, wherein the sprinkler head is installed in a compartment where the temperature is maintained above 0 ° C.

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