JP2018003412A - Shield excavator having replaceable tail seal, and tail seal replacement method for shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield excavator and a tail seal replacement method that enable efficient replacement work, ensure water cut-off performance of the tail seal that is not replaced without peeling, and enable a tail seal on a rearmost row to be replaced.SOLUTION: A shield excavator 10 has a replaceable tail seal 30 on an inner peripheral surface of a skin plate 13. The shield excavator 10 includes a guide rail 32 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 and enabling the tail seal 30 to be fitted slidably, and a plurality of tail seals 31 fitted slidably on the guide rail 32. With the shield excavator 10, the guide rail 32 is provided in a spiral form on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a replaceable tail seal in a shield machine and a replacement method thereof.

  A tail seal is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate of the shield machine so that ground water, earth and sand, etc. outside the tunnel do not enter through between the skin plate and the assembled segment.

  In recent years, the shield method often requires long-distance construction. One of the problems in the long distance construction of the shield method is the problem of wear and wear of the tail seal. When the water stoppage is lowered due to the wear and wear of the tail seal, groundwater, earth and sand, etc. enter the shield machine and lead to deformation of the ground surface. In addition, in construction under high water pressure and the like, sudden intrusion of a large amount of groundwater and earth and sand into a shield machine may lead to submergence in the mine or depression of the ground surface.

  As a countermeasure for the wear and wear of the tail seal, the tail seal can be replaced. As prior art 1 for exchanging the tail seal, there is one as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, this shield machine 100 has a front cylinder 101 and a rear cylinder 102, and tail seals 105, 106 are arranged in the axial direction of the shield machine on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 103 of the rear cylinder. A plurality of rows (two rows in the figure) are provided. As shown in FIG. 9B, the shield machine 100 is advanced until the tail seal 105 other than the last row is exposed from the segment 200 by the shield jack 104. At this time, since the tail seal 106 in the last row functions in contact with the segment 200, groundwater, earth and sand, etc. do not enter the shield machine 100. The tail seals 105 other than the exposed last row are removed from the skin plate 103, and a new tail seal is attached.

The tail seals 106 in the last row are more damaged than the other row tail seals, such as wear and wear, adhesion of backfilling material, and the like, and are most likely to be replaced. However, in the prior art 1, the tail seal 106 in the last row cannot be replaced.
During the replacement work of the tail seals 105 other than the last row, the waterproofness is secured only by the tail seals 106 of the last row having a large damage. Further, the tail grease 107 is filled between the tail seals in the adjacent rows to improve the water-stopping performance. At the time of this replacement operation, the tail seal 106 in the last row and the tail seal 105 in the front row are Since the tail grease 107 is also removed, a more dangerous state can be obtained.
This replacement work itself is time consuming. For example, it takes about one month in the middle of a shield machine outside diameter of 3 to 5 m. Also, depending on the situation, it is necessary to improve the surrounding ground, which further increases the work period and cost.

  As the prior art 2 in which the tail seals in the last row can be exchanged, there is one as disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this case, a tail brush is attached so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the shield machine. When exchanging the tail brushes arranged in the last row, a new tail brush is arranged at the exchanging part at the front part in the axial direction of the shield machine. Then, the new tail brush is pushed out in the axial direction of the shield machine by a jack, and the tail brush in the last row is discarded.

JP 2002-021486 A

  In the prior art 2, the tail seal in the last row can be replaced. However, when pushing a new tail seal, it is necessary to place a new tail seal all around the skin plate and push them out simultaneously. In this case, it is necessary to take measures such as providing a plurality of jacks and synchronizing them, and it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the control. If the accuracy of the synchronization control is low, a force is applied to a part of the tail seal in the entire circumference, and the tail seal may be deformed at that part, and the water stoppage may be lowered.

  A tail brush is usually used for the tail seal. The tail brush has a shape in which a brush portion that abuts on a segment from a base portion attached to the skin plate is inclined toward the segment direction. Therefore, as in the prior art 2, when the tail brush is pushed out from the front, the inclined brush portion comes into contact with the segment, which is a great resistance to the pushing work. And since it pushes out against this resistance, there exists a possibility that the inclined brush part may turn over in the front direction of a shield machine. When this phenomenon of turning forward occurs in a tail brush other than the last row that is not discarded, not only the water stoppage but also the forward movement of the shield machine can be hindered.

  Accordingly, in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is that the replacement work is efficient, the tail seals that are not replaced are not turned over, and water sealing is ensured, and the tail seals in the last row can be replaced. It is to provide a shield excavator and a tail seal replacement method.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a shield machine having a replaceable tail seal on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate, wherein the shield machine is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate, and the tail seal And a plurality of tail seals slidably attached to the guide rail, and the guide rail is provided in a spiral shape on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate. It is a shield machine that is characterized by being.

  In the invention according to claim 2 of the present application, the guide rail is provided in a spiral shape so as to make at least one round of the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate, and a tail seal and a tail seal arranged in the axial direction of the shield machine The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a member between tail seals is provided between the two.

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present application is characterized in that the member between the tail seals is integrally extended from at least one tail seal among the plurality of tail seals from the rear side in the shield machine direction. Item 3. A shield machine according to item 2.

  The invention according to claim 4 of the present application is the shield machine according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the member between the tail seals includes a water-expandable seal material.

  The invention according to claim 5 of the present application is the tail seal replacement method for a shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tail seal attached to the start point of the guide rail is in the end direction. The tail seal attached to the end point of the guide rail is pushed out of the guide rail by moving the guide rail to the tail seal replacement method for the shield machine.

  With the configuration according to claims 1 to 5, the shield excavator and the replacement of the tail seal in which the replacement work is efficient, the water seal is secured without turning over the tail seal that is not replaced, and the tail seal in the last row can be replaced. The method can be realized.

It is explanatory drawing of the shield machine in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the back trunk of the shield machine in embodiment of this invention. It is an AA longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rear trunk of the shield machine in the embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view in FIG. It is a perspective view of the back trunk of a shield machine in an embodiment of the invention. It is a perspective view of a tail seal in an embodiment of the invention. It is a perspective view of a tail seal in an embodiment of the invention. It is an enlarged view in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of replacement | exchange of a tail seal of a prior art.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, although embodiment is an illustration and may show a dimension value, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to the said dimension value, and is not limited to embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 10 has a front barrel 11 and a rear barrel 12. A segment 20 serving as a tunnel structure is assembled in the interior of the rear body 12 surrounded by the skin plate 13 of the shield machine 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the tail seal 30 is disposed between the skin plate 13 and the segment 20 in a spiral shape as a whole.

The tail seal 30 is formed by slidably engaging and arranging a plurality of unit tail seals 31 on a guide rail 32 formed in a spiral shape on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13. This spiral shape is a linear shape in which the position in the axial direction of the shield machine 10 moves rearward as it goes around the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 starting from the front side of the shield machine 10. . The unit tail seals 31 arranged until the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 makes one round correspond to the tail seals 30 in a row.
In the present embodiment, the unit tail seals 31 are arranged until the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 has just turned twice, and two rows of tail seals 30 are formed.
In the present embodiment, the unit tail seals 31 arranged in a spiral shape are arranged in order 31-1, 31-2, 31-3, ..., 31-n-2, 31- from the start point to the end point. Symbols n-1 and 31-n are given.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the unit tail seal 31 is of a brush type. The shape of the unit tail seal 31 is basically the same as that of a general tail brush, and has a brush part 31a and a base part 31b. The unit tail seal 31 exhibits water-stopping performance by elastically contacting the segment 20 from the tip of the brush part 31a to the base part 31b side.
The unit tail seal 31 is curved along the inner peripheral surface direction of the skin plate 13. The length of the unit tail seal 31 in the inner peripheral direction of the skin plate 13 is set to about 500 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the base portion 31b of the unit tail seal 31 has a front engagement portion 31c and a rear engagement portion 31d on the front side and the rear side. The front engaging portion 31c and the rear engaging portion 31d are slidably engaged with a front guide rail 32a and a rear guide rail 32b of a guide rail 32 described later. In the present embodiment, the front engagement portion 31c is formed at the front end portion of the base portion 31b. The rear engaging portion 31d is formed by extending from the rear end portion of the base portion 31b. The base portion 31b, the front side engaging portion 31c, and the rear side engaging portion 31d may be provided as separate members, or may be integrally formed.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the rear engaging portion 31d is lower in height than the front engaging portion 31c. This is because the water-swellable sealing material 33 of the tail seal inter-member described later is used. It is to be installed.

  The guide rail 32 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 in order to arrange the plurality of unit tail seals 31 in a spiral shape. In the present embodiment, since two rows of tail seals 30 are formed, they are arranged in a spiral shape so that the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 is exactly two rounds. The start point is from the point corresponding to the unit tail seal 31-1 disposed at the spiral start point, and the end point is from the point corresponding to the unit tail seal 31-n disposed at the spiral end point. Yes.

  The guide rail 32 includes a front guide rail 32a and a rear guide rail 32b. The front guide rail 32 a has a shape that regulates the movement of the front engagement portion 31 c of the unit tail seal 31 in the front direction and the direction away from the skin plate 13. The rear guide rail 32 b has a shape that regulates movement in the rear direction of the rear engagement portion 31 d of the unit tail seal 31 and the direction away from the skin plate 13. The unit tail seal 31 is slidably engaged with a groove formed by the front guide rail 32a, the rear guide rail 32b, and the skin plate 13.

  In order to enable sliding with the unit tail seal 31 and the guide rail 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 when the tail seal 30 is replaced, a means for reducing friction may be further provided. , A bearing, a roller, etc. are included. In addition, grease or the like may be filled between the groove formed by the front guide rail 32a, the rear guide rail 32b, and the skin plate 13 and the unit tail seal 31 to improve the water stoppage.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the rear guide rail 32b is lower in height than the front guide rail 32a. This is the height of the front engagement portion 31c and the rear engagement portion 31d. This is because the water-expandable sealing material 33 of the tail seal inter-member described later is attached in the same manner as in the above relationship.

A method for replacing the tail seal 30 according to the present embodiment will be described below. In the drawing, the shield jack is omitted.
The shield machine 10 is advanced by extending the shield jack while rotating the cutter head of the shield machine 10 to excavate the ground. Next, the segment 20 is assembled in a ring shape inside the skin plate 13 of the rear trunk 12 while appropriately reducing the shield jack of the shield machine 10. Repeating these steps is the basic shield construction process.

If it is necessary to replace the tail seal 30 such that the shield machine 10 reaches a predetermined distance, the shield machine 10 is stopped.
The replacement method of the tail seal 30 is that the unit tail seal 31-1 arranged at the start point of the tail seal 30 arranged in a spiral shape is pushed and slid by the new unit tail seal 31-0 and arranged at the spiral end point. The unit tail seal 31-n is pushed out.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the new unit tail seal 31-0 is brought into contact with the unit tail seal 31-1 disposed at the spiral starting point, and the front engagement portion 31c and the rear engagement portion 31d are brought into contact with each other. Are engaged with the front guide rail 32a and the rear guide rail 32b, respectively, and inserted to the position of the unit tail seal 31-1 disposed at the starting point. By this insertion, the unit tail seal 31-1 disposed at the start point moves to the position of the unit tail seal 31-2 disposed adjacent thereto. This insertion is performed by arranging a jack (not shown) in the circumferential direction of the skin plate 13 and extending the jack.
Note that a new unit tail seal 31-0 may be inserted after the unit tail seal 31-1 disposed at the starting point is directly pushed by a jack and moved.

  A new unit tail seal 31 is inserted at the start point, and each unit tail seal 31 arranged in a spiral shape slides along the guide rail 32 in the end point direction. Then, the unit tail seal 31-n arranged at the end point is detached from the shield machine 10 by detaching from the end of the guide rail 32.

  By repeating this process as many times as necessary, the worn unit tail seal 31 is replaced with a new unit tail seal 31. Regarding the required number, for example, when only one row of the last row is exchanged, a new unit tail seal 31 may be prepared for one row (one week on the inner circumference of the skin plate 13) and inserted in order. When exchanging two rows, two new unit tail seals 31 are prepared and inserted.

  According to such a tail seal 30, it is possible to replace the tail seal 30 in the last row where wear and loss are most predicted, and it is possible to replace it from the unit tail seal 31-n that has the longest use time.

  Further, it is possible to use only one jack for applying a force to the unit tail seal 31-1 at the starting point, and complicated control is not required as compared with the case where a plurality of jacks are provided. Alternatively, even if a plurality of jacks are provided, since the range of the pressure receiving location of the unit tail seal is small, partial deformation of the unit tail seal can be prevented.

  Furthermore, since the extending direction of the brush portion 31a of the unit tail seal 31 from the base portion 31b is substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the unit tail seal 31, and is not parallel, the brush portion The tip of 31a contacts the outer peripheral surface of the segment 20 and hardly resists, and the adverse effect that the brush portion 31a is turned up does not occur.

  When the tail seal 30 is slid for replacement, there is a place where the unit tail seal 31 slides from a place where the segment 20 does not exist to a place where the segment 20 exists. In FIG. 5 thru | or FIG. 7, it is the part which moves from the unit tail seal 31-3 to the unit tail seal 31-4. In this place, the brush portion 31a of the unit tail seal 31-3 rises due to its elasticity and comes into contact with the side surface of the segment 20, which may hinder slide movement. Therefore, the brush portion 31 a of the unit tail seal 31-3 is pressed against the elasticity in the direction of the skin plate 13, and is slid and moved so as to fit between the segment 20 and the skin plate 13.

A space is generated between the rows of the spiral tail seals 30 (between the first row and the second row). Along the space, since groundwater, earth and sand, etc. enter from the outside, a member between the tail seals is arranged between the rows.
The member between the tail seals may be made of grease filling this space. However, there is a possibility that the filling operation is frequently performed due to the grease being consumed to the outside. Therefore, you may provide the water expansible sealing material 33 as a member between tail seals.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the water-expandable sealing material 33 is integrally attached to the rear side of the base portion 31b and the brush portion 31a of the unit tail seal 31, and is attached to the unit tail seal. 31 and slide together. It arrange | positions so that it may contact | abut to the front side guide rail 32a and the unit tail seal 31 of a back row so that a slide is possible.
The water-expandable sealing material 33 may be any material that can expand and close the space to ensure water-stopping. Moreover, you may use together with filling of grease. In the case of combined use, water stoppage can be secured without completely closing the space. Further, when such a water-swellable sealing material 33 is used in combination with the filled grease, there is an effect of preventing the filled grease from flowing out. If only the effect of preventing the outflow of grease is to be achieved, the water-expandable sealing material 33 is not limited as long as it has a function of serving as an outflow resistance as a simple grease outflow prevention.

  8A and 8B, the water-expandable sealing material 33 shows an image of a state before expansion. In FIGS. 2 and 5 to 7, the water-expandable sealing material 33 shows an image after being expanded. 2 and 5 to 7, the water-expandable sealing material 33 is attached over two unit tail seals 31 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the skin plate 13. In this way, the water stoppage between the two adjacent unit tail seals 31 is improved. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the unit tail seal 31 may be attached.

  The water-expandable sealing material 33 may be further provided at an interval such as being provided on one of several unit tail seals 31. By doing so, it is possible to improve the grease outflow prevention effect and water stoppage.

  Further, instead of the water-expandable sealing material 33 attached to the unit tail seal 31, a bag body that closes the space by being filled with a fluid may be attached. With such a bag body, when sliding, the resistance during the sliding operation can be lowered by discharging the filled fluid in an appropriate amount while ensuring the water-stopping property. In that case, the passage of the fluid filling the bag body is formed by penetrating the base portion 31b of the unit tail seals 31 arranged in the circumferential direction so as to open near the spiral start point. To do.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the following are included.

In this embodiment, the brush method is adopted for the tail seal, but other types may be used.
Also, the front guide rail 32a and the rear guide rail 32b are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 13 to form the guide rail 32. However, a groove may be provided in the skin plate itself to engage the tail seal so as to be slidable. good. Further, a groove may be provided on the tail seal side, and a guide rail that slidably engages with the groove may be provided on the skin plate.

  The segment that comes into contact with the tail seal when the tail seal is replaced may have a low coefficient of friction on the contact surface. For example, it is assumed that the steel segment is used instead of the RC segment, or a steel plate is attached to the back surface of the RC segment. If it does in this way, the resistance at the time of sliding a tail seal can be made small.

  Each technical matter in any embodiment may be applied to other embodiments as an example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shield machine 11 Front trunk 12 Rear trunk 13 Skin plate 20 Segment 30 Tail seal 31 Unit tail seal 31a Brush part 31b Base part 31c Front side engaging part 31d Rear side engaging part 32 Guide rail 32a Front side guide rail 32b Rear side guide Rail 33 Tail seal member (water-expandable seal material)

Claims (5)

A shield machine having a replaceable tail seal on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate,
The shield machine is
A guide rail provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate and capable of slidably mounting the tail seal;
A plurality of tail seals slidably attached to the guide rail;
With
The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is spirally provided on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate. The guide rail is provided in a spiral shape that makes at least one round of the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate,
The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a tail seal inter-member is provided between the tail seals arranged in the axial direction of the shield machine.   3. The shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the tail seal inter-member is integrally extended from at least one tail seal among the plurality of tail seals from a rear side in the shield machine axis direction.   The shield machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the tail seal member includes a water-expandable seal material. A tail seal replacement method for a shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The tail seal attached to the start point of the guide rail is moved in the direction of the end point to push out the tail seal attached to the end point of the guide rail from the guide rail. method of exchange.

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