JP2018001809A - Opening/closing structure for vehicle back door - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a lock mechanism, of an opening/closing body, for a back door from entering a half-closed state when the back door is fully opened while the opening/closing body provided for the back door is fully open.SOLUTION: A first back door 3 is opened/closed with respect to an opening 1a of a vehicle body 1, and a second back door 5 is opened/closed with respect to a back door opening 3a of the first back door 3. When the first back door 3 is brought into a fully open position after the second back door 5 is brought into a fully open position from both the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 are in respective fully closed positions, a lock mechanism 39 between the first back door 3 and second back door 5 is prevented from entering a primary lock position provided for a half-closed state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicular back door opening / closing structure in which an opening / closing body is provided on a back door provided at a rear portion of a vehicle body.

  Patent Document 1 discloses that a glass hatch is provided in an opening provided in a vehicle back door so as to be freely opened and closed. In this case, when the glass door is fully opened and the back door is fully opened, the glass hatch is sucked into the back door from the fully opened state and is closed with respect to the back door.

Japanese Patent No. 3414223

  By the way, the vehicle door is provided with a normal primary lock position (half-closed (half-door) state) and a main lock position (fully closed state where the door is completely closed) as a lock mechanism. A relatively small force is required to reach the primary lock position, and a relatively large force is required to reach the main lock position. Here, it is assumed that the glass hatch described above has a primary lock position and a main lock position as a lock mechanism for the back door.

  In this case, when the glass hatch is fully opened as described above, the primary lock that locks with a relatively small force is activated and locked when sucked into the back door that is moving in the fully opened direction and closed. However, the main lock that requires a larger force does not operate and may not be fully closed. When the fully opened back door is closed in this state, the half-closed glass hatch moves together with the back door so that the operator can move the half-closed glass hatch to the fully closed state. There is a possibility of misunderstanding.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to prevent the locking mechanism of the opening / closing body with respect to the back door from being semi-closed when the opening / closing body provided on the back door is fully opened.

  According to the present invention, a lock mechanism that locks the open / close body with respect to the back door has a primary lock position and a main lock position that is locked with a larger force than when the primary lock position is reached. When the open / close body is in the fully open position and the back door is in the fully open position, the lock mechanism is held in the unlocked state before the primary lock position.

  According to the present invention, the operator can more reliably recognize that the opening / closing body is in the open state with respect to the back door, and the possibility of mistaking the half-closed opening / closing body as the fully closed state is reduced.

1 is a perspective view of a rear portion of an automobile provided with a vehicular back door opening / closing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which opened the 2nd back door with respect to FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which opened the 1st back door with respect to FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the periphery of a gas stay and a hinge mechanism in a state where only a second back door is opened as in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the vicinity of the gas stay and the hinge mechanism in a state where both the first back door and the second back door are opened as in FIG. 3. It is a side view in the state corresponding to FIG. 6 is a side view in a state corresponding to FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the hinge mechanism of the vehicle width direction left side. It is sectional drawing of the position corresponding to the hinge mechanism in the state which both the 1st back door and the 2nd back door closed like FIG. 1, and the position corresponding to a locking mechanism. It is sectional drawing of the position corresponding to a hinge mechanism in the state which only the 2nd back door opened like FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a position corresponding to a hinge mechanism and a position corresponding to a lock mechanism in a state in which both a first back door and a second back door are open as in FIG. 3. It is the perspective view which looked at the locking mechanism in the state where both the 1st back door and the 2nd back door opened.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a rear portion of a one-box type automobile to which a vehicle back door opening / closing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. An opening 1a is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle body 1 of the automobile. As shown in FIG. 3, the opening 1a is formed in almost the entire rear portion of the vehicle body 1, and a first back door 3 as a back door is provided in the opening 1a so as to be freely opened and closed.

  The first back door 3 is provided with a back door opening 3a as shown in FIG. The back door opening 3a is formed on the upper side of the first back door 3, and a second back door 5 as an opening / closing body is provided in the back door opening 3a so as to be freely opened and closed. As shown in FIG. 9, the second back door 5 is formed with a window opening 5a, and a window glass 6 serving as a rear window is attached to the window opening 5a.

  The first back door 3 is rotatably attached to the rear end of the roof 7 in the vehicle body 1 via a hinge mechanism 9 shown in FIG. Similarly, the second back door 5 is rotatably attached to the rear end of the roof 7 via the hinge mechanism 9. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the hinge mechanism 9 is attached to a stepped portion 7 a formed lower than the upper surface of the roof 7 at the rear end of the roof 7.

  The first back door 3 is supported by the vehicle body 1 by a pair of gas stays 11 at both left and right side portions in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. 5, the gas stay 11 has one end rotatably connected to the upper portion of the vehicle body 1 via a bracket 13 and the other end closed at a substantially intermediate position in the vertical direction of the first back door 3. It is connected via a rotation. The first back door 3 is held in the fully opened state of FIGS. 3, 5, and 7 by the gas stay 11. The gas stay 11 constitutes an extendable back door support member that rotatably supports the first back door 3 with respect to the vehicle body 1.

  The second back door 5 is supported by the vehicle body 1 by a pair of gas stays 17 at both left and right sides in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the gas stay 17 has one end rotatably connected to the upper portion of the vehicle body 1 via a bracket 19 and the other end closed at a substantially intermediate position in the vertical direction of the second back door 5. It is connected via a rotation. The second back door 5 is held in the fully opened state of FIGS. 2, 4, and 6 by the gas stay 17. The gas stay 17 constitutes an extendable opening / closing body support member that rotatably supports the second back door 5 with respect to the vehicle body 1.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the gas stay 17 of the second back door 5 is positioned on the outer side in the vehicle width direction than the gas stay 11 of the first back door 3, and the brackets 19 and 21 of the gas stay 17 are also It is located on the outer side in the vehicle width direction than 15. For this reason, at least a portion of the second back door 5 to which the gas stay 17 is attached is longer in the vehicle width direction than the first back door 3, and has a shape that covers the first back door 3. .

  As shown in FIG. 8, the hinge mechanism 9 includes a vehicle body mounting bracket 23, a first back door mounting bracket 25, and a second back door mounting bracket 27. As shown in FIG. 1, the hinge mechanism 9 is invisible from the outside when the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 are closed.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the vehicle body mounting bracket 23 of the hinge mechanism 9 includes a bottom wall 23 a and a pair of left and right side walls 23 b that rise from both left and right sides of the bottom wall 23 a (in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 9). The bottom wall 23 a is attached to the upper surface of the step 7 a at the rear end of the roof 7 with a bolt 29. A hinge pin 31 extending in the vehicle width direction is attached to the upper part of the pair of left and right side walls 23b. The first back door 3 and the second back door 5 rotate around the hinge pin 31.

  The first back door mounting bracket 25 of the hinge mechanism 9 includes a pair of left and right hinge pin mounting portions 25a. The first back door mounting bracket 25 includes an extension portion 25b extending from the lower end of the pair of left and right hinge pin mounting portions 25a toward the rear of the vehicle with the first back door 3 closed, and connects the ends of the extension portions 25b to each other. A first back door mounting portion 25c is provided.

  The first back door mounting portion 25c is inclined such that the upper end edge is on the front side of the vehicle with respect to the lower end edge in the state where the first back door 3 is closed, and the vehicle rear side and the hinge pin 31 from the hinge pin mounting portion 25a. Is also located below. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper inner surface of the first back door 3 is attached to the first back door mounting portion 25 c with such a bolt 33.

  The second back door mounting bracket 27 of the hinge mechanism 9 includes a hinge pin mounting portion 27a for mounting the hinge pin 31 and a second back door mounting portion 27b for mounting the second back door 5. The hinge pin mounting portion 27a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The second back door mounting portion 27b has an upper mounting surface 27b1 that is substantially horizontal when the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 are closed, and an angle of approximately 90 degrees downward from the upper mounting surface 27b1. And a lower mounting surface 27b2 to be bent. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper inner surface of the second back door 5 is attached to the upper mounting surface 27b1 and the lower mounting surface 27b2 by bolts 35 and 37.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the second back door mounting bracket 27 is located between the hinge pin mounting portion 27a and the second back door mounting portion 27b, with the second back door mounting portion 27b side being lower than the hinge pin mounting portion 27a side. It is provided with a bent portion 27c that bends to become. As shown in FIG. 9, with the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 closed, the first back door mounting portion 25c of the first back door mounting bracket 25 is positioned below the bent portion 27c. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a lock mechanism 39 that locks the second back door 5 with respect to the first back door 3 is provided between the first back door 3 and the second back door 5. The lock mechanism 39 is provided at the center in the vehicle width direction at a position corresponding to the vicinity of the end of the second back door 5 opposite to the hinge mechanism 9. 9 and 11, the portion showing the hinge mechanism 9 corresponds to the left side in the vehicle width direction, and the portion showing the lock mechanism 39 corresponds to the center in the vehicle width direction.

  The lock mechanism 39 includes a mechanism substantially similar to a lock mechanism provided on a general automobile door, and includes a striker 41 provided on the first back door 3 and a lock provided on the second back door 5. And a main body 43. The lock body 43 includes a latch 43a, and the striker 41 is engaged with the latch 43a to be in a locked state. The lock state of the lock mechanism 39 includes a primary lock position and a main lock position.

  When closing the second back door 5 in the opened state (unlocked state) with respect to the first back door 3 in the closed state, if the closing force is weak, the lock mechanism 39 is in the primary lock position. The striker 41 is engaged while applying a weak pressing force to the latch 43a. At this time, the second back door 5 is in a semi-closed (half-door) state with respect to the first back door 3.

  On the other hand, when the closing force is strong when closing the second back door 5 in the opened state (unlocked state) with respect to the first back door 3 in the closed state, the lock mechanism 39 exceeds the primary lock position. The striker 41 engages the latch 43a while applying a strong pressing force so as to be in the main lock position. At this time, the second back door 5 is fully closed with respect to the first back door 3.

  That is, the lock mechanism 39 has a primary lock position and a main lock position that is locked with a larger force than when the unlocked state is changed to the primary lock position. Although not shown between the vehicle body 1 and the first back door 3, the lock mechanism 39 between the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 described above is similar to the first back door 3. A lock mechanism for locking the vehicle body 1 is provided.

  Here, when the second back door 5 is in the fully open position as shown in FIG. 2, the gas stay 17 is fully extended. On the other hand, when the first back door 3 is in the fully open position as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, the gas stay 11 is fully extended. In a state where both the gas stay 17 and the gas stay 11 are fully extended, the striker 41 and the latch 43a are separated as shown in FIG. That is, when both the gas stay 17 and the gas stay 11 are fully extended, the unlocking state before the lock mechanism 39 reaches the primary lock position is maintained. The gas stay 17 and the gas stay 11 are unlocked state holding means for holding an unlocked state in which the lock mechanism 39 does not operate.

  Next, the operation will be described.

  With the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 in FIG. 1 both closed, the second back door 5 is opened as shown in FIG. At this time, in the hinge mechanism 9, the second back door mounting bracket 27 rotates around the hinge pin 31, the first back door mounting bracket 25 does not rotate, and thus the first back door 3 remains closed.

  When the second back door 5 is opened, the gas stay 17 is gradually extended. When the second back door 5 reaches the fully open state, the gas stay 17 is fully extended, and further rotation is restricted. That is, the gas stay 17 that is an opening / closing body support member constitutes an opening / closing body rotation restricting portion that restricts rotation in the opening direction at the fully opened position of the second back door 5 that is the opening / closing body.

  By setting the second back door 5 to the fully open position, the back door opening 3a of the first back door 3 opens as shown in FIG. Thereby, articles can be taken in and out through the back door opening 3a. In this state, for example, it is assumed that it is difficult to put in and out articles from the back door opening 3a. In this case, with the second back door 5 fully opened, the first back door 3 is opened and fully opened as shown in FIG.

  When the first back door 3 is opened, the gas stay 11 is gradually extended. When the first back door 3 reaches the fully open state, the gas stay 11 is fully extended, and further rotation is restricted. That is, the gas stay 11 that is a back door support member constitutes a back door rotation restricting portion that restricts rotation of the first back door 3 in the fully open position in the opening direction.

  By setting the first back door 3 to the fully open position, the opening 1a of the vehicle body 1 opens as shown in FIG. Thereby, for example, a large object or a heavy object can be easily taken in and out through the opening 1a of the vehicle body 1.

  When the first back door 3 is opened, the first back door mounting bracket 25 rotates about the hinge pin 31 in the hinge mechanism 9. At this time, the fully opened state of the second back door 5 attached to the second back door mounting bracket 27 is ensured by the extended gas stay 17. For this reason, when opening the first back door 3 with the second back door 5 fully open, the second back door 5 moves relative to the first back door 3 in the closing direction so as to be sucked, 3, 5, 7, and 11.

  At this time, both the gas stay 17 and the gas stay 11 are fully extended, and the striker 41 and the latch 43a of the lock mechanism 39 are separated as shown in FIGS. That is, as described above, when both the gas stay 17 and the gas stay 11 are fully extended, the unlocking state before the lock mechanism 39 reaches the primary lock position is secured (held).

  The unlocked state before the lock mechanism 39 reaches the primary lock position is a state before the second back door 5 reaches a half-closed (half-door) state with respect to the first back door 3. And the first back door 3 are in a state where the lock mechanism 39 is not operated. That is, a larger gap is formed between the second back door 5 and the first back door 3 as compared to a half-closed (half-door) state corresponding to the primary lock position.

  When an operation of closing the first back door 3 is performed from this state, the unlocked second back door 5 that is not locked with respect to the first back door 3 remains in a fully opened state. That is, even when the first back door 3 is closed after the first back door 3 is fully opened in the state where the second back door 5 is in the fully open position, the second back door 5 remains fully open. 3 is not semi-closed (half-door).

  Therefore, even if the operator closes the first back door 3, the operator can surely recognize that the second back door 5 is in the open state, and the second back door 5 that is semi-closed with respect to the first back door 3 can be recognized. The risk of misunderstanding of the fully closed state is reduced. After the first back door 3 is closed, the fully opened second back door 5 is closed to the state shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the unlocked state before the lock mechanism 39 reaches the primary lock position is that the gas stay 11 that restricts the rotation of the first back door 3 in the fully open position and the fully open position of the second back door 5 are restricted. The gas stay 17 regulates the rotation in the opening direction. In this case, the gas stays 11 and 17 can individually regulate further rotation of the respective back doors 3 and 5 in the fully opened state.

  The back door rotation restricting portion of the present embodiment is a stretchable gas stay 11 that rotatably supports the first back door 3 with respect to the vehicle body 1, and the opening / closing body rotation restricting portion attaches the second back door 5 to the vehicle body 1. It is a telescopic gas stay 17 that is rotatably supported with respect to the gas stay 17. In this case, when the gas stays 11 and 17 are fully extended, further rotation of the back doors 3 and 5 in the fully opened state can be restricted. At this time, it is not necessary to provide a separate rotation restricting part such as a dedicated rotation stopper, and the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  The second back door 5 of the present embodiment includes a window glass 6. For this reason, an occupant can easily see the rear through the window glass 6.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is only the illustration described in order to make an understanding of this invention easy, and this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific technical matters disclosed in the above embodiment, but includes various modifications, changes, alternative techniques, and the like that can be easily derived therefrom.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the rotation restriction at the fully opened position of the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 is performed by the gas stays 11 and 17, respectively. Also good. For example, each stopper can be provided on the vehicle body mounting bracket 23 or the roof 7 side of the vehicle body 1 so as to restrict the rotation of the first back door mounting bracket 25 and the second back door mounting bracket 27. In this case, the position where the rotation is restricted by each stopper is a position before the gas stays 11 and 17 are fully extended.

  In the above-described embodiment, the striker 41 and the latch 43a are separated in the unlocked state before the lock mechanism 39 reaches the primary lock position, so that the second back door 5 is in a semi-closed state (primary lock position). I try not to be. Instead, even when the latch 43a of the lock mechanism 39 abuts against the striker 41 when the first back door 3 is in the fully open position while the second back door 5 is in the fully open position, It is also possible to make the door 5 not semi-closed.

  For example, when the latch 43a comes into contact with the striker 41, the primary lock position can be prevented by making the latch 43a more difficult to move by, for example, mechanical friction. In this case, means for preventing displacement of the latch 43a to the primary lock position is provided. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a rotation restricting part such as a dedicated rotation stopper, and the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the end of the gas stay 17 opposite to the second back door 5 is attached to the vehicle body 1, but it may be configured to be attached to the first back door 3. In this configuration, the gas stay 17 supports the second back door 5 so as to be rotatable with respect to the first back door 3. In this case, if the 1st back door 3 is opened from the state corresponding to Drawing 2 which made the 2nd back door 5 the full open position, gas stay 17 of the 2nd back door 5 will contract. On the other hand, when the first back door 3 is closed from the state corresponding to FIG. 3 in which both the first back door 3 and the second back door 5 are fully opened, the urging force of the gas stay 17 is applied to the second back door 5. Is adjusted to remain in the fully open position.

  In the said embodiment, although the 1st back door 3 and the 2nd back door 5 are set as the structure rotated on the hinge pin 31 of the hinge mechanism 9, it is good also as a separate thing. Moreover, although the back door opening 3a of the first back door 3 is configured to be opened and closed by the second back door 5, the back door opening 3a may be configured to be opened and closed by a glass hatch instead of the second back door 5. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle body 1a Car body opening 3 First back door (back door)
3a Back door opening of first back door 5 Second back door (opening / closing body)
6 Glass window (rear window)
11 Gas stay of the first back door (back door support member, back door rotation restricting portion)
17 Second back door gas stay (opening / closing body support member, opening / closing body rotation restricting portion)
39 Locking mechanism 41 Locking mechanism striker 43a Locking mechanism latch

Claims (5)

A back door that opens and closes an opening provided in a vehicle body, an opening and closing body that opens and closes a back door opening provided in the back door, and a lock mechanism that locks the opening and closing body with respect to the back door,
The lock mechanism has a primary lock position and a main lock position locked with a larger force than when the primary lock position is reached from an unlocked state,
The vehicle is characterized in that the lock mechanism is held in the unlocked state before the primary lock position when the back door is in the fully open position in a state where the opening / closing body is in the fully open position. Back door opening and closing structure.   The unlocked state before the lock mechanism reaches the primary lock position includes a back door rotation restricting portion that restricts rotation of the back door in the fully open position and an open direction of the open / close body in the fully open position. The opening / closing structure for a vehicle back door according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing body rotation restricting portion restricts rotation of the vehicle.   The back door rotation restricting portion is a telescopic back door support member that rotatably supports the back door with respect to the vehicle body, and the opening / closing body rotation restricting portion includes the opening / closing body that includes the vehicle body and the back door. The open / close structure for a vehicular back door according to claim 2, wherein the open / close body support member is a telescopically openable / closable body support member that is rotatably supported with respect to any one of the above.   The unlocked state before the lock mechanism reaches the primary lock position is that the striker and the latch of the lock mechanism are in contact with each other when the back door is in the fully open position with the opening / closing body in the fully open position. 2. The opening / closing structure for a vehicular back door according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing structure of the vehicular back door is formed by means for preventing displacement of the latch to the primary lock position.   5. The opening / closing structure for a vehicle back door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the opening / closing body includes a rear window.

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