JP2018001283A - Door opening and closing structure of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a door opening and closing structure of a machine tool, simply structured, which has a function of reducing operation force at an initial stage of door opening and closing operation and absorbing shock at the final stage of the door opening and closing operation.SOLUTION: The door opening and closing structure of a machine tool, which is configured to open and close a door along a slide rail, comprises: opening assist means made of an elastic member in which energizing force is generated in the opposite direction by the movement of the door when the door is closed; or/and closing assist means made of an elastic member in which energizing force is generated in the opposite direction by the movement of the door when the door is opened.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a door opening / closing structure provided for opening / closing an opening formed in a cover portion that covers a machining space of a machine tool, and more particularly to absorbing an impact at the end of opening / closing of the door. The present invention relates to an assist structure that can reduce the operating force at the initial opening and closing.

In machine tools such as NC lathes and machining centers, the chip and coolant are prevented from being scattered and the working space is covered with a cover to ensure the safety of workers. An opening is formed in the cover, and a sliding door is provided in the opening.
In the case of a manual type in which an operator opens and closes the door with his / her power, there is a problem that the door becomes heavier as the door becomes larger and the burden on the operator increases.
Further, the impact due to the inertial force that the door hits a stopper or the like at the end of opening and closing becomes large.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a hydraulic door opening / closing assist device, and Patent Document 2 discloses a multiple-door sliding mechanism using an actuator. However, both of them are complicated in structure and require peripheral devices, which are expensive. Not practical to be.

JP-A-10-61312 JP2015-54383A

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a door opening / closing structure for a machine tool that has a simple structure, reduces the operating force at the initial stage of the door opening / closing operation, and also has a shock absorbing function at the end of the door opening / closing.

The present invention is a door opening and closing structure of a machine tool, and the door is opened and closed along a slide rail. The door is made of an elastic member that generates a biasing force in the opposite direction by the movement of the door when the door is closed. The opening assist means and / or the close assist means made of an elastic member that generates a biasing force in the opposite direction by the movement of the door when the door is opened are provided.
Here, when the door is closed, it means that the door is slid in a direction to close the opening. When the door is fully closed, an urging force is generated in the elastic member in the direction in which the door is opened.
This urging force is considerably smaller than the operation force for opening the door, but has an assist function at a level that reduces the peak load when the door starts to open as a repulsive force.
In the present invention, a portion having this function is expressed as open assist means.
Further, the present invention may include an elastic member that generates an urging force in the opposite direction due to the movement of the door when the door is fully opened, and in this case, a close assist that assists an operation force when starting to close the door. It becomes a means.

In the present invention, the elastic member that generates a biasing force in the opposite direction due to the movement of the door is a direction in which a repulsive force is generated in the door opening direction when the door is fully closed, or the door is closed when the door is fully opened. As long as a repulsive force is generated, the structure is not limited.
For example, the door has a pusher member, and the open assist means and / or the close assist means is a spring member compressed by the pusher member.
In that case, the open assist means and / or the close assist means may include a means for adjusting a repulsive force generated by the compression.
Note that the elastic member may be one in which a pulling force is generated in a direction in which the door is opened when the door is closed, or a pulling force is generated in a direction in which the door is closed in a state where the door is opened.

In the present invention, the operation force for opening the door when the door is fully closed is small, the open assist means for generating the biasing force in the direction of opening the door is provided, or the operation force for closing the door when the door is fully opened is small, By providing the close assist means for generating the biasing force in the closing direction of the door, the peak load generated at the initial stage of opening and closing the door can be reduced, so that the burden on the operator is reduced.
The open assist means and the close assist means also have a damper function that absorbs an impact force when the door is fully closed or opened.

The example of the opening-and-closing structure of the door which concerns on this invention is shown, (a) shows the state which the door closed, (b) shows the state which the door opened. (A), (b) shows the movement of the assist means when the door starts to open. (A), (b) shows the movement by which the assist means absorbs the impact force when the door is fully opened. The change of the operation force in the opening operation or closing operation of a door is typically shown.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a door opening / closing structure according to the present invention.
In the machine tool, a machining space is covered with a cover member, and a door 10 is attached to the opening 1a of the cover member.
The door 10 is slidably opened and closed along an upper rail 2 and a lower rail 3 provided above and below the main body 1.
Although the illustration of the door 10 is omitted, the closed state shown in FIG. 1A and the fully opened state shown in FIG. 1B are maintained by striking against a stopper provided on the main body 1 side. Is done.
An operator manually grips the handle 11 provided on the door 10 and performs an opening / closing operation manually. However, when the machine tool becomes large and the weight of the door increases, a particularly large force is required to start the door movement.

The door 10 has a pusher member 12 attached thereto as shown in enlarged views in FIGS.
On the main body 1 side of the machine tool, there are attached an open assist means 4 with which the pusher member abuts when the door is closed, and a close assist means 5 with which the pusher member abuts when the door is opened.
As shown in FIG. 2, the open assist means 4 includes a shaft portion 4 b that protrudes in a horizontal direction from the bracket 4 a connected and fixed to the main body portion toward the door side.
A coiled spring member 4c is wound around the shaft portion 4b, and a washer-like contact member 4d is attached to the tip of the spring member.
As a result, when the door 10 is fully closed, the abutting member 4d is pushed in the direction in which the spring member 4c is compressed by the pusher member 12 of the door, and the tip of the shaft portion 4b is at the end of the pusher member 12. It passes through the groove 12a.
In this state, as shown in FIG. 2A, an urging force (repulsive force) is generated in the opening direction of the door 10, but the force is smaller than the opening / closing operation force of the door.
In this embodiment, the repulsive force can be adjusted by projecting the shaft portion 4b to the rear side of the bracket 4a with a screw portion and adjusting the projection amount to the door side with a nut or the like.
The repulsive force may be adjusted by the diameter and number of springs of the spring member.

When the door 10 is opened, the operating force is assisted by the repulsive force of the spring member 4c as shown in FIG.
This state will be described with reference to the schematic graph shown in FIG.
FIG. 4A shows a case where there is no assist means. When the worker starts to open the door, the door is heavy, and a large peak load is generated before the door starts to move. Go down.
On the other hand, when the assist means is provided, the repulsive force by the spring member when the door starts to move has the effect of lowering the peak load as shown in FIG.

The movement when the door 10 is fully opened is shown in FIG.
Close assist means 5 is attached to the main body 1 side in accordance with the position where the door 10 can be fully opened.
Similarly to the open assist means 4, the close assist means 5 has a shaft portion 5b protruding from the bracket 5a toward the door, a wound spring member 5c, and a contact portion 5d.
Further, the protruding amount can be adjusted by the nut 5e.
Since the door 10 is fully opened by the pusher member 12 while compressing the spring member 5c, it acts as a damper that absorbs an impact force when the door hits a stopper in the opening direction.
Further, when the door 10 is closed, an assist function is generated by the repulsive force stored in the spring member 5c.
The spring member is not limited to a coil spring, and may be a leaf spring or the like.
In this embodiment, the spring member arranged around the shaft portion is extended and contracted. However, the shaft portion is pushed by the door while being urged by the elastic member in the protruding direction, and protrudes and sinks. May be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main-body part 1a Opening part 2 Upper rail 3 Lower rail 4 Open assist means 5 Close assist means 10 Door 11 Handle 12 Pusher member

Claims (3)

A door opening / closing structure of a machine tool,
The door opens and closes along the slide rail,
Open assist means comprising an elastic member that generates an urging force in the opposite direction by the movement of the door when the door is closed, and / or an elastic member that generates an urging force in the opposite direction by the movement of the door when the door is opened. A door opening / closing structure for a machine tool, characterized by comprising a closing assist means comprising:   2. The door opening / closing structure for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the door includes a pusher member, and the open assist means and / or the close assist means is a spring member compressed by the pusher member.   3. The door opening / closing structure for a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the open assist means and / or the close assist means includes means for adjusting a repulsive force generated by the compression.

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