JP2017514027A - Process for improving chemical and / or physical properties of hollow structure natural fibers - Google Patents
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/08—Organic compounds
- D06M10/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
- D06M2101/12—Keratin fibres or silk
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
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Abstract
カポック繊維のような、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるため、前記繊維に、繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させることができる物質での、少なくとも部分的な、その内部コーティングおよび/または充填をもたらすプロセスが行われる。In order to improve the chemical and / or physical properties of hollow structure natural fibers, such as Kapok fibers, at least part of the fibers with a substance capable of improving the chemical and / or physical properties of the fibers A process is performed that results in its internal coating and / or filling.
Description
本発明は、詰め綿、糸、織物または不織布を得るため、純粋な状態でまたは天然動物繊維、植物繊維、合成ポリマー繊維、人造天然ポリマー繊維、動物由来の連続フィラメントおよび/または動物由来の不連続フィラメントと混合して用いる、中空構造天然繊維、好適にはカポック繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるプロセスに関する。 The present invention provides pure cotton or yarn, woven or non-woven fabrics in pure or natural animal fibers, plant fibers, synthetic polymer fibers, artificial natural polymer fibers, animal-derived continuous filaments and / or animal-derived discontinuities. It relates to a process for improving the chemical and / or physical properties of hollow structure natural fibers, preferably Kapok fibers, used in combination with filaments.
本発明において、織りという表現は通常、縦糸と横糸を区別するため、および編物の衣服の織りを区別するために用いられる。 In the present invention, the expression weave is usually used to distinguish warp and weft yarns and to distinguish the weave of knitted clothes.
本明細書において、例として:
−動物繊維は、毛被または毛髪繊維(例えば、羊毛、アルパカ、ビキューナ、カシミヤ、等)を包含することが意図され;
−動物由来の連続フィラメントは、全繭から繰ることにより得られるフィラメント(例えば、絹糸)を包含することが意図され;
−動物由来の不連続フィラメントは、中下繭から解くことにより得られるフィラメント(例えば、屑糸)を包含することが意図され;
−植物繊維は、植物、低木、花序、根、葉から得られるすべての繊維(例えば、綿、亜麻、麻、ジュート、コイア、ラミー、竹、等)を包含することが意図され;
−合成ポリマー繊維という表現は、例えば、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、アクリル、ポリプロピレン繊維、等を示すのに用いられ;
−人造天然繊維は、例えば、レーヨン、ビスコース、モダール、アセテート、キュプラ、テンセル、等を包含することが意図され;
−長繊維という表現は、少なくとも0.01m(すなわち1cm)の長さを有する繊維を示すのに用いられ、こうした繊維は、例えば紡績のような、さまざまなその後のプロセスに用いるのに適している。
In this specification, as an example:
-Animal fibers are intended to include coats or hair fibers (eg wool, alpaca, vicuña, cashmere, etc.);
-Animal-derived continuous filaments are intended to include filaments obtained by rolling from whole cocoons (eg silk thread);
-Animal-derived discontinuous filaments are intended to include filaments obtained by unwinding from the lower arm (eg waste yarn);
-Plant fibers are intended to include all fibers obtained from plants, shrubs, inflorescences, roots, leaves (eg cotton, flax, hemp, jute, coir, ramie, bamboo, etc.);
The expression synthetic polymer fiber is used to denote, for example, polyamide, polyester, acrylic, polypropylene fiber, etc .;
-Artificial natural fibers are intended to include, for example, rayon, viscose, modal, acetate, cupra, tencel, etc .;
The expression long fibers is used to denote fibers having a length of at least 0.01 m (ie 1 cm), which are suitable for use in various subsequent processes, for example spinning. .
詰め綿、糸、不織布を得るため、所望の化学的/物理的特性を有する製品を得ることを目的として、純粋な状態でまたは互いに混合して用いられる、さまざまなタイプの繊維の使用が知られる。 In order to obtain stuffed cotton, yarn, non-woven fabrics, it is known to use various types of fibers that are used in pure form or mixed with each other for the purpose of obtaining products with the desired chemical / physical properties. .
よって、例えば、ソファ用でもジャケット用でも、詰め綿の場合、詰め綿を得るために用いられる繊維の特徴が、軽量、負荷により圧縮された後もとの状態に戻るような耐性、場合によっては抗菌性、殺菌性、等であることは非常に好ましい。 Thus, for example, in the case of stuffed cotton for sofas and jackets, the characteristics of the fibers used to obtain the stuffed cotton are lightweight, resistant to return to the original state after being compressed by the load, and in some cases Antibacterial, bactericidal, etc. are highly preferred.
天然繊維を用いて製造される糸または織物についても、この場合、繊維の特徴が軽量であるほか柔軟であることを加えて、同様に考えられ得る。 Yarns or fabrics made with natural fibers can also be considered in this case, in addition to the fact that the characteristics of the fibers are light and flexible.
上記を踏まえ、詰め綿、糸、織物または不織布を得るため、純粋な状態でまたは天然動物繊維、植物繊維、合成ポリマー繊維、人造天然ポリマー繊維、動物由来の連続フィラメントおよび/または動物由来の不連続フィラメントと混合して用いる、カポックまたは通常の獣毛のような、天然繊維の化学的/物理的特性を向上させることが可能である必要性が今日高まっていることは明らかである。 Based on the above, in order to obtain stuffed cotton, yarn, woven fabric or non-woven fabric, pure or natural animal fiber, plant fiber, synthetic polymer fiber, artificial natural polymer fiber, animal-derived continuous filament and / or animal-derived discontinuity Clearly, there is an increasing need today to be able to improve the chemical / physical properties of natural fibers, such as Kapok or regular animal hair, used in combination with filaments.
本発明が基づく課題は、詰め綿、糸、織物または不織布を得るため、純粋な状態でまたは天然動物繊維、植物繊維、合成ポリマー繊維、人造天然ポリマー繊維、動物由来の連続フィラメントおよび/または動物由来の不連続フィラメントと混合して用いる、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるプロセスを考案および提供し、よってプロセスにより上記必要性を満たすことを可能にすることである。 The problem on which the present invention is based is to obtain stuffed cotton, yarn, woven or non-woven fabrics in pure or natural animal fiber, plant fiber, synthetic polymer fiber, artificial natural polymer fiber, animal-derived continuous filament and / or animal-derived To devise and provide a process for improving the chemical and / or physical properties of hollow structure natural fibers used in combination with a discontinuous filament of the process, thus allowing the process to meet the above needs.
こうした問題は、請求項1に記載の中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるプロセスにより克服される。 These problems are overcome by the process of improving the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber according to claim 1.
さらなる態様によると、本発明は、請求項19に記載の中空構造天然繊維の使用、および請求項20に記載のカポック繊維の使用も提起する。 According to a further aspect, the present invention also proposes the use of the hollow structure natural fiber according to claim 19 and the use of the Kapok fiber according to claim 20.
本発明によると、中空構造天然繊維は、前記中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させることを目的として、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるのに適した物質で、少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングされ、および/または、少なくとも部分的に充填される。 According to the present invention, the hollow structure natural fiber improves the chemical and / or physical characteristics of the hollow structure natural fiber for the purpose of improving the chemical and / or physical characteristics of the hollow structure natural fiber. At least partially internal coated and / or at least partially filled with a suitable material.
本発明によるプロセスのさらなる特徴および利点は、添付の図面を参照しながら、非限定的な例として提供される、その好適な実施形態のいくつかに関して以下で提供される説明から明らかとなる。
中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるプロセスは:
−純粋な状態でまたは天然動物繊維、植物繊維、合成ポリマー繊維、人造天然ポリマー繊維、動物由来の連続フィラメントおよび/または動物由来の不連続フィラメントと混合して用いる、動物または植物由来の中空構造天然繊維であって、その内部キャビティが外部と流体連通している、中空構造天然繊維を用意するステップならびに
−前記中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるのに適した物質を用意するステップ
を含む。
Processes for improving the chemical and / or physical properties of hollow structure natural fibers include:
-Animal or plant-derived hollow structure natural used in the pure state or mixed with natural animal fibers, plant fibers, synthetic polymer fibers, artificial natural polymer fibers, animal-derived continuous filaments and / or animal-derived discontinuous filaments Providing a hollow structure natural fiber, wherein the internal cavity is in fluid communication with the outside; and-a material suitable for improving the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber. Including the step of preparing.
有利には、本発明によるプロセスは、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性の向上を得ることを目的として、前記中空構造天然繊維を前記物質で、もしくはいくつかの物質で、少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングする、および/または、少なくとも部分的に充填するステップを含むことを特徴とする。 Advantageously, the process according to the invention is characterized in that the hollow structure natural fiber is made of at least one of the substances, or several substances, in order to obtain an improvement in the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber. Including partially inner coating and / or at least partially filling.
好適な実施形態によると、前記中空構造天然繊維は、詰め綿、糸、織物または不織布を得るため、本発明によるプロセスで処理された後、純粋な状態でまたは天然動物繊維、植物繊維、合成ポリマー繊維、人造天然ポリマー繊維、動物由来の連続フィラメントおよび/または動物由来の不連続フィラメントと混合して用いられるカポック繊維からなる、またはこれにより構成される。 According to a preferred embodiment, said hollow structure natural fiber is treated in the process according to the invention in order to obtain stuffed cotton, yarn, woven fabric or non-woven fabric, then in the pure state or natural animal fiber, plant fiber, synthetic polymer It consists of or consists of Kapok fibers used in admixture with fibers, artificial natural polymer fibers, continuous filaments of animal origin and / or discontinuous filaments of animal origin.
図1および2からの結果として、カポック繊維は、対向する端部が開放された、中空管状構造を有する。よって、カポック繊維は、以下に示されるように、少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングする、および/または、充填するのに適している。 As a result from FIGS. 1 and 2, the Kapok fibers have a hollow tubular structure with open opposite ends. Thus, Kapok fibers are suitable for at least partially internal coating and / or filling, as will be shown below.
外部と流体連通しているキャビティを有する中空構造天然繊維である、カポックの代替として、場合によってはカポックとまたは他の繊維と混合した他の繊維を用いることもできる。例えば、通常の獣毛、すなわち、外部と流体連通しているキャビティを有し、少なくとも部分的に中空である、大きな直径を有する繊維を有する獣毛を用いることが可能である。 As an alternative to Kapok, which is a hollow structure natural fiber having a cavity in fluid communication with the outside, other fibers, optionally mixed with Kapok or other fibers, can also be used. For example, it is possible to use normal animal hair, ie, animal hair having cavities in fluid communication with the outside and having fibers with a large diameter that are at least partially hollow.
好適な実施形態によると、本発明によるプロセスは、前記物質からなる溶液、または溶液槽を用意するステップを含み、前記中空構造天然繊維を、少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングする、および/または、少なくとも部分的に内部充填する前記ステップは、中空構造天然繊維を用意された溶液中に浸漬させることにより行われる。 According to a preferred embodiment, the process according to the invention comprises the step of providing a solution, or solution bath, of said substance, at least partly internal coating said hollow structure natural fiber and / or at least partly The step of internally filling the inside is performed by immersing the hollow structure natural fiber in the prepared solution.
前記溶液、または溶液槽について、好適には4〜7からなるpH値、より好適には4.5〜7からなるpH値を有することが観察されるべきである。 It should be observed that the solution or solution bath preferably has a pH value comprised between 4 and 7, more preferably a pH value comprised between 4.5 and 7.
さらに、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる前記物質は、溶液中に0.5〜15%w/vの濃度で、より好適には1〜7%w/vの濃度で存在することが観察されるべきでる。 Further, the substance that improves the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber is at a concentration of 0.5-15% w / v in the solution, more preferably 1-7% w / v. It should be observed that it exists in concentration.
前記中空構造天然繊維を、少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングする、および/または、少なくとも部分的に内部充填するために用いられる前記物質は、キトサンおよび/またはその誘導体、抗菌物質、ダニに対して有効な物質、殺菌物質、芳香物質、繊維の弾性を増加させる物質および/または破断に対する繊維の耐性を増加させる物質からなる群から選択してもよい。 The substance used to at least partially internal coat and / or at least partially internal fill the hollow structure natural fiber is effective against chitosan and / or its derivatives, antibacterial substances, mites It may be selected from the group consisting of substances, bactericidal substances, fragrant substances, substances that increase the elasticity of the fibers and / or substances that increase the resistance of the fibers to breakage.
キトサンは、甲殻類の外骨格中に含有されるタンパク質である、キチンから誘導される天然ポリマーであり、食品産業副産物から得ることができることを考えれば、本質的に再生可能な物質でできている。 Chitosan is a natural polymer derived from chitin, a protein contained in the crustacean exoskeleton, and is essentially made of a renewable material given that it can be obtained from food industry by-products .
さまざまな実験的試験後、すべて中分子量または好適には低分子量を有する、キトサン、キトサンオリゴマーまたは他のキトサン誘導体は、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる物質として有益であることが観察された。 After various experimental tests, chitosan, chitosan oligomers or other chitosan derivatives, all having medium molecular weight or preferably low molecular weight, are useful as substances that improve the chemical and / or physical properties of hollow-structured natural fibers. It was observed that there was.
好適な実施形態によると、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる前記物質は、200,000Da未満の分子量を有する、より好適には100,000Da未満の分子量を有する、さらにより好適には、1,000〜50,000Daの分子量を有するキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体からなる、またはこれらにより構成される。 According to a preferred embodiment, said substance that improves the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber has a molecular weight of less than 200,000 Da, more preferably a molecular weight of less than 100,000 Da, More preferably, it consists of or consists of chitosan, chitosan oligomer and / or chitosan derivative having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 50,000 Da.
例えば、前記物質がキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーまたは別のキトサン誘導体であった場合、処理された繊維の弾性および耐性の増加に関して、ならびに高い抗菌性、殺菌性およびダニに対する有効性に関して、すべて約2,000Da、またはそれより低い分子量を有するキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーまたはその他のキトサン誘導体を用いて処理された繊維では最適な結果が得られた。 For example, if the material is chitosan, chitosan oligomer or another chitosan derivative, all about 2,000 Da in terms of increased elasticity and resistance of the treated fiber and in terms of high antibacterial, bactericidal and mite effectiveness. Optimal results were obtained with fibers treated with chitosan, chitosan oligomers or other chitosan derivatives having a molecular weight of, or lower.
用いられた液体溶液中のキトサンの濃度は、良好な結果が15%w/vまでまたは20%w/vまでのキトサンの濃度で確認されたことを考えれば、約1%w/vまたはそれより高かった。 The concentration of chitosan in the liquid solution used was about 1% w / v or more given that good results were confirmed with chitosan concentrations up to 15% w / v or up to 20% w / v. It was higher.
キトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/または低粘度キトサン誘導体、例えばすべて1,000〜5,000Daの分子量を有する、好適には約1,000〜2,000Daの分子量を有するキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体の使用によって得られた結果は、非常に良好であった。 Chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or low viscosity chitosan derivatives, for example chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or chitosan derivatives all having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 5,000 Da, preferably having a molecular weight of about 1,000 to 2,000 Da The results obtained with the use of were very good.
上記に加えて、天然繊維の中空構造の充填およびその後のコーティングは、繊維が長繊維、すなわち少なくとも約0.01m(すなわち1cm)の長さを有する繊維である場合とくに問題となることが観察されるべきである。 In addition to the above, filling the hollow structure of natural fibers and subsequent coating has been observed to be particularly problematic when the fibers are long fibers, i.e. fibers having a length of at least about 0.01 m (i.e. 1 cm). Should be.
これは、中空構造天然繊維の内部キャビティが、その横断面寸法が軸長より無限に小さい、実際のキャピラリーを同定するということに依る。こうした構造は、前記物質からなる溶液、または溶液槽での、天然繊維の内部キャビティの繊維の全軸長にわたる充填の障害となる。よって、長繊維の場合、中空構造天然繊維の短い端部のみが充填され、これはプロセスに終わりにコーティングされる。 This is due to the fact that the internal cavity of the hollow structure natural fiber identifies the actual capillary whose cross-sectional dimension is infinitely smaller than the axial length. Such a structure obstructs the filling of the solution of the substance or solution tank over the entire axial length of the fiber of the internal cavity of the natural fiber. Thus, in the case of long fibers, only the short end of the hollow structure natural fiber is filled, which is coated at the end of the process.
これに関して、一般的には、短すぎる繊維が紡績には適さず、それらが詰め綿等を得るためにも適さないことを考えれば、詰め綿または糸を得るために用いられる繊維は、以上で定義された意味での長繊維であるべきことが観察されるべきである。 In this regard, in general, the fibers used to obtain stuffed cotton or yarn are as described above, considering that too short fibers are not suitable for spinning and are not suitable for obtaining stuffed cotton or the like. It should be observed that it should be a long fiber in a defined sense.
例えば、0.005m(すなわち5mm)より短い軸長を有する断片に切断された天然繊維は目的には適さない。 For example, natural fibers cut into pieces having an axial length shorter than 0.005 m (ie 5 mm) are not suitable for the purpose.
前記欠点を克服することを目的として、本発明によるプロセスのさらなる態様によると、中空構造天然繊維が、前記液体溶液、または溶液槽中に浸漬される間に、超音波を用いて処理されるステップを含む。基本的には、超音波を用いることで、中空構造天然繊維が浸漬される溶液の撹拌が得られ、さまざまな成分の溶液、または溶液槽中でのより良好な分散も得られる。 In order to overcome the drawbacks, according to a further aspect of the process according to the invention, the hollow structured natural fiber is treated with ultrasound while being immersed in the liquid solution or solution bath. including. Basically, by using ultrasonic waves, stirring of the solution in which the hollow structure natural fiber is immersed is obtained, and better dispersion of various components in the solution or in the solution tank is also obtained.
超音波によって処理する前記ステップは、例えば、超音波照射プローブを前記溶液、または溶液槽中に浸漬させることにより達成してもよい。 The step of treating with ultrasonic waves may be achieved, for example, by immersing an ultrasonic irradiation probe in the solution or solution bath.
超音波は、例えば約20KHzの、それらの周波数のため、液体溶液中である種の振動を誘発し、これは液体溶液中で形成される泡の部分的な内破を伴うマイクロキャビテーション効果をもたらし、よって、こうして処理される天然繊維の中空構造にいずれの損傷も引き起こすことなく、処理する天然繊維のキャビティ内に含有される液体溶液およびその中の物質のより効率的な浸透もたらすことが観察されるべきである。 Ultrasound induces certain vibrations in the liquid solution due to their frequency, eg about 20 KHz, which results in a microcavitation effect with partial implosion of bubbles formed in the liquid solution. Thus, it has been observed that the liquid solution contained within the natural fiber cavity to be treated and the substances therein are more efficiently penetrated without causing any damage to the hollow structure of the natural fiber thus treated. Should be.
実験により観察されるように、溶液、または溶液槽中での前記超音波処理は、1cmよりさらに大きい、例えば約3〜5cmの軸長を有する、長繊維、例えば中空構造天然繊維、とくにカポックの最適な充填をもたらし、こうした処理は内部中空構造のその全伸長にわたるコーティングを有利に可能にする。 As observed by experimentation, the sonication in the solution, or in the solution bath, is a long fiber, such as a hollow structure natural fiber, especially Kapok, having an axial length of more than 1 cm, for example about 3-5 cm. Providing optimal filling, such a process advantageously allows coating over its entire extension of the internal hollow structure.
その化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる中空構造繊維を浸漬させる溶液、または溶液槽は、水性塩基タイプ、または他の溶媒(極性および非極性タイプの両方)ベースであってもよい。 The solution, or solution bath, into which the hollow structure fibers that improve its chemical and / or physical properties are immersed may be based on an aqueous base type, or other solvent (both polar and non-polar types).
化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる中空構造繊維の超音波処理の時間は、約10〜70分であってもよい。 The time for sonication of the hollow structure fibers to improve chemical and / or physical properties may be about 10 to 70 minutes.
化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる中空構造繊維に対する処理に用いる超音波の電力は、約100〜750ワットであってもよい。 The ultrasonic power used to process the hollow structure fibers that improve chemical and / or physical properties may be about 100-750 Watts.
好適かつ有利な実施形態によると、化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる中空構造天然繊維を、前記物質を含有する溶液中に浸漬させる前記ステップの前に、中空構造天然繊維に真空を印加するステップが行われる。基本的には、前記液体溶液中に浸漬される前に、中空構造天然繊維には大気圧力より低い外部圧力、例えば大気圧の20%〜90%からなる圧力、好適には大気圧の30%〜80%からなる圧力が印加される。 According to a preferred and advantageous embodiment, a vacuum is applied to the hollow structure natural fibers before the step of immersing the hollow structure natural fibers that improve the chemical and / or physical properties in a solution containing the substance. Steps are performed. Basically, before being immersed in the liquid solution, the hollow-structured natural fiber has an external pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, for example a pressure comprised between 20% and 90% of atmospheric pressure, preferably 30% of atmospheric pressure. A pressure of ~ 80% is applied.
実験において、処理する中空構造天然繊維に大気圧に対して非常に大きな低下がもたらされた場合、最適な結果が得られた。 In experiments, optimum results were obtained when the hollow natural fibers to be treated had a very large drop with respect to atmospheric pressure.
この場合、中空構造繊維を液体溶液中に浸漬させる前記ステップは、浸漬させる繊維が大気圧より低い外部圧力である初期条件から出発して得られることが観察されるべきである。例として、これは:
−第1閉鎖/遮断バルブ手段を通って真空ポンプまたは他の同等の手段と接続した入口、および
−第2閉鎖/遮断バルブ手段を通って処理する中空構造繊維が浸漬される溶液を含有するタンクと接続した入口
を備える密封容器を用意することにより得ることができる。
In this case, it should be observed that the step of immersing the hollow fiber in the liquid solution is obtained starting from an initial condition in which the fiber to be immersed is at an external pressure below atmospheric pressure. As an example, this is:
An inlet connected to a vacuum pump or other equivalent means through a first closing / shutoff valve means, and a tank containing a solution in which hollow structure fibers to be processed through the second closing / shutoff valve means are immersed It can obtain by preparing the sealed container provided with the inlet connected to.
処理する中空構造繊維を前記密封容器に入れる。その後第1バルブ手段を開け、真空ポンプを、容器内で、大気圧より低い所望の圧力値が得られるまで作動させる。その後、第1バルブ手段を閉じ、第2バルブ手段を閉じ、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させる前記物質を含有する液体溶液を容器中へ流入させる。このように、容器中に含有される中空構造天然繊維は、大気圧より低い圧力を有する環境中にありながら、液体溶液中に浸漬される。これは、とくに容器中の圧力が大気圧値となる場合、天然繊維のキャビティ中の液体溶液のより大きな浸透をもたらす。 The hollow structure fiber to be treated is placed in the sealed container. Thereafter, the first valve means is opened and the vacuum pump is operated in the container until a desired pressure value lower than atmospheric pressure is obtained. Thereafter, the first valve means is closed, the second valve means is closed, and a liquid solution containing the substance that improves the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber is allowed to flow into the container. Thus, the hollow structure natural fiber contained in the container is immersed in the liquid solution while being in an environment having a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. This leads to greater penetration of the liquid solution in the natural fiber cavities, especially when the pressure in the container is at atmospheric pressure.
好適には、本発明によるプロセスは、中空構造天然繊維が液体溶液から取り出された後、例えばオーブンにおいて行われる中空構造天然繊維の乾燥ステップを含む。 Suitably, the process according to the invention comprises a drying step of the hollow structure natural fibers, which is carried out, for example in an oven, after the hollow structure natural fibers have been removed from the liquid solution.
熱い空気の通気によってまたは異なる乾燥方法によって行うことができる、前記乾燥は、乾燥させた溶液中に含有される物質の中空構造天然繊維の壁へのその後の付着を伴う、中空構造天然繊維の完全な乾燥を得ることまで拡張してもよい。よって、図3および4において観察可能なように、天然繊維のキャビティの内壁も、溶液中に添加された前記物質で、少なくとも部分的にコーティング/被覆、好適には完全にコーティング/被覆される。 Said drying, which can be carried out by aeration of hot air or by different drying methods, involves the subsequent attachment of the substances contained in the dried solution to the walls of the hollow structure natural fibers. May be extended to obtain a good dryness. Thus, as can be observed in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inner walls of the natural fiber cavities are also at least partially coated / coated, preferably fully coated / coated with the substance added in the solution.
繊維の乾燥は60℃〜105℃からなる温度で便利に行ってもよい。 The fiber may be conveniently dried at a temperature comprised between 60 ° C and 105 ° C.
図5は、物質を含有する溶液中に浸漬される間の、いくつかの中空構造天然繊維を示し、以前達成された液体溶液を用いる管状キャビティの部分的な充填を概略的に示す。 FIG. 5 shows some hollow structure natural fibers while immersed in a solution containing the substance and schematically illustrates the partial filling of the tubular cavity with a previously achieved liquid solution.
中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるため溶液中に添加される前記物質がキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体である場合、中空構造天然繊維に適用されたキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体を紫外線によって化学架橋するステップを含むことができる。 Chitosan, chitosan applied to hollow structure natural fiber when said substance added to the solution to improve chemical and / or physical properties of hollow structure natural fiber is chitosan, chitosan oligomer and / or chitosan derivative A step of chemically cross-linking the oligomer and / or chitosan derivative with ultraviolet light may be included.
これは、処理された中空構造天然繊維へのキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体の永久付着を得ることを可能にし、数回の洗浄サイクルまたは染色のようなさらなる固着ステップ後もキトサンの存在による有益な効果の長期持続を保証する。 This makes it possible to obtain a permanent attachment of chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or chitosan derivatives to the treated hollow-structured natural fiber, due to the presence of chitosan even after further fixing steps such as several washing cycles or dyeings. Ensure long-lasting beneficial effects.
また、キトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体の架橋は、処理された中空構造天然繊維に、ダニに対して有効な長期持続性殺菌効果のほかより大きな機械的物理的耐性を与えることを可能にする。 In addition, cross-linking of chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or chitosan derivatives allows the treated hollow structure natural fibers to have greater mechanical and physical resistance as well as effective long-lasting bactericidal effects against mites. To do.
キトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体の前記架橋は、例えば紫外線への曝露により物理的に、または例えばクエン酸および/またはアクリルモノマー、例えばHEMAを、処理する中空構造天然繊維が浸漬される溶液に添加することにより化学的に、有利に得てもよい。 Said cross-linking of chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or chitosan derivatives is carried out physically, for example by exposure to UV light, or for example citric acid and / or acrylic monomers, such as HEMA, in a solution in which the hollow structure natural fibers to be treated are immersed. It may be advantageously obtained chemically by addition.
紫外線への曝露によるキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体の架橋は、処理された天然繊維の外部に存在するキトサンに対してのみ有効であり、適切な物質を中空構造天然繊維が浸漬される溶液に添加することによる化学架橋は、キャビティ中の天然繊維に付着したキトサン、キトサンオリゴマーおよび/またはキトサン誘導体に関しても有効であることが観察されるべきである。 Cross-linking of chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or chitosan derivatives by exposure to ultraviolet light is only effective for chitosan present outside the treated natural fiber, and a solution in which the hollow structure natural fiber is immersed in a suitable material It should be observed that chemical cross-linking by adding to is also effective for chitosan, chitosan oligomers and / or chitosan derivatives attached to natural fibers in the cavity.
天然繊維の内部キャビティの壁の少なくとも部分的なコーティングが、処理された中空構造天然繊維の吸着表面を2倍にすることを実質的に可能にすることは明らかである。これは、フィルタ要素が処理された中空構造天然繊維からなるフィルタを得るのにとくに有用である。 It is clear that the at least partial coating of the walls of the internal cavity of the natural fiber substantially makes it possible to double the adsorption surface of the treated hollow structure natural fiber. This is particularly useful for obtaining a filter consisting of hollow structural natural fibers in which the filter elements have been treated.
さらなる態様によると、天然繊維のキャビティ中に浸透させる物質は、シクロデキストリン、ナノカプセルおよび/またはマイクロカプセルにより担持/充填してもよい。 According to a further embodiment, the substance that penetrates into the cavities of the natural fibers may be supported / filled by cyclodextrins, nanocapsules and / or microcapsules.
上記を踏まえ、上述された本発明によるプロセスが、処理された中空構造天然繊維を、前記中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させることができる物質で、少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングする、および/または、少なくとも部分的に充填することを可能にすることを考えれば、本明細書の初期部分における主題である必要性を満たすことを可能にすることは明らかである。 In view of the above, the process according to the present invention described above is characterized in that the treated hollow structure natural fiber is at least partially internalized with a substance capable of improving the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber. It is clear that it is possible to meet the needs that are the subject matter in the initial part of the description given that it is possible to coat and / or at least partly fill.
上述されたものは、すべて下記特許請求の範囲により同定される発明概念の範囲内に含まれる、多数の変更および変形を受けやすい。 What has been described above is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the inventive concept identified by the following claims.
また、中空構造天然繊維としてのカポックの使用は、カポック繊維が、内部コーティングまたは充填に適した、端部が開放された中空管状構造を有することに関してだけでなく、カポック繊維が極めて軽量、柔軟であることによっても、極めて有利である。 Also, the use of Kapok as a hollow structure natural fiber is not only related to the Kapok fiber having a hollow tubular structure with an open end, suitable for internal coating or filling, but the Kapok fiber is extremely light and flexible. Some are very advantageous.
上述されたように、中空構造天然繊維、とくにカポックは、詰め綿、糸、織物または不織布を得るため、純粋な状態でまたは天然動物繊維、植物繊維、合成ポリマー繊維、人造天然ポリマー繊維、動物由来の連続フィラメントおよび/または動物由来の不連続フィラメントと混合して用いるのに適している。 As mentioned above, hollow-structured natural fibers, especially Kapok, are obtained in pure form or in natural animal fibers, plant fibers, synthetic polymer fibers, artificial natural polymer fibers, animal origin, in order to obtain stuffed cotton, yarn, woven fabric or non-woven fabric It is suitable to be used in combination with continuous filaments and / or discontinuous filaments of animal origin.
他のタイプの繊維と混合した前記中空構造天然繊維の使用は、最適な特徴を有する繊維の混合物を得ることを可能にする。
The use of said hollow structure natural fibers mixed with other types of fibers makes it possible to obtain a mixture of fibers with optimal characteristics.
Claims (21)
−前記中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるのに適した物質を用意するステップ
を含む、中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるプロセスであって、
前記中空構造天然繊維の化学的および/または物理的特性を向上させるため、前記中空構造天然繊維を前記物質で少なくとも部分的に内部コーティングするおよび/または少なくとも部分的に充填するステップを含むことを特徴とする、プロセス。 -Animal or plant-derived hollow structure natural used in the pure state or mixed with natural animal fibers, plant fibers, synthetic polymer fibers, artificial natural polymer fibers, animal-derived continuous filaments and / or animal-derived discontinuous filaments Providing a hollow structure natural fiber, wherein the internal cavity is in fluid communication with the outside; and-a material suitable for improving the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber. A process for improving the chemical and / or physical properties of a hollow structure natural fiber, comprising the step of providing:
In order to improve the chemical and / or physical properties of the hollow structure natural fiber, comprising at least partially inner coating and / or at least partially filling the hollow structure natural fiber with the substance. And the process.
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ITMI2014A000700 | 2014-04-15 | ||
ITMI20140700 | 2014-04-15 | ||
PCT/IB2015/052713 WO2015159219A1 (en) | 2014-04-15 | 2015-04-14 | Process for improving the chemical and/or physical properties of hollow-structure natural fibers |
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US (1) | US20170037565A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3132085A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2017514027A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20160147779A (en) |
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CN109267360A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-25 | 何小莹 | A kind of photocatalysis antibacterial ramie cotton fabric |
CN109774282B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-03-05 | 杭州友普装饰材料有限公司 | Fire-resistant antibacterial curtain fabric and preparation method thereof |
CN110359286A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-22 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of doughnut durability water-repellent finishing method |
CN112538759B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-07-30 | 绍兴迈宝科技有限公司 | Preparation method of free radical grafting regenerated cellulose yarn |
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EP3132085A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
KR20160147779A (en) | 2016-12-23 |
WO2015159219A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
CN106414840A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
US20170037565A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
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