JP2017503999A - Inductive supply air terminal unit with high air induction rate, method of providing high air induction rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an induction supply air terminal apparatus in which a primary air flow is used to induce a secondary air flow, wherein the nozzles each comprise one or more groups of three or more nozzles. The present invention relates to an induction supply air terminal device provided in a form. The population may be arranged according to a predetermined pattern that depends on the desired air induction pattern.

Description

  The present invention relates to an induction supply air terminal device in which a primary air flow is used to induce a secondary air flow having a high air induction rate.

  The induction supply air terminal device necessarily consists of a primary supply air chamber, a mixing chamber, and at least one heat exchanger. From the primary supply air chamber, the primary air exits through one or several nozzles and is supplied to the mixing chamber. The secondary air is directed to the mixing chamber through a heat exchanger where the secondary air can be heated or cooled. The primary supply air induces secondary air, both of which mix in the mixing chamber. This mixed air is then directed to an indoor space that is conditioned.

  The present invention provides such an inductively supplied air terminal device in which the air induction rate between the primary air and the secondary air does not compromise the equipment capability or energy. Increased costs can be increased or aside from (primary air flow) requirements.

  Solutions for treating room air often involve the supply of air via cooling, heating or refrigeration beams. In such a refrigeration beam, supply air is supplied into the room, while a specific room air volume is sucked into the mixing chamber through a heating or cooling coil by induction effects, thereby heating or cooling in the mixing chamber. Then, it is mixed with the supply air, returned to the room and circulated.

  A refrigeration beam is a component of an air treatment system that is used for cooling, heating, or aeration purposes. A commonly referred to cooling beam, heating beam, or refrigeration beam is a cooling beam, not by the ability of cooling or heating to require an air treatment unit to handle the entire cooling or heating load. It offers several advantages for a specified volume of space in that it can be met by different conditions, such as the supply of cold or hot water being piped into the water.

  The refrigeration beam can be either passive or active, depending on the nature of the convection process used. Passive refrigeration beams use a natural convection process in which an air treatment device is provided in an embedded box or a box suspended from the ceiling. In an active refrigeration beam, ventilation is introduced into a pressurized chamber, also referred to as a plenum or supply air chamber, and is introduced through a small air nozzle to enhance the natural convection of the air.

  An important consideration in any refrigeration beam system is that the moisture content of the room air must be below the dew point condition. This is important to avoid condensation on the surface of the refrigeration beam or the surface of the water pipe. The dew point condition is typically determined based on the lowest temperature at the surface of the refrigeration beam. Only when the primary air is sufficiently dry and present in a large volume, the internal latent heat load is removed by ventilation. Conventional dehumidification techniques require a defined minimum required air permeability to maintain the moisture level of the indoor air at a desired level, since moisture removal is limited to these techniques. Improved dehumidification technology in the air treatment unit means that greater dehumidification of the air is possible, thereby further reducing the minimum required air permeability, or as mandated by code or design obtain.

  The cooling capacity of the active refrigeration beam is based on the amount of room air (secondary air) circulating through the heat exchanger. This secondary air volume depends on the induction rate of the nozzle and the primary air volume. Here, when the primary air volume can be reduced, the induction rate needs to be improved to maintain the same cooling capacity by maintaining the secondary air volume.

  The following table illustrates some of the attempts / problems in increasing air induction.

  It is beneficial from the point of view of energy use in the HVAC system to minimize the primary air flow and maximize the induction. The induction rate should be maximized with as little primary air flow as possible and as short an induction length as possible.

  In current products, the induction rate is controlled by changing the size of the nozzle. The smaller nozzles each have a higher induction rate due to the longer perimeter compared to the same total area nozzle with a larger diameter. As the nozzles become larger, the air jet diameter in the discharge slot becomes larger, so the minimum distance between the nozzles also increases. This limits the number of nozzles per linear distance of the beam. In each case, for a small nozzle, the maximum primary air volume is limited based on the chamber pressure. Another concept for increasing the induction rate is to shape the nozzle so that the peripheral length of the nozzle is longer with the same opening area. This can be achieved by shaping the nozzle like a flower instead of a circle. A third method is to have a venturi in the mixing chamber.

  As described above, several methods have been proposed in the art to enhance or increase the air induction rate. Some of the solutions include nozzle changes or holes intended to allow feed air to pass through.

  These solutions provided in the art include diversity in the nozzle or hole design through which the primary air passes and the air flow after these holes is mixed with the recirculating room air. It creates a condition for reaching the zone where both air streams are brought together before flowing out into the room. The flow exiting the pressure chamber is controlled by several holes or nozzles configured in different forms.

  This type of device typically has several nozzles to direct the secondary air flow. These nozzles can be either holes, slots, drill collars, cones, or any other shape. In the case of multiple nozzles, the nozzles can be arranged in such a way as to form one or several elongated rows. Smaller nozzles have a higher induction rate, but also have a smaller primary air flow rate at any given static chamber pressure. The nozzle size is selected to provide the primary air flow required at a given primary air chamber pressure.

  Inductive supply air terminal devices are used at various primary air flow rates, so the same device has larger and / or smaller nozzles, or adjustable opening area to set the desired supply air flow It may consist of a nozzle. Common for the solution is the ratio between the primary air volume and the secondary air volume, which is controlled to meet the desired primary air flow and cooling / heating capacity. An example of a known solution is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,049, where an induction supply air terminal device comprises a primary air chamber in which several nozzles or discharge openings are present.

  U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,051 with characterized discharge holes (here nozzles) consists of two groups (7, 8) oriented laterally in different directions. These groups are composed of two elongated slots (13, 16) that are equidistant and have an adjustable area for setting the desired supply air flow.

  Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,051 with characterized discharge holes of different sizes consists of different groups. At any given time, each group can have only one active exhaust hole, and these active holes in each group are of similar characteristics and in adjacent groups Located equidistant from the active hole. Used to limit the primary air flow rate.

  Patent Documents 4 and 5 describe a nozzle having a corrugated outlet edge. This has the effect of reducing the noise emitted from the nozzle and improves the mixing of the primary air flow and the secondary air flow, thereby increasing the rate at which the primary air flow can induce the secondary air flow. In this example, the ratio of the periphery to the cross-sectional area of the preferred nozzle shape is at least 1.3 times the ratio of the periphery to the cross-sectional area for a circle of the same area.

  While smaller nozzles have a larger induction rate, smaller opening areas do not allow the smaller nozzles to supply the same amount of primary air as the larger nozzles, so the amount of induced secondary air flow is also smaller. It means that. By reducing the distance (d) between the nozzles to a value smaller than the diameter of the air jet (h), the reduced induction length (l) and the resulting reduced secondary air flow Bring.

  Another way to induce a higher level of secondary air flow is to use a venturi inside the mixing chamber. The venturi increases the secondary air flow when the size of the restriction is equal to the diameter of the air jet. It has also been found that the venturi effect is better when the velocity of the centerline of the air jet is higher. Thus, for small air flow rates, the optimal position of the venturi is closer to the nozzle than at higher air flow rates. Based on changing demands, this inductive supply air terminal device can be used with different air flow rates and thus with adjustable venturi position.

  In the example of US Pat. No. 6,057,049, an inductive supply air terminal apparatus with a mixing chamber consisting of a fixed venturi having a generally circular cross-section with different diameters along its length is described.

International Publication No. 98/09115 Pamphlet European Patent Application No. 1188992 International Publication No. 2011/040853 Pamphlet WO96 / 28697 pamphlet European Patent No. 0813672

  The optimal venturi location and diameter depends on the primary air volume and nozzle size. Different combinations give different jet sizes at the venturi throttle. This effectively increases guidance if the throttle diameter is too small or too large relative to the jet diameter, as may be in a fixed venturi, or positioned at a non-optimal distance from the nozzle. Or even reduce induction.

  The present invention first has many smaller nozzles (populations) with a larger perimeter area compared to the open area that supplies air from the pressurized plenum to the mixing chamber, so that Increase induction at. Second, the adjustable venturi can optimally position the venturi's iris, thus further increasing the guidance near the discharge opening. This combination provides the greatest induction rate, thus allowing the design of an active refrigeration beam that provides the cooling capacity per linear distance required by a smaller primary air volume.

  The state-of-the-art operation and innovation of the device is depicted in the accompanying drawings.

It is a figure which shows the operating principle of an induction supply air terminal device. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the principle of operation of the nozzle for different nozzle distances, assuming that the primary air flow rate (4) and the size and shape of the nozzle (5) are the same for all nozzles. FIG. 5 shows the group of nozzles grouped together, the induction rate of the nozzles, the required primary air flow, the amount of air induced, along with the principle of action of the nozzles (larger and smaller nozzles). Is just an indicator to explain the principle). It is a figure which shows the innovation, ie, the principle of the group of multiple nozzles. It is a figure which shows the example of the row | line | column of the group of a multiple nozzle. It is a figure which shows the operation principle of the induction supply air terminal device provided with the venturi. Diagram showing adjustable venturi throttling based on primary air volume (qv), induced secondary air volume, and nozzle surface area (A) to achieve optimum velocity (v) in venturi throttling . FIG. 7 shows an adjustable venturi arrangement in which different optimally shaped and sized elements are utilized either alone or in combination to create a venturi aperture. It is a figure which shows the apparatus provided only with collective nozzle arrangement | positioning. FIG. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a combination of collective nozzle arrangements with a fixed venturi is provided. FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which an adjustable venturi combination with a single nozzle is provided. FIG. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a combination of collective nozzle arrangements with adjustable venturi is provided.

  The present invention is an induction supply air terminal apparatus in which a primary air flow is used to induce a secondary air flow, wherein the nozzles each comprise one or more groups of three or more nozzles. The present invention relates to an induction supply air terminal device provided in a form. The population may be arranged according to a predetermined pattern that depends on the desired air induction pattern.

  The present invention also provides an inductive supply air terminal apparatus equipped with an adjustable venturi that allows both distance and throttle size to be adjusted based on primary air volume and nozzle surface area.

  In another embodiment, the present invention provides an inductive air terminal supply device wherein the primary air flow is used to induce a secondary air flow, wherein the nozzles are each one or more groups of three or more nozzles. There is also provided an inductive air terminal supply device provided in the form of a collective arrangement comprising: a venturi device provided to enhance the flow of secondary air. The venturi can be either a fixed venturi or an adjustable venturi.

In the present invention, the nozzle arrangement comprises a small population of nozzles instead of being equidistantly arranged in elongated rows. The population can be formed from different patterns as depicted in FIG. In this case, an air jet from a group of multiple nozzles creates a multiple air jet zone of length (l ₁ ). These multiple air jets converge into a single air jet at distance l ₁ to form a single air jet zone of length (l ₂ ). The distance (d ₁ ) between the rows of nozzles in the population is less than the distance (d ₂ ) between the two populations of nozzles.

  The induction rate resulting from the air jets created by the multiple nozzle rows in the population is greater compared to the induction rate of a single nozzle air jet having the same open area as the nozzles grouped together.

  The population may have more nozzle rows starting from 3 based on the required surface area to be created.

  The secondary air flow induced by the primary air flow from a single nozzle with a surface area equal to the surface area of the multi-nozzle row in the population is the secondary air flow induced by the same amount of primary air flow from the multi-nozzle population. Smaller than.

  The present invention thus comprises a primary supply air chamber (1), at least one mixing chamber (2) that opens into an air-conditioned room space, and at least one or no heat exchanger (3), An inductive supply air terminal apparatus is provided. The apparatus is provided with a primary air stream (4) to induce a secondary air stream (6) that is heated or cooled as it flows through the heat exchanger (3) and is directed to the mixing chamber (2). An array of multiple nozzles in the form of a group (5) is provided that feeds into at least one mixing chamber (2), in which the primary supply air (4) and the secondary air (6) ) Both, thereby leading this mixed air (7) to an indoor space (8) that is then conditioned with a high air induction rate.

  In one embodiment, multiple nozzle rows in a population may have more than two nozzles.

  In another embodiment, the nozzles in the population can be circular, rectangular, elliptical, or corrugated in shape.

  In yet another embodiment of the invention, the nozzles in the population can be holes, perforation collars in the metal plate, or conical nozzles that are secured to openings in the metal plate.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the nozzles in the population can be made from either metal (iron or aluminum), plastic, or rubber.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air jet from a population of multi-nozzle length to focus at a distance l ₁ into a single air jet multiple air jets creating a band, the length of (l ₁₎ (l ₂₎ Forming a single air jet zone.

In a further embodiment, the distance (d ₁ ) between the rows of nozzles in the population is less than the distance (d ₂ ) between any two populations of nozzles.

  In embodiments where the air induction rate is enhanced by the use of an adjustable venturi, the nozzle or nozzle in combination with the venturi, whether used in combination with a single nozzle, multiple nozzles in a group, or other methods The induction rate resulting from the air jets created by the multiple nozzle rows in the population is greater than when compared to the induction rate of the air jets originating from the nozzles alone.

Turning now to FIG. 6, the position (x) of the venturi (9) is based on the centerline velocity (v) and the diameter (h) of the air jet at the venturi throttle. Therefore, for smaller exit velocity at the nozzle (v _e), aperture of the venturi would closer to the nozzle than if it is greater than the exit velocity (v _e) in the nozzle. The exit velocity (v _e) is dependent primary air flow (4) in the opening area of the nozzle. The speed of the central line (v) are dependent on the exit velocity (v _e) and the secondary air and the flow (6) in the nozzle. At the same time, the throttle diameter (y) of the venturi needs to be set equal to the diameter (h) of the air jet at the same position (x).

  Referring now to FIG. 8, the venturi (9) consists of two different optimally sized and shaped elements that can be used singly or integrally to create a venturi throttle (9). The central part of the venturi (9a) creates a basic venturi throttle (9) for a larger mixed air flow (7). The reduced portion (9b) of the venturi (9), when two of them are installed in parallel, both reduce the venturi throttle size (y4 <y3) and reduce the throttle distance to the nozzle (5) Is optimally shaped so that it moves closer to (x4 <x3). The reduction part (9b) is installed in the opposite direction to create a throttle of medium size (y4 <y5 <y3) and / or to change the progression of the mixed air flow jet (7) obtain. The central portion (9a) and the reduced portion (9b) of the venturi are both removable and re-installable. Both the central portion (9a) and the reduced portion (9b) of the venturi can be made from a solid material, can be hollow, can be inflatable, or can be formed from a metal plate.

  In embodiments that include the use of a venturi device, whether in combination with a single nozzle or a group of nozzles, the induction supply air terminal device opens into the primary supply air chamber (1) and the conditioned indoor space. At least one mixing chamber (2), at least one or no heat exchanger (3), heated or cooled when flowing through the heat exchanger (3) and into the mixing chamber (2) Multiple nozzles in a single nozzle or group (5) supplying a primary air stream (4) to at least one mixing chamber (2) to induce a secondary air stream (6) to be guided; In the mixing chamber (2), both the primary supply air (4) and the secondary air (6) mix so that the mixed air (7) is then conditioned It is guided into the space (8), adjustable venturi (9) is provided for increasing the flow rate (6) of the secondary air.

  In one embodiment, the position (x) of the venturi (9) is based on the optimum centerline velocity (v) at the venturi throttle, which velocity (v) is the amount of primary air flow (4), nozzle Open area and secondary air flow (6).

  In another embodiment, the venturi throttle diameter (y) is set equal to the diameter (h) of the air jet at the same location (x).

  In another embodiment, the position (x) of the venturi (9) and / or the throttle diameter (y) of the venturi (9) is adjusted manually or automatically by an actuator. In another embodiment, the shape and type of the venturi (9) may vary and can be a solid, inflatable, or curved metal / plastic plate that is secured at one end and the other adjustable end.

Through experiments that have been performed, there has been a clear increase in air induction using various arrangements embodied in the present invention. That means
(A) A collective nozzle arrangement with a fixed venturi.
(B) Adjustable venturi with a single nozzle.
(C) Adjustable venturi with a population of nozzles.
(D) A refrigeration beam provided with each of the above combinations.

  This data is summarized in the following table.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Primary supply air chamber 2 Mixing chamber 3 Heat exchanger 4 Primary air flow 5 Nozzle, group 6 Secondary air flow, secondary air flow rate 7 Mixed air flow 8 Indoor space 9 Venturi 9a Central part 9b Reduction part A Nozzle Surface area d ₁ distance d ₂ distance h Air jet diameter l ₁ length, distance l ₂ length qv Primary air volume v Optimal velocity, centerline velocity v _e outlet velocity x position y throttle diameter

Claims (31)

A primary supply air chamber (1) connected to at least one mixing chamber (2) open to an indoor space (8) to be conditioned, and at least one connected to each of the mixing chambers (2). With or without heat exchanger (3),
Multiple nozzle rows are provided on one surface of the primary supply air chamber (1) in the form of a cluster (5) to supply a primary air stream (4) to at least one mixing chamber (2) to generate heat. Directing a secondary air stream (6) that is heated or cooled as it flows through the exchanger (3) and that is directed to the mixing chamber (2);
In the mixing chamber (2), both the primary supply air (4) and the secondary air (6) mix, so that this mixed air (7) then has a high air induction rate. An induction supply air terminal device, which is led to the indoor space (8) to be conditioned.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-nozzle row in a group comprises more than two nozzles.   The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzles in a population are selected from circular, rectangular, elliptical, and corrugated nozzles.   3. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzles in a cluster comprise a conical nozzle fixed to a hole, a perforation collar in a metal plate, or an opening in the metal plate.   5. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the nozzles in the population are made from metal, plastic or rubber. The group of multiple nozzles forms a multi-air jet zone of length (l ₁ ) by an air jet, the zone converges into a single air jet at a distance l ₁ , of length (l ₂ ) 6. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, which forms a single air jet zone. The apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the distance (d ₁ ) between the rows of nozzles in the population is less than the distance (d ₂ ) between any two populations of nozzles.   The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a venturi device is additionally provided in the air jet zone at a predetermined distance from the group of nozzle rows.   9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the venturi is a fixed venturi.   The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the venturi is an adjustable venturi.   The position of the venturi is a function of the optimum centerline velocity at the venturi throttle, and further depends on the flow rate of the primary air flow, the opening area of the nozzle, and the secondary air flow. Item 11. The apparatus according to any one of Items 8 to 10.   12. A device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the throttle diameter of the venturi is set equal to the diameter of the air jet at the same location.   13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the position of the venturi and / or the throttle diameter of the venturi is adjustable manually or automatically by an actuator.   14. The venturi of any of claims 8 to 13, wherein the venturi is selected from a solid venturi, an inflatable venturi, or a venturi with a curved metal / plastic plate secured at one end and an adjustable other end. A device according to claim 1. A primary supply air chamber (1), at least one mixing chamber (2) open to an air-conditioned room space (8), a heat exchanger (3) with or without at least one, said primary One or more nozzles provided in the supply air chamber (1), supplying a primary air flow (4) to the at least one mixing chamber (2) and flowing through the heat exchanger (3) One or more nozzles, sometimes heated or cooled and directing a secondary air flow (6) directed to the mixing chamber (2),
In the mixing chamber (2) both the primary supply air (4) and the secondary air (6) mix so that the mixed air (7) is then conditioned in the room to be conditioned. Led to space (8),
Inductive supply air terminal device, wherein an adjustable venturi (9) is provided to increase the flow rate (6) of the secondary air.   The position of the venturi is a function of the optimum centerline velocity at the venturi throttle, and further depends on the flow rate of the primary air flow, the opening area of the nozzle, and the secondary air flow. Item 15. The device according to Item 15.   17. A device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the throttle diameter of the venturi is set equal to the diameter of the air jet at the same location.   18. Apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the position of the venturi and / or the throttle diameter of the venturi is adjustable manually or automatically by an actuator.   19. The venturi of any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the venturi is selected from a solid venturi, an inflatable venturi, or a venturi with a curved metal / plastic plate secured at one end and an adjustable other end. A device according to claim 1.   20. An apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the nozzles are present as a group of nozzles in a row. A primary supply air chamber (1), at least one mixing chamber (2) open to the conditioned indoor space (8), and a heat exchanger (3) with or without at least one. ,
A row of multiple nozzles is provided on one surface of the primary supply air chamber (1) in the form of a group (5), supplying a primary air stream (4) to the at least one mixing chamber (2); Directing a secondary air stream (6) that is heated or cooled when flowing through the heat exchanger (3) and that is directed to the mixing chamber (2);
In the mixing chamber (2) both the primary supply air (4) and the secondary air (6) mix so that the mixed air (7) is then conditioned in the room to be conditioned. Led to space (8),
Inductive supply air terminal device, wherein an adjustable venturi (9) is provided to increase the flow rate (6) of the secondary air.   The position of the venturi is a function of the optimum centerline velocity at the venturi throttle, and further depends on the flow rate of the primary air flow, the opening area of the nozzle, and the secondary air flow. Item 22. The device according to Item 21.   23. An apparatus according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the venturi throttle diameter is set equal to the diameter of the air jet at the same location.   24. Apparatus according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the position of the venturi and / or the throttle diameter of the venturi is adjustable manually or automatically by an actuator.   25. Any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the venturi is selected from a solid venturi, an inflatable venturi, or a venturi with a curved metal / plastic plate secured at one end and an adjustable other end. A device according to claim 1.   26. The apparatus according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the multi-nozzle row in a group comprises more than two nozzles.   27. Apparatus according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the nozzles in a population are selected from circular, rectangular, elliptical and corrugated nozzles.   27. Apparatus according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the nozzles in a cluster comprise a conical nozzle fixed to a hole, a perforation collar in a metal plate, or an opening in the metal plate.   29. Apparatus according to any one of claims 21 to 28, wherein the nozzles in the population are made from metal, plastic or rubber. The group of multiple nozzles forms a multi-air jet zone of length (l ₁ ) by an air jet, the zone converges into a single air jet at a distance l ₁ , of length (l ₂ ) 30. Apparatus according to any one of claims 21 to 29, wherein the apparatus forms a single air jet zone. The distance between the rows of nozzles in the population (d ₁₎ is the distance between any two populations of nozzles (d ₂₎ smaller than A device according to any one of claims 21 30.

Images