JP2017227056A - Large-sized sandbag for hydraulic engineering work - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a large-sized sandbag for hydraulic engineering work, which enables a stable attitude of the large-sized sandbag to be maintained over a long period of time, while reducing a manufacturing cost of the large-sized sandbag and improving the effect of preventing rolling of the large-sized sandbag.SOLUTION: A large-sized sandbag for hydraulic engineering work includes: an outer bag 20 with water permeability; an inclusive sheet 30 with water permeability; a plurality of binding means 50 for integrating overlapping parts of the outer bag 20 and the inclusive sheet 30 by binding them; and a fill material 40 with water permeability, which is housed in the inclusive sheet 30. The outer bag 20 restrains the fill material 40 by enveloping the same via the inclusive sheet 30 in which the fill material 40 is wrapped.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a large sandbag for hydroworks that can be used for prevention of scouring, erosion prevention, revetment or breakwater on rivers and coasts.

As disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like, a large sandbag for scouring prevention in which a purse-like bag body is directly filled with a filling material is widely known.
Patent Document 2 discloses a large sandbag in which a bag body is doubled by combining an inner bag filled with padded soil and a purse-like outer bag that accommodates the inner bag.
The inner bag is a non-woven bag body that can regulate the outflow of the padded earth and sand, and after filling the padded earth and sand, the opening is closed and tied with a rope or the like.
The outer bag is a bag formed of a coarse knitted fabric material. After the inner bag is housed inside, the outer bag is wrapped around the opening of the outer bag and wrapped around the rope several times to make a large sandbag.
The large sandbag described in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which an inner bag and an outer bag are separated and independent.
In order to ensure the flatness of large sandbags, when filling a large sandbag, do not fill the padded sand so that an unfilled space of 25% to 80% of the height is formed above the sandbag. Filled.

Japanese Utility Model Publication 1-1141815 JP 2000-1828 A

The large sandbag disclosed in Patent Document 2 has the following problems.
<1> The inner bag and the outer bag are structurally separated and independent, and the inside earth and sand are loosely packed.
For this reason, when used for root-carrying work in torrent rivers, as the soil particles in the inner packing move to the downstream side, the inner packing sand is deformed into a spherical shape, and the inner bag that is deformed into a spherical shape is the outer bag. Roll inside.
When the inner bag rolls, the outer bag also follows this, so that the large sandbag tends to rotate toward the downstream side.
<2> When a plurality of large sandbags are laid in tandem along the direction of water flow, an “override phenomenon” occurs in which the upstream large sandbag rolls over the downstream large sandbag. At this time, the large sandbag on the upstream side rolls with the large sandbag on the downstream side.
<3> The inner bag has a low water permeability so that the soil particles do not permeate in order to use the padded earth and sand, and since the porosity of the padded earth and sand itself is low, the water permeability of the entire large sandbag is low. It will be a thing.
Therefore, the effect of preventing scouring and erosion by large sandbags is not fully achieved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide at least one of the following large sandbags for water works.
<1> To simplify the construction of large sandbags and reduce the production cost of large sandbags.
<2> The stable posture of the large sandbag can be maintained for a long time while improving the rolling prevention effect of the large sandbag.
<3> The effect of preventing scouring and erosion can be improved as compared with conventional large sandbags having a hardly water-permeable structure.

The present invention is a large soil container for hydraulic engineering filled with a filling material inside and made of a water-permeable material, and is accommodated in an outer bag having a drawstring bag shape and the outer bag. An inner sheet, a plurality of bundling means for binding the outer bag and a part to be polymerized of the inner sheet in advance so as to be unrollable, and an inner packing material accommodated in the inner sheet and having water permeability. And the outer bag holds and restrains the inner filling material via the inner sheet in which the inner filling material is wrapped.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the inner sheet is a sheet that can be covered without exposing the entire filling material, and has a larger planar area than that when the outer bag is unfolded.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer bag includes a binding rope and an endless hanging rope each inserted through a mesh of the opening, and the binding rope is suspended from the center of the opening of the outer bag. Located inside the rope.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer bag and the inner sheet are made of a material having both water permeability and stretchability, and the elongation rate of the inner sheet is greater than the elongation rate of the outer bag.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of binding means binds between the body portion of the outer bag and the inner sheet, which are superposed.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of binding means may employ any one of a hook-and-loop fastener, a C link, a carabiner, a binding band, a binding rope, and a binding belt.

The present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects.
<1> Since the filling material is wrapped in the inner sheet, a purse-like inner bag having a tied-up rope becomes unnecessary.
Therefore, it is easy to produce a large sandbag for hydraulic engineering, and the production cost can be reduced.
<2> Since the inner sheet and the outer bag body are integrated so as not to roll through a plurality of binding means, the rolling prevention effect of large sandbags for hydraulic works is not only greatly improved, but also overcoming sandbags. The stable posture of the large sandbag for hydraulic works can be maintained for a long time by suppressing the phenomenon.
<3> Since the outer bag, the inner sheet, and the filling material constituting the large sandbag for water engineering have good water permeability, the water permeability of the entire large sandbag for water engineering becomes high.
Therefore, the scouring prevention and the erosion prevention effect are remarkably improved as compared with the conventional large sandbag having a hardly water-permeable structure.

A perspective view of a large sandbag for water works with some parts omitted Explanatory drawing of components for large sandbags for waterworks manufactured using molds Partial enlarged view of the opening of the outer bag It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the large sandbag for hydraulic works, (a) is explanatory drawing of the process of setting an outer bag in a formwork, (b) is the bundling process of the inclusion sheet accommodated in the outer bag, Explanatory drawing of the process of putting the filling material into the inclusion sheet, (c) is an explanatory view of the process of sealing the filling material with the inclusion sheet, and (d) is the demolding process of the completed large sandbag for hydraulic works. Illustration The top view of the opening part of an outer bag for demonstrating the closing process of the opening part of an outer bag Model diagram of large sandbag for waterworks to explain characteristics

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<1> Large sandbag for water works (Fig. 1)
The large sandbag 10 for waterworks is made of a material having water permeability, and includes an outer bag 20 having a drawstring bag shape, one or a plurality of inclusion sheets 30 housed in the outer bag 20 and made of a material having water permeability, A plurality of bundling means 50 for bundling and integrating the overlapping portions of the bag 20 and the encapsulating sheet 30 and a filling material 40 having a high porosity that is accommodated and held in the encapsulating sheet 30 are provided.
The inner sheet 20 does not restrain the inner filling material 40 alone, but the outer bag 30 has a structure for holding and restraining the inner filling material 40 via the inner packaging sheet 20.

<2> Outer bag The outer bag 20 is a bottomed bag-like bag body manufactured using a knitted fabric material having water permeability and stretchability, and is endlessly bound by being inserted into a mesh along the opening. A rope 21 and a suspension rope 22 are attached.
The outer bag 20 is a bag body that restrains the filling material 40 via the inner sheet 20.
Although the volume of the outer bag 20 may be properly selected depending on the Shito, practically is preferably in the range of 1m ³ ~5m ^3.

<2.1> Example of outer bag material As the knitted fabric material of the outer bag 20, for example, a knotless knitted fabric (knotless net, raschel net) knitted in a single or double mesh can be used. With a mesh of
As the knitting yarn for knitting the knitted fabric, for example, synthetic fiber yarns such as polyester fiber yarns, polyamide fiber yarns, polyacrylic fiber yarns, or natural fiber yarns such as cotton yarn and hemp yarn can be used alone or in combination. .
Practically, a Russell network in which synthetic fiber yarns such as polyethylene (400 d / 90 pieces, strength 140 kgf / 2 leg) are knitted double can be used.
The mesh of the outer bag 20 is set to a size that does not leak the filling material 40, and is practically formed to 37.5 mm × 37.5 mm.

<2.2> Rope Describing with reference to FIG. 3, the outer bag 20 includes a tying rope 21 and an endless suspending rope 22 that are respectively inserted through the mesh of the opening.
The tying rope 21 is inserted into the mesh at the end of the opening of the outer bag 20 and is connected to both ends thereof to be endless.
The suspension rope 22 is inserted into a mesh at a position below the tying rope 21 with respect to the opening portion of the outer bag 20, and has both ends connected to each other.
The tying rope 21 is located on the inner side (opening end side) of the hanging rope 22 with respect to the center of the opening of the outer bag 20.
The reason that the tying rope 21 is positioned on the inner side of the hanging rope 22 is that the opening portion of the outer bag 20 is closed without being affected by the hanging rope 22 and that the sealed portion of the opening portion is protruding. This is to avoid the problem.
The suspension rope 22 is used by pulling a plurality of openings in a loop shape when lifting.

<3> Encapsulation sheet The encapsulation sheet 30 is a cloth-like or sheet-like article made of a knitted fabric material having water permeability and stretchability.
In this example, a form in which one sheet 30 is used is shown, but it is also possible to use a plurality of sheets 30 by overlapping the center of the belt-shaped sheet 30.

<3.1> Size and shape of inclusion sheet The inclusion sheet 30 is a sheet that can be wrapped without exposing the entire filling material 40, and has a larger plane area than the plane area when the outer bag 20 is unfolded. It only has to be.
The planar shape of the inner sheet 30 is not particularly limited, and may be a polygon such as a square, a star, a circle, an ellipse, or the like.

<3.2> Example of material of inclusion sheet As the inclusion sheet 30, for example, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a resin molding material, or the like can be used.
When a knitted fabric material is used, a knotless knitted fabric (no knotted net, Russell net) knitted in single or double with nylon (1260d / 90, strength 45kgf / 2 leg) synthetic fiber yarn is practical .
The mesh of the internal sheet 30 is set to a size that does not leak the filling material 40. Practically, when a 40 mm aggregate is used for the filling material 40, the mesh of the inclusion sheet 30 is, for example, 37.5 mm × 37.5 mm.
The reason why the inner sheet 30 is used as it is without bag processing is to eliminate the bag processing by troublesome sewing and to reduce the cost, and to easily perform the filling operation and filling operation of the filling material 40.

<3.3> Relation between elongation rate of outer bag and inner sheet The outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 described above are formed of a raschel knitted fabric, and thus have an appropriate stretchability.
If the elongation rate of the inner sheet 30 is set to be larger than the elongation rate of the outer bag 20, the deformation followability of the inner sheet 30 with respect to the outer bag 20 becomes high.

<4> Filling material The filling material 40 can be a hard granule having a larger porosity than earth and sand. For example, natural aggregates such as gravel, crushed stone and cobblestone, concrete glass, and fired bodies of various wastes. Select as appropriate according to the usage.

<5> Bundling means The outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are integrally connected through a plurality of bundling means 50.
The reason why the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are integrated is to restrain the inner sheet 30 from rolling together with the filling material 40 in the outer bag 20.
Here, “integrated” does not mean that the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are fixed in surface contact with each other, but a plurality of portions of the polymerized outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are loosely formed (outside This means that the bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are partially fixed in a state that allows free displacement.
The bundling means 50 is loosely bundled so that excessive stress is not applied to the bundling means 50.

<5.1> Installation Position of Bundling Means In this example, a configuration is shown in which a plurality of binding means 50 are installed at intervals in the horizontal position at the center of the trunk of the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic engineering. You may install in multiple stages in the trunk | drum.
It is important to install at a position where excessive stress does not act on the binding means 50 when the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic works is lifted.

<5.2> Example of Bundling Unit As the bundling unit 50, for example, known binding materials such as a hook-and-loop fastener, a C link, a carabiner, a binding band (insulok), a binding rope, and a binding belt can be used.
Since both the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are made of a knitted fabric material, the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 can be bound by a simple operation of inserting the binding means 50 into the mesh of the polymerized knitted fabric material and winding it.

[Manufacturing method for large sandbags for water works]
Next, with reference to FIG. 4, a manufacturing method of the large sandbag 10 for the watercraft using the mold 60 will be described.

<1> Assembly of outer bag and inner sheet The outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are assembled together in the following manner.

<1.1> Set of outer bag (FIG. 4 (a))
A mold 60 having an inverted frustoconical shape (mortar shape) is prepared by opening up and down.
The outer bag 20 is housed inside the mold 60. A portion near the opening of the outer bag 20 that has been greatly opened is folded outwardly and placed over the upper opening of the mold 60.

<1.2> Set of inclusion sheet (FIG. 4B)
Next, the inner sheet 30 inserted into the outer bag 20 is developed so as to follow the shape of the inner surface of the mold 60 and is formed into a mortar shape with the upper mouth open.
When the inner sheet 30 is developed in conformity with the shape of the mold 60, a part of the inner sheet 30 is bent by being polymerized.
The curved portion of the inner sheet 30 may be temporarily fixed using a connecting pin, a rope, a string, an adhesive, or the like.
Each corner of the enveloping sheet 30 formed in a mortar shape protrudes outward from the mold 60 in the shape of a petal, and a part of the encapsulating sheet 30 protruding from the mold 60 is formed as the remaining sheet portion 31.

<1.3> Attaching the binding means (FIG. 4B)
Next, a plurality of fastening means 50 are attached between the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 to integrate the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30.
In this example, the case where the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are assembled in the mold 60 has been described. However, the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 assembled together in advance are set in the mold 60. It is also possible.

<2> Encapsulation of Filling Material A predetermined amount of filling material 40 is charged and enclosed in the internal sheet 30 in the following manner.

<2.1> Inserting the filling material (FIG. 4B)
The filling material 40 is introduced through the upper opening of the encapsulating sheet 30 spreading outward in a petal shape.
Since no ropes are provided at the opening of the inner sheet 30, the opening operation of the upper mouth of the inner sheet 30 can be easily performed.
Furthermore, since the plurality of binding means 50 integrate the inner sheet 30 into the outer bag 20, it is possible to effectively prevent the inner sheet 30 from being pulled in when the filling material 40 is introduced.

<2.2> Cover sealing with an encapsulating sheet (FIG. 4C)
After the filling material 40 is put in, the plurality of remaining sheet portions 31 are folded inward to cover the filling material 40, so that the filling material 40 can be put in and sealed in a short time.
Since the plurality of remaining sheet portions 31 have dimensions that can cover the entire filling material 40, the filling material 40 can be sealed by a simple operation of simply overlapping the plurality of remaining sheet portions 31 with each other.
Since the inner sheet 30 is not in the form of a bag but in the form of a sheet, the entire filling material 40 can be covered without any gaps.
The remaining sheet portions 31 may be left in a covered state without being fixed, and when the remaining sheet portions 31 have large dimensions, the end portions of the remaining sheet portions 31 may be connected to each other.

<3> Tightening the outer bag (Figure 5)
A method of closing the opening of the outer bag 20 by the tying rope 21 is known.
That is, a hook such as a crane is hung on a loop portion from which a plurality of portions of the suspension rope 22 are drawn, and the bottom of the outer bag 20 is lifted to a level that slightly rises from the ground to eliminate the looseness of the knitted fabric of the outer bag 20.
With the tension applied to the suspension rope 22, the tying rope 21 located above the suspension rope 22 is tightened to close the opening of the outer bag 20.
When the hook is lifted, the opening of the outer bag 20 is squeezed and reduced by the suspending rope 22, so that two portions of the slackening tying rope 21 near the upper side are pulled out and squeezed, and the extra length of the tying rope 21 pulled out. The parts are tied together to complete the production of a large sandbag 10 for water works.

<4> Demolding (FIG. 4 (d))
The large sandbag 10 for hydraulic engineering is removed from the mold 60.
As a demolding method, for example, when the mold 60 has an inverted frustoconical shape as in this example, the mold 60 can be demolded by lifting it up as it is, and the mold 60 can be disassembled. The mold 60 can be removed by disassembling.
The large sandbag 10 for waterworks produced in this way is laid on a river or a coast.
In the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic works, the inner sheet 20 that covers the filling material 40 does not directly restrain the filling material 40, but the outer bag 30 restricts the filling material 40 through the containing sheet 20.
Moreover, since the filling material 40 is enclosed so that the outer bag 20 may be filled in the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic works, when the outer bag 20 is lifted, a large unfilled space is not formed in the upper part of the outer bag 20.
Therefore, when the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic engineering is laid, the flatness of the large sandbag is smaller than that of the conventional large sandbag.
In addition, since the outer bag 20 holding the inner sheet 20 prevents the remaining sheet portion 31 from curling, the filling material 40 is not exposed during the use of the large sandbag 10 for water works.

[Characteristics of large sandbags for hydraulic works]
Next, main characteristics of the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic engineering will be described with reference to FIG.

<1> Prevention of scouring and erosion The conventional large sandbags using earth and sand as the filling material have a low water permeability of the bag, so that the entire large sandbag is difficult to obtain good water permeability. The effect of preventing digging and preventing erosion could not be fully exhibited.
On the other hand, in the large sandbag 10 for water works of the present invention, the outer bag 20 and the inner sheet 30 are made of a knitted fabric material having water permeability, and the filling material 40 is also composed of a hard granule having a large porosity. Yes.
Therefore, the water permeability of the large sandbag 10 for water works is increased, and the scouring prevention and erosion prevention effects are remarkably improved as compared with the conventional large sandbag having a hardly water-permeable structure.

<2> Rolling prevention In the large sandbag 10 for water works, the filling material 40 is packed in the outer bag 30 in a full state so that the binding force of the outer bag 30 can be transmitted to the filling material 40 through the inner sheet 20. ing.
Further, the inner sheet 20 covering the filling material 40 is integrated with the outer bag 30 via a plurality of binding means 50.
Therefore, the movement of the filling material 40 in the inner sheet 20 is prevented, and the rolling of the inner sheet 20 in the outer bag 30 is also restricted.
For this reason, it has been confirmed by a demonstration experiment that the moving limit flow velocity (approximately 5.0 m / s) of the large sandbag 10 for hydraulic engineering is higher than the moving limit flow velocity (approximately 4.5 m / s) of the conventional large sandbag. Yes.
In particular, when a plurality of large hydraulic sandbags 10 are laid in tandem along the direction of water flow, it has been confirmed through demonstration experiments that the effect of preventing the large hydraulic sandbags 10 on the downstream side from getting over is higher than before. ing.

<3> Integral Behavior of Outer Bag and Inner Sheet The inner sheet 30 is not only in contact with the entire inner surface of the outer bag 20, but a plurality of locations are integrated via the binding means 50. And the outer bag 20 behaves integrally.
For this reason, for example, when a displacement force is generated in the filling material 40, the inner sheet 30 and the outer bag 20 behave together, so that an excessive tension is not applied to a part of the inner sheet 30 or the outer bag 20, The sheet 30 and the outer bag 20 are not easily torn.

<4> Unevenness When the elongation rate of the inner sheet 30 is set larger than the elongation rate of the outer bag 20, the deformation followability of the inner sheet 30 with respect to the outer bag 20 is improved.
Therefore, the followability of the large sandbag for hydraulic works 10 with respect to the unevenness of the laying surface is improved.

10 ········································································································································································ Hanging rope 30 Residual sheet part 40 ... Filling material 50 ... Bundling means 60 ... Formwork

The present invention is a large soil container for hydraulic engineering filled with a filling material inside and made of a water-permeable material, and is accommodated in an outer bag having a drawstring bag shape and the outer bag. An inner sheet, a plurality of bundling means for binding the outer bag and a part to be polymerized of the inner sheet in advance so as to be unrollable, and an inner packing material accommodated in the inner sheet and having water permeability. And the outer bag embraces and restrains the inner filling material through an inner sheet in which the entire filling material is wrapped in the form of a sheet.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the inner sheet is a sheet that can be covered without exposing the entire filling material, and has a larger planar area than that when the outer bag is unfolded.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer bag includes a binding rope and an endless hanging rope each inserted through a mesh of the opening, and the binding rope is suspended from the center of the opening of the outer bag. Located inside the rope.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer bag and the inner sheet are made of a material having both water permeability and stretchability, and the elongation rate of the inner sheet is greater than the elongation rate of the outer bag.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of binding means binds between the body portion of the outer bag and the inner sheet, which are superposed.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of binding means may employ any one of a hook-and-loop fastener, a C link, a carabiner, a binding band, a binding rope, and a binding belt.

Claims (6)

A large sandbag for waterworks that fills and fills the inside with filling material,
An outer bag made of a material having water permeability and presenting a drawstring bag shape,
An encapsulating sheet accommodated in the outer bag and having water permeability;
A plurality of bundling means for bundling a part of the outer bag and the inner sheet to be polymerized in advance so as to be unrollable
It is contained in the inclusion sheet, and comprises a filling material having water permeability,
The outer bag embraces and restrains the inner packing material through the inner sheet in which the inner packing material is wrapped,
Large sandbag for waterworks.   2. The watercraft according to claim 1, wherein the inner sheet is a sheet that can be covered without exposing the entire filling material, and has a larger flat area than a flat area when the outer bag is unfolded. Large sandbag.   The outer bag is provided with a tying rope inserted through the mesh of the opening and an endless hanging rope, and the tying rope is located inside the hanging rope with respect to the center of the opening of the outer bag. The large-sized soil dam for hydraulic works according to claim 1, characterized in that it is characteristic.   The large size for hydraulic works according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the outer bag and the inner sheet are made of a material having both water permeability and elasticity, and the elongation rate of the inner sheet is larger than the elongation rate of the outer bag. Sandbag.   2. The large-sized soil dam for hydraulic works according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of binding means binds between a body portion of the outer bag on which the plurality of binding means overlap and the inner sheet.   The large soil for hydraulic works according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the plurality of binding means are any one of a hook-and-loop fastener, a C link, a carabiner, a binding band, a binding rope, and a binding belt.

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