JP2017223380A - Multi-pressure condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-pressure condenser capable of suppressing a height of a condenser, in a large-sized high-capacity power generation plant enabling large output and installing three or more condensers therein.SOLUTION: A multi-pressure condenser is provided in a high-capacity power generation plant, and is configured to operate three or more condensers at difference degrees of vacuum. In the three or more condensers, included is a communication pipe connecting between a first condenser whose inner pressure is minimum, a second condenser whose inner pressure is higher than that of the first condenser, and a condenser other than the first and second condensers so as to guide condensed water from the first condenser to the condenser other than the second condenser.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a double pressure condenser.

  The power generation efficiency of a power plant equipped with a steam turbine, etc. is closely related to the vacuum level of the condenser, and maintaining the condenser vacuum level at a high vacuum is important to achieve high efficiency operation. . The condenser vacuum is affected by the temperature of the cooling water. For this reason, in power plants and the like that are placed inland and use cooling towers that cool cooling water using river or lake water as a coolant, the temperature of the cooling water does not decrease sufficiently, and a high degree of vacuum can be maintained. It can be difficult.

  In order to solve such a problem, it is known to improve the degree of condenser vacuum by using a double pressure condenser. In this method, in a plant where a plurality of low-pressure steam turbines are installed, the steam chambers of a plurality of condensers each having a low-pressure steam turbine are separated from each other, and each condenser is operated at a different degree of vacuum. is there. When this method is adopted, the average vacuum degree is improved and the plant efficiency is improved as compared with the single pressure condenser.

  By the way, in the double pressure condenser, the temperature of the condensed water stored in the hot well in the high vacuum (low pressure) condenser is lower than the temperature of the condensed water in the condensers of other vacuum degrees. Condensate water coming out of the condenser is heated using a heat exchanger and sent to a boiler or nuclear reactor. However, if the condensate is at a low temperature, for example, the amount of extracted steam required for heating will increase. It becomes a factor which reduces efficiency. For this reason, the system which heats the condensed water of a low-pressure condenser with the steam whose comparatively high temperature of a high-pressure condenser is comparatively high, and sends it downstream is adopted. As an example of the condensed water heating method, there is a method in which the condensed water of the low-pressure condenser is once transferred to the high-pressure condenser through a connecting pipe and heated (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

  Thus, when a connecting pipe is provided between condensers with different internal pressures for heating condensed water, it is necessary to provide the connecting pipe with a head for the deviation of the internal pressure. It is necessary to provide a predetermined length (height) in the longitudinal direction of the connecting pipe. Also, it is necessary to secure the distance (height) between the outlet of the connecting pipe in the high pressure condenser and the hot well water surface so that the condensed water led to the high pressure condenser is sufficiently heated and dripped into the hot well. is there.

  Therefore, it is known that the height of the condenser increases in the double pressure condenser as compared with the single pressure condenser. As the height of the condenser increases, the manufacturing cost of the condenser and the building will be affected. Therefore, as a measure to suppress the increase in the height of the condenser, the double pressure condenser with a devised shape of the heating section (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP-A-11-173768

Akinori Kojima, “Multistage Pressure Condenser”, Thermal Power Generation, Thermal Power Generation Technology Association, October 1970, Vol. 21, No. 10, P23-P27

  In a large-capacity power plant having a large power generation output, it is generally necessary to install three or more low-pressure steam turbines in order to convert a relatively large amount of steam generated in a nuclear reactor or boiler into power generation energy. For this reason, for example, when adopting a multi-pressure condenser for three low-pressure steam turbines, three condensers of high pressure, medium pressure, and low pressure are required.

  In such a multi-pressure condenser, it is necessary to dispose the connecting pipes in a stepwise manner according to the pressure of each condenser. Therefore, there is a problem that the height of the condenser further increases with respect to the double pressure condenser comprising two condensers of high pressure and low pressure.

  For such a problem, even if the increase in the height of the condenser is suppressed by changing the shape of the dropping portion installed in each condenser by the technique described in Patent Document 1, the connection pipe The need to ensure the height remains the same, so there is a limit to the suppression of condenser height increase with this technique.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-described matters, and the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-pressure type condenser in which the height of the condenser is suppressed in a large-scale large-capacity power plant in which three or more condensers are installed. To provide a water bottle.

  In order to solve the above problems, for example, the configuration described in the claims is adopted. The present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above-mentioned problems. For example, a multi-pressure type condenser provided in a large-capacity power plant and operating each of three or more condensers at different degrees of vacuum. Among the three or more condensers, the first condenser having the lowest internal pressure, and the second condenser having the second highest internal pressure after the first condenser. The first condenser and the second condenser so that the condensed water from the water condenser and the first condenser is guided to a condenser other than the second condenser. It is characterized by having a connecting pipe that connects to other condensers.

  According to the present invention, the height of the connecting pipe connecting between the condensers having different internal pressures can be reduced, so that the condenser of the large-scale large-capacity power plant in which three or more condensers are installed. A double pressure condenser with a reduced height can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment of the double pressure type condenser of this invention. It is the schematic which shows 2nd Embodiment of the double pressure type condenser of this invention. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment of the double pressure type condenser of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the conventional double pressure type condenser.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the double pressure condenser of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of the double pressure condenser of the present invention. In the present embodiment, three condensers are installed, and each of them is composed of a low-pressure condenser 1, an intermediate-pressure condenser 2, and a high-pressure condenser 3 each having a different internal pressure (degree of vacuum).

  The low-pressure condenser 1 includes two sets of a low-pressure condenser body 10 in which a low-pressure steam turbine 100 and a casing 1A are disposed at an upper portion thereof, and cooling pipes that are disposed inside the low-pressure condenser body 10 and flow cooling water. 4L, a low pressure hot well 5 in which condensed water condensed by the tube nest 4L is stored, a connecting pipe 6A having one end connected to the low pressure hot well 5 and the other end connected to the high pressure condenser 3. It has. The condensed water accumulated in the low-pressure hot well 5 is guided to the high-pressure condenser 3 through the connecting pipe 6A. The two sets of tube nests 4L are arranged such that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 100, and the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 100, which is the short direction of each tube nest 4L In addition, a gap is provided.

  The intermediate pressure condenser 2 includes an intermediate pressure condenser body 20 in which a low pressure steam turbine 200 and a casing 2A are disposed, and a cooling pipe that is disposed inside the intermediate pressure condenser body 20 and flows cooling water. Two sets of tube nests 4I, an intermediate pressure hot well 8 in which condensed water condensed by the tube nest 4I is stored, one end side is connected to the intermediate pressure hot well 8, and the other end side is connected to the high pressure condenser 3. Connecting pipe 6B. The condensed water accumulated in the intermediate pressure hot well 8 is guided to the high pressure condenser 3 through the connecting pipe 6B. The two sets of tube nests 4I are arranged so that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 200, and the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 200 that is the short direction of each tube nest 4I In addition, a gap is provided. The intermediate pressure condenser cylinder 20 is arranged next to the low pressure condenser cylinder 10.

  The high-pressure condenser 3 has two sets in which a high-pressure condenser body 30 having a low-pressure steam turbine 300 and a casing 3 </ b> A disposed thereon, and cooling pipes that are arranged inside the high-pressure condenser body 30 and flow cooling water. Tube nest 4H and a hot well 9 in which condensed water condensed by tube nest 4H is stored. The two sets of tube nests 4H are arranged so that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 300, and the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 300 that is the short direction of each tube nest 4H In addition, a gap is provided. The high-pressure condenser cylinder 30 is arranged next to the intermediate-pressure condenser cylinder 20 and on the opposite side of the low-pressure condenser cylinder 10 with the intermediate-pressure condenser cylinder 20 in the middle. Therefore, the high-pressure condenser cylinder 30 and the low-pressure condenser cylinder 10 are arranged on the end side in the arrangement of the condenser cylinders, and the intermediate-pressure condenser cylinder 20 is other than the end side (in this embodiment). (Middle). In addition, the low-pressure steam turbines 100, 200, and 300 arranged on the tops of the condensers 1, 2, and 3 are connected in this order in the axial direction by the same rotating shaft (not shown).

  Since the internal pressure of the high pressure condenser 3 is higher than the internal pressures of the low pressure condenser 1 and the intermediate pressure condenser 2, the height of the outlet provided on the other end side of the connecting pipes 6A and 6B is The water pressure is set lower than the water surface of the low pressure hot well 5 or the medium pressure hot well 8. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the difference between the height of the water surface of the low pressure hot well 5 and the height of the water surface of the intermediate pressure hot well 8 is defined as h1, and the height of the water surface of the intermediate pressure hot well 8 and the connecting pipe are determined. The difference between the height of the outlet provided on the other end side of 6A and 6B is defined as h2, and the difference between the height of the water surface of the hot well 9 and the height of the outlet provided on the other end side of the connecting pipes 6A and 6B is defined as h3. If determined, the outlet height of the connecting pipe 6A is set lower than the water surface height of the low-pressure hot well 5 by (h1 + h2), which is equivalent to the water head. Similarly, the outlet height of the connecting pipe 6B is set lower than the height of the water surface of the intermediate pressure hot well 8 by (h2) which is the head of water.

  Dropping portions 7A and 7B are provided at the outlets of the connecting pipes 6A and 6B, respectively, and the low-temperature condensed water introduced from the low-pressure hot well 5 or the intermediate-pressure hot well 8 is converted into relatively high-temperature steam of the high-pressure condenser 3. It is supposed to be heated with.

  The dropping units 7A and 7B may be configured by a distribution tray that distributes condensed water and a heating tray that heats condensed water. The condensed water heated by the dropping portions 7A and 7B is collected in the hot well 9 together with the condensed water generated in the high pressure condenser 3 and is discharged from the condenser outlet 11. In order to surely heat the dropping section, it is necessary to secure an appropriate height between the dropping sections 7A and 7B and the hot well 9 water surface. In the present embodiment, it is defined as h3.

  Next, in order to facilitate understanding of the effects of the embodiment of the present invention, a conventional double pressure condenser will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a conventional double pressure condenser. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG.

The conventional double-pressure condenser shown in FIG. 4 is composed of almost the same equipment as the above-described double-pressure condenser of the present embodiment, but the connection pipe connection and outlet height are different.
The low-pressure hot well 5 of the low-pressure condenser body 10 ′ is provided with a connecting pipe 6 </ b> C having one end connected and the other end connected to the intermediate-pressure condenser 2. The condensed water accumulated in the low pressure hot well 5 is guided to the intermediate pressure condenser 2 through the connecting pipe 6C. Since the internal pressure of the intermediate pressure condenser 2 is higher than the internal pressure of the low pressure condenser 1, the outlet height of the connecting pipe 6C is equivalent to the head of water than the water surface of the low pressure hot well 5 (h4). Only set low. A dropping portion 7C is provided at the outlet of the communication pipe 6C, and the low-temperature condensed water introduced from the low-pressure hot well 5 is heated by the relatively high-temperature steam of the intermediate-pressure condenser 2. The condensed water heated by the dropping unit 7C is collected in the intermediate pressure hot well 8 together with the condensed water generated by the intermediate pressure condenser 2. In order to surely heat the dropping part 7 </ b> C, h <b> 5 that is an appropriate height is secured between the dropping part 7 </ b> C and the water surface of the intermediate pressure hot well 8.

  The intermediate pressure hot well 8 of the intermediate pressure condenser body 20 ′ is provided with a connecting pipe 6 </ b> D having one end connected and the other end connected to the high pressure condenser body 30 ′ of the high pressure condenser 3. Similarly, the condensed water accumulated in the intermediate pressure hot well 8 passes through the connecting pipe 6D, passes through the dropping section 7D installed in the condenser, and is then collected in the hot well 9 and discharged from the condenser outlet 11. Is done. The outlet height of the connecting pipe 6D is set lower than the water surface of the intermediate pressure hot well 8 by (h6), which is the head of water. An appropriate height h7 is secured between the dripping portion 7D and the water surface of the hot well 9.

  As described above, in the conventional double pressure condenser, the intermediate pressure condenser 2 and the high pressure condenser 3 are provided with connecting pipes 6C and 6D and dripping portions 7C and 7D, respectively, which have secured heads. There was a problem that it was necessary to increase the height of the water vessel as compared with the plant with two condensers.

  According to this embodiment, in a large-scale large-capacity power plant in which three or more condensers are installed, the connecting pipe that leads the condensed water of the condenser having the lowest pressure in the condenser is Since it is equipped with a double pressure condenser that is connected to a condenser other than the condenser with the highest internal pressure of the condenser next to the condenser, the height of the condenser is suppressed. be able to.

  Comparing FIG. 4 showing the conventional double pressure condenser and FIG. 1 showing the double pressure condenser in the present embodiment, in this embodiment, the connecting pipe 6A connected to the low pressure hot well 5 is connected. Although it is led to the high pressure condenser 3, the conventional example is different in that the connecting pipe 6 </ b> C connected to the low pressure hot well 5 is led to the intermediate pressure condenser 2. In the present embodiment, it is not necessary to secure the height (h5) necessary for heating between the dropping portion 7C and the intermediate pressure hot well 8 provided in the conventional intermediate pressure condenser 2 shown in FIG. Therefore, the condenser height can be reduced.

  According to the first embodiment of the multi-pressure condenser of the present invention described above, the height of the connecting pipe connecting the condensers having different internal pressures can be reduced. A multi-pressure condenser in which the height of the condenser in the large-scale large-capacity power plant installed as described above is suppressed can be provided. As a result, an increase in the manufacturing cost of the condenser and the building can be suppressed, so that the productivity of a large-scale (large capacity) power plant is improved.

  Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the double pressure condenser of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the double pressure condenser of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 are the same parts, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The second embodiment of the multi-pressure condenser of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is composed of almost the same equipment as the first embodiment, but differs in the following construction. In the present embodiment, in the arrangement of the condenser cylinders, the high-pressure condenser cylinder 30 is arranged next to the low-pressure condenser cylinder 10, and the low-pressure condenser cylinder 10 is placed with the high-pressure condenser cylinder 30 in the middle. The point which has arrange | positioned the intermediate pressure condenser trunk | drum 20 in the other side is different.

  Compared with the first embodiment, the position of the intermediate pressure condenser 2 and the position of the high pressure condenser 3 are reversed. The present embodiment is characterized in that the high-pressure condenser 3, which is the condenser with the highest internal pressure of the condenser, is disposed on the side other than the end side (in the present embodiment, in the middle). Yes. With this configuration, the horizontal length of the connecting pipe 6A connected to the low-pressure hot well 5 can be shortened from that of the first embodiment.

  According to the second embodiment of the multi-pressure condenser of the present invention described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In addition, according to the second embodiment of the double pressure condenser of the present invention described above, the length of the connecting pipe connecting the low pressure condenser and the high pressure condenser can be reduced. Increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the double pressure condenser of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the double pressure condenser of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are the same parts, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The third embodiment of the multi-pressure condenser of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is composed of devices similar to those of the second embodiment, except for the following configurations. In the present embodiment, the partition plates 12L, 12I, and 12H are provided at the centers of the low-pressure hot well 5, the intermediate-pressure hot well 8, and the hot well 9, respectively, and the hot wells 5 and 8 that are partitioned by the partition plate. , 9 is different in that a conductivity measuring device capable of measuring the conductivity of the condensed water stored in the region 9 is provided for each region.

  In the low-pressure condenser 1, the two sets of tube nests 4 </ b> L are arranged so that their longitudinal directions are orthogonal to the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 100, and are the short direction of each tube nest 4 </ b> L. The low-pressure steam turbine 100 is juxtaposed with a gap in the axial direction. The partition plate 12 </ b> L is arranged to divide the low pressure hot well 5 in the axial direction of the low pressure steam turbine 100. As a result, the condensed water dripped from each tube nest 4L is separated and is not mixed in the low-pressure hot well 5.

  One end sides of separate connecting pipes 6A1 and 6A2 are connected to one side and the other side of the low-pressure hot well 5 partitioned by the partition plate 12L. The other end sides of the connecting pipes 6A1 and 6A2 are arranged below and connected to guide the condensed water mixed as one connecting pipe 6A to the high-pressure condenser 3. A separate conductivity measuring device 50 is provided for each of the connecting pipe 6A1 and the connecting pipe 6A2.

  In the intermediate pressure condenser 2, the two sets of pipe nests 4 </ b> I are arranged so that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 200. The low pressure steam turbine 200 is juxtaposed with a gap in the axial direction. The partition plate 12 </ b> I is disposed so as to divide the intermediate pressure hot well 8 in the axial direction of the low pressure steam turbine 200. As a result, the condensed water dripping from each tube nest 4I is separated and is not mixed in the intermediate pressure hot well 8.

  One end side of separate connecting pipes 6B1 and 6B2 is connected to one side and the other side of the intermediate pressure hot well 8 partitioned by the partition plate 12I. The other end sides of the connecting pipes 6B1 and 6B2 are arranged below and connected to guide the condensed water mixed as one connecting pipe 6B to the high-pressure condenser 3. A separate conductivity measuring device 50 is provided for each of the communication pipe 6B1 and the communication pipe 6B2.

  In the high-pressure condenser 3, the two sets of tube nests 4 </ b> H are arranged so that their longitudinal directions are orthogonal to the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 300, and are the short direction of each tube nest 4 </ b> H. The low-pressure steam turbine 300 is juxtaposed with a gap in the axial direction. The partition plate 12 </ b> H is disposed so as to divide the hot well 9 in the axial direction of the low-pressure steam turbine 300. As a result, the condensed water dripping from each tube nest 4H is separated and is not mixed in the hot well 9. Separate conductivity measuring devices 50 are provided on one side and the other side of the hot well 9 partitioned by the partition plate 12H.

  In the present embodiment, the condensate dripped from a total of six tube nests 4L, 4I, 4H of the multi-pressure condenser can be stored individually in each hot well, and the conductivity can be individually increased. It is configured so that it can be measured. As a result, for example, there is an effect that the leaking portion of the cooling pipe forming the tube nest can be easily specified.

  Specifically, for example, if the cooling pipe forming the tube nest breaks and seawater, which is cooling water, leaks, the salinity in the condensed water accumulated in the hot well rises, making it easier for electricity to flow, increasing the conductivity. To do. Therefore, by monitoring the conductivity, it is possible to detect the leakage of the cooling water and the leakage location at an early stage.

  According to the third embodiment of the multi-pressure condenser of the present invention described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In addition, according to the above-described third embodiment of the multi-pressure condenser of the present invention, the leak location of the cooling pipe forming the tube nest can be easily identified.

  The present invention has been described by taking as an example a case where three condensers comprising a low pressure condenser 1, an intermediate pressure condenser 2, and a high pressure condenser 3 are provided as a double pressure condenser. This is not a limitation. There may be three or more condensers.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the first to third embodiments described above, and includes various modifications. The above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to the one having all the configurations described. For example, part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Moreover, it is also possible to add, delete, or replace another configuration for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

  1: Low pressure condenser, 2: Medium pressure condenser, 3: High pressure condenser, 4L, 4I, 4H: Nest, 5: Low pressure hot well, 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D: Connecting pipe, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D: dropping section, 8: medium pressure hot well, 9: hot well, 10: low pressure condenser cylinder, 11: condenser outlet, 20: medium pressure condenser cylinder, 30: high pressure condenser Body, 12L, 12I, 12H: partition plate, 50: conductivity measuring device, 100: low pressure steam turbine, 200: low pressure steam turbine, 300: low pressure steam turbine

Claims (4)

In a multi-pressure condenser that is installed in a large-capacity power plant and operates each of three or more condensers with different degrees of vacuum,
Among the three or more condensers, a first condenser having a lowest internal pressure,
A second condenser having a high internal pressure next to the first condenser;
Condensate other than the first condenser and the second condenser so that the condensed water from the first condenser is guided to a condenser other than the second condenser. A double-pressure condenser with a connecting pipe that connects to the vessel. The double pressure condenser according to claim 1,
In the upper part of the three or more condensers, separate low-pressure steam turbines are respectively connected by the same rotating shaft,
Among the three or more condensers, the third condenser having the highest internal pressure is disposed at a place other than the axial end of the low-pressure steam turbine. Condenser. The double pressure condenser according to claim 1 or 2,
Condensate other than the second condenser and the first condenser so that the condensed water from the second condenser is guided to a condenser other than the first condenser. This is a double-pressure condenser that has other connecting pipes that connect it to the vessel. The double pressure condenser according to claim 3,
A multi-pressure condenser having a conductivity measuring device for measuring the conductivity of the condensed water in the connecting pipe and the other connecting pipe.

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