JP2017214939A - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reduction gear provided with an oil supply hole, an oil discharge hole, an oil level hole and an air vent hole capable of corresponding to all installation directions.SOLUTION: A reduction gear 10 is provided with any of first to fourth hole 32, 34, 36, 38 respectively on lateral surfaces 11, 13, 15, 17 located in four directions of circumferential direction 90° interval when seeing a first surface 14 and a second surface 16 from the first surface 14 side. When the reduction gear 10 is installed in such a form that the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 are directed to horizontal directions, any of the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, 38 are located on the vertical direction upper side and lower side even when being installed at any angle, therefore, any hole of the vertical direction upper side can be used as an oil supply hole or an air vent hole, any hole of the vertical direction lower side can be used as an oil discharge hole and, when the hole is covered with a transparent lid, the hole can be used as an oil surface hole for confirming the position of an oil surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a speed reducer that decelerates torque transmitted from an input shaft connected to a motor by a gear mechanism and outputs the reduced speed to an output shaft.

  The speed reducer usually includes a box-shaped housing, and has a hollow or solid input shaft and output shaft on either side. One or more gear mechanisms are provided between the input shaft and the output shaft inside the housing, and the torque input from the input shaft is decelerated and output. In addition, lubricating oil is sealed inside the housing for the purpose of facilitating meshing between the gears of the gear mechanism and preventing gear wear.

  The reduction gear housing has an oil supply hole for injecting lubricating oil, an oil discharge hole for discharging, an oil level hole for checking the oil level, and when the pressure inside the housing increases during operation. The air vent hole for exhausting the internal air to the outside is provided, and an air breather may be attached to the air vent hole to prevent the lubricating oil from being ejected and to exhaust only the air.

  The direction of installation of the reduction gear varies depending on the object to be used and the environment. For this reason, the position of the oil surface of the lubricating oil varies depending on the installation direction, and in some cases, the position of the oil surface and the air vent hole may approach each other. Therefore, reduction gears that do not require redesigning the oil level hole even if the oil level varies depending on the installation direction of the reduction gear, and reduction gears with air vent holes that are difficult to eject oil have been developed. Patent Documents 1 and 2 show some examples.

JP 2009-281461 A JP 2010-96328 A

  Patent Document 1 discloses a speed reducer in which a fixed position is changed on one surface of a housing of the speed reducer and a detachable lid is provided, and an oil level hole is provided on the lid.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a structure relating to an air vent hole in which a pair of wall portions are provided on both sides of the air vent hole and the lubricating oil can be prevented from blowing out for both forward rotation and reverse rotation of the gear.

  According to the reduction gear of Patent Document 1, even if the position of the oil surface of the lubricating oil fluctuates depending on the installation direction of the reduction gear, it can be dealt with by adjusting the mounting angle of the lid. However, when the surface to which the lid is attached becomes the top surface or the bottom surface, the oil level cannot be measured. Also, since the positions of holes other than oil level holes, that is, oil supply holes, oil discharge holes, and air vent holes, cannot be changed, it is necessary to remove the reducer from the installation location when replacing the lubricating oil. May cause the lubricating oil to be easily ejected from the air vent hole.

  Moreover, even if it is the structure regarding the air vent hole of patent document 2, lubricating oil may eject from an air vent hole depending on the installation direction of a reduction gear.

  In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a speed reducer including an oil supply hole, an oil discharge hole, an oil level hole, and an air vent hole that can correspond to all installation directions. To do.

The present invention includes a housing having a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and a side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface across the circumferential direction when viewed from the first surface, an input shaft, and an output. A reduction gear comprising a shaft and a gear mechanism provided in the housing and transmitting torque from the input shaft to the output shaft;
One of the first to fourth holes is provided in each of the side surfaces located in four directions at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction,
The problem was solved by a reduction gear.

  According to the present invention, any one of the first to fourth holes is provided on the side surface of the housing located in four directions at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction when the first surface and the second surface are viewed from the first surface side. Therefore, when the speed reducer is installed such that the first surface and the second surface are oriented in the horizontal direction, any one of the first to fourth holes is positioned on the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction regardless of the installation angle. . Any one of the first to fourth holes positioned on the upper side in the vertical direction can be used as an oil supply hole or an air vent hole, and any one of the first to fourth holes positioned on the lower side in the vertical direction is drained. Can be used as a hole. Further, if the first to fourth holes are closed with a transparent lid, it can also be used as an oil level hole for confirming the position of the oil level.

  The first to fourth holes are preferably arranged so as not to overlap any of the directions orthogonal to the opposing direction of the first surface and the second surface. Thereby, when the speed reducer is installed such that the first surface and the second surface are oriented in the horizontal direction, the vertical positions, that is, the heights of the first to fourth holes are not the same. Therefore, two levels of oil level can be confirmed with two oil level holes having different heights.

  Also, the first to fourth holes are provided so as not to overlap each other in the opposing direction of the first surface and the second surface, and any two of the first to fourth holes are the first of the side surfaces. It is good to set it as the structure located in the both ends of the opposing direction of a surface and a 2nd surface. In this case, even if the speed reducer is installed such that the first surface and the second surface are oriented in the vertical direction, any two of the first to fourth holes are located on the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction. Therefore, any one of the first to fourth holes positioned on the upper side in the vertical direction can be used as the oil supply hole or the air vent hole, and any one of the first to fourth holes positioned on the lower side in the vertical direction is used. It is because it can be used as an oil drain hole.

  Further, it is preferable to provide a mounting base for fixing a shielding plate covering any of the first to fourth holes on the inner surface of the housing. This is because any one of the first to fourth holes functioning as the air vent hole can be easily covered with the shielding plate, and the lubricating oil can be prevented from being ejected from the air vent hole.

  Further, it is preferable that the shape of the shielding plate provided on the mounting base is such that a space is formed by the side wall and the bottom surface, and a notch is provided on the side wall. This is because when the shielding plate is attached so that the space side faces the first to fourth holes, even if the lubricating oil enters the space of the shielding plate, it easily flows from the notch.

(A) is a side view of the speed reducer of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the cross-sectional view. Schematic explaining the variation of the installation direction of the reduction gear of one Embodiment of this invention. The fragmentary sectional view which shows the case where the shielding board is provided in the inner wall of the reduction gear of one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is the side view showing one Embodiment of the shielding board which can be used for the reduction gear of this invention, (b) is the front view, (c) is the bottom view.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

  The speed reducer 10 illustrated in FIG. 1A includes a housing 12, an input shaft 22, and an output shaft 24. A gear mechanism 26 is provided inside the housing 12 so that torque transmitted from a drive device such as a motor (not shown) to the input shaft 22 is decelerated by the gear mechanism 26 and transmitted to the output shaft 24. Yes. Whether the input shaft 22 and the output shaft 24 are solid or hollow, and the configuration of the gear mechanism 26 can be changed as appropriate.

  The housing 12 includes a first surface 14 and a second surface 16 that face each other, and connects the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 in the circumferential direction when viewed from the first surface 14 side (see FIG. 1B). Side surfaces 11, 13, 15, 17 are provided. An arrow X in FIG. 1A indicates the facing direction X of the first surface 14 and the second surface 16. That is, the housing 12 has an internal space formed by the first surface 14, the second surface 16, and the side surfaces 11, 13, 15, and 17, and is configured so that lubricating oil can be sealed therein.

  FIG.1 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the reduction gear 10 of Fig.1 (a). For convenience, the side surfaces 11, 13, 15, and 17 represent cross sections at the positions of the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38. In the drawing, Y1 to Y4 indicate one aspect of four directions at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction as viewed from the first surface 14 side. Y1 to Y4 are also lines orthogonal to the facing direction X of the first surface 14 and the second surface 16. In the reduction gear 10, the side surface 11 is located in the Y1 direction, the side surface 13 in the Y2 direction, the side surface 15 in the Y3 direction, and the side surface 16 in the Y4 direction. A first hole 32 is provided in the side surface 11, a second hole 34 is provided in the side surface 13, a third hole 36 is provided in the side surface 15, and a fourth hole 38 is provided in the side surface 17. The side surfaces 11, 13, 15, and 17 have a planar shape, but may have a curved surface shape.

  2A to 2F show six installation directions of the speed reducer 10. In the case of FIG. 2A, the third hole 36 serves as an oil supply hole and an air vent hole, the first hole 32 functions as an oil drain hole, and the second and fourth holes 34 and 38 function as oil surface holes. If necessary, a cap is provided for the oil supply hole and the oil discharge hole, an air breather is attached to the oil supply hole when the oil supply hole also serves as an air vent hole, and a transparent lid is attached to the oil surface hole. In the case of FIG. 2B, the fourth hole 38 functions as an oil supply hole and an air vent hole, the second hole 34 functions as an oil drain hole, and the first and third holes 32 and 36 function as oil surface holes. In the case of FIG. 2C, the second hole 34 serves as an oil supply hole and an air hole, the fourth hole 38 functions as a discharge hole, and the first and third holes 32 and 36 function as oil surface holes. In the case of FIG. 2D, the first hole 32 functions as an oil supply hole and an air hole, the third hole 36 functions as a discharge hole, and the second and fourth holes 34 and 38 function as oil surface holes. Therefore, when the speed reducer 10 is installed such that the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 face the horizontal direction, the first to fourth holes can be obtained at any of the installation angles shown in FIGS. Any of 32, 34, 36, and 38 is located on the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction. Any one of the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38 positioned on the upper side in the vertical direction can be used as the oil supply hole and the air vent hole, and the first to fourth positions positioned on the lower side in the vertical direction. Any of the holes 32, 34, 36, and 38 can be used as an oil drain hole. Further, if the first to fourth holes are closed with a transparent lid, it can be used as an oil level hole for confirming the position of the oil level. Note that the positions where the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38 are specifically provided depend on the shape of the housing 12, the configuration of the gear mechanism 26 disposed inside the housing 12, and the lubricating oil to be sealed. What is necessary is just to determine with regulation value etc.

  Here, the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38 are formed in a direction (see FIG. 1B) orthogonal to the facing direction X (see FIG. 1A) between the first surface 14 and the second surface 16. (Refer to Y1 and Y2). With this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D, the vertical positions, that is, the heights of the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, 38 facing in the horizontal direction are not the same. . For this reason, two levels of oil level can be confirmed with two oil level holes having different heights.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 2 (e) and 2 (f), the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38 are formed in the opposing direction X of the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 (FIG. 1 (a)). 2) of the first through fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38, the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 of the side surfaces 11, 13, 15, and 17 It is preferable to arrange them at both ends in the facing direction X. In the speed reducer 10, the first hole 32 and the third hole 36 are configured to be positioned at both ends in the facing direction X of the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 of the side surfaces 11 and 15. Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 2E and 2F, even when the speed reducer 10 is installed in such a manner that the first surface 14 and the second surface 16 are oriented in the vertical direction, the first to fourth components are used. In the case of the speed reducer 10, any two of the holes 32, 34, 36, and 38, the first hole 32 and the third hole 36 are positioned on the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction, and are positioned on the upper side in the vertical direction. The first hole 32 or the third hole 36 can be used as an oil supply hole or an air vent hole, and the third hole 36 or the first hole 32 positioned on the lower side in the vertical direction can be used as an oil discharge hole.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using the reduction gear 10 provided with the rectangular housing 12, this invention is naturally applicable also to the housing which has shapes other than a rectangle, such as the housing which has a curved-surface side. it can.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B show a mounting structure of the shielding plate 40 suitable for the speed reducer 10 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, an attachment base for attaching the shielding plate 40 to the inner wall of the housing 12 can be provided. The mounting base can be, for example, a female screw 41 formed in the housing 12, and the shielding plate 40 can be mounted inside the housing 12 with a bolt V inserted into the female screw 41. The mounting base is not particularly limited as long as the shielding plate 40 can be attached and detached. However, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by forming the mounting base integrally with the housing 12 like the female screw 41. A plurality of mounting bases may be provided on the inner wall of the housing 12. In particular, if a mounting base is provided in advance so that the shielding plate 40 corresponding to each of the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, and 38 can be attached, it can be used as an air vent hole according to the installation direction of the speed reducer 10. This is suitable because it can be easily changed afterwards so that any one of the functioning first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, 38 is closed by the shielding plate 40.

  FIG. 4 shows a preferred shape of the shielding plate 40. The shielding plate 40 is sized to cover the first to fourth holes 32, 34, 36, 38, and has a side wall 44 and a bottom surface 42 as shown in the figure, and is a space formed by the side wall 44 and the bottom surface 42. 46. Further, the side wall 44 is provided with a plurality of cutout portions 48. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, if the shielding plate 40 having such a configuration is mounted inside the housing 12 so that the space 46 side faces the fourth hole 38 side, the gear mechanism 26 inside the housing 12 lifts the shielding plate 40. Therefore, even if the lubricating oil enters the space 46 of the shielding plate 40, the lubricating oil easily flows from the notch portion 48. Therefore, the lubricating oil can be prevented from flowing through the fourth hole 38. Can be prevented from being ejected. In addition, the shape of the bottom face 42 of the shielding plate 40, the position where the notches 48 are provided, and the number of the notches 48 can be changed as appropriate.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a speed reducer including an oil supply hole, an oil discharge hole, an oil level hole, and an air vent hole that can correspond to any installation direction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Speed reducer 11, 13, 15, 17 Side surface 12 Housing 14 1st surface 16 2nd surface 22 Input shaft 24 Output shaft 26 Gear mechanism 32, 34, 36, 38 1st thru | or 4th hole 40 Shielding plate 41 Mounting base ( Female thread)
42 Bottom 44 Side wall 46 Space

Claims (5)

A housing having a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and a side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface over the circumferential direction when viewed from the first surface side, an input shaft and an output shaft; In a reduction gear provided with a gear mechanism that is provided in a housing and transmits torque from the input shaft to the output shaft,
One of the first to fourth holes is provided in each of the side surfaces located in four directions at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction,
Decelerator.   The speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the first to fourth holes are provided so as not to overlap with a direction orthogonal to the facing direction. The first to fourth holes are provided so as not to overlap in the facing direction;
The speed reducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein any two of the first to fourth holes are located at both ends of the side surface in the facing direction.   The speed reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a mounting base for fixing a shielding plate that covers any of the first to fourth holes is provided on an inner surface of the housing.   The shielding plate provided on the mounting base has a space formed by a side wall and a bottom surface, the side wall is provided with a notch, and the space side is attached so as to face the first to fourth holes. Item 4. Reducer according to item 4.

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