JP2017214274A - Laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide laminated glass excellent in acoustic insulation and visibility.SOLUTION: The laminated glass has a pair of glass sheets and an intermediate film sandwiched between the pair of glass sheets. The intermediate film has a transmission region and a shielding region. The transmission region has a skin layer with a glass transition point of 15°C or more and a core layer with a glass transition point of less than 15°C laminated alternatively and two or more core layers. The shielding region is arranged at a circumference of the pair of glass sheets and has visible light transmittance of 3% or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated glass, and more particularly, to a laminated glass excellent in sound insulation and visibility.

  Laminated glass in which an interlayer film is sandwiched between a pair of glass plates is widely used for, for example, vehicles such as automobiles and window glass for buildings, because fragments are not scattered when broken and are excellent in safety. In recent years, laminated glass with various functions in addition to safety has been used. Among these, high sound insulation is required, and attempts have been made to improve sound insulation using an intermediate film in which resin films having different properties are laminated.

  For example, two types of layers (A) (thickness of 0.05 mm or more) containing a specific polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, and layer (B) are layer (B) / layer (A) / layer (B) A sound insulating interlayer laminated in a laminated configuration is described (for example, see Patent Document 1). Laminated glass using the above sound insulating interlayer has a sound insulating property of a certain level or more in a wide temperature range.

  By the way, in the window glass for motor vehicles, a strip | belt-shaped ceramic shielding layer may be provided in an outer edge part (for example, refer patent document 2). The ceramic shielding layer is provided in order to improve the design properties so that the components arranged in the vehicle are not deteriorated by the irradiation of ultraviolet rays and the components arranged in the vehicle are not visible.

JP-A-5-104687 JP-A-2005-213101

  However, when the ceramic shielding layer is provided on the laminated glass, the transmission image may appear distorted near the boundary between the portion where the ceramic shielding layer is provided and the portion where the ceramic shielding layer is not provided. Such distortion of the transmitted image is particularly likely to occur in laminated glass with improved sound insulation.

  The present invention has been made from the above viewpoint, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated glass in which distortion of a transmission image is suppressed and sound insulation and visibility are excellent.

  The laminated glass of the present invention has a pair of glass plates and an intermediate film sandwiched between the pair of glass plates. The intermediate film includes a transmission region and a shielding region. In the transmission region, a skin layer having a glass transition point of 15 ° C. or more and a core layer having a glass transition point of less than 15 ° C. are alternately laminated, and has two or more core layers. The shielding area is provided at the periphery of the pair of glass plates and has a visible light transmittance of 3% or less.

  According to the present invention, a laminated glass excellent in sound insulation and visibility can be provided.

It is a front view which shows the laminated glass of 1st Embodiment. It is XX sectional drawing of the laminated glass shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st modification of the laminated glass of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd modification of the laminated glass of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated glass of 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the laminated glass of 3rd Embodiment. It is the YY sectional view taken on the line of the laminated glass shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the evaluation method of the distortion of the transmitted image in an Example. It is another figure explaining the evaluation method of distortion of the transmitted image in an example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and these embodiments can be changed or modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

  The laminated glass of the embodiment has a pair of glass plates and an intermediate film sandwiched between the pair of glass plates. The intermediate film includes a transmission region and a shielding region. In the transmission region, a skin layer having a glass transition point of 15 ° C. or more and a core layer having a glass transition point of less than 15 ° C. are alternately laminated, and has two or more core layers. The shielding region is provided at the periphery of the pair of glass plates and has a visible light transmittance of 3% or less. Note that the number of core layers in the transmission region is preferably 3 or more and more preferably 5 or less. The transmissive region preferably has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more.

  The glass transition point in the present specification is a dynamic viscoelasticity test under the conditions of a frequency of 1 Hz, a dynamic shear strain of 0.015%, a heating rate: 3 ° C./min, and a measurement temperature range: −40 ° C. to 80 ° C. Is the peak temperature of tan δ when the temperature dependence of tan δ (loss elastic modulus / storage elastic modulus) of the specimen is measured.

  For example, tan δ is prepared by preparing a specimen formed into a disk shape having a thickness d = 0.6 mm and a diameter of 12 mm, and using the measurement jig: parallel plate (diameter 12 mm) under the above-described conditions. It can be measured with an elasticity measuring device. Examples of the dynamic viscoelasticity measuring apparatus include a rotational rheometer MCR301 manufactured by Anton Paar.

  Visible light transmittance refers to the visible light transmittance determined in accordance with JIS R3212 (1998).

  According to the laminated glass of the embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, since the transmission region of the intermediate film has a predetermined laminated structure, large shear deformation energy is generated at a plurality of locations due to the vibration energy of sound, and this is released as heat energy, so that excellent sound insulation is achieved. Can be obtained. In addition, since the intermediate film has a shielding region having a predetermined visible light transmittance, a conventional ceramic shielding layer can be omitted, and distortion of a transmitted image can be suppressed and visibility can be improved.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a front view showing the laminated glass of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of the laminated glass shown in FIG.

  The laminated glass 10 includes a pair of glass plates 11 and 12 and an intermediate film 13 sandwiched between the pair of glass plates 11 and 12. The intermediate film 13 is formed in substantially the same shape and the same size as the pair of glass plates 11 and 12. In addition, “substantially the same shape and the same size” means having the same shape and the same size in the human appearance. In other cases, “substantially” has the same meaning as described above.

  Hereinafter, each component of the laminated glass 10 is demonstrated.

[Glass plate]
Although the thickness of the glass plates 11 and 12 changes also with the composition, the composition of an intermediate film, and the use of the laminated glass 10, it is generally 0.1-10 mm. In addition, in order to make the surface density of the laminated glass 10 into a preferable range, the thickness of the glass plates 11 and 12 is preferably 0.3 to 2.5 mm.

  The glass plates 11 and 12 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses. When the thicknesses are different, it is preferable that the thickness of the glass plate located on the inner side, for example, the inside of the vehicle if it is a window glass of an automobile, or the indoor side if the window glass of a building is thinner than the thickness of the glass plate located on the outside .

  0.5-1.6 mm is preferable and, as for the thickness of the glass plate used as the inner side among the glass plates 11 and 12, 0.7-1.5 mm is more preferable. The thickness of the glass plate serving as the outer side is preferably 1.3 mm or more because the stepping stone impact resistance is good. The difference in thickness between the two is preferably 0.3 to 1.5 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.3 mm. The thickness of the outer glass plate is preferably 1.6 to 2.5 mm, and more preferably 1.7 to 2.1 mm. If the thickness of the glass plate is thin, distortion of the fluoroscopic image is more likely to occur in the vicinity where the ceramic concealment layer is provided, so that the effect of the present invention is further exhibited. Therefore, the total thickness of the glass plate 11 and the glass plate 12 is preferably 4.1 mm or less, more preferably 3.7 mm or less, and even more preferably 3.3 mm or less. It is especially preferable that it is 1 mm or less.

  The glass plates 11 and 12 can be comprised from inorganic glass and organic glass (resin).

  Examples of the inorganic glass include ordinary soda lime glass (also referred to as soda lime silicate glass), aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, non-alkali glass, and quartz glass. Of these, soda lime glass is particularly preferred. As inorganic glass, the float plate glass shape | molded by the float glass method etc. is mentioned, for example. As the inorganic glass, those subjected to tempering treatment such as air cooling tempering and chemical tempering can be used.

  As organic glass (resin), polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, aromatic polyester resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyarylate resin, polycondensate of halogenated bisphenol A and ethylene glycol, acrylic urethane resin, halogenated aryl group A containing acrylic resin etc. are mentioned. Among these, polycarbonate resins such as aromatic polycarbonate resins and acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate acrylic resins are preferable, and polycarbonate resins are more preferable. Furthermore, among the polycarbonate resins, bisphenol A-based polycarbonate resins are particularly preferable. Two or more of the above resins may be used in combination.

The glass may contain an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber and the like. Examples of such glass include green glass and ultraviolet absorption (UV) green glass. Incidentally, UV green glass, SiO ₂ 68 wt% or more 74 wt% or less, _Fe 2 _{O 3} 0.3 wt% to 1.0 wt% or less, and 0.5 mass than 0.05 wt% of FeO %, And ultraviolet transmittance at a wavelength of 350 nm is 1.5% or less, and has a minimum value of transmittance in a region of 550 nm to 1700 nm.

  The glass may be transparent and may be colorless or colored. The glass may be a laminate of two or more layers. Depending on the application location, inorganic glass is preferred.

  The materials of the glass plates 11 and 12 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same. The shape of the glass plates 11 and 12 may be a flat plate, or may have a curvature on the entire surface or a part thereof. The surface of the glass plates 11 and 12 exposed to the atmosphere may be provided with a coating that imparts a water repellent function, a hydrophilic function, an antifogging function, and the like. Further, the opposing surfaces of the glass plates 11 and 12 may be generally coated with a metal layer such as a low radiation coating, an infrared shielding coating, or a conductive coating.

[Interlayer film]
The intermediate film 13 bonds the glass plates 11 and 12 together. The intermediate film 13 includes, for example, a transmission region 131 disposed in the vicinity of the center of the pair of glass plates 11 and 12 in the planar direction, and a shielding region 132 provided at the periphery. For example, the shielding region 132 is provided in a frame shape so as to surround the transmissive region 131.

(Transparent area)
The transmission region 131 includes, for example, five layers of a skin layer 21, a core layer 31, a skin layer 22, a core layer 32, and a skin layer 23 in this order from the glass plate 11 side. The skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32 may each have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.

  The glass transition points of the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 are 15 ° C. or higher, and the glass transition points of the core layers 31 and 32 are lower than 15 ° C. The skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32 usually contain a thermoplastic resin. The kind of the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from the thermoplastic resins constituting the known intermediate film in consideration of the glass transition point. Hereinafter, the glass transition point of the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 may be referred to as Tgs, and the glass transition point of the core layers 31 and 32 may be referred to as Tgc.

  When Tgs is 15 ° C. or higher, excellent sound insulation can be obtained. Tgs is preferably 20 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 25 ° C. or higher. Tgs is preferably 50 ° C. or lower, more preferably 40 ° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of penetration resistance.

  When Tgc is less than 15 ° C., excellent sound insulation can be obtained. Tgc is preferably 10 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 8 ° C. or lower. Tgc is preferably −10 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 0 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoint of maintaining the shape of the core layers 31 and 32.

  From the viewpoint of enhancing sound insulation, the value obtained by subtracting Tgc from Tgs is preferably 10 to 40 ° C, and more preferably 20 to 35 ° C.

  As thermoplastic resins, polyvinyl acetal resins such as polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC), saturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate co-polymer Examples thereof include polymer resins and cycloolefin polymers (COP). The glass transition point of a thermoplastic resin can be adjusted with the amount of plasticizers, for example. A thermoplastic resin may be individual or 2 or more types may be used together.

  The thermoplastic resin is selected in consideration of the balance of various properties such as transparency, weather resistance, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, and heat shielding properties in addition to the glass transition point. From such a viewpoint, the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 are preferably PVB, EVA, polyurethane resin, and the like, respectively. The core layers 31 and 32 are preferably made of PVB, EVA, polyurethane resin, or the like.

  The Tgs of the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same. Further, the types of thermoplastic resins constituting the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same. More preferably, the kind of the thermoplastic resin constituting the skin layers 21, 22, 23 is the same as the kind of the thermoplastic resin constituting the core layers 31, 32.

  The Tgc of the core layers 31 and 32 may be the same or different, but is preferably the same. Further, the types of thermoplastic resins constituting the core layers 31 and 32 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same.

  The skin layer 21 is preferably disposed between the glass plate 11 and the core layer 31, and the skin layer 23 is preferably disposed between the glass plate 12 and the core layer 32. With such a configuration, the productivity of the laminated glass 10 is improved.

  The thickness (Ta) is preferably 0.45 mm or more. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, when the transmission region 131 has two core layers 31, 32, the thickness (Ta) is the thickness between the core layers 31, 32, specifically, the skin layer. A thickness of 22 is meant. Moreover, when it has three or more core layers, it means the thickness between a pair of core layers closest to a pair of glass plates.

  When the thickness (Ta) is 0.45 mm or more, the transmission region 131 is sufficiently sheared to improve sound insulation. The thickness (Ta) is more preferably 0.50 mm or more. Although the upper limit of thickness (Ta) is not specifically limited, From a viewpoint of weight reduction, 4.0 mm or less is preferable and 3.0 mm or less is more preferable.

The surface density (ρ) is preferably 0.5 kg / m ² or more. Here, when the area density (ρ) includes two core layers 31 and 32 as shown in FIG. 2, the area density of the entire layer disposed between the two core layers 31 and 32, specifically Means the surface density of the skin layer 22. Moreover, when it has three or more core layers, surface density ((rho)) means the surface density of the whole layer arrange | positioned between a pair of core layers nearest to a pair of glass plate.

When the surface density (ρ) is 0.5 kg / m ² or more, the transmission region 131 is sufficiently sheared to improve sound insulation. Surface density ([rho) is more preferably 0.55 kg / ^{m 2} or more, further preferably 0.6 kg / ^{m 2} or more. Is not an upper limit particularly limited areal density ([rho), from the viewpoint of weight reduction, preferably 3.3 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 2.0 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 1.3 kg / ^{m 2} or less .

  The thickness (Tb) is preferably 1.53 mm or more. Here, the thickness (Tb) is the total thickness of the transmission region 131, and is the total thickness of the skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32. When the thickness (Tb) is 1.53 mm or more, the sound insulation is improved. The thickness (Tb) is more preferably 2.0 mm or more. The upper limit of the thickness (Tb) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4.0 mm or less from the viewpoint of weight reduction.

  The thickness of each of the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of sound insulation, weight reduction, thickness (Ta), and thickness (Tb), 0.15 to 1.1 mm is preferable, and 0.2 to 0.76 mm is more preferable. The thickness of each of the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 may be the same as or different from each other.

  The thickness of each layer of the core layers 31 and 32 is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of sound insulation, weight reduction, thickness (Ta), and thickness (Tb), 0.05 to 0.2 mm is preferable, and 0.07 to 0.15 mm is more preferable. The thicknesses of the core layers 31 and 32 may be the same as or different from each other.

The transmission region 131 preferably has a storage elastic modulus G ′ at a frequency of 1 Hz and a temperature of 20 ° C. of 5.0 × 10 ⁴ Pa or more, and more preferably 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa or more. The storage elastic modulus G ′ is an index indicating rigidity. If the storage elastic modulus G ′ is in the above range, sufficient rigidity can be secured.

The upper limit of the storage elastic modulus G ′ is not particularly limited. However, when the storage elastic modulus G ′ is increased, the sound insulation may be impaired. Further, if the storage elastic modulus G ′ is too high, productivity may be lowered, for example, special equipment is required for processing such as cutting. Further, the transmission region 131 becomes brittle and the penetration resistance is lowered. Considering such points, the storage elastic modulus G ′ is preferably 1.0 × 10 ⁷ Pa or less.

  In addition, the storage elastic modulus G ′ in the present specification is a dynamic value measured by a shearing method, for example, a rheometer MCR301 manufactured by Anton Paar under conditions of a frequency of 1 Hz, a temperature of 20 ° C., and a dynamic shear strain of 0.015%. It is a storage elastic modulus in a viscoelasticity test.

  The skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32 contain a thermoplastic resin as a main component. The skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32 are made of an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, a fluorescent agent, an adhesion adjusting agent, a coupling agent, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, light. One kind or two or more kinds of various additives such as a stabilizer, a dehydrating agent, an antifoaming agent, an antistatic agent and a flame retardant can be contained.

(Shielded area)
The shielding region 132 is formed at the periphery of the pair of glass plates 11 and 12, for example, the outer edge of the transmission region 131, and has a visible light transmittance of 3% or less. When the visible light transmittance is 3% or less, for example, when used as a window glass for an automobile, deterioration due to ultraviolet irradiation of components arranged in the vehicle is suppressed, and the components arranged in the vehicle become invisible. Improves. In addition, the shielding area | region 132 formed in the periphery of the glass plates 11 and 12 also includes the part currently formed in the part in which the camera and sensor in which the ceramic shielding layer was formed are attached.

  The shielding area 132 is usually provided in an area where a conventional ceramic shielding layer is provided. By providing the shielding region 132 in such a region, the conventional ceramic shielding layer can be omitted, and distortion of the transmission image can be suppressed and visibility can be improved.

  The shielding region 132 is formed, for example, by providing a colored layer 41 having a visible light transmittance of 3% or less in the region of the intermediate film 13. For example, in the case of the shielding region 132 shown in the figure, the skin layer 23 in the transmissive region 131 is replaced with the colored layer 41, and the other portions are formed by the same laminated structure as the transmissive region 131. Although not shown, the shielding region 132 is formed by printing on the surface of the skin layer 21, 22, or 23 with a dark color, or between the intermediate film 13 and the glass plate 11 or the glass plate 12. It may be formed by sandwiching a film, or sandwiching a dark film in the laminated structure of the intermediate film 13.

  Of the layers constituting the transmissive region 131, the layer replaced by the colored layer 41 in the shielding region 132 is not limited to the skin layer 23. The layer replaced by the colored layer 41 may be any layer in the transmission region 131. Further, the layer replaced by the colored layer 41 may be a part of the layer in the transmission region 131 or the whole layer. That is, in the case of the illustrated structure, any one layer or two or more layers selected from among the skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32 can be replaced with the colored layer 41.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, only the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 in the transmission region 131 may be replaced with the colored layer 41 to form the shielding region 132. Although not shown, only the core layers 31 and 32 may be replaced with the colored layer 41 to form the shielding region 132. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, all of the skin layers 21, 22, 23 and the core layers 31, 32 may be replaced with the colored layer 41 to form the shielding region 132.

  The position, shape, and the like of the shielding region 132 can be selected as appropriate. For example, when the laminated glass 10 is a roof glass used for a ceiling part of an automobile, the shielding region 132 is formed in a frame shape having a width of about 10 to 100 mm. Moreover, when the laminated glass 10 is used for the side glass of a motor vehicle, it forms in the strip | belt shape of the width | variety of about 30-200 mm. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of colored layers 41 are stacked, the widths of the colored layers 41 may be the same or different. The width of each colored layer 41 is appropriately selected according to the use of the laminated glass 10.

  The colored layer 41 contains, for example, a thermoplastic resin and a colorant for adjusting the visible light transmittance. The colored layer 41 can further contain a plasticizer for adjusting the glass transition point.

  As the thermoplastic resin constituting the colored layer 41, polyvinyl acetal resin such as polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC), saturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA) , Ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resin, cycloolefin polymer (COP) and the like. These thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In addition to the glass transition point, the thermoplastic resin constituting the colored layer 41 takes into consideration the balance of various properties such as transparency, weather resistance, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, and heat shielding properties. Selected. From such a viewpoint, PVB, EVA, polyurethane resin and the like are preferable as the thermoplastic resin constituting the colored layer 41.

  The colorant is not particularly limited as long as it reduces the visible light transmittance, and examples thereof include dyes, inorganic pigments, and organic pigments. Among these, an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment is preferable because there is little risk of fading due to long-term use, and an inorganic pigment is preferable because of excellent light resistance.

  Examples of the organic pigment include black pigments such as aniline black and red pigments such as alizarin lake. Examples of inorganic pigments include carbon pigments and metal oxide pigments. For example, black pigments such as carbon black, ivory black, mars black, peach black, lamp black, magnetite type triiron tetroxide, brown pigments such as amber, burnt amber, yellow walker, van dyke brown, senna, burnt senna, bengara, Red pigments such as molybdenum red and cadmium red, orange pigments such as reddish yellow lead and chrome vermilion, blue pigments such as ultramarine, bitumen, cobalt blue and cerulean blue, green pigments such as chromium oxide, viridian, emerald green and cobalt green Yellow pigments such as yellow lead, cadmium yellow, yellow iron oxide and titanium yellow, and purple pigments such as manganese violet and mineral violet. These colorants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The blending amount of the colorant is such that the visible light transmittance of the shielding region 132 is 3% or less. For example, when only one colored layer 41 is provided, the blending amount is set so that the visible light transmittance of the shielding region 132 is 3% or less with only this one colored layer 41. Moreover, when the multiple colored layer 41 is provided, it is set as the compounding quantity which makes the visible light transmittance | permeability of the shielding area | region 132 3% or less in the whole of these multiple colored layers 41. When a plurality of colored layers 41 are provided, the blending amount in each colored layer 41 may be the same or different.

  The colored layer 41 further includes an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, a fluorescent agent, an adhesion modifier, a coupling agent, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, a dehydrating agent, an antifoaming agent, One kind or two or more kinds of various additives such as an antistatic agent and a flame retardant can be contained.

  The colored layer 41 preferably has a glass transition point close to the layer to be replaced. For example, the glass transition point of the colored layer 41 that replaces the skin layers 21, 22, and 23 is preferably 15 ° C. or higher, more preferably 20 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 25 ° C. or higher. About the glass transition point of the colored layer 41 which substitutes the core layers 31 and 32, less than 15 degreeC is preferable, 10 degreeC or less is more preferable, and 8 degreeC or less is further more preferable. In particular, the glass transition point of the colored layer 41 is preferably substantially the same as the glass transition point of the layer replaced by the colored layer 41. In the case where one or more skin layers and one or more core layers are replaced by the same colored layer 41, the glass transition point of the colored layer 41 may be 15 ° C. or more and less than 15 ° C.

The shielding region 132 preferably has a storage elastic modulus G ′ at a frequency of 1 Hz and a temperature of 20 ° C. of 5.0 × 10 ⁴ Pa or more, and more preferably 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa or more. The storage elastic modulus G ′ is an index indicating rigidity. If the storage elastic modulus G ′ is in the above range, sufficient rigidity can be secured.

The upper limit of the storage elastic modulus G ′ of the shielding region 132 is not particularly limited, but if the storage elastic modulus G ′ is increased, the sound insulation may be impaired. Further, if the storage elastic modulus G ′ is too high, productivity may be lowered, for example, special equipment is required for processing such as cutting. Furthermore, the shielding region 132 becomes brittle and the penetration resistance is lowered. Considering such points, the storage elastic modulus G ′ of the shielding region 132 is preferably 1.0 × 10 ⁷ Pa or less.

  The ratio of the mass of the intermediate film 13 to the total mass of the pair of glass plates 11 and 12 and the intermediate film 13 is preferably 14% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more from the viewpoint of sound insulation and weight reduction. The mass% or more is more preferable. From the viewpoint of maintaining the desired strength, 50% by mass or less is preferable, and 40% by mass or less is more preferable. Hereinafter, the above ratio is referred to as “film ratio”.

  The intermediate film 13 can be manufactured, for example, by laminating resin sheets. In the case of the intermediate film 13 shown in FIG. 2, first, the portion excluding the colored layer 41 of the shielding region 132 is formed, and then the colored layer 41 of the shielding region 132 is formed to form the intermediate film 13.

  Specifically, a resin sheet for forming each layer of the skin layer 21, the core layer 31, the skin layer 22, the core layer 32, the skin layer 23, and the colored layer 41 is manufactured. These resin sheets have a continuous size so that, for example, both the transmission region 131 and the shielding region 132 can be formed simultaneously. On the other hand, the resin sheet for forming the skin layer 23 is sized to form only the transmission region 131. The resin sheet for forming the colored layer 41 is sized to form only the shielding region 132.

  Each resin sheet can be produced by molding a resin composition having a composition suitable for each layer into a sheet shape. The molding conditions can be appropriately selected depending on the type of thermoplastic resin. These resin sheets can be laminated in a predetermined order and heated under pressure to form the intermediate film 13. The intermediate film 13 may be formed by coextrusion partly or entirely.

  A functional film other than the intermediate film 13 may be provided between the pair of glass plates 11 and 12. The functional film is disposed, for example, between layers constituting the intermediate film 13. An infrared shielding film etc. are mentioned as a functional film.

  Examples of the infrared shielding film include those in which an infrared reflecting film having a thickness of about 100 to 500 nm is provided on a support film such as a PET film having a thickness of about 25 to 200 μm. Examples of the infrared reflective film include a dielectric multilayer film, a liquid crystal alignment film, an infrared reflective material-containing coating film, and a single-layer or multilayer infrared reflective film including a metal film. As an infrared shielding film, the dielectric multilayer film etc. whose total film thickness which laminated | stacked the resin film from which a refractive index differs further about 25-200 micrometers are mentioned.

  In addition, when there exists a functional film in the measurement range of thickness (Ta), thickness (Ta) shall include the thickness of a functional film. Moreover, when a functional film exists in the measurement range of surface density ((rho)), surface density ((rho)) shall include a functional film. Furthermore, the surface density of laminated glass shall also include a functional film. On the other hand, the thickness (Tb) and the film ratio do not include the functional film.

  The laminated glass 10 can have a ceramic shielding layer. Such a ceramic shielding layer is provided as necessary and within a range where visibility is not lowered. For example, the ceramic shielding layer is provided on one glass plate selected from the pair of glass plates 11 and 12 by a known method. The formation location of the ceramic shielding layer is appropriately selected according to the intended use. In addition, the surface density and film ratio of the laminated glass 10 do not include the ceramic shielding layer. The shielding region of the present invention may be provided at a place where the occupant is easily noticed, such as near the center of the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 10, and a ceramic shielding layer may be provided at other places. Since distortion of the transmitted image is likely to occur, it is preferable not to have a ceramic shielding layer.

  The intermediate film 13 may include a so-called shade band layer that reduces glare caused by sunlight of a vehicle occupant. The shade band layer is provided on the peripheral portion of the side that becomes the upper side when the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle.

  The laminated glass 10 preferably has the following characteristics.

The surface density of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 13.5 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 12 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 11 kg / ^{m 2} or less. If the surface density of the laminated glass 10 is in the above range, weight reduction can be achieved. The surface density of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 8 kg / m ² or more and more preferably 9 kg / m ² or more from the viewpoint of maintaining the desired strength.

  The visible light transmittance of the portion of the laminated glass 10 where the shielding region 132 is provided, that is, the visible light transmittance of the portion where the pair of glass plates 11 and 12 and the shielding region 132 of the intermediate film 13 are combined is 3 % Or less is preferable. When the visible light transmittance of this portion is 3% or less, for example, when used as a window glass for automobiles, deterioration of components arranged in the vehicle due to ultraviolet rays is suppressed, and components arranged in the vehicle become invisible. Designability is improved.

  The loss factor at the primary resonance point of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 0.4 or more. Here, the loss factor at the primary resonance point is measured in a frequency range of 0 to 10000 Hz under the condition of a temperature of 20 ° C. The loss factor at the primary resonance point can be measured by a central excitation method based on ISO_PAS_16940. Examples of the loss coefficient measuring apparatus using the central excitation method include a central excitation method measurement system (MA-5500, DS-2000) manufactured by Ono Sokki Co., Ltd.

  The frequency region of the primary resonance point is approximately 0 to 300 Hz. If the loss coefficient at the primary resonance point is 0.4 or more, for example, it is possible to sufficiently insulate sounds in a relatively low frequency region such as automobile engine noise and tire vibration noise. Further, if the loss coefficient at the primary resonance point is 0.4 or more, the loss coefficient at the high-order resonance point such as the secondary resonance point to the seventh resonance point tends to be 0.4 or more, and the low-frequency region It is possible to effectively insulate even high-frequency sound.

  The loss factor at the primary resonance point is more preferably 0.42 or more, and further preferably 0.45 or more. Moreover, it is preferable that the loss coefficients at the primary resonance point and the secondary resonance point are both 0.5 or more. For example, in a laminated glass having a curved shape, a loss factor is measured by producing a laminated glass using a flat glass plate so as to have the same configuration as the laminated glass.

  The three-point bending rigidity of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 100 N / mm or more. The three-point bending rigidity is a rigidity obtained by a three-point bending test, and can be measured by, for example, a compression tensile testing machine. The three-point bending rigidity is particularly preferably 120 N / mm or more. If the three-point bending rigidity is 100 N / mm or more, it is preferable that the rigidity is a level that does not hinder the opening and closing of the window glass when the vehicle is traveling at high speed.

  The sound transmission loss in the coincidence region measured in accordance with SAE J1400 of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 35 dB or more, and more preferably 42 dB or more. If the sound transmission loss is 35 dB or more, it can be evaluated that the sound insulation is excellent.

  The use of the laminated glass 10 is not particularly limited. Although the laminated glass 10 can be used for buildings, automobiles, and the like, a remarkable sound insulation effect can be obtained by using the laminated glass 10 for automobiles. Moreover, weight reduction can be achieved in a preferred embodiment.

In addition, when using for a motor vehicle, it is preferable that the visible light transmittance | permeability measured according to JISR3212 (1998) is 70% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 74% or more. Tts (Total solar energy transmitted through a measured according to ISO13837-2008)
Glazing) is preferably 66% or less, and more preferably 60% or less.

  The laminated glass 10 can be manufactured by a known method. That is, the intermediate film 13 is disposed between the pair of glass plates 11 and 12 to form a precursor, which is inserted into a vacuum bag such as a rubber bag. And a pair of glass plates 11 and 12 are adhere | attached by the intermediate film 13 by heating to 70-110 degreeC, decompressing. Thereafter, heat and pressure are performed as a pressure-bonding process as necessary. The durability can be further improved by the crimping process.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the laminated glass 10 of the second embodiment.
In the transmission region 131, seven layers of the skin layer 21, the core layer 31, the skin layer 22, the core layer 32, the skin layer 23, the core layer 33, and the skin layer 24 may be laminated in this order from the glass plate 11 side. Here, the structure of each layer can be the same as that of the laminated glass 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the number of layers is different.

  In this case, the thickness (Ta) is the thickness between the core layers 31 and 33, specifically, the total thickness of the skin layer 22, the core layer 32, and the skin layer 23. The thickness (Ta) is preferably 0.45 mm or more, and more preferably 0.50 mm or more. Further, the thickness (Ta) is preferably 4.0 mm or less, and more preferably 3.0 mm or less.

The surface density (ρ) is the surface density of the entire layer disposed between the core layers 31 and 33, specifically, the surface density of the entire layer including the skin layer 22, the core layer 32, and the skin layer 23. It becomes. Surface density ([rho) is preferably from 0.5 kg / ^{m 2} or more, more preferably 0.55 kg / ^{m 2} or more, further preferably 0.6 kg / ^{m 2} or more. Further, the surface density ([rho) is preferably from 3.3 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 2.0 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 1.3 kg / ^{m 2} or less.

  For example, the shielding region 132 can be formed by replacing the skin layer 24 in the transmissive region 131 with the colored layer 41 and the other portions being the same as the transmissive region 131. Of the layers constituting the transmissive region 131, the layer replaced by the colored layer 41 in the shielding region 132 is not limited to the skin layer 24. The layer replaced by the colored layer 41 may be any layer in the transmission region 131. In addition, the layer replaced by the colored layer 41 may be a part or all of the layers in the transmission region 131. The structure of the colored layer 41 can be the same as that of the colored layer 41 in the laminated glass 10 shown in FIGS.

  The characteristics of the laminated glass 10 are preferably the same as those of the laminated glass 10 of the first embodiment. That is, it is preferable that the characteristics of the laminated glass 10 are the same as those of the laminated glass 10 of the first embodiment regardless of the number of layers of the transmission region 131.

That is, the surface density of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 13.5 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 12 kg / ^{m 2} or less, more preferably 11 kg / ^{m 2} or less. The surface density of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 8 kg / m ² or more and more preferably 9 kg / m ² or more from the viewpoint of maintaining the desired strength.

  The visible light transmittance of the portion where the shielding region 132 is provided, that is, the visible light transmittance of the portion where the pair of glass plates 11 and 12 and the shielding region 132 of the intermediate film 13 are combined is 3% or less. Is preferred. When the visible light transmittance of this portion is 3% or less, for example, when used as a window glass for automobiles, deterioration of components arranged in the vehicle due to ultraviolet rays is suppressed, and components arranged in the vehicle become invisible. Designability is improved.

  The loss factor at the primary resonance point of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 0.4 or more. If the loss coefficient at the primary resonance point is 0.4 or more, for example, it is possible to sufficiently insulate sounds in a relatively low frequency region such as automobile engine noise and tire vibration noise. The loss factor at the primary resonance point is more preferably 0.42 or more, and further preferably 0.45 or more. Moreover, it is preferable that the loss coefficients at the primary resonance point and the secondary resonance point are both 0.5 or more.

  The three-point bending rigidity of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 100 N / mm or more, and more preferably 120 N / mm or more. The sound transmission loss of the laminated glass 10 is preferably 35 dB or more, and more preferably 42 dB or more. If the sound transmission loss is 35 dB or more, it can be evaluated that the sound insulation is excellent.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a front view of the laminated glass 10 of the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the laminated glass taken along the line YY shown in FIG.

  The laminated glass 10 may vary in thickness in the surface direction as shown. In this case, the thickness, thickness (Ta), and thickness (Tb) of each layer in the transmission region 131 are the largest values measured in the surface direction of the region. That is, the largest value should be within the range already described.

  The illustrated laminated glass 10 is used as, for example, a windshield of an automobile. In FIG. 6, the upper side is attached to the automobile as the upper side of the windshield. Hereinafter, the upper side of the windshield is referred to as the upper side, and the lower side is referred to as the lower side. In FIG. 7, the left side is the upper side and the right side is the lower side.

  The laminated glass 10 has a substantially trapezoidal shape in which the lower side is longer than the upper side. The intermediate film 13 has a so-called wedge shape in which the thickness gradually decreases from the upper side toward the lower side. The intermediate film 13 has a five-layer configuration in which a skin layer 21, a core layer 31, a skin layer 22, a core layer 32, and a skin layer 23 are sequentially laminated from the glass plate 11 side.

  Each layer of the intermediate film 13 gradually decreases in thickness from the upper side to the lower side at the same rate. Therefore, in such a case, the thickness, thickness (Ta), and thickness (Tb) of each layer in the transmission region 131 are measured on the upper side in the same region.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.
In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example demonstrated below.

[Example 1]
An intermediate film having a transmission region and a shielding region having a visible light transmittance of 3% or less was prepared. In addition, the shielding area | region was made into the frame shape surrounding a transmissive area | region.

From the outside of the vehicle, the transmission region includes a first skin layer (thickness 0.33 mm, first layer), a first core layer (thickness 0.1 mm, second layer), and a second skin layer (thickness 0.66 mm). 3rd layer), 2nd core layer (thickness 0.1 mm, 4th layer), 3rd skin layer (thickness 0.66 mm, 5th layer), 3rd core layer (thickness 0.1 mm, 6) Layer) and a fourth skin layer (thickness 0.33 mm, seventh layer) in this order. Here, the thickness (Ta) is 1.42 mm, the surface density (ρ) is 1.56 kg / m ² , and the thickness (Tb) is 2.28 mm.

  In addition, the composition of each skin layer is the same, and all are made of PVB (Tgs; 30 ° C.). Moreover, the composition of each core layer is the same and all consist of PVB (Tgc; 3 ° C.). Both the skin layer and the core layer were formed by laminating resin sheets made of PVB.

  The shielding region has the same laminated structure as the transmission region except that the seventh layer is changed to a colored layer (thickness 0.33 mm). The colored layer contains PVB (Tgs; 30 ° C.) and a colorant. Carbon black was used as a colorant. The content of the colorant was 0.1% by mass in the total of PVB and the colorant.

The intermediate film was produced as follows. First, a resin sheet having a size that is continuous with both of the transmission region and the shielding region was laminated to form the first to sixth layers of the transmission region and the shielding region. Thereafter, a resin sheet serving as a seventh layer of the transmission region was laminated on the sixth layer of the transmission region. Here, the resin sheet serving as the seventh layer of the transmission region was sized to form only the seventh layer of the transmission region. Furthermore, the resin sheet used as the 7th layer (colored layer) of a shielding area | region was laminated | stacked. Here, the resin sheet serving as the seventh layer (colored layer) of the shielding region was shaped like a frame surrounding the seventh layer of the transmission region. Further, the seventh layer of the transmission region and the seventh layer (colored layer) of the shielding region were in close contact with each other. Then, the intermediate film was manufactured by pressing using a hot press molding machine. The press conditions were 150 ° C., 300 seconds, and a press pressure of 50 kg / cm ² . In addition, the thickness of each above-mentioned layer is the thickness after a press.

  Next, an interlayer film was disposed between a glass plate (thickness 2.0 mm) serving as the vehicle outer side and a glass plate (thickness 1.3 mm) serving as the vehicle inner side to obtain a laminate. The glass plates on the outside and the inside of the vehicle are both made of soda lime glass and have a size of 25 mm × 300 mm. Moreover, the intermediate film was previously made the same size as the glass plate.

Thereafter, the laminate was put in a vacuum bag, and was heated to 110 ° C. while being deaerated so that the inside of the vacuum bag had a reduced pressure of −60 kPa or less, and was subjected to pressure bonding. Furthermore, pressure bonding was performed under conditions of a temperature of 140 ° C. and a pressure of 1.3 MPa. In this way, a laminated glass in which an intermediate film having a transmission region and a shielding region was sandwiched between a pair of glass plates was produced. In addition, the surface density of this laminated glass was 10.76 kg / m < ² >, and the film | membrane ratio was 23.3 mass%.

[Comparative Example 1]
As the intermediate film, an intermediate film having the same laminated structure as that of the transmissive region of Example 1, that is, an intermediate film composed of only the transmissive region was used, and a ceramic shielding layer was provided on the surface of the glass plate on the vehicle exterior side. Except for this, laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

  The ceramic shielding layer was formed by applying a ceramic paste to a glass plate on the outside of the vehicle and baking it. As the ceramic paste, a pigment and glass frit were used and applied to the portion corresponding to the shielding area of Example 1 by screen printing. The baking was performed under the condition of 800 ° C.

  Next, for the laminated glass of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the distortion of the transmission image was evaluated as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 8, the laminated glass 50 was disposed at an angle similar to that when the laminated glass 50 was attached to an automobile, and the zebra pattern 60 was disposed outside the vehicle. The zebra pattern 60 is a pattern in which a plurality of black lines 61 are provided on a white background. The black lines 61 were provided to be at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the lower side of the zebra pattern 60 and to be parallel to each other.

  FIG. 9 shows an example in which the zebra pattern 60 is viewed from the inside of the laminated glass 50. FIG. 9 shows a state in which the zebra pattern 60 is distorted. Here, the laminated glass 50 includes a transmission part 51 and a shielding part 52. In the case of Example 1, the transmission part 51 is a part where the transmission region of the intermediate film is located. In the case of Comparative Example 1, the transmission part 51 is a part where the ceramic shielding layer is not provided. On the other hand, the shielding portion 52 is a portion where the shielding region of the intermediate film is located in the case of Example 1, and is a portion where the ceramic shielding layer is provided in the case of Comparative Example 1.

  Usually, as shown in the drawing, the black line 61 of the zebra pattern 60 appears to be distorted in the vicinity of the boundary 53 between the transmission part 51 and the shielding part 52. For this reason, the distance between the position where the extended line L, which extends the left side of the black line 61 as it is, intersects the boundary 53 and the position where the black line 61 actually intersects the boundary 53, was evaluated as distortion (W).

  As a result, the laminated glass of Comparative Example 1 was found to have a large distortion (W) of 7 mm. On the other hand, in the laminated glass of Example 1, it was recognized that the distortion (W) was suppressed to 0 mm, that is, the black line 61 appeared straight without distortion. Such a difference is considered to be caused by baking when the ceramic shielding layer is formed. Since the laminated glass of Example 1 does not need to be baked, it is considered that the occurrence of distortion was suppressed.

  Next, the laminated glass of Example 1 was evaluated for sound insulation and rigidity as follows. In addition, about the laminated glass of the comparative example 1, since it is thought that there is no big difference about the sound insulation and rigidity from the laminated glass of Example 1 on the structure, evaluation of sound insulation and rigidity was not performed.

  For the evaluation of sound insulation, the loss coefficient at the primary resonance point to the seventh resonance point at a frequency of 0 to 10000 Hz and a temperature of 20 ° C. is based on ISO_PAS — 16940, manufactured by Ono Sokki Co., Ltd., Central Vibration Method Measurement System (MA- 5500, DS-2000). As a result, the loss coefficient at the primary resonance point was 0.47, and the loss coefficient at the secondary resonance point was 0.49, indicating that the sound insulation was good.

  As evaluation of rigidity, the modulus at the primary resonance point to the seventh resonance point at a frequency of 0 to 10000 Hz and a temperature of 20 ° C. was measured. As a result, the modulus at the primary resonance point was 2.58, and the modulus at the secondary resonance point was 1.61, indicating that the rigidity was good.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Laminated glass, 11, 12 ... Glass plate, 13 ... Intermediate film, 21, 22, 23, 24 ... Skin layer, 31, 32, 33 ... Core layer, 41 ... Colored layer, 50 ... Laminated glass, 51 ... Transmission part 52 ... Shielding part 53 ... Boundary 60 ... Zebra pattern 61 ... Black line 131 ... Transmission area 132 ... Shielding area

Claims (9)

A pair of glass plates;
An intermediate film sandwiched between the pair of glass plates,
The intermediate film includes a transmission region and a shielding region, and the transmission region includes a skin layer having a glass transition point of 15 ° C. or higher and a core layer having a glass transition point of less than 15 ° C. alternately stacked, Laminated glass having two or more layers, wherein the shielding region is provided at the periphery of the pair of glass plates and has a visible light transmittance of 3% or less.   The laminated glass of Claim 1 whose ratio of the mass of the said intermediate film with respect to the total mass of the said pair of glass plate and the said intermediate film is 14 mass% or more. The transmission region has a skin layer in contact with the pair of glass plates, and
The laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission region has a thickness (Ta) between a pair of core layers closest to the pair of glass plates of 0.45 mm or more. The transmission region has a skin layer in contact with the pair of glass plates, and
The surface area (ρ) of the entire layer disposed between the pair of core layers closest to the pair of glass plates in the transmission region is 0.5 kg / m ² or more. Laminated glass according to item.   The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the transmission region has three or more core layers.   It is laminated glass for motor vehicles, Comprising: The thickness of the glass plate of a vehicle outer side is 1.6-2.5 mm, The thickness of the glass plate of a vehicle inner side is 0.5-1.6 mm, Any one of Claims 1-5 The laminated glass of Claim 1.   The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a thickness (Tb) of the transmission region is 1.53 mm or more. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the surface density of the laminated glass is 12 kg / m ² or less.   The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a loss factor at a primary resonance point measured in a frequency range of 0 to 10000 Hz under a temperature of 20 ° C is 0.4 or more.

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