JP2017210498A - Carbonization system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization system capable reusing organic substances such as sludges, livestock feces, composts and wood chips.SOLUTION: A carbonization system 100 includes a carbonization furnace 10 for carbonizing organic substances such as sludges, livestock feces, composts and wood chips and a heat exchanger 53 as a waste heat recovery means for cooling a waste gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 10. To the carbonization furnace 10, an input path 21 for inputting the organic substances into the furnace, a recovery path 31 for recovering a carbide formed in the furnace, a supply path 41 for supplying a combustion gas into the furnace, an exhaust path 51 for discharging a waste gas generated in the furnace outside of the furnace, a supply path 61 for supplying a high-temperature air heated by the heat exchanger 53 into the furnace, and a circulation path 52 for circulating a part of the waste gas cooled by the heat exchanger 53 into the furnace are connected, and a temperature and an oxygen concentration of the waste gas of the circulation path 52 are lower than a temperature and an oxygen concentration of a high-temperature air in the supply path 61.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization processing system.

  2. Description of the Related Art As a carbonization processing system for processing sludge, livestock excrement, compost, wood chips, and other organic substances, a system equipped with a vertical incinerator for incinerating organic substances is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the vertical incinerator described in Patent Document 1, a gas is introduced into the bottom of the furnace to generate an upward gas flow, and an organic substance is introduced into the furnace together with an air flow. By the upward gas flow generated at the bottom of the furnace, The organic substances put into the furnace are incinerated while floating and flowing.

JP-A-6-331116

  Recently, techniques for reusing sludge, organic matter such as animal manure, compost, and wood chips have been developed. For example, in the case of sludge and wood chips, it is considered to be reused for biomass fuel, and in the case of livestock excrement and compost, it is considered to be reused for livestock and fish feed. However, in the carbonization processing system described in Patent Document 1, the organic matter introduced into the furnace is completely burned and discharged as ash to the outside of the furnace. For this reason, there was room for improvement from the viewpoint of reuse of sludge, livestock manure, compost, wood chips, and the like.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this point, and it aims at providing the carbonization processing system which can aim at reuse of sludge, organic matter, such as livestock dung, compost, and a wood chip.

  In the present invention, means for solving the above-described problems are configured as follows. That is, the present invention is a carbonization treatment system for carbonizing organic matter such as sludge, livestock excrement, compost, and wood chips, and recovering the carbide of the organic matter, and a carbonization furnace for carbonizing the organic matter, Exhaust heat recovery means for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization furnace, and the carbonization furnace recovers the carbide generated in the furnace, and an organic substance input path for inputting the organic substance into the furnace Carbide recovery path, combustion gas supply path for supplying combustion gas into the furnace, exhaust gas discharge path for exhausting exhaust gas generated in the furnace to the outside of the furnace, and heated by the exhaust heat recovery means A high-temperature air supply path for supplying high-temperature air into the furnace and an exhaust gas circulation path for circulating a part of the exhaust gas cooled by the exhaust heat recovery means into the furnace are connected, and the exhaust gas Circulation Temperature and oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is characterized in that is lower than the temperature and oxygen concentration of the hot air of the hot air supply route.

  According to the carbonization processing system having the above-described configuration, the exhaust gas (circulation gas) and high-temperature air supplied to the carbonization furnace perform carbonization (thermal decomposition) of organic matter in the furnace. Combustion of generated combustible gas is performed. Since the temperature of the circulating gas is lower than the temperature of the hot air and the oxygen concentration of the circulating gas is lower than the oxygen concentration of the hot air, the amount of the circulating gas supplied to the carbonization furnace and the amount of the hot air are reduced. By adjusting, it becomes possible to adjust the combustion temperature and oxygen concentration in the furnace of a carbonization furnace. Thereby, in the middle layer portion and the lower layer portion of the carbonization furnace, carbonization treatment (thermal decomposition) of the organic substance is performed at a relatively low temperature (for example, 650 ° C.), and the organic substance is decomposed into the carbide and the combustible gas. In the upper layer portion of the carbonization furnace, the combustible gas generated by the carbonization process is completely burned at a relatively high temperature (for example, 850 ° C.). And the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated by carbonization process can be collect | recovered and the reuse of the carbide | carbonized_material can be aimed at.

  In the carbonization processing system configured as described above, it is preferable that at least one of a heat exchanger, a drying furnace, and a boiler is provided as the exhaust heat recovery means.

  According to the carbonization processing system having the above-described configuration, for example, when a drying furnace is provided as exhaust heat recovery means, by introducing the exhaust gas into the drying furnace and using the heat of the exhaust gas as a heat source, various things can be obtained. Can be dried (dehydrated).

  In the carbonization processing system configured as described above, an air supply path for supplying air into the furnace is connected to an upper side of the intermediate position in the vertical direction of the carbonization furnace, and carbonization is performed by supplying air from the air supply path. It is preferable to burn the combustible gas generated by the treatment.

  According to the carbonization processing system having the above-described configuration, the oxygen concentration of the air supplied from the air supply path is higher than the oxygen concentration of the combustible gas generated by the carbonization processing, so that the combustion of the combustible gas can be promoted. it can.

  In the carbonization system configured as described above, the second heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery means, and the fly ash contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the second heat exchanger are recovered. It is preferable to include a filter and a blower for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the filter to the outside from the exhaust pipe.

  According to the carbonization processing system having the above configuration, the temperature of the circulating gas supplied to the carbonization furnace can be efficiently reduced by the second heat exchanger.

  In the carbonization processing system having the above-described configuration, it is preferable that an outlet from which the carbide can be taken out is provided at the lower end portion of the carbonization furnace so that the height position of the upper end opening of the outlet can be adjusted.

  According to the carbonization processing system having the above configuration, even if the amount of carbide generated in the lower part of the carbonization furnace varies depending on the type of organic matter, the amount of moisture, the operating conditions of the carbonization furnace, etc., the upper end opening of the outlet By adjusting the height position of the part, it is possible to improve the carbide recovery efficiency.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the carbonization processing system which can aim at the reuse of organic substances, such as sludge, livestock manure, compost, and a wood chip, can be provided.

It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a carbonization processing system concerning the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the carbonization furnace of the carbonization processing system of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X2-X2 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X3-X3 of FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a carbonization processing system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a carbonization processing system 100 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the carbonization furnace 10 of the carbonization processing system 100. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a carbonization processing system 100 includes a carbonization furnace 10 that performs carbonization of an organic material that is a raw material to generate carbide, an organic material input unit 20 that inputs an organic material that is a raw material into the carbonization furnace 10, and a carbonization furnace 10. Carbide recovery unit 30 for recovering the carbide generated in the above, combustion gas supply unit 40 for supplying combustion gas (fuel and air) to the carbonization furnace 10, exhaust gas and ash (fly ash) generated in the carbonization furnace 10 to the outside Exhaust gas discharge unit 50 for discharging, high temperature air supply unit 60 for supplying relatively high temperature air to carbonization furnace 10, cooling water supply unit 70 for supplying cooling water to each part, and normal temperature air to carbonization furnace 10 The air supply part 80 etc. to supply are comprised. In the present embodiment, the organic material that is a raw material is sludge, livestock droppings (for example, chicken droppings), compost, wood chips, and the like. The organic matter may be put into the carbonization furnace 10 in a dried state, or may be put into the carbonization furnace 10 in an undried state (containing water).

  The configuration of each part of the carbonization processing system 100 will be described. In FIG. 1, the flow of fuel is indicated by a solid line, the flow of exhaust gas is indicated by a broken line, the flow of air is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the flow of cooling water is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  In the present embodiment, the carbonization furnace 10 is configured as a sandless type and jet type carbonization furnace. The sandless type carbonization furnace refers to one in which sand such as fluidized sand used in a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace is not used. A jet-type carbonization furnace, for example, a vertical incinerator described in JP-A-6-331116, generates an upward gas flow in the furnace by the gas supplied into the furnace. This refers to the treatment of organic substances introduced into the furnace by gas flow. In this embodiment, in the carbonization furnace 10, in addition to the carbonization process (thermal decomposition) which decomposes | disassembles an organic substance into a carbide | carbonized_material and combustible gas, combustion of the combustible gas which generate | occur | produced in the carbonization process is performed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the carbonization furnace 10 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a space in the furnace for burning and carbonizing organic substances is surrounded by an outer wall such as a refractory brick. Yes. The carbonization furnace 10 includes an organic substance supply port 11 for supplying organic material as a raw material into the furnace, a carbide discharge port (carbide outlet) 12 for discharging carbide generated in the furnace to the outside of the furnace, and combustion gas into the furnace. Supplying combustion gas supply port (fuel supply port) 13, exhaust gas generated in the furnace and exhaust gas exhaust 14 for discharging ash (fly ash) to the outside of the furnace, cooled and gradually exhausted exhaust gas into the furnace Circulating gas supply port 15 to be supplied, high-temperature air supply port 16 to supply high-temperature air heated by the heat exchanger 53 as exhaust heat recovery means, and air supply port to supply normal-temperature air (unheated air) 17 etc. are provided. Each supply port and discharge port is provided with a seal (not shown), and the airtightness of the space in the furnace is maintained.

  The organic substance supply port 11 is provided on the side wall portion of the carbonization furnace 10. One end of the organic substance supply port 11 communicates with a lower space (lower layer part) A3 in the furnace. The other end of the organic substance supply port 11 is connected to an input path 21 of the organic substance input unit 20, and an organic material as a raw material is input into the furnace from the input path 21 through the organic substance supply port 11. .

  The carbide discharge port 12 is provided at the lower end of the carbonization furnace 10. One end of the carbide discharge port 12 communicates with a lower space (lower layer portion) A3 in the furnace. The other end of the carbide discharge port 12 is connected to a recovery path 31 of the carbide recovery unit 30 via a rotary valve 34, and the carbide discharged from the carbide discharge port 12 is a recovery box 33 provided in the recovery path 31. Is to be housed. A cylindrical pipe member 12a is attached to the carbide discharge port 12, and the carbide accumulated in the lower layer portion A3 in the furnace is discharged from the upper end opening 12b of the pipe member 12a. That is, when the carbide accumulated in the lower layer portion A3 exceeds the height position of the upper end opening 12b of the pipe member 12a, the carbide is discharged from the upper end opening 12b. The upper end opening 12b of the pipe member 12a is formed at an angle inclined obliquely with respect to the horizontal direction. In this case, the height position of the upper end opening 12b of the pipe member 12a can be adjusted. For example, by preparing a plurality of pipe members 12a having different height positions of the upper end opening 12b and changing the pipe member 12a attached to the carbide discharge port 12, the height position of the upper end opening 12b is adjusted. Is possible.

  The combustion gas supply port 13 is provided on the side wall portion of the carbonization furnace 10. One end of the combustion gas supply port 13 communicates with a lower space (lower layer portion) A3 in the furnace. The other end of the combustion gas supply port 13 is connected to a supply path 41 of the combustion gas supply unit 40 so that the combustion gas is supplied from the supply path 41 into the furnace through the combustion gas supply port 13. Yes.

  The exhaust gas discharge port 14 is provided at the upper end portion of the carbonization furnace 10. One end of the exhaust gas discharge port 14 communicates with an upper space (upper layer portion) A1 in the furnace. The other end of the exhaust gas discharge port 14 is connected to a discharge path 51 of the exhaust gas discharge unit 50 so that exhaust gas and fly ash are discharged from the furnace to the discharge path 51 through the exhaust gas discharge port 14. It has become.

  The circulating gas supply port 15 is provided in the side wall portion of the carbonization furnace 10. One end of the circulating gas supply port 15 communicates with a lower space (lower layer portion) A3 in the furnace. The other end of the circulation gas supply port 15 is connected to a circulation path 52 of the exhaust gas discharge unit 50, and an exhaust gas having a relatively low oxygen concentration is circulated at a relatively low temperature (approximately 180 ° C.) after cooling and slow dusting. The gas is supplied from the path 52 into the furnace through the circulating gas supply port 15.

  The high temperature air supply port 16 is provided on the side wall portion of the carbonization furnace 10. One end of the hot air supply port 16 communicates with a lower space (lower layer portion) A3 in the furnace. The other end of the high-temperature air supply port 16 is connected to a supply path 61 of the high-temperature air supply unit 60, and relatively high-temperature (approximately 400 ° C.) air heated by the high-temperature air supply unit 60 is heated from the supply path 61. It is supplied into the furnace through the air supply port 16.

  The air supply port 17 is provided in the side wall portion of the carbonization furnace 10. A plurality of air supply ports 17 are provided. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, four air supply ports 17 a and four air supply ports 17 b are provided as the air supply ports 17. One end of the air supply port 17 communicates with an intermediate space (middle layer) A2 in the furnace. The other end of the air supply port 17 is connected to a supply path 81 of the air supply unit 80, and normal temperature air is supplied from the supply path 81 into the furnace through the air supply port 17.

  Thus, in addition to the combustion gas supplied from the combustion gas supply port 13, circulating gas and high-temperature air are supplied to the carbonization furnace 10. Further, room temperature air is also supplied to the carbonization furnace 10. When the carbonization furnace 10 is started, the inside of the furnace is heated and heated by the combustion gas supplied from the combustion gas supply port 13. Thereafter, when circulating gas and high-temperature air are supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 to the lower layer part A3, the carbonization treatment of the organic matter charged into the furnace is started. Specifically, the temperature of the lower layer portion A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 is approximately 650 ° C., and the oxygen concentration is reduced by the introduction of the circulating gas. Therefore, in the lower layer portion A3 of the carbonization furnace 10, organic matter is thermally decomposed, Carbide and combustible gas are generated. That is, the organic matter is not completely burned, but changes to a carbide state, and the generated carbide is suspended and fluidized in the lower layer A3. The carbides floating and flowing in the lower layer part A3 are discharged from the carbide discharge port 12 and stored in the recovery box 33 of the carbide recovery part 30.

  On the other hand, the combustible gas generated in the lower layer part A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 becomes a gas flow that rises (blows up) toward the upper layer part A1. The temperature of the upper part A1 of the carbonization furnace 10 is approximately 850 ° C., and in the upper part A1 of the carbonization furnace 10, the combustible gas is completely burned, and as a result, exhaust gas and ash (fly ash) are generated. The exhaust gas and ash generated in the upper layer part A1 are discharged from the exhaust gas discharge port 14 to the discharge path 51 of the exhaust gas discharge part 50. The middle layer part A2 between the upper layer part A1 and the lower layer part A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 is a place where the combustible gas generated in the lower layer part A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 rises toward the upper layer part A1. The middle layer A2 is a place where the upward combustible gas flow and the air supplied into the furnace are mixed.

  The organic material charging unit 20 includes a charging path 21 for charging an organic material as a raw material into the carbonization furnace 10, and a screw conveyor (feeding conveyor) 22 for conveying the organic material is provided in the charging path 21. When the screw 22a of the screw conveyor 22 is rotationally driven, organic substances supplied from a raw material hopper (not shown) are continuously charged into the carbonization furnace 10. By controlling the rotational drive of the screw 22a of the screw conveyor 22 by a control device (not shown), the amount of organic matter supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 can be adjusted.

  The carbide recovery unit 30 includes a recovery path 31 that recovers the carbide discharged from the rotary valve 34 of the carbide discharge port 12 of the carbonization furnace 10. The recovery path 31 includes a screw conveyor 32 that conveys the carbide, and a screw. A collection box 33 that houses (collects) the carbide conveyed by the conveyor 32 is provided. The carbide discharged from the carbide discharge port 12 is transported to the collection box 33 by rotationally driving the screw 32a of the screw conveyor 32. Further, the screw conveyor 32 is provided with a cooling water reservoir 32b, and the carbide being conveyed through the screw conveyor 32 is cooled by the cooling water supplied by the cooling water pump 73.

  The combustion gas supply unit 40 includes a supply path 41 that supplies combustion gas (fuel and air) for combustion to the carbonization furnace 10. The supply path 41 has a fuel supply path 41a for supplying fuel (for example, kerosene) and an air supply path 41b for supplying air mixed with the fuel in the fuel supply path 41a. As fuel, you may use things other than kerosene, for example, you may use another petroleum fuel (for example, heavy oil etc.). The fuel supply path 41 a is provided with a fuel tank 42 and a fuel pump 43, and the fuel stored in the fuel tank 42 is supplied by the fuel pump 43. The fuel in the fuel supply path 41a and the air in the air supply path 41b are mixed at a predetermined ratio, and then ignited by the burner 44. The ignited combustion gas enters the furnace from the combustion gas supply port 13 of the carbonization furnace 10. It is designed to be ejected (injected). By controlling the pump operation of the fuel pump 43 and the ignition operation of the burner 44 by a control device (not shown), the supply amount of the combustion gas ejected into the furnace can be adjusted. In the present embodiment, the supply of the combustion gas by the combustion gas supply unit 40 (ignition by the burner 44) is used only at the start of the operation of the carbonization furnace 10, and after the start of the carbonization treatment in the carbonization furnace 10. The carbonization treatment in the carbonization furnace 10 is continued even if the combustion gas is not supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 (even if ignition by the burner 44 is not performed).

  The exhaust gas discharge unit 50 is configured to cool the exhaust gas and ash (fly ash) discharged from the exhaust gas discharge port 14 of the carbonization furnace 10 and cool and gradually dust (slow ash). A circulation path 52 that circulates a part of the dusted exhaust gas to the carbonization furnace 10. In the discharge path 51, a heat exchanger (first heat exchanger) 53, a cooling cylinder (second heat exchanger) 54, a bag filter 55, an exhaust fan (blower) 56, and an exhaust cylinder (chimney) 57 And are provided. The circulation path 52 is branched at a position between the exhaust fan 56 and the exhaust pipe 57 in the discharge path 51. The circulation path 52 is provided with a blower (blower) 58.

  The heat exchanger 53 is provided for cooling (air cooling) the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas discharge port 14 of the carbonization furnace 10 by heat exchange with air. Supply of air for air cooling to the heat exchanger 53 is performed by a blower 62. The temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 10 is about 850 ° C., but is lowered to about 400 ° C. by the heat exchanger 53.

  The cooling cylinder 54 is provided for cooling (water cooling) the exhaust gas discharged from the heat exchanger 53 by heat exchange with cooling water. The cooling water supply unit 70 supplies cooling water for air cooling to the cooling cylinder 54. Although the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the heat exchanger 53 is approximately 400 ° C., the temperature of the exhaust gas is cooled to approximately 180 ° C. by the cooling cylinder 54.

  The bag filter 55 is provided to collect fly ash contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas discharge port 14 of the carbonization furnace 10. The exhaust gas from which fly ash has been removed by the bag filter 55 is exhausted from the exhaust cylinder 57 to the outside by the exhaust fan 56. That is, the fly ash in the exhaust gas is separated by the bag filter 55 so that the fly ash is not mixed into the exhaust gas discharged to the outside.

  On the other hand, a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the bag filter 55 is sent to the circulation path 52 by the blower 56 and introduced into the carbonization furnace 10 by the blower 58. The circulation path 52 is provided to circulate (circulate) a part of the exhaust gas from which fly ash has been separated by the bag filter 55 to the carbonization furnace 10. The temperature of the exhaust gas supplied from the circulation path 52 to the carbonization furnace 10 is approximately 180 ° C. The circulation path 52 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve (not shown), and the amount of exhaust gas (circulation gas) supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate adjustment valve with a control device (not shown). It has become.

  The high-temperature air supply unit 60 includes a supply path 61 that supplies relatively high-temperature air to the carbonization furnace 10. The supply path 61 is provided with a blower (blower) 62 and the heat exchanger 53 described above. The heat exchanger 53 is provided to heat the air supplied to the carbonization furnace 10, and the air that has passed through the heat exchanger 53 is heated to approximately 400 ° C. The temperature of the air supplied from the supply path 61 to the carbonization furnace 10 is approximately 400 ° C. The supply path 61 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve (not shown), and the amount of air (high temperature air) supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate adjustment valve with a control device (not shown). ing.

  The cooling water supply unit 70 is provided to supply cooling water to each part of the carbonization processing system 100, and includes a cooling water tank 71, cooling water pumps 72, 73, and the like. The cooling water pump 72 supplies cooling water to the cooling cylinder 54 of the exhaust gas discharge unit 50. The temperature of exhaust gas (circulation gas) supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 is adjusted by controlling the pump flow rate of the cooling water pump 72 by a control device (not shown) and controlling the amount of cooling water supplied to the cooling cylinder 54. It is possible. Further, the cooling water pump 73 supplies the cooling water to the cooling water reservoir 32 b of the carbide recovery unit 30.

  The air supply unit 80 includes a supply path 81 that supplies room temperature air to the carbonization furnace 10. The supply path 81 is branched from the supply path 61 of the high-temperature air supply unit 60 described above. That is, the upstream side of the supply path 81 is connected to the supply path 61 at a position upstream of the heat exchanger 53 of the supply path 61. The downstream side of the supply path 81 is branched into a plurality of paths. In the present embodiment, the downstream side of the supply path 81 is branched into eight paths, of which four paths are connected to the air supply port 17a and the remaining four paths are connected to the air supply port 17b. ing. The supply path 81 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve (not shown), and the amount of air supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate adjusting valve with a control device (not shown).

  In the carbonization processing system 100 having the above-described configuration, the exhaust gas (circulation gas) and high-temperature air supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 are used to perform carbonization treatment (thermal decomposition) of organic matter in the furnace. Combustion of generated combustible gas is performed. The temperature of the circulation gas supplied from the circulation path 52 is lower than the temperature of the high-temperature air supplied from the supply path 61, and the oxygen concentration of the circulation gas supplied from the circulation path 52 is the high temperature supplied from the supply path 61. Since the oxygen concentration is lower than the air concentration, the combustion temperature and oxygen concentration in the furnace of the carbonization furnace 10 are adjusted by adjusting the amount of circulating gas supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 and the amount of high-temperature air. Is possible. Thereby, in lower layer part A3 of carbonization furnace 10, carbonization processing (thermal decomposition) of organic substance is performed at comparatively low temperature (for example, 650 ° C), and organic substance is decomposed into carbide and combustible gas. In the upper layer part A1 of the carbonization furnace 10, the combustible gas generated by the carbonization process is completely burned at a relatively high temperature (for example, 850 ° C.). And the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated by carbonization process can be collect | recovered and the reuse of the carbide | carbonized_material can be aimed at. For example, in the case of sludge and wood chips, it can be reused as biomass fuel, in the case of livestock manure, it can be reused as feed for livestock and fish, etc. It can be reused. In addition, the ratio of the supply amount of the circulating gas to the carbonization furnace 10 and the supply amount of the high-temperature air is appropriately set according to the type of organic matter, the amount of moisture, the operating conditions of the carbonization furnace 10, etc. The higher the feed ratio, the lower the amount of carbides produced and the more organic matter that can be burned completely and become ash. On the other hand, the higher the ratio of the supply amount of the circulating gas, the slower the reaction rate of the thermal decomposition, and there is a possibility that the production efficiency of carbides is lowered.

  In addition, a supply path 81 of the air supply unit 80 is connected to a position above the intermediate position in the vertical direction of the carbonization furnace 10 so that air is supplied to the middle layer part A2 of the carbonization furnace 10. The air supplied from the supply path 81 into the furnace is mixed with the combustible gas flow that rises (blows up) toward the upper layer part A1. Since the oxygen concentration of the air supplied from the supply path 81 is higher than the oxygen concentration of the combustible gas rising toward the upper layer portion A1, the combustion of the combustible gas generated by the carbonization treatment is promoted in the upper layer portion A1. Can be made.

  In this embodiment, normal temperature air is supplied to the middle layer A2 of the carbonization furnace 10, but high temperature air from the high temperature air supply unit 60 is supplied to the middle layer A2 of the carbonization furnace 10 instead of normal temperature air. It is good also as composition to do. Or it is good also as a structure which supplies both normal temperature air and high temperature air to the middle layer part A2 of the carbonization furnace 10. FIG. When supplying high-temperature air from the high-temperature air supply unit 60, the air after heat exchange by the heat exchanger 53 may be introduced into the middle layer A <b> 2 of the carbonization furnace 10.

  Here, the introduction form of the air supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 from the supply path 81 can be an introduction form as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example. In FIG. 4, four air supply ports 17 a communicating with the middle layer part A <b> 2 of the carbonization furnace 10 are arranged every 90 degrees. The air supply port 17 a is provided in a direction perpendicular to the outer wall of the carbonization furnace 10. In other words, the circulating gas supply port 15 and the high temperature air supply port 16 are provided along a direction extending radially from the center (core) of the carbonization furnace 10 in plan view. When such an air supply port 17a is provided, the flow of air supplied from the supply path 81 to the carbonization furnace 10 is a flow toward the core.

  On the other hand, in FIG. 5, four air supply ports 17b communicating with the middle layer portion A2 of the carbonization furnace 10 are arranged every 90 degrees. The air supply port 17b is provided not in a direction perpendicular to the outer wall of the carbonization furnace 10 but in a direction inclined by an angle α with respect to the outer wall of the carbonization furnace 10. When such an air supply port 17 b is provided, the flow of air supplied from the supply path 81 to the carbonization furnace 10 becomes a swirl flow that flows along the inner wall of the carbonization furnace 10. Note that air may be supplied to the middle layer portion A2 of the carbonization furnace 10 using only one of the air supply port 17a in FIG. 4 and the air supply port 17b in FIG. In this case, the air supply port that is not used is sealed to ensure the airtightness of the space in the furnace.

  In addition, in addition to the heat exchanger 53 that performs air cooling of the exhaust gas, the discharge path 51 is provided with a cooling cylinder 54 that performs water cooling of the exhaust gas, so that the temperature of the circulating gas supplied to the carbonization furnace 10 can be reduced. It can be reduced efficiently.

  Moreover, since the height position of the upper end opening part 12b of the pipe member 12a provided in the lower end part of the carbonization furnace 10 can be adjusted, according to the kind of organic matter, moisture content, the operating conditions of the carbonization furnace 10, etc. Even if the amount of carbide produced in the lower layer part A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 varies, the collection efficiency of the carbide can be improved by adjusting the height position of the upper end opening 12b.

  In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the upper limit value of the temperature of the circulating gas supplied from the circulation path 52 to the lower layer part A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 is approximately 180 ° C. This is because if the temperature of the circulating gas is higher than 180 ° C., the bag filter 55 may be damaged. As described above, the temperature of the circulating gas can be adjusted by controlling the pump flow rate of the cooling water pump 72 and controlling the amount of cooling water supplied to the cooling cylinder 54. The lower limit value of the temperature of the circulating gas is not particularly limited. However, the lower the temperature of the circulating gas, the slower the reaction rate of the thermal decomposition, and there is a possibility that the generation efficiency of carbides is lowered.

  In the said embodiment, it is preferable that the lower limit of the temperature of the high temperature air supplied to the lower layer part A3 of the carbonization furnace 10 from the supply path 61 shall be about 400 degreeC. This is because if the temperature of the high-temperature air is lower than 400 ° C., there is a concern that the reaction rate of thermal decomposition becomes slow and the generation efficiency of carbides is lowered. The temperature of the hot air can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate of the air supplied to the heat exchanger 53. For example, it is possible to adjust the temperature of the high-temperature air by controlling the flow rate of the air supplied to the heat exchanger 53 by adjusting the amount of air blown from the blower (blower) 62. The upper limit value of the temperature of the high-temperature air is not particularly limited, but as the temperature of the high-temperature air increases, the amount of generated carbides may decrease, and the amount of organic matter that is completely burned and becomes ash may increase. .

  In the above embodiment, the case where the carbonization furnace 10 is integrally provided with the lower layer part A3 that performs the carbonization treatment of the organic substance and the upper layer part A1 that performs the complete combustion of the combustible gas has been described. That is, the case where the upper layer part A1 of the carbonization furnace 10 is provided above the middle layer part A2 and the lower layer part A3 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper layer part A1 that performs complete combustion of the combustible gas may be installed on the side (lateral side) of the middle layer part A2. In this case, the upper layer part A1 and the middle layer part A2 may be connected via a pipe (gas pipe). In this configuration, the installation height of the carbonization furnace 10 can be reduced. Further, the exhaust gas discharge port 14 may be provided in the lower part of the upper layer part A1, and this makes it possible to further reduce the installation height of the carbonization furnace 10.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the air-cooled heat exchanger 53 is provided as the exhaust heat recovery means for recovering the heat (exhaust heat) of the exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 10 has been described. It is good also as a structure which provides a drying furnace, a boiler, etc. instead of. Or in addition to the heat exchanger 53, it is good also as a structure which provides a drying furnace, a boiler, etc. For example, in the case of a configuration in which a drying furnace is provided instead of the cooling cylinder 54 described above, by introducing the exhaust gas discharged from the heat exchanger 53 into the drying furnace, the heat of the exhaust gas is used as a heat source, Various things can be dried (dehydrated). For example, the organic matter put into the carbonization furnace 10 can be dried by the drying furnace, and when the sludge is dried by the drying furnace, the dehydrated sludge whose water content is reduced to a small amount (for example, about 8%) can be easily obtained. Can be obtained.

  Embodiment disclosed this time is an illustration in all the points, Comprising: It does not become the basis of limited interpretation. The technical scope of the present invention is not interpreted only by the above-described embodiments, but is defined based on the description of the scope of claims. Further, the technical scope of the present invention includes all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the scope of the claims.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in a carbonization processing system that performs carbonization processing of organic matters such as sludge, animal manure, compost, and wood chips.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Carbonization processing system 10 Carbonization furnace 20 Organic substance input part 21 Input path 30 Carbide recovery part 31 Recovery path 40 Combustion gas supply part 41 Supply path 50 Exhaust gas discharge part 51 Discharge path 52 Circulation path 53 Heat exchanger 60 High temperature air supply part 61 Supply route

Claims (5)

It is a carbonization processing system that performs carbonization of organic matter such as sludge, livestock manure, compost, and wood chips, and collects the carbide of the organic matter,
A carbonization furnace for carbonizing the organic material;
An exhaust heat recovery means for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization furnace,
The carbonization furnace includes an organic substance charging path for charging the organic substance into the furnace, a carbide recovery path for recovering the carbide generated in the furnace, and a combustion gas supply path for supplying combustion gas into the furnace. An exhaust gas discharge path for discharging exhaust gas generated in the furnace to the outside of the furnace, a high-temperature air supply path for supplying high-temperature air heated by the exhaust heat recovery means into the furnace, and the exhaust heat recovery means And an exhaust gas circulation path for circulating a part of the exhaust gas cooled by the above in the furnace,
The carbonization system characterized in that the temperature and oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas circulation path are lower than the temperature and oxygen concentration of the hot air in the high-temperature air supply path. The carbonization system according to claim 1,
At least one of a heat exchanger, a drying furnace, and a boiler is provided as the exhaust heat recovery means. The carbonization system according to claim 1 or 2,
An air supply path for supplying air into the furnace is connected to the upper side of the intermediate position in the vertical direction of the carbonization furnace, and combustible gas generated by the carbonization process is combusted by supplying air from the air supply path. A carbonization processing system characterized in that The carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A second heat exchanger for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery means;
A filter that collects fly ash contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the second heat exchanger;
A carbonization processing system comprising: a blower for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the filter to the outside through an exhaust pipe. The carbonization processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A carbonization processing system, wherein a lower end portion of the carbonization furnace is provided with an outlet from which the carbide can be taken out so that the height position of the upper end opening of the outlet can be adjusted.

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