JP2017202801A - Power generation control system and power generation control method - Google Patents

Power generation control system and power generation control method Download PDF

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JP2017202801A
JP2017202801A JP2016097242A JP2016097242A JP2017202801A JP 2017202801 A JP2017202801 A JP 2017202801A JP 2016097242 A JP2016097242 A JP 2016097242A JP 2016097242 A JP2016097242 A JP 2016097242A JP 2017202801 A JP2017202801 A JP 2017202801A
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generator
power generation
power
generation control
generated
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怜馬 西村
Reima Nishimura
怜馬 西村
小川　誠
Makoto Ogawa
誠 小川
祐介 岡
Yusuke Oka
祐介 岡
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To highly efficiently generate power even with a small load.SOLUTION: A power generation control system comprises: a first generator 10 for providing power to be supplied to a driving motor 50 that drives a driving wheel 90; a second generator 20 which is disposed in parallel to the first generator 10, has the maximum output power larger than that of the first generator 10, and provides power to be supplied to the driving motor 50; and a control device 100 for performing first generation control to cause the first generator 10 to generate when required generation energy is smaller than a first threshold T1, performing second generation control to cause the second generator 20 to generate when the generation energy is larger than the first threshold T1 and smaller than a second threshold T2, and performing third generation control to cause the first and second generators 10 and 20 to generate power when the generation energy is larger than the second threshold T2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、発電制御システム及び発電制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a power generation control system and a power generation control method.

被駆動体を駆動する駆動モータに電力を供給する発電機の発電を制御する発電制御システムとして、例えば駆動輪を駆動モータで駆動させるシリーズ型ハイブリット車において、走行中に駆動モータへ電力を供給する発電機の発電制御が行われている。発電機は負荷に応じて発電が大きくなる特性を有するため、シリーズ型ハイブリット車においては大型の発電機が利用されている。   As a power generation control system that controls power generation of a generator that supplies power to a drive motor that drives a driven body, for example, in a series type hybrid vehicle in which drive wheels are driven by a drive motor, power is supplied to the drive motor during traveling Power generation control of the generator is performed. Since the generator has a characteristic that the power generation increases according to the load, a large generator is used in the series type hybrid vehicle.

特開２０１０−１４３３１０号公報JP 2010-143310 A

ところで、大型の発電機を用いた場合には、負荷が小さい時の発電効率が低下してしまう。例えば、シリーズ型ハイブリット車における低速走行時等の低負荷時には、駆動モータへ供給すべき電力が小さいため、大型の発電機が発電を行うと発電効率が悪くなる。
なお、負荷が小さい時に、発電機を停止してバッテリーから駆動モータへ電力を供給する方法も検討されうるが、かかる場合には、バッテリーの残量低下やバッテリーへの充放電損失が問題となる。 By the way, when a large generator is used, the power generation efficiency when the load is small is lowered. For example, since power to be supplied to the drive motor is small when the load is low, such as during low-speed running in a series type hybrid vehicle, the power generation efficiency deteriorates when a large generator generates power.
In addition, when the load is small, a method of stopping the generator and supplying power from the battery to the drive motor can also be considered, but in such a case, a decrease in the remaining amount of the battery or a charge / discharge loss to the battery becomes a problem. .

そこで、本発明はこれらの点に鑑みてなされたものであり、負荷が小さい時でも発電を高効率に行うことを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object thereof is to perform power generation with high efficiency even when the load is small.

本発明の第１の態様においては、被駆動体を駆動する駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第１発電機と、前記第１発電機と並列に設けられ、前記第１発電機よりも最大出力電力が大きく、前記駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第２発電機と、必要な発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第１発電機を発電させる第１発電制御を行い、前記発電電力量が前記第１閾値よりも大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第２発電機を発電させる第２発電制御を行い、前記発電電力量が前記第２閾値よりも大きい場合には、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機を発電させる第３発電制御を行う発電制御部と、を備える、発電制御システムを提供する。
かかる発電制御システムにおいて、第１発電機及び第２発電機は、１つの大型発電機で発電する場合に比べて、それぞれ低負荷時や中負荷時の発電効率が高い。このため、車両の低速走行時等の低負荷時（発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合）に第１発電機を発電させ、中負荷時（発電電力量が第１閾値より大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合）に第２発電機を発電させることで、低・中負荷時でも高効率で発電を行うことが可能となる。また、高負荷時には、第１発電機及び第２発電機の両方を発電させることにより高出力で発電できるので、バッテリーから駆動モータへの電力供給を抑制でき、この結果バッテリーの残量低下を抑制できる。 In the first aspect of the present invention, a first generator that obtains electric power to be supplied to a drive motor that drives a driven body, and a first output that is provided in parallel with the first generator, the maximum output than the first generator. A second generator for obtaining electric power to be supplied to the drive motor and a second generator for obtaining electric power to be supplied to the drive motor, and performing a first power generation control for generating the first generator when a required amount of generated electric power is smaller than a first threshold; When the generated power amount is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the second power generation control for generating the second generator is performed, and the generated power amount is larger than the second threshold value. Provides a power generation control system including a power generation control unit that performs third power generation control to generate power from the first power generator and the second power generator.
In such a power generation control system, the first generator and the second generator have higher power generation efficiency at low load and medium load, respectively, compared to the case where power is generated by one large generator. For this reason, the first generator is caused to generate power when the vehicle is running at a low load, such as when the vehicle is running at low speed (when the amount of generated power is smaller than the first threshold value), and when the vehicle is at a medium load (the generated power amount is greater than the first threshold value) By generating the second generator when it is smaller than the threshold value, it is possible to generate power with high efficiency even at low and medium loads. In addition, when the load is high, both the first generator and the second generator can generate electric power with high output, so the power supply from the battery to the drive motor can be suppressed, and as a result, the remaining amount of the battery is suppressed. it can.

また、前記発電制御部は、発電中に、前記第１発電制御と前記第２発電制御と前記第３発電制御を切り替えることとしてもよい。   The power generation control unit may switch between the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control during power generation.

また、前記発電制御部は、前記第３発電制御を行う際に、前記第１発電機の発電効率と前記第２発電機の発電効率とが同じになるように、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機を同時に発電させることとしてもよい。   Further, the power generation control unit, when performing the third power generation control, the first generator and the power generator so that the power generation efficiency of the first generator and the power generation efficiency of the second generator become the same It is good also as generating a 2nd generator simultaneously.

また、前記発電制御システムは、充放電可能なバッテリーを更に備え、前記発電制御部は、前記駆動モータ及び前記バッテリーの少なくとも一方に電力を供給する際に、前記第１発電制御及び前記第２発電制御を行うこととしてもよい。   The power generation control system further includes a chargeable / dischargeable battery, and the power generation control unit supplies the first power generation control and the second power generation when supplying power to at least one of the drive motor and the battery. It is good also as performing control.

また、前記被駆動体は、車両の駆動輪であり、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機は、前記車両の内燃機関を原動機として有することとしてもよい。   The driven body may be a driving wheel of a vehicle, and the first generator and the second generator may include an internal combustion engine of the vehicle as a prime mover.

本発明の第２の態様においては、被駆動体を駆動する駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第１発電機の発電と、前記第１発電機と並列に設けられ、前記第１発電機よりも最大出力電力が大きく、前記駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第２発電機の発電とを制御する発電制御方法であって、必要な発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第１発電機を発電させる第１発電制御を行うステップと、前記発電電力量が前記第１閾値よりも大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第２発電機を発電させる第２発電制御を行うステップと、前記発電電力量が前記第２閾値よりも大きい場合には、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機を発電させる第３発電制御を行うステップと、を有する、発電制御方法を提供する。
かかる発電制御方法によれば、低負荷時（発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合）に第１発電機を発電させ、中負荷時（発電電力量が第１閾値より大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合）に第２発電機を発電させることで、低・中負荷時でも高効率で発電を行うことが可能となる。また、高負荷時には、第１発電機及び第２発電機の両方を発電させることにより高出力で発電できるので、バッテリーから駆動モータへの電力供給を抑制でき、この結果バッテリーの残量低下を抑制できる。 In the second aspect of the present invention, the first generator is configured to generate electric power to be supplied to the drive motor that drives the driven body, and is provided in parallel with the first generator, and more than the first generator. A power generation control method for controlling power generation of a second generator that obtains power to be supplied to the drive motor with a large maximum output power, and when the necessary power generation amount is smaller than a first threshold, Performing a first power generation control for generating power by one generator, and a second power generation control for generating power by the second generator when the amount of generated power is larger than the first threshold and smaller than a second threshold. And a step of performing a third power generation control for generating the first power generator and the second power generator when the generated power amount is larger than the second threshold value. provide.
According to such a power generation control method, the first generator is caused to generate power when the load is low (when the amount of generated power is smaller than the first threshold), and during the middle load (where the amount of generated power is greater than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold). If the second generator generates power when the power is small, it is possible to generate power with high efficiency even at low and medium loads. In addition, when the load is high, both the first generator and the second generator can generate electric power with high output, so the power supply from the battery to the drive motor can be suppressed, and as a result, the remaining amount of the battery is suppressed. it can.

本発明によれば、負荷が小さい時でも発電を高効率に行うことができるという効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, there is an effect that power generation can be performed with high efficiency even when the load is small.

本発明の一の実施形態に係る発電制御システムＳの構成の一例を示す模式図である。It is a mimetic diagram showing an example of composition of power generation control system S concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 比較例に係る発電機の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the electric power generation amount and electric power generation efficiency of the generator which concerns on a comparative example. 本実施形態における発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the electric power generation amount and power generation efficiency in this embodiment. 第１閾値Ｔ１及び第２閾値Ｔ２を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating 1st threshold value T1 and 2nd threshold value T2. 第１発電機１０と第２発電機２０の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the electric power generation amount of the 1st generator 10 and the 2nd generator 20, and power generation efficiency. 小型発電機及び中型発電機の両方が発電した場合の発電効率を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the power generation efficiency in case both a small generator and a medium sized generator generate | occur | produce. 発電制御の処理例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process example of electric power generation control.

＜発電制御システムの構成＞
図１を参照しながら、本発明の一の実施形態に係る発電制御システムＳの構成について説明する。 <Configuration of power generation control system>
A configuration of a power generation control system S according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

図１は、一の実施形態に係る発電制御システムＳの構成の一例を示す模式図である。発電制御システムＳは、例えばトラック等の車両に搭載されている。車両は、ここでは駆動輪を駆動モータで駆動させるシリーズ型ハイブリット車である。発電制御システムＳは、図１に示すように、第１発電機１０と、第２発電機２０と、バッテリー３０と、インバータ４０と、駆動モータ５０と、制御装置１００とを有する。   Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram showing an example of composition of power generation control system S concerning one embodiment. The power generation control system S is mounted on a vehicle such as a truck, for example. Here, the vehicle is a series type hybrid vehicle in which driving wheels are driven by a driving motor. As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation control system S includes a first power generator 10, a second power generator 20, a battery 30, an inverter 40, a drive motor 50, and a control device 100.

第１発電機１０は、発電を行い駆動モータ５０に供給する電力を得る。第１発電機１０は、車両の走行状態に応じて、発電電力量を変える。また、第１発電機１０は、車両の走行状態に応じて、駆動モータ５０に電力を供給するのに加えて、バッテリー３０を充電する。   The first generator 10 generates electric power and obtains electric power to be supplied to the drive motor 50. The first generator 10 changes the amount of generated power according to the traveling state of the vehicle. Further, the first generator 10 charges the battery 30 in addition to supplying power to the drive motor 50 according to the traveling state of the vehicle.

第１発電機１０は、第１エンジン１１と第１発電モータ１２を含む。第１エンジン１１は、内燃機関であり、ここではディーゼルエンジンであるが、ガソリンエンジンであってもよい。第１発電モータ１２は、第１エンジン１１の駆動軸に連結されており、第１エンジン１１により駆動される。   The first generator 10 includes a first engine 11 and a first generator motor 12. The first engine 11 is an internal combustion engine, which is a diesel engine here, but may be a gasoline engine. The first generator motor 12 is connected to the drive shaft of the first engine 11 and is driven by the first engine 11.

第２発電機２０は、第１発電機１０と並列に設けられており、発電を行い駆動モータ５０に供給する電力を得る。第２発電機２０は、車両の走行状態に応じて、発電電力量を変える。また、第２発電機２０は、車両の走行状態に応じて、駆動モータ５０に電力を供給するのに加えて、バッテリー３０を充電する。本実施形態では、第２発電機２０は中型発電機であり、第１発電機１０は小型発電機である。具体的には、第２発電機２０の最大出力電力が第１発電機１０の最大出力電力よりも大きく、第２発電機２０の発電効率が最大値となる発電電力量が第１発電機１０の発電効率が最大値となる発電電力量よりも大きい。   The second generator 20 is provided in parallel with the first generator 10, and generates power to be supplied to the drive motor 50 by generating power. The second generator 20 changes the amount of generated power according to the traveling state of the vehicle. Further, the second generator 20 charges the battery 30 in addition to supplying power to the drive motor 50 according to the traveling state of the vehicle. In the present embodiment, the second generator 20 is a medium generator, and the first generator 10 is a small generator. Specifically, the maximum output power of the second generator 20 is larger than the maximum output power of the first generator 10, and the generated power amount at which the power generation efficiency of the second generator 20 becomes the maximum value is the first generator 10. The power generation efficiency is greater than the maximum amount of generated power.

第２発電機２０は、第２エンジン２１と第２発電モータ２２を含む。第２エンジン２１は、内燃機関であり、ここではディーゼルエンジンであるが、ガソリンエンジンであってもよい。第２発電モータ２２は、第２エンジン２１の駆動軸に連結されており、第２エンジン２１により駆動される。   The second generator 20 includes a second engine 21 and a second generator motor 22. The second engine 21 is an internal combustion engine, which is a diesel engine here, but may be a gasoline engine. The second generator motor 22 is connected to the drive shaft of the second engine 21 and is driven by the second engine 21.

バッテリー３０は、充放電可能な蓄電池である。バッテリー３０は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の少なくとも一方によって、充電される。バッテリー３０は、放電して駆動モータ５０に電力を供給する。   The battery 30 is a chargeable / dischargeable storage battery. The battery 30 is charged by at least one of the first generator 10 and the second generator 20. The battery 30 discharges and supplies power to the drive motor 50.

インバータ４０は、バッテリー３０と駆動モータ５０の間に設けられ、直流電力と交流電力を変換する。例えば、インバータ４０は、バッテリー３０からの出力を変換して、駆動モータ５０に供給する。   The inverter 40 is provided between the battery 30 and the drive motor 50 and converts DC power and AC power. For example, the inverter 40 converts the output from the battery 30 and supplies it to the drive motor 50.

駆動モータ５０は、被駆動体である車両の駆動輪９０を駆動させて、車両を走行させる。例えば、駆動モータ５０は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の少なくとも一方からの電力や、バッテリー３０からの電力を受けて、駆動輪９０を駆動させる。なお、車両の減速時に駆動モータ５０が発生する回生電力は、バッテリー３０に充電される。   The drive motor 50 drives the drive wheels 90 of the vehicle, which is a driven body, to drive the vehicle. For example, the drive motor 50 receives power from at least one of the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 or power from the battery 30 to drive the drive wheels 90. The regenerative power generated by the drive motor 50 when the vehicle is decelerated is charged in the battery 30.

制御装置１００は、発電制御システムＳの動作全体を制御する。本実施形態では、制御装置１００は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の発電を制御する発電制御部の機能を有する。制御装置１００は、例えば、ＲＯＭ及びＲＡＭ等により構成される記憶部と、ＣＰＵにより構成される制御部とを有する。制御部は、記憶部に記憶されているプログラムを実行して、各種処理を行う。   The control device 100 controls the entire operation of the power generation control system S. In the present embodiment, the control device 100 has a function of a power generation control unit that controls power generation of the first generator 10 and the second generator 20. For example, the control device 100 includes a storage unit configured by a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and a control unit configured by a CPU. The control unit executes programs stored in the storage unit and performs various processes.

＜発電機の発電効率＞
本実施形態では、負荷が小さい時（低負荷時及び中負荷時）の発電効率を高めるために、小型発電機である第１発電機１０と中型発電機である第２発電機２０とを用いている。負荷は、ここでは第１発電モータ１２や第２発電モータ２２の出力軸における負荷であり、例えばバッテリー３０、インバータ４０及び駆動モータ５０に左右され、車両の低速走行時には低負荷となる。以下においては、本実施形態における発電効率について、比較例と対比しながら説明する。 <Power generation efficiency of the generator>
In this embodiment, in order to increase the power generation efficiency when the load is small (low load and medium load), the first generator 10 that is a small generator and the second generator 20 that is a medium generator are used. ing. Here, the load is a load on the output shaft of the first generator motor 12 or the second generator motor 22, and depends on, for example, the battery 30, the inverter 40, and the drive motor 50, and becomes a low load when the vehicle travels at a low speed. Below, the power generation efficiency in this embodiment is demonstrated, contrasting with a comparative example.

図２は、比較例に係る発電機の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示す図である。比較例に係るシリーズ型ハイブリット車においては、２つの発電機を有する本実施形態とは異なり、１つの大型発電機が用いられる。大型発電機は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０に比べて、最大出力電力が大きい発電機である。通常、発電機は負荷に応じて発電が大きくなる特性を有するが、低速走行時等の低負荷時には発電電力量が小さい。そして、比較例に係る発電機においては、発電電力量が小さい場合（図２のＡの部分）に発電効率が小さくなってしまう。   FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the amount of generated power and the power generation efficiency of the generator according to the comparative example. In the series-type hybrid vehicle according to the comparative example, unlike the present embodiment having two generators, one large generator is used. The large generator is a generator having a larger maximum output power than the first generator 10 and the second generator 20. Usually, the generator has a characteristic that the power generation increases according to the load, but the amount of generated power is small at a low load such as during low-speed running. And in the generator which concerns on a comparative example, when the amount of generated electric power is small (A part of FIG. 2), power generation efficiency will become small.

図３は、本実施形態における発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示す図である。なお、図３では、本実施形態の発電効率を太線で示し、対比するために図２の比較例の発電効率を破線で示している。本実施形態では、小型発電機である第１発電機１０と中型発電機である第２発電機２０を用いることで、図３に示すように、発電電力量が小さい場合（低負荷時及び中負荷時）の発電効率が高くなる。低負荷時と中負荷時の小型発電機や中型発電機の発電効率が大型発電機の発電効率よりも高い理由は、例えば、エンジンが小型発電機や中型発電機を駆動させる際の出力が、大型発電機を駆動させる際の出力よりも大きいことに起因する。なお、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０は、例えば、同時に出力を行うと最大出力が比較例に係る大型発電機の最大出力と同じ大きさになる関係にある。   FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of generated power and the power generation efficiency in the present embodiment. In FIG. 3, the power generation efficiency of the present embodiment is indicated by a thick line, and the power generation efficiency of the comparative example of FIG. 2 is indicated by a broken line for comparison. In the present embodiment, by using the first power generator 10 that is a small power generator and the second power generator 20 that is a medium power generator, as shown in FIG. The power generation efficiency at the time of load increases. The reason why the power generation efficiency of small generators and medium generators at low load and medium load is higher than that of large generators is that, for example, the output when the engine drives a small generator or medium generator This is because it is larger than the output when driving a large generator. In addition, the 1st generator 10 and the 2nd generator 20 have the relationship for which the maximum output will become the same magnitude | size as the maximum output of the large sized generator which concerns on a comparative example, if it outputs simultaneously, for example.

本実施形態に係る制御装置１００は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０による発電制御を行う。ここでは、制御装置１００は、駆動モータ５０への電力の供給の際に発電制御を行うものとして説明する。   The control device 100 according to the present embodiment performs power generation control by the first generator 10 and the second generator 20. Here, the control device 100 will be described as performing power generation control when power is supplied to the drive motor 50.

制御装置１００は、負荷に応じて必要な発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合（低負荷時）には、小型発電機である第１発電機１０を発電させる第１発電制御を行い、発電電力量が第１閾値よりも大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合（中負荷時）には、中型発電機である第２発電機２０を発電させる第２発電制御を行う。また、制御装置１００は、必要な発電電力量が第２閾値よりも大きい場合（高負荷時）には、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方を発電させる第３発電制御を行う。かかる場合には、負荷の大きさに応じて発電機の使用数を切り替えることになる。そして、低負荷時に小型発電機である第１発電機１０を発電させ、中負荷時に中型発電機である第２発電機２０を発電させることで、低・中負荷時の発電効率を高めることができる。   The control device 100 performs the first power generation control for generating power by the first power generator 10 that is a small power generator when the amount of generated power required according to the load is smaller than the first threshold (when the load is low). When the amount of generated power is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value (medium load), second power generation control is performed to generate power from the second generator 20 that is a medium-sized generator. Further, the control device 100 performs the third power generation control for generating both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 when the required amount of generated power is larger than the second threshold (when the load is high). . In such a case, the number of generators used is switched according to the magnitude of the load. Further, by generating power from the first generator 10 that is a small generator at low loads and generating power at the second generator 20 that is a medium generator at medium loads, it is possible to increase power generation efficiency at low and medium loads. it can.

図４は、第１閾値Ｔ１及び第２閾値Ｔ２を説明するための図であり、図３の発電電力量が小さい領域での発電効率を示している。図４に示すように、第１閾値Ｔ１は、第１発電機１０が単独で発電する際の発電効率を示す曲線Ｌ１と、第２発電機２０が単独で発電する際の発電効率を示す曲線Ｌ２との交点での発電電力量である。第２閾値Ｔ２は、曲線Ｌ２と、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方が発電する際の発電効率を示す曲線Ｌ３との交点である発電電力量である。   FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the first threshold value T1 and the second threshold value T2, and shows the power generation efficiency in the region where the generated power amount is small in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the first threshold value T1 is a curve L1 indicating the power generation efficiency when the first generator 10 generates power alone and a curve indicating the power generation efficiency when the second generator 20 generates power alone. This is the amount of power generated at the intersection with L2. The second threshold T2 is the amount of generated power that is the intersection of the curve L2 and the curve L3 indicating the power generation efficiency when both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 generate power.

図４を見ると分かるように、発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも小さい領域では、第１発電機１０単独での発電効率が最も高く、発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１〜第２閾値Ｔ２の間の領域では、第２発電機２０単独での発電効率が最も高く、発電電力が第２閾値Ｔ２よりも大きい領域では、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方による発電効率が最も高い。このため、本実施形態では、発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１より小さい場合には第１発電制御が行われ、発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１より大きく第２閾値Ｔ２より小さい場合には第２発電制御が行われ、発電電力量が第２閾値Ｔ２よりも大きい場合には第３発電制御が行われる。   As can be seen from FIG. 4, in the region where the generated power amount is smaller than the first threshold value T1, the power generation efficiency of the first generator 10 alone is the highest, and the generated power amount is between the first threshold value T1 and the second threshold value T2. In the region between the two, the second generator 20 alone has the highest power generation efficiency, and in the region where the generated power is larger than the second threshold T2, the power generation efficiency by both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 is high. highest. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first power generation control is performed when the generated power amount is smaller than the first threshold T1, and the second power is generated when the generated power amount is larger than the first threshold T1 and smaller than the second threshold T2. When the power generation control is performed and the generated power amount is larger than the second threshold value T2, the third power generation control is performed.

制御装置１００は、車両の走行時において発電する際に、第１発電制御と第２発電制御と第３発電制御を切り替える。車両の走行状態に応じて必要な発電電力量が変化するが、上記のように発電中に第１発電制御と第２発電制御と第３発電制御を切り替えることで、車両の走行中に負荷が変動しても高効率で発電を行うことができる。また、制御装置１００は、第３発電制御を行う際に、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０を同時に発電させる。これにより、高負荷時に高出力の発電を高効率で行うことができるので、バッテリー３０から駆動モータ５０の電力供給を抑制でき、バッテリー３０の残量低下を抑制できる。   The control device 100 switches between the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control when generating power when the vehicle is traveling. The amount of generated electric power required changes according to the running state of the vehicle. As described above, by switching between the first electric power generation control, the second electric power generation control, and the third electric power generation control during the electric power generation, a load is applied during the driving of the vehicle. Even if it fluctuates, power can be generated with high efficiency. Moreover, the control apparatus 100 makes the 1st generator 10 and the 2nd generator 20 generate electric power simultaneously, when performing 3rd electric power generation control. As a result, high-output power generation can be performed with high efficiency at high loads, so that power supply from the drive motor 50 from the battery 30 can be suppressed, and a decrease in the remaining amount of the battery 30 can be suppressed.

ここで、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の発電効率の詳細について説明する。
図５は、第１発電機１０と第２発電機２０の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示す図である。図５（ａ）は、第１発電機１０単独の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示し、図５（ｂ）は、第２発電機２０単独の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示し、図５（ｃ）は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０が同時に発電する際の発電電力量と発電効率の関係を示している。第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０は、図５（ａ）と図５（ｂ）を対比すると分かるように、発電効率を示す曲線がほぼ同じ傾向を示している。 Here, the detail of the power generation efficiency of the 1st generator 10 and the 2nd generator 20 is demonstrated.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of power generated by the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 and the power generation efficiency. FIG. 5A shows the relationship between the generated power amount of the first generator 10 and the power generation efficiency, and FIG. 5B shows the relationship between the generated power amount of the second generator 20 and the power generation efficiency. FIG.5 (c) has shown the relationship between the electric power generation amount and electric power generation efficiency at the time of the 1st generator 10 and the 2nd generator 20 generating simultaneously. As can be seen from the comparison between FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 have the same tendency in curves indicating the power generation efficiency.

また、図５（ａ）〜図５（ｃ）を対比すると分かるように、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０を同時に発電させる際の発電効率を示す曲線も、第１発電機１０又は第２発電機単独の発電曲率を示す曲線と同じ傾向を示している。このため、制御装置１００は、第３発電制御を行う際に、第１発電機１０の発電効率と第２発電機２０の発電効率とが同じになるように、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０を同時に発電させることになる。かかる場合には、第１発電制御、第２発電制御及び第３発電制御を行う際に、第１発電機１０と第２発電機２０を同様に動作させることができるので、制御を行いやすくなる。   Further, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C, the curve indicating the power generation efficiency when the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 are simultaneously generated is also the first generator 10 or The same tendency as the curve indicating the power generation curvature of the second generator alone is shown. Therefore, when performing the third power generation control, the control device 100 causes the first power generator 10 and the second power generator 10 so that the power generation efficiency of the first power generator 10 and the power generation efficiency of the second power generator 20 are the same. The generator 20 is caused to generate power at the same time. In such a case, when the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control are performed, the first generator 10 and the second power generator 20 can be operated in the same manner, so that the control is facilitated. .

本実施形態では、第１発電機１０が小型発電機であり、第２発電機２０が中型発電機であることとした。かかる場合には、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方が小型発電機である場合に比べて、低負荷時及び中負荷時の発電効率がより高くなる。   In the present embodiment, the first generator 10 is a small generator, and the second generator 20 is a medium generator. In such a case, compared with a case where both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 are small generators, the power generation efficiency at the time of low load and medium load becomes higher.

図６は、小型発電機及び中型発電機の両方が発電した場合の発電効率を説明するための図である。図６では、小型発電機である第１発電機１０と中型発電機である第２発電機２０とを用いた場合の発電効率を太線で示し、対比するために、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方が小型発電機である場合の発電効率を一点鎖線で示している。図６を見ると分かるように、第１発電機１０が小型発電機で第２発電機２０が中型発電機である場合の方が、発電電力量が小さい場合（すなわち、低負荷時及び中負荷時）の発電効率が高くなっているので、より有効である。   FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the power generation efficiency when both the small generator and the medium generator generate power. In FIG. 6, the power generation efficiency in the case of using the first generator 10 that is a small generator and the second generator 20 that is a medium generator is indicated by a thick line, and in order to compare, the first generator 10 and the first generator The power generation efficiency when both the two generators 20 are small generators is indicated by a one-dot chain line. As can be seen from FIG. 6, when the first generator 10 is a small generator and the second generator 20 is a medium generator, the amount of generated power is smaller (that is, at low load and medium load). This is more effective because the power generation efficiency is higher.

上記においては、駆動モータ５０への電力の供給の際に、第１発電制御、第２発電制御及び第３発電制御を行うこととしたが、これに限定されない。例えば、駆動モータ５０及びバッテリー３０に電力を供給する際に、第１発電制御、第２発電制御及び第３発電制御を行ってもよい。また、バッテリー３０に電力を供給する際に、第１発電制御、第２発電制御及び第３発電制御を行ってもよい。すなわち、駆動モータ５０とバッテリー３０の少なくとも一方に電力を供給する際に、第１発電制御、第２発電制御及び第３発電制御が行われる。   In the above description, the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control are performed when power is supplied to the drive motor 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when power is supplied to the drive motor 50 and the battery 30, the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control may be performed. Further, when power is supplied to the battery 30, the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control may be performed. That is, when power is supplied to at least one of the drive motor 50 and the battery 30, the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control are performed.

＜発電制御の処理例＞
図７を参照しながら、発電制御の処理例について説明する。本処理は、制御装置１００の制御部が記憶部に記憶されたプログラムを実行することで実現される。 <Example of power generation control>
A processing example of power generation control will be described with reference to FIG. This process is realized by the control unit of the control device 100 executing a program stored in the storage unit.

図７は、発電制御の処理例を示すフローチャートである。
まず、制御装置１００は、負荷に応じて必要な発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも小さいか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１０２）。そして、ステップＳ１０２で発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも小さいと判定した場合には（Ｙｅｓ）、制御装置１００は、第１発電制御を行う（ステップＳ１０４）。すなわち、制御装置１００は、小型発電機である第１発電機１０を発電させて、電力を駆動モータ５０に供給する。 FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a processing example of power generation control.
First, the control device 100 determines whether or not the required amount of generated power is smaller than the first threshold T1 according to the load (step S102). When it is determined in step S102 that the generated power amount is smaller than the first threshold T1 (Yes), the control device 100 performs the first power generation control (step S104). That is, the control device 100 generates power from the first generator 10 that is a small generator, and supplies power to the drive motor 50.

一方で、ステップＳ１０２で発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも大きいと判定した場合には（Ｎｏ）、制御装置１００は、発電電力量が第２閾値Ｔ２よりも大きいか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１０６）。そして、ステップＳ１０６で発電電力量が第２閾値Ｔ２よりも小さいと判定した場合には（Ｎｏ）、制御装置１００は、第２発電制御を行う（ステップＳ１０８）。すなわち、制御装置１００は、中型発電機である第２発電機２０を発電させて、電力を駆動モータ５０に供給する。   On the other hand, when it is determined in step S102 that the generated power amount is larger than the first threshold T1 (No), the control device 100 determines whether or not the generated power amount is larger than the second threshold T2 ( Step S106). When it is determined in step S106 that the generated power amount is smaller than the second threshold T2 (No), the control device 100 performs the second power generation control (step S108). That is, the control device 100 generates power from the second generator 20, which is a medium-sized generator, and supplies power to the drive motor 50.

一方で、ステップＳ１０６で発電電力量が第２閾値Ｔ２よりも大きいと判定した場合には（Ｙｅｓ）、制御装置１００は、第３発電制御を行う（ステップＳ１１０）。すなわち、制御装置１００は、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方を発電させて、電力を駆動モータ５０に供給する。   On the other hand, when it determines with electric power generation amount being larger than 2nd threshold value T2 by step S106 (Yes), the control apparatus 100 performs 3rd electric power generation control (step S110). That is, the control device 100 generates both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 and supplies electric power to the drive motor 50.

その後、制御装置１００は、発電を終了しない場合には（ステップＳ１１２：Ｎｏ）、発電電力量と第１閾値Ｔ１及び第２閾値Ｔ２とを比較して、発電中に発電制御を切り替える（ステップＳ１０２〜Ｓ１１０）。すなわち、制御装置１００は、発電中に、負荷に応じて使用する発電機を切り替える。これにより、高効率で発電を継続させることができる。   Thereafter, when the power generation is not finished (step S112: No), the control device 100 compares the power generation amount with the first threshold value T1 and the second threshold value T2, and switches the power generation control during power generation (step S102). ~ S110). That is, the control device 100 switches the generator to be used according to the load during power generation. Thereby, power generation can be continued with high efficiency.

＜本実施形態における効果＞
上述した本実施形態の発電制御システムＳにおいては、小型発電機である第１発電機１０と中型発電機である第２発電機２０が並列に設けられている。そして、発電制御システムＳは、負荷に応じて必要な発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも小さい場合には、第１発電機１０を発電させる第１発電制御を行い、発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも大きく第２閾値Ｔ２よりも小さい場合には、第２発電機２０を発電させる第２発電制御を行う。また、発電制御システムＳは、発電電量が第２閾値Ｔ２よりも大きい場合には、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方を発電させる第３発電制御を行う。
第１発電機１０と第２発電機２０は、１つの大型発電機で発電する場合に比べて、それぞれ低負荷時や中負荷時の発電効率が高い。このため、車両の低速走行時等の低負荷時（発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１よりも小さい場合）に小型発電機である第１発電機１０を発電させ、中負荷時（発電電力量が第１閾値Ｔ１より大きく第２閾値Ｔ２よりも小さい場合）に中型発電機である第２発電機２０を発電させることで、低・中負荷時でも高効率で発電を行うことが可能となる。また、高負荷時には、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０の両方を発電させることにより高出力で発電できるので、バッテリー３０から駆動モータ５０への電力供給を抑制でき、この結果バッテリー３０の残量低下を抑制できる。 <Effect in this embodiment>
In the power generation control system S of the present embodiment described above, the first power generator 10 that is a small power generator and the second power generator 20 that is a medium power generator are provided in parallel. Then, the power generation control system S performs the first power generation control that causes the first generator 10 to generate power when the amount of generated power necessary for the load is smaller than the first threshold value T1, and the generated power amount is the first. When it is larger than the threshold value T1 and smaller than the second threshold value T2, second power generation control for generating power by the second generator 20 is performed. In addition, the power generation control system S performs third power generation control that generates power in both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 when the amount of generated power is larger than the second threshold T2.
The first generator 10 and the second generator 20 have higher power generation efficiency at low load and medium load, respectively, compared to the case where power is generated by one large generator. For this reason, the first generator 10, which is a small generator, is caused to generate power when the vehicle is running at a low load such as when the vehicle is traveling at low speed (when the amount of generated power is smaller than the first threshold T1), By generating the second generator 20, which is a medium-sized generator, in a case where it is larger than the first threshold T1 and smaller than the second threshold T2, it is possible to generate power with high efficiency even at low and medium loads. Further, when the load is high, both the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 can generate electric power with high output, so that power supply from the battery 30 to the drive motor 50 can be suppressed. A decrease in the remaining amount can be suppressed.

なお、上記では、発電制御システムＳが、トラック等の車両に搭載されていることとしたが、これに限定されない。例えば、発電制御システムＳは、車両以外の装置（例えば、発電装置、建設機械、船舶等）に搭載されてもよい。   In the above description, the power generation control system S is mounted on a vehicle such as a truck. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the power generation control system S may be mounted on a device other than a vehicle (for example, a power generation device, a construction machine, a ship, etc.).

また、上記では、第１発電機１０の第１発電モータ１２が第１エンジン１１により駆動され、第２発電機２０の第２発電モータ２２が第２エンジン２１により駆動されることとしたが、これに限定されない。例えば、第１発電モータ１２及び第２発電モータ２２は、共通のエンジンにより駆動されてもよい。   In the above description, the first generator motor 12 of the first generator 10 is driven by the first engine 11 and the second generator motor 22 of the second generator 20 is driven by the second engine 21. It is not limited to this. For example, the first generator motor 12 and the second generator motor 22 may be driven by a common engine.

また、上記では、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０が、原動機として、内燃機関である第１エンジン１１及び第２エンジン２１を有することとしたが、これに限定されない。例えば、第１発電機１０及び第２発電機２０は、内燃機関以外の原動機を有することとしてもよい。   In the above description, the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 include the first engine 11 and the second engine 21 that are internal combustion engines as prime movers. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the first generator 10 and the second generator 20 may have a prime mover other than the internal combustion engine.

以上、本発明を実施の形態を用いて説明したが、本発明の技術的範囲は上記実施の形態に記載の範囲には限定されない。上記実施の形態に、多様な変更又は改良を加えることが可能であることが当業者に明らかである。そのような変更又は改良を加えた形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれ得ることが、特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかである。   As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be added to the above embodiment. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

１０ 第１発電機
２０ 第２発電機
３０ バッテリー
５０ 駆動モータ
１００ 制御装置
Ｓ 発電制御システム
Ｔ１ 第１閾値
Ｔ２ 第２閾値

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st generator 20 2nd generator 30 Battery 50 Drive motor 100 Control apparatus S Electric power generation control system T1 1st threshold value T2 2nd threshold value

Claims (6)

被駆動体を駆動する駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第１発電機と、
前記第１発電機と並列に設けられ、前記第１発電機よりも最大出力電力が大きく、前記駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第２発電機と、
必要な発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第１発電機を発電させる第１発電制御を行い、前記発電電力量が前記第１閾値よりも大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第２発電機を発電させる第２発電制御を行い、前記発電電力量が前記第２閾値よりも大きい場合には、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機を発電させる第３発電制御を行う発電制御部と、
を備える、発電制御システム。 A first generator for obtaining electric power to be supplied to a drive motor for driving a driven body;
A second generator that is provided in parallel with the first generator, has a maximum output power greater than that of the first generator, and obtains power to be supplied to the drive motor;
When the required amount of generated power is smaller than the first threshold value, the first power generation control is performed to generate the first generator, and the generated power amount is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value. The second power generation control for generating the second generator is performed, and when the generated power amount is larger than the second threshold, the first generator and the second generator are generated third. A power generation control unit for performing power generation control;
A power generation control system. 前記発電制御部は、発電中に、前記第１発電制御と前記第２発電制御と前記第３発電制御を切り替える、
請求項１に記載の発電制御システム。 The power generation control unit switches between the first power generation control, the second power generation control, and the third power generation control during power generation.
The power generation control system according to claim 1. 前記発電制御部は、前記第３発電制御を行う際に、前記第１発電機の発電効率と前記第２発電機の発電効率とが同じになるように、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機を同時に発電させる、
請求項１又は２に記載の発電制御システム。 The power generation control unit performs the third power generation control so that the power generation efficiency of the first power generator is the same as the power generation efficiency of the second power generator when performing the third power generation control. Power generators at the same time,
The power generation control system according to claim 1 or 2. 充放電可能なバッテリーを更に備え、
前記発電制御部は、前記駆動モータ及び前記バッテリーの少なくとも一方に電力を供給する際に、前記第１発電制御及び前記第２発電制御を行う、
請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の発電制御システム。 A battery that can be charged and discharged;
The power generation control unit performs the first power generation control and the second power generation control when supplying power to at least one of the drive motor and the battery.
The power generation control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 前記被駆動体は、車両の駆動輪であり、
前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機は、前記車両の内燃機関を原動機として有する、
請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の発電制御システム。 The driven body is a driving wheel of a vehicle,
The first generator and the second generator have an internal combustion engine of the vehicle as a prime mover,
The power generation control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 被駆動体を駆動する駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第１発電機の発電と、前記第１発電機と並列に設けられ、前記第１発電機よりも最大出力電力が大きく、前記駆動モータに供給する電力を得る第２発電機の発電とを制御する発電制御方法であって、
必要な発電電力量が第１閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第１発電機を発電させる第１発電制御を行うステップと、
前記発電電力量が前記第１閾値よりも大きく第２閾値よりも小さい場合には、前記第２発電機を発電させる第２発電制御を行うステップと、
前記発電電力量が前記第２閾値よりも大きい場合には、前記第１発電機及び前記第２発電機を発電させる第３発電制御を行うステップと、
を有する、発電制御方法。

Power generation of a first generator that obtains electric power to be supplied to a drive motor that drives a driven body, and a maximum output power that is provided in parallel with the first generator and that is larger than the first generator, A power generation control method for controlling power generation of a second generator to obtain power to be supplied,
When the required amount of generated power is smaller than a first threshold, performing a first power generation control for generating the first generator; and
When the amount of generated power is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, performing a second power generation control for causing the second generator to generate power; and
When the amount of generated power is greater than the second threshold, performing a third power generation control for generating power at the first generator and the second generator;
A power generation control method.

JP2016097242A 2016-05-13 2016-05-13 Power generation control system and power generation control method Pending JP2017202801A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021193258A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-30 日立建機株式会社 Working machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021193258A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-30 日立建機株式会社 Working machine
JP2021156208A (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-10-07 日立建機株式会社 Working machine

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