JP2017198452A - Radiation air-conditioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiation air-conditioning method capable of being constructed regardless a height of an attic space, and also excellent in starting of air-conditioning and dehumidification capacity.SOLUTION: A radiation air-conditioning method comprises: a radiation panel 2 arranged separately from a surface 11 sectioning an indoor space 1, and configured to perform thermal radiation TR into the indoor space 1; and an air conditioner 3 configured to take in air of the indoor space 1, and supply air-conditioned air to an air-conditioned air circulation space S1 between the surface 11 and the radiation panel 2, the air-conditioned air circulation S1 opened to the indoor space 1. The radiation panel 2 is cooled or heated by air-conditioned air supplied to the air-conditioned air circulation space S1, to perform radiation air-conditioning with the thermal radiation TR, and is configured to perform indoor convection air-conditioning of adjusting a temperature of air in the indoor space 1 by outflowing air-conditioned air passing through the air-conditioned air circulation S1 to the indoor space 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a radiation air-conditioning method for air-conditioning indoor space by radiation of heat.

  In general, an air conditioner for making the temperature and humidity environment of the indoor space comfortable is designed to jet conditioned air into the indoor space and convect it. According to such an air jet type air conditioner, an air flow is generated in the indoor space, and the air flow directly hits the human body, which may cause discomfort. Therefore, in recent years, attention has been paid to a radiation air-conditioning system in which an unpleasant air flow feeling and an indoor temperature vertical temperature distribution are less likely to occur.

  FIG. 9 shows the prior art of this type of radiant air conditioning system. That is, the radiant air-conditioning system shown in FIG. 9 forms a ceiling back space 104 whose upper and side portions are appropriately insulated and sealed by the heat insulating material 102 on the back side of the ceiling material 101, and the air conditioner is installed in the ceiling back space 104. Cooling air or heating air A from 103 is supplied, and the indoor space 105 is cooled and heated by heat radiation from the ceiling material 101 (see Patent Document 1 below).

Here, the human sensible temperature can be roughly expressed by the following equation (1).
The radiant air-conditioning system is intended to obtain an appropriate sensible temperature by adjusting t2 in the formula (1), compared with a general air jet type air-conditioning system that blows conditioned air into the indoor space. Because there is no need to stir the air, there is less unpleasant airflow and air conditioning noise, and the indoor air temperature itself can be kept low in winter and high in summer. Loss is reduced and the air temperature setting is reduced, so the relative humidity in winter is increased and the relative humidity in summer is shifted to a lower level, creating a comfortable humidity environment. It can be said that this air conditioning system is suitable for people and people with low metabolism.

JP-A-5-149586

  However, since the conventional radiant air conditioning system shown in FIG. 9 installs the air conditioner 103, the heat insulating material 102, the piping, and the like in the ceiling space 104, construction and maintenance work is performed on the ceiling. In addition, the height of the ceiling space 104 needs to be high to some extent. In addition, if the ceiling space 104 is not heated or cooled to some extent, radiation from the ceiling material 101 to the indoor space 105 is not performed, so that the heating and cooling does not start well, and therefore the indoor space 105 becomes a comfortable space for a long time. The dehumidifying effect is expected by allowing moisture generated in the indoor space 105 to permeate into the ceiling space 104 using the ceiling material 101 having moisture permeability. There was also a concern that the dehumidifying ability was inferior.

  In the radiant air conditioning method of the present invention, an air conditioner that takes in air in an indoor space and blows out conditioned air is cooled, and the surface that divides the indoor space and the surface spaced from the surface are radiated to the indoor space. A step of sending cooling air to the conditioned air circulation space between the moisture permeable radiating panel allowing passage of water vapor, and cooling the radiating panel by the cooling air sent to the conditioned air circulation space. The process of radiating cold heat from the surface of the indoor space to the indoor space, and the cooling air that is sent to the conditioned air circulation space and heated up by heat exchange with the heat radiating panel is opened at the open end of the conditioned air circulation space And the step of flowing out the water vapor absorbed by the radiant panel into the conditioned air circulation space by osmotic pressure.

  According to the radiant air-conditioning system according to the present invention, it is not always necessary to install an air conditioner or the like in the ceiling space, and the degree of freedom of installation increases, so that the construction can be performed regardless of the height of the ceiling space. In addition, the radiant cooling and heating effect by heat radiation from the radiant panel complements the convective cooling and heating effect caused by cooling air or heated air flowing into the indoor space from the open end of the conditioned air circulation space on the back side of the radiant panel. This makes it possible to perform air conditioning with excellent standing characteristics. Moreover, since the air conditioner takes in indoor air and performs air conditioning in the same manner as for convection cooling and heating, it is possible to ensure dehumidification during cooling.

It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 1st embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 2nd embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 3rd embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 4th embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 5th embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 6th Embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 7th embodiment. It is schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 8th embodiment. It is a longitudinal section showing an example of a radiation air-conditioning system concerning a prior art roughly.

  Hereinafter, various embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment.

  Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 is an indoor space, 11 is a ceiling surface that defines the indoor space 1, 12 is a wall surface, and 13 is a floor surface. The radiating panel 2 is spaced apart from the ceiling surface 11, and the wall surface 12 takes in air from the indoor space 1 and supplies conditioned air to the conditioned air circulation space S 1 between the ceiling surface 11 and the back surface of the radiating panel 2. A machine (indoor unit in a heat pump type air conditioner) 3 is attached, and the conditioned air circulation space S1 is open to the indoor space 1. The ceiling surface 11 corresponds to a “surface that partitions the indoor space”.

  As the radiating panel 2, a thin hard fiber board (for example, a hard board having a thickness of 2.5 mm) having a low thermal resistance (good thermal conductivity) and moisture permeability is preferably used. The conditioned air (cooling / dehumidified air or heated air) is sent to the conditioned air circulation space S <b> 1 through the ventilation pipe 31.

  In the above configuration, when performing cooling in the summer, when the user performs cooling operation of the air conditioner 3 by operating a remote controller (not shown), first, the cooling air from the air conditioner 3 is conditioned air circulation space via the ventilation pipe 31. S1 is sent. In the process of passing the cooling / dehumidifying air through the conditioned air circulation space S1, heat exchange with the radiant panel 2 is performed by rubbing the back surface (upper surface) of the radiant panel 2 having a small thermal resistance. 2 is cooled, t2 in Formula (1) described above is lowered, and the radiation TR of cold heat from the surface (lower surface) of the radiation panel 2 to the indoor space 1 is performed. In this case, the radiation intensity of the heat (infrared rays) from the cooled radiating panel 2 is actually extremely low, so that the heat radiated from the human body surface or the like is cooled by the cooled radiating panel 2. However, for the sake of convenience, it is assumed that the cooling sensation due to the radiation TR from the radiating panel 2 is sensed.

  On the other hand, the cooling air whose temperature is appropriately increased by heat exchange with the radiant panel 2 flows out from the open end of the conditioned air circulation space S1 to the indoor space 1 and descends the indoor space 1 by convection. The flow of the cooling air is decelerated by diffusion and friction in the conditioned air circulation space S1 and, as described above, is appropriately heated by heat exchange with the radiating panel 2, so that the indoor convection The descending speed due to the above is moderate, and this descending airflow is generated along the wall surface 12 from the periphery of the radiation panel 2. For this reason, an unpleasant air flow feeling is suppressed, and for example, a user in a lying position feels a cooling sensation mainly due to the radiation TR from the radiation panel 2.

  Moreover, since the air conditioner 3 takes in the air of the indoor space 1 and cools and dehumidifies it, the amount of water vapor in the indoor space 1 decreases. Specifically, when the air in the indoor space 1 is taken into the air conditioner 3 and cooled, the water vapor contained in the air is saturated and condensed, liquefied and discharged outside the building. The cooling air supplied to the circulation space S1 has a low humidity. For this reason, the water vapor absorbed by the radiant panel 2 having moisture permeability is efficiently released into the conditioned air circulation space S1 by osmotic pressure, and then taken into the air conditioner 3 via the indoor space 1 to be condensed and removed. Will be. At this time, since the latent heat generated when the water vapor is liquefied in the air conditioner 3 is also released to the outside of the building by the heat pump mechanism, the amount of water vapor in the indoor space 1 is reduced.

  In addition to the need to cool the entire space behind the ceiling unlike the conventional radiant air conditioning system, the cooling air that has passed through the conditioned air circulation space S1 flows out to the upper part of the indoor space 1. The poor start-up is improved, and a comfortable environment can be achieved in a short time. Furthermore, since t2 in Formula (1) falls, room temperature (air temperature t1 in Formula (1)) can be set high compared with a general convection type (air jet type) air conditioning system, For this reason, for example, the temperature difference from the outside air when ventilating by opening a window is reduced, and the heat loss is also suppressed, and as a result, it is possible to contribute to energy saving.

  And since the hard fiber board which comprises the radiation panel 2 has moisture permeability, it cools with the cooling air which passes air-conditioning air circulation space S1, and becomes the radiation | emission surface (surface which faced the indoor space 1) of the radiation panel 2 Condensation can be prevented from occurring, and therefore, deterioration of the radiant cooling efficiency due to latent heat emission accompanying condensation can be prevented.

  Next, in the case of heating in winter, when the user causes the air conditioner 3 to perform a heating operation by operating a remote controller (not shown), first, heated air from the air conditioner 3 is conditioned air circulation space S1 via the ventilation pipe 31. Sent to. And in the process in which this heated air passes through the conditioned air circulation space S1, heat exchange with the radiant panel 2 is performed, that is, the radiant panel 2 is heated, so that t2 in the formula (1) described above becomes high, The radiation panel 2 radiates heat TR into the indoor space 1.

  On the other hand, the heated air appropriately cooled by heat exchange with the radiant panel 2 flows out from the open end portion of the conditioned air circulation space S1 into the indoor space 1 and enters the upper portion of the indoor space 1 (an area higher than the height of the human). Stay. For this reason, the discomfort due to the difference in temperature distribution in the human living space and the airflow is suppressed, and for example, a user in the lying position feels a warm feeling mainly due to the radiation TR from the radiation panel 2.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to heat the entire space behind the ceiling unlike the conventional radiant air conditioning system, the bad rise of the radiant heating is improved, and a comfortable environment can be obtained in a short time. Furthermore, in order to raise t2 in Formula (1), room temperature (air temperature t1 in Formula (1)) can be set low compared with a general convection type (air jet type) air conditioning system. Moreover, since the heated air that has flowed out of the conditioned air circulation space S1 stays in the upper portion of the indoor space 1 and the air in the lower portion of the indoor space 1 is relatively low temperature, for example, outside air when opening a window for ventilation As a result, the temperature difference is reduced and the heat loss is also reduced. As a result, it is possible to contribute to energy saving.

  Further, during the cooling in summer, the air in the indoor space 1 is dehumidified by the air conditioner 3 and, as described above, the room temperature can be set high, so that the relative humidity in the summer shifts to a lower level in the winter. Since the room temperature can be set low during heating, the relative humidity in the winter room shifts to a higher level. Therefore, a comfortable humidity environment can be created. In addition, as described above, users in a lying position are given a gentle cooling and warm feeling mainly by radiation from the radiating panel 2, so that a person is supine, such as a bedroom in a house or a private room in a welfare facility for the elderly. Or it is effective as an indoor air-conditioning means with a long period of low metabolism.

  Moreover, according to the radiation air conditioning system having the above-described configuration, the air conditioner 3 and the like are installed in the indoor space 1 and do not need to be installed on the back of the ceiling as in the conventional case. Construction is possible. For this reason, maintenance and the like can be easily performed.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the conditioned air from the air conditioner 3 is blown perpendicularly to the center of the back surface of the radiating panel 2 and diffused. As described above, it is also preferable to supply the conditioned air in a direction parallel to the radiation panel 2.

  FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment described above, for example, a foamed resin heat insulating material is provided at a position on the ceiling surface 11 facing the radiation panel 2 via the conditioned air circulation space S1. A heat insulating plate 4 made of or the like is provided.

  If comprised in this way, air-conditioning air circulation space S1 will be formed between the radiation panel 2 and the heat insulation board 4, Therefore, the air-conditioning air (cooling / dehumidification air sent from the air conditioner 3 via the ventilation pipe 31 is used. (Or heated air), the heat transfer to the ceiling surface 11 is blocked in the process of passing through the air-conditioned air circulation space S1, so that heat loss is reduced, and the radiation efficiency from the radiation panel 2 to the indoor space 1 is increased. The temperature control efficiency by the conditioned air flowing out from the open end of the conditioned air circulation space S1 into the indoor space 1 can be increased.

  In particular, during the cooling operation, the ceiling surface 11 is not cooled by the cooling air passing through the conditioned air circulation space S1, so that it is possible to prevent condensation on the ceiling surface 11.

  Note that the narrower the distance L1 between the radiating panel 2 and the heat insulating plate 4 (the height of the air-conditioned air circulation space S1), the better the thermal efficiency, but the greater the air resistance, and the wider the resistance, the smaller the resistance. At this time, the heated air supplied to the conditioned air circulation space S1 is likely to rise without coming into contact with the radiating panel 2, and the thermal efficiency is lowered. And in order to maintain such a space | interval L1, the spacer (not shown) is interposed between the radiation panel 2 and the heat insulation board 4, and this radiation panel 2 and the heat insulation board 4 are attached to the ceiling surface 11. FIG.

  FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment. In the third embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the second embodiment described above, a luminaire 5 for illuminating the indoor space 1 is attached to the radiation panel 2. In this case, the electrical wiring to the lighting fixture 5 can be performed using the conditioned air circulation space S1.

  If comprised in this way, the indoor illumination substantially the same as the case where the lighting fixture 5 is attached to the ceiling surface 11 can be ensured, without providing a radiation air conditioning system. In this case, radiation TR from the radiation panel 2 is performed in a region around the lighting fixture 5.

  FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the second embodiment described above, the surface of the heat insulating plate 4 on the air-conditioned air circulation space S1 side and / or the surface on the ceiling surface 11 side is a thin film. A reflective material 41 made of metal, for example, aluminum, is attached.

  If comprised in this way, the heat radiated from the conditioned air (cooling / dehumidified air or heated air) passing through the conditioned air circulation space S1 to the heat insulation plate 4 side will be on the conditioned air circulation space S1 side in the heat insulation plate 4. Since it is reflected toward the radiation panel 2 by the reflecting material 41 covering the surface, not only heat loss due to heat transfer to the heat insulating plate 4 itself is reduced, but also the amount of incident radiation heat to the radiation panel 2 is increased. Therefore, the radiation efficiency from the radiation panel 2 to the indoor space 1 can be enhanced, and the temperature control efficiency by the conditioned air flowing out from the open end of the conditioned air circulation space S1 to the indoor space 1 can be enhanced. Further, the radiant heat from the ceiling surface 11 is reflected toward the ceiling surface 11 by the reflecting material 41 that covers the surface of the heat insulating plate 4 on the ceiling surface 11 side.

  FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, in the configuration of the second embodiment described above, in order to improve the design on the surface of the radiating panel 2 opposite to the conditioned air circulation space S1 (inside the indoor space 1). A cloth material 21 is adhered, and a moisture-permeable cloth material is employed for the cloth material 21 so as not to impair the moisture permeability of the radiating panel 2.

  FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, the heat insulating plate 4 in the second embodiment described above is spaced apart from the ceiling surface 11 with a uniform required distance L2, and is attached via an appropriate hanging bracket 42 or the like. Attached.

  If comprised in this way, the unevenness | corrugation of the ceiling surface 11 and interference with the fixtures 14, such as an embedded lighting fixture and a speaker arrange | positioned on the ceiling surface 11, can be avoided, or between the heat insulation board 4 and the ceiling surface 11 is possible. By using the space S2, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the electrical wiring and the instrument 14 can be increased. Moreover, heat loss due to heat transfer from the heat insulating plate 4 to the ceiling surface 11 is also reduced by the thermal resistance of the air layer present in the space S2, so that the heat radiation efficiency from the radiation panel 2 and the conditioned air circulation space S1 It can also contribute to the improvement of the temperature control efficiency by the conditioned air flowing out from the open end to the indoor space 1.

  FIG. 7 shows a seventh embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, the region on the opening position side of the downstream end of the ventilation pipe 31 extending from the outlet of the air conditioner 3 in the outer peripheral portion of the conditioned air circulation space S1 is It is surrounded by a damming portion 22 that is integrally attached to a part in a plane U shape, and this damming portion 22 limits the outflow range of the conditioned air from the conditioned air circulation space S1 to the indoor space 1. In addition, you may employ | adopt any structure shown in FIGS. 1-6 demonstrated previously for the other part which is not shown by FIG.

  If comprised in this way, the air-conditioning air sent to the air-conditioning air circulation space S1 from the air conditioner 3 via the ventilation pipe 31 will be directed to the open end on the right side in the figure that is not blocked by the blocking unit 22. It is guided and flows out from the open end portion into the indoor space 1. Therefore, temperature unevenness on the surface (radiation surface) of the radiant panel 2 that is cooled or heated by the conditioned air is less likely to occur, and radiation to the indoor space 1 can be made uniform.

  FIG. 8 shows an eighth embodiment. In the eighth embodiment, similarly to FIG. 7 described above, the outer peripheral portion of the conditioned air circulation space S1 is planarly shaped by a damming portion 22 that is integrally attached to a part of the outer peripheral portion of the radiation panel 2. In addition to the configuration surrounded by, the area surrounded by the damming portion 22 is divided into a plurality of flow paths S1a and S1b by a partition portion 23 extending toward the open end on the right side in the figure, and the air conditioner 3 blows out. A ventilation pipe 31 extending from the opening is branched into a plurality of branch ventilation pipes 31a and 31b that can be selectively switched and opened via a damper 32, and the downstream ends thereof are opened to the flow paths S1a and S1b. It is. In addition, you may employ | adopt any structure shown in FIGS. 1-6 demonstrated previously for the other part which is not shown by FIG.

  If comprised in this way, by switching opening and closing of the branch ventilation pipes 31a and 31b by the damper 32, the air-conditioning air from the air conditioner 3 is selectively sent to either of the flow paths S1a and S1b in the air-conditioning air circulation space S1. Which can be arbitrarily changed.

  In addition, as a means for changing the radiation area, in addition to the one using the damper 32, one using the movement of the partition portion 23 and the like can be considered.

  Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, although the radiation panel 2 (and heat insulation board 4) was arrange | positioned in the ceiling surface 11, it is not limited to this, For example, you may install in parallel with the wall surface 12. FIG. When configured in this way, radiation from the side is caused by passing the conditioned air through the conditioned air circulation space formed between the wall surface and the radiation panel or between the heat insulating plate installed on the wall surface and the radiation panel. Done.

  As described above, an indoor unit of an air conditioner such as a heat pump has an advantage that it can be installed in the living room. However, if the air intake and the outlet are in the living room, the installation location of the indoor unit is particularly limited. In other words, it can be installed in the ceiling of a living room, the ceiling of a corridor, or in a closet.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Indoor space 2 Radiation panel 3 Air conditioner 11 Ceiling surface (surface which divides indoor space)
12 Wall surface (surface that divides indoor space)
13 Floor (surface that divides indoor space)
21 Cloth material (breathable cloth material)
22 Damping part S1 Air-conditioned air circulation space

Claims (4)

Moisture permeability that allows the air conditioner that takes in the air in the indoor space to cool and operates the air conditioner, and that allows the passage of water vapor that separates the indoor space and radiates heat to the indoor space to be separated from the surface. Sending cooling air to the conditioned air circulation space between the radiating panel and
Cooling the radiation panel with cooling air sent to the conditioned air circulation space, and radiating cold heat from the surface of the radiation panel to the indoor space; and
A step of flowing out the cooling air, which is sent to the conditioned air circulation space and heated up by heat exchange with the heat radiating panel, from the open end of the conditioned air circulation space to the indoor space;
Dehumidifying water vapor absorbed by the radiant panel into the conditioned air circulation space by osmotic pressure; and
A radiant air-conditioning method comprising: As the radiating panel, a hard fiber board is adopted,
The radiant air-conditioning method according to claim 1. A moisture permeable cloth material is attached to the radiation panel.
The radiation air-conditioning method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein By restricting the outflow range of the cooling air to the indoor space by a damming portion provided in the conditioned air circulation space, it was made difficult to cause temperature unevenness on the surface of the radiation panel,
The radiant air-conditioning method according to claim 1, wherein the radiant air-conditioning method is provided.