JP2017191023A - Profile measuring apparatus of blast furnace burden - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a profile measuring apparatus of a blast furnace burden that has a small size, is inexpensive, and can accurately measure the 3D profile of the blast furnace burden.SOLUTION: A profile measuring apparatus 1 includes: a pair of imaging apparatuses 12 and 12 that are disposed at mutually separate positions in a furnace top of a blast furnace 2 and can color-photograph the surface of a blast furnace burden 5; a visible light illumination device 11 that is disposed at a position separate from the pair of imaging apparatuses 12 and 12 in the furnace top of the blast furnace 2 and irradiates the blast furnace burden 5; and a control device 13 for applying 3D image measurement processing to an image photographed by the pair of imaging apparatuses 12 and 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring a surface shape (3D profile) of a blast furnace interior.

  Generally, in the blast furnace in the production of pig iron, as the charge from the top of the furnace, sintered ore or lump iron ore baked and compacted with fine iron ore, and coke are alternately charged and deposited, and the ore is placed in the furnace. A layer and a coke layer are formed. The iron ore is heated and reduced (indirect reduction) by the CO gas generated by the reaction between the hot air blown from the tuyere below the blast furnace and coke, and part of the iron ore is reduced directly by the coke and softened and fused. After forming the band, it becomes a droplet. The droplets, that is, the molten iron, pass between the coke layers and accumulate at the bottom of the furnace. The ore layer and coke layer formed in the furnace gradually descend in the furnace.

  In the above process, it is very important to adjust the charge distribution at the top of the furnace formed by the iron ore and coke charged in the blast furnace to obtain an appropriate gas distribution. The profile (surface shape) of the charge at the top of the furnace in the blast furnace is determined by the moving armor in the bell-type charging device and the fall trajectory of the charge through the distribution chute in the bell-less charging device. At the time of normal charging, the profile of the charge at the top of the furnace has a substantially inverted conical shape whose center is low with the center vertical direction (axial center) of the blast furnace as the axis. The profile of the blast furnace interior is important information for the operation of the blast furnace, and in recent years, the distribution control of the charge has been complicated in order to stabilize the operation at a low coke ratio. There is a growing need for measurement of profiles that achieves high measurement frequency and accuracy.

  The mainstream of the current blast furnace interior profile measuring apparatus is a microwave system in which the irradiation profile is measured two-dimensionally by scanning the irradiation microwave in the blast furnace. Furthermore, in recent years, an apparatus for measuring the profile of the entire surface of the blast furnace interior three-dimensionally (3D) using microwaves has been announced.

  However, when the microwave method is used as a 3D profile measuring device for blast furnace interior entrance, an incident angle problem peculiar to the microwave method becomes obvious for a mortar interior mortar interior commonly used in Japan. That is, when the incident angle of the microwave into the charge is reduced, the measurement accuracy is lowered, and in some cases, the reflected wave may not be measured. Moreover, in order to measure the profile of the entire surface of the blast furnace interior three-dimensionally, a considerable amount of measurement is required, but the descending speed of the blast furnace interior is about 100 mm / min, and the measurement time is lengthened. In short, the problem arises that the charge drops and the profile changes during that time. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to install a plurality of extremely expensive 3D profile devices, which is not realistic in consideration of cost and installation space.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of measuring the entire profile of a blast furnace interior entry three-dimensionally from a temperature pattern on the surface of the charge with a pair of infrared cameras. However, in the blast furnace interior, only the center of the furnace reaches a high temperature of several hundred degrees Celsius, but in the range other than the center, the surface temperature of the charge is usually said to be 100 ° C. or less. Therefore, only the center portion appears white, and since the temperature difference is small in the other ranges, contrast cannot be obtained, and a desired temperature pattern cannot be measured. Therefore, 3D profile measurement by an infrared camera has not been put into practical use.

JP 2008-96298 A

  As described above, there is a problem in the microwave method and the infrared method in measuring the 3D profile of the blast furnace interior, and it is difficult to put it into practical use.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a blast furnace interior profile measuring apparatus that is small and inexpensive and can accurately measure the 3D profile of the blast furnace interior.

  In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a pair of imaging devices that are arranged at positions separated from each other at the top of the blast furnace and that can color-shoot the surface of the blast furnace interior, and a pair of the tops of the blast furnace. A visible light illumination device that is disposed at a position away from the imaging device and irradiates the blast furnace interior, and a control device that performs a 3D image measurement process on an image captured by the pair of the imaging devices; An apparatus for measuring a profile of an interior of a blast furnace is provided.

  In the profile measuring device, it is preferable that the visual field direction of the imaging device and the irradiation direction of the visible light illumination device are substantially perpendicular. Moreover, it is preferable that the said imaging device is arrange | positioned in the substantially symmetrical position with respect to the said visible light illuminating device.

  The imaging device may be a super-sensitive camera having a night vision correction function. The imaging device may be a pinhole type camera, and the visible light illumination device may be a pinhole type illumination.

  It is preferable that both the imaging device and the visible light illumination device are arranged at an intermediate position between the uptakes of the blast furnace in a plan view.

  According to the present invention, it is small and inexpensive, and can accurately measure the 3D profile of the blast furnace interior.

It is a front view which shows the example of the blast furnace top part provided with the profile measuring apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which looked at the furnace top part of the blast furnace of FIG. 2 from the top. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the pressure-resistant container which accommodates a visible light illuminating device and an imaging device.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same functional configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  In FIG. 1, the example of the blast furnace 2 which attached the profile measuring apparatus 1 of this invention is shown. A bell-less charging device 3 is provided at the furnace port of the blast furnace 2, and iron ore and coke are charged into the furnace through the distribution chute 4 and accumulated as a blast furnace interior charge 5. The visible light illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 constituting the profile measuring device 1 according to the present embodiment are installed outside the furnace body at the top of the blast furnace 2.

  The visible light illuminating device 11 uses LED illumination that irradiates visible light, for example, white light having a wavelength of about 300 to 800 nm, and is installed in a direction capable of irradiating visible light toward the blast furnace interior 5. What is necessary is just to select the intensity | strength of the visible light irradiated from the visible light illuminating device 11 according to the performance of the imaging device 12. Further, in consideration of clogging or dirt caused by dust in the opening for irradiating the inside of the furnace, pinhole type illumination that can make the opening small is preferable.

  The imaging device 12 is installed at a position where the entire surface of the blast furnace interior entrance 5 can be photographed, and a camera capable of color imaging of visible light is used. The imaging apparatus used in the present invention is preferably an ultra-high sensitivity color night vision camera that has a night vision correction function and can perform color photography with a small amount of light. The camera sensitivity is equivalent to, for example, 4 million in terms of ISO sensitivity. Is used. However, the camera sensitivity has a correlation with the illumination illuminance, and if the illumination illuminance can be increased, the performance of the ultra-sensitive camera is not necessary. However, the higher the sensitivity of the camera, the faster the shutter speed. Therefore, it is considered that the ultra-high sensitivity camera works favorably when the influence of rising dust is removed by signal processing. In consideration of clogging or dirt caused by dust in the opening for imaging the inside of the furnace, a pinhole type camera capable of reducing the opening is preferable. Furthermore, since the infrared rays generated from the high temperature part in the blast furnace 2 enter the imaging device 12 and cause disturbance, it is preferable to provide the imaging device 12 with an infrared cut filter.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the visible light illumination device 11 is disposed in a direction perpendicular to each other when viewed from the center of the blast furnace 2 in a plan view with respect to the pair of imaging devices 12 and 12. In other words, the pair of imaging devices 12 and 12 are provided to face each other in the radial direction of the blast furnace 2, the visible light illumination device 11 is located away from any of the imaging devices 12 and 12, and the imaging devices 12 and 12 are It arrange | positions in the symmetrical position with respect to the visible light illuminating device 11. FIG. The pair of imaging devices 12 and 12 are preferably installed so as to face each other as shown in FIG. 2 because a more accurate analysis result is obtained as the distance increases. The reason why the visible light illumination device 11 is separated from the imaging devices 12 and 12 is to prevent disturbance due to reflected light from dust in the immediate vicinity of the imaging device 12, and the imaging devices 12 and 12 are separated from the visible light illumination device 11. The reason why the shadow shape is seen is the same in the two imaging devices 12 and 12, and the matching accuracy of the two images is improved. Moreover, by making the visual field direction of the imaging devices 12 and 12 and the irradiation direction of the visible light illumination device 11 perpendicular to each other, the shadow is enhanced by the shadow of the illumination, which is advantageous in matching at the time of image analysis. On the other hand, when the visible light illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 are set in the same direction or in the opposite direction, an image with a small contrast is obtained, and matching becomes difficult. Furthermore, in the case of the same direction, the reflected light of the dust is directly incident on the imaging device 12 and becomes a disturbance. Therefore, it is preferable that the visual field direction of the imaging device 12 and the irradiation direction of the visible light illumination device 11 are substantially perpendicular to each other, and the pair of imaging devices 12 and 12 are at positions substantially symmetrical with respect to the visible light illumination device 11. It is preferable that they are arranged.

  The ideal arrangement positions of the visible light illumination device 11 and the imaging devices 12 and 12 are as described above, but in reality, sensors such as the uptake 6 and the cantilevered sonde and other operation devices interfere with each other. It is extremely difficult to arrange the profile measuring device 1 at the ideal position. Therefore, it is desirable that the viewing direction of the imaging device 12 and the irradiation direction of the visible light illumination device 11 be within a range of a right angle of ± 30 °. Similarly, it is desirable that the pair of imaging devices 12, 12 be within a range of ± 30 ° symmetrical to the visible light illumination device 11.

  Further, the visible light illuminating device 11 and the imaging devices 12 and 12 are arranged between the uptakes 6 that are exhaust gas flow paths of the blast furnace 2 as shown in FIG. It is arranged to be in the middle position. This is because the closer to the uptake 6, the more dust is scattered, and it does not have to be strictly an intermediate point, but it is preferable to dispose it as far as possible from the uptake 6. Furthermore, in the blast furnace 2, since a lot of dust is likely to rise above the entrance of the uptake 6, the visible light illumination device 11 and the imaging devices 12 and 12 are equivalent to the height direction position of the uptake 6 entrance. It is preferable to arrange at a position lower than that. In this way, by installing the visible light illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 while avoiding the position where the dust soars a lot, the influence of the dust can be further reduced and the profile can be measured.

  The visible light illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 are preferably housed in a pressure resistant vessel in preparation for heat and pressure from the blast furnace 2. FIG. 3 shows an example of the pressure vessel 20. The pressure vessel 20 has, on the bottom surface, an opening 21 directed into the furnace of the blast furnace 2, a transparent heat-resistant glass 22 is attached to the outside of the opening 21, and a gate valve 23 is provided inside the furnace. It is attached. The gate valve 23 is opened and closed by a gate valve driving unit (not shown), and is opened when measuring the profile and closed when not measuring. At the time of measuring the profile, it is preferable to purge with nitrogen gas for the purpose of preventing the gas inside the blast furnace 2 from leaking to the outside and preventing the heat-resistant glass 22 from being stained or clogged with dust.

  The imaging devices 12 and 12 are connected to the control device 13. The control device 13 takes in two pieces of image data taken simultaneously by the pair of imaging devices 12, 12, analyzes the three-dimensional position coordinates of the blast furnace interior entrance 5, which is the subject, and converts it into three-dimensional data To do. This analysis is performed by commercially available software for 3D photo measurement systems. As the reference point and the reference length, a known position and a known length of sensors such as a furnace structure and a cantilevered sonde, which are photographed by the imaging devices 12 and 12, may be used.

  As described above, the profile measuring device of the present invention is configured by the ultra-sensitive color imaging device, the visible light illumination, and the 3D image measurement system. By photographing using visible light illumination, photographing can be performed regardless of temperature, so that only the central high-temperature portion does not cause halation, and even a portion having no temperature difference can be photographed. Further, since a color photographed image has a large amount of information such as hue, saturation, and brightness, it is easier to analyze an image compared to pattern matching using only infrared light and darkness, and an accurate 3D profile is required. Furthermore, the number of pixels can be increased, and the accuracy is improved.

  In addition, it does not take time to transmit and receive like the measurement by microwave, and the profile measurement of the entire surface of the blast furnace interior can be performed in a very short time, so measurement is not affected by the descending speed of the interior of the furnace interior. It becomes possible. For example, if the measurement is performed twice at an interval of about 30 seconds to 1 minute while waiting for the raw material to be charged, the rate of descending of the charge on the entire surface of the furnace can be accurately measured, which is useful for operational management. Can do.

  In addition, since all of the devices constituting the present invention are general-purpose products and are neither small nor movable, the pressure vessel for storing the device, the structure for shutting off the inside of the furnace, and the like are reduced in size and simplified. be able to. Therefore, it can be realized at low cost including installation work.

  In addition, when moving image shooting is performed with the imaging device 12, it is possible to obtain an image from which dust is removed by performing noise canceling, and obtain a profile with higher accuracy.

  In the case of a large blast furnace, or when the visible light illuminating device 11 and the imaging device 12 have a performance relationship, if the visible light illuminating device 11 alone does not provide a sufficient amount of light for imaging, the visible light illuminating device 11 May be installed at two positions symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the blast furnace 2.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to.

  The present invention can be applied to a method for measuring a profile of a charge in a dark place where the accumulation state of the charge changes every moment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Profile measuring device 2 Blast furnace 3 Bellless type charging device 4 Distribution chute 5 Blast furnace interior entrance 6 Uptake 11 Visible light illumination device 12 Imaging device 13 Control device 20 Pressure-resistant container 21 Opening part 22 Heat-resistant glass 23 Gate valve

Claims (6)

A pair of imaging devices that are arranged at positions away from each other at the top of the blast furnace and that can color-shoot the surface of the blast furnace interior,
At the top of the blast furnace, a visible light illumination device that is disposed at a position away from the pair of the imaging devices and irradiates the blast furnace interior entry,
A control device that performs 3D image measurement processing on an image captured by the pair of imaging devices;
An apparatus for measuring a profile of an interior of a blast furnace, characterized by comprising:   The apparatus for measuring a profile of a blast furnace interior according to claim 1, wherein the visual field direction of the imaging device and the irradiation direction of the visible light illumination device are substantially perpendicular to each other.   The blast furnace interior entry profile measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the imaging device is disposed at a position substantially symmetrical with respect to the visible light illumination device.   The apparatus for measuring a profile of a blast furnace interior according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the imaging device is an ultra-sensitive camera having a night vision correction function.   The blast furnace interior entrance profile according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the imaging device is a pinhole type camera, and the visible light illumination device is a pinhole type illumination. measuring device.   The imaging device and the visible light illumination device are both arranged at an intermediate position between the uptakes of the blast furnace in a plan view, according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The blast furnace interior entrance profile measurement device described.

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