JP2017190318A - 害虫防除剤及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
害虫防除剤及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017190318A JP2017190318A JP2016082539A JP2016082539A JP2017190318A JP 2017190318 A JP2017190318 A JP 2017190318A JP 2016082539 A JP2016082539 A JP 2016082539A JP 2016082539 A JP2016082539 A JP 2016082539A JP 2017190318 A JP2017190318 A JP 2017190318A
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
なお、本実施の形態で説明する害虫防除剤は、本発明の趣旨を説明する一例であり、本発明はその趣旨を逸脱しない範囲での変形や改造を含むことはいうまでもない。
すなわち、海苔原料としては、水分含有量が1〜10質量%程度になるように調製した海苔を用いる。ここで、板海苔というように既に乾燥された海苔にあっては水分含有量が1〜10質量%程度であるので、原料に乾燥海苔を用いると水分含量の調整作業が不要となるため好適である。なお、食品用として流通させることができない、所謂屑海苔を用いると原料費が廉価であるため好適である。
海苔原料から前述した如く高分子ポルフィランを調製しておく(ステップS1)。精製水といった水を適量取って所要の容器内へ投入し、また、前述した含有量になるように有機酸を容器内へ投入して混合する(ステップS2,S3)。これによって、害虫防除剤のpHを4〜6に調整することもできる。次に、前述した如く調製した高分子ポルフィランを前述した含有量になるように容器内の水溶液へ投入する(ステップS4)。このとき、粉末状の高分子ポルフィランを用いた場合は、よく撹拌して混合して当該ポルフィランを十分に溶解させる。
次に、比較試験を行った結果について説明する。
すなわち、廃棄対象の乾燥海苔5kgと井水5kgとを容器に投入し、98℃で3時間加熱処理してポルフィランを抽出した。得られた抽出液を濾過によって固液分離して粗ポルフィラン液を得、得られた粗ポルフィラン液を、孔経が50nmのセラミックスフィルター(MEMBRALOX、株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド製)が装填してある限外濾過機に供給し、分子量が3万Da未満の低分子物質を限外濾過して高分子ポルフィラン液を得た。そして、この高分子ポルフィラン液をドラムドライヤー(日本乾燥機株式会社製)に供給して乾燥し、粉末化して高分子ポルフィランを得、本発明例とした。
すなわち、予め定めた採卵鶏農場からワクモを採取し、幼雛を入れたマウス用飼育容器内に採取したワクモを放虫して、1〜数回吸血させた。11cm×11cmのベニヤ板をそれぞれ配置し、各ベニヤ板に前記各検液を各別に6mlずつ噴霧した後、前記ワクモを略300頭〜800頭ずつとなるように各別に放虫し、直ちにそれらをシャーレで覆い、28℃の温度、70〜80%RHの湿度の環境下で24時間放置した。その後、各ベニヤ板上における致死虫数を計数した。そして、平均殺虫率D及び変動係数RSDを次の(1)式及び(2)式によって求めた。なお、かかる試験はいずれの検液についても複数回実施した。また、検液として蒸留水を用いた場合を対照例とした。
次に、高分子ポルフィランの有無と殺虫効果との関係について検討した結果について説明する。
次に、本発明に係る害虫防除剤の作用機序について検討した結果について説明する。
実施例1で示した高分子ポルフィランを10倍希釈し、これをビバスピン6(分画分子量:1,000,000Da、ザルトリウス社製)の濃縮槽に注入した。このビバスピン6をローター(TA−S14)に取り付け、遠心機(TOMY−RX−200)にて5,700rpmで90分の遠心分離を行った。そして、ビバスピン6の濃縮槽から超高分子ポルフィランを回収した。
(実施例5)
実施例1で示した高分子ポルフィランが0.05質量部、レシチン((株)Jオイルミルズ製)が5質量部、穀物酢((株)Mizkan製)が3.5質量部、及び綿実油((株)日清オイリオ製)が70質量部に精製水を加えて100質量部し、得られた溶液を耐圧容器に注入した。次いで、この耐圧容器に噴射剤としてジメチルエーテル(小池化学(株)製)を78.55質量部となるように冷却または圧力充填してエアゾール剤を得た。得られたエアゾール剤をワクモに噴霧したところ、好適な平均殺虫率を得た。
実施例1で示した高分子ポルフィランが0.05質量部、レシチン(昭和産業(株)製)が5質量部、穀物酢((株)Mizkan製)3.5質量部、及びナタネ油(理研農産化工(株)製)80質量部、シトロネラ油0.05質量部、ソルビタントリオレエート1.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサン0.1質量部に精製水を加えて100質量部として乳剤を得た。得られた乳化剤をワクモに噴霧したところ、好適な平均殺虫率を得た。
実施例1で示した高分子ポルフィラン0.5質量部、レシチン(辻製油(株)製)5.0質量部、米酢(タマノイ酢(株)製)3.5質量部、及びナタネ油(理研農産化工(株)製)75質量部に精製水を加えて100質量部とし、これを適量のアルコールで希釈し、シリカ粉末1000質量部にて倍散して粉剤を得た。得られた粉剤をワクモに散布したところ、好適な平均殺虫率を得た。
高分子ポルフィラン0.5質量部、レシチン(キューピー(株)製)5.0質量部、穀物酢((株)Mizkan製)3.5質量部、及びひまわり油((株)日清オイリオ製)80質量部に精製水を加えて100質量部とし、これを適量のアルコールで希釈し、タルクビーズ1000質量部にて倍散して粒剤を得た。得られた粒剤をワクモに施用したところ、好適な平均殺虫率を得た。
実施例1で示した高分子ポルフィラン0.05質量部、レシチン(昭和産業(株)製)5.0質量部、米酢(タマノイ酢(株)製)3.5質量部、及びナタネ油(理研農産化工(株)製)70質量部、フタル酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシル5質量部、酢酸ビニル系樹脂15質量部、及び精製水1.45質量部を混合して塗料を得た。得られた塗料を塗布した容器内にワクモを放虫したところ、好適な平均殺虫率を得た。
実施例1で示した高分子ポルフィラン0.05質量部、レシチン(辻製油(株)製)5.0質量部、穀物酢((株)Mizkan製)3.5質量部、及びべにばな油((株)日清オイリオ製)80質量部、水溶性セルロースエーテル(信越化学工業(株)製)5質量部及び精製水6.45質量部を混合してゲルを得た。得られたゲルを投入した容器内にワクモを放虫したところ、好適な平均殺虫率を得た。
S2 ステップS2
S3 ステップS3
S5 ステップS5
K ワクモの気門を含む領域
Claims (9)
- 海苔抽出物を主成分として含有し、害虫を防除する害虫防除剤において、
分子量が略3万Da以上のポルフィランを主成分として含有することを特徴とする害虫防除剤。 - 更に、分子量が略100万Da以下のポルフィランを主成分として含有する請求項1記載の害虫防除剤。
- 構成成分として前記ポルフィラン以外に、有機酸、油及び乳化剤を含有し、これらの含有比は前記ポルフィラン:有機酸溶液:油:乳化剤が0.5〜5.0:15〜200:700〜900:1〜100(但し、前記有機酸溶液は穀物酢であり、他の有機酸溶液の含有比は、前記含有比における穀物酢の酸度に相当する酸度になるように換算する。)である請求項1又は2記載の害虫防除剤。
- 前記ポルフィランの含有量は0.05質量部以上0.5質量部以下である請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の害虫防除剤。
- 前記害虫の気門を閉塞することによって殺虫する請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の害虫防除剤。
- 海苔原料を加熱処理した後に水を添加し、又は海苔原料に水を添加した後にそれらを加熱処理して粗ポルフィランを抽出し、得られた粗ポルフィランの抽出液から分子量が略3万Da未満の低分子物質を除去して分子量が略3万Da以上のポルフィランを得、このポルフィランを主成分とした害虫防除剤を調製することを特徴とする害虫防除剤の製造方法。
- 更に、分子量が略100万Daを超えるポルフィランを除去して分子量が略3万Da以上略100万Da未満のポルフィランを得、得られたポルフィランを主成分とした害虫防除剤を調製する請求項6記載の害虫防除剤の製造方法。
- 構成成分として前記ポルフィラン以外に、有機酸、油及び乳化剤を含有し、これらの含有比が、前記ポルフィラン:有機酸溶液:油:乳化剤が0.5〜5.0:15〜200:700〜900:1〜100(但し、前記有機酸溶液は穀物酢であり、他の有機酸溶液の含有比は、前記含有比における穀物酢の酸度に相当する酸度になるように換算する。)になるように調製する請求項6又は7記載の害虫防除剤の製造方法。
- 前記ポルフィランの含有量を0.05質量部以上0.5質量部以下にする請求項6から8のいずれかに記載の害虫防除剤の製造方法。
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