JP2017187034A - Exhaust gas post-treatment system and internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a novel-type exhaust gas post-treatment system of an internal combustion engine, and an internal combustion engine having the exhaust gas post-treatment system.SOLUTION: An exhaust gas post-treatment system of an internal combustion engine includes an SCR catalyst converter (9) received in a reactor chamber (10), an exhaust gas supply line (8) for guiding to the SCR catalyst converter, an exhaust gas discharge line (11) for guiding to be separated from the SCR catalyst converter, an introduction device (16) disposed in the exhaust gas supply line to introduce a reducer into exhaust gas, and a mixing section (18) provided with the exhaust gas supply line at a downstream side of the introduction device (16) to mix the exhaust gas with the reducer at an upstream side of the reactor chamber or the SCR catalyst converter. At least one blow device (24) is disposed in the reactor chamber, and the blow device is functioned to purge the SCR catalyst converter.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

  For example, in the combustion process in a fixed internal combustion engine employed in a power plant and in the combustion process in a non-fixed internal combustion engine employed in a ship, for example, nitric oxide is formed. Formed during combustion of sulfur-containing fossil fuels such as charcoal, crude oil, heavy oil or diesel fuel. For this purpose, such an internal combustion engine is arranged in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, which functions to clean, in particular to denitrify, the exhaust gas emitted from the internal combustion engine. .

In order to reduce the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, so-called SCR catalytic converters are mainly employed in exhaust gas aftertreatment systems known from previous examples. In the SCR catalytic converter, selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide is performed, and ammonia (NH ₃ ) is required as a reducing agent in order to reduce nitric oxide. For this purpose, ammonia or an ammonia precursor such as urea is introduced into the exhaust gas in liquid form upstream from the SCR catalytic converter, and the ammonia or ammonia precursor is mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalytic converter. Is done. To that end, a mixing section between the introduction of ammonia or ammonia precursor and the SCR catalytic converter is provided according to the previous example.

  To further improve the exhaust gas aftertreatment system using exhaust gas aftertreatment systems with SCR catalytic converters known from previous examples, especially in exhaust gas aftertreatment, especially in the reduction of nitric oxide. There is a need for. In particular, there is a need for enabling effective exhaust gas aftertreatment with a compact design of such an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

  Beginning here, the object of the invention is based on developing a new type of exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine comprising such an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

  This object is solved via an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1. According to the present invention, at least one spraying device is located in the reactor chamber and functions to purge the SCR catalytic converter. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the SCR catalytic converter from being clogged as a result of accumulation of soot particles on the SCR catalytic converter. A particularly effective exhaust gas aftertreatment system can be ensured using a small design exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

  According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the one or more spraying devices extend on the surface of the SCR catalytic converter extending laterally with respect to the flow direction, in particular in the lateral direction of the SCR catalytic converter. It is oriented in such a way as to cause a vortex or swirl on the existing surface, preferably on the upstream side of the honeycomb body of the SCR catalytic converter that extends perpendicular to the flow direction. For this reason, clogging of the SCR catalytic converter as a result of accumulation of soot particles on the SCR catalytic converter can be particularly effectively prevented. Effective exhaust gas cleaning using a small design exhaust aftertreatment system may be ensured.

  According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the reactor chamber has round walls, in particular circular walls, in cross section. This is preferred for forming a vortex or swirl. This enables a particularly effective exhaust gas aftertreatment with a small design.

  According to a further advantageous development of the invention, each of the blowing devices is located adjacent to the round wall in the cross section of the reactor chamber and blows air coming out of the wall into the reactor chamber, i.e. a blowing cone, This blowing cone intersects with the blowing cone of at least one other spraying device. This is preferred with respect to forming a vortex or swirl and with respect to a full area purge of soot particles. This enables a particularly effective exhaust aftertreatment with a compact design.

  According to a further advantageous further development, the exhaust gas supply line opens into the reactor chamber which receives the SCR catalytic converter using the downstream end, and the downstream end of the exhaust gas supply line and the SCR catalytic converter In between the reactor chambers, a device for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure is located upstream of the SCR catalytic converter. Using an apparatus for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure upstream of the SCR catalytic converter, the exhaust gas flow upstream of the SCR catalytic converter is suppressed, and as a result, the exhaust gas flow is evenly distributed to the SCR catalytic converter. I.e. feeding in the circumferential direction and likewise in the radial direction. For this reason, the exhaust gas aftertreatment system having a small design can be used to ensure effective exhaust gas normalization. Furthermore, soot particles can be deposited on the apparatus for increasing exhaust gas back pressure, and these soot particles no longer enter the area of the SCR catalytic converter and clog the SCR catalytic converter. This also serves to ensure that the exhaust gas is effectively cleaned using a small design exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

  Preferably, each of the one or more spray devices is located in the reactor chamber between the device for increasing exhaust gas back pressure and the SCR catalytic converter. Each of the one or more spray devices then functions to purge at least the SCR catalytic converter, and preferably additionally to purge the device for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure. This further development enables a particularly effective exhaust gas aftertreatment with a compact design.

  An internal combustion engine according to the present invention is defined in claim 11.

  Preferred further developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail using the following drawings without being limited to the drawings.

1 is a schematic perspective view showing an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed view showing the exhaust gas aftertreatment system of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a detailed cross-sectional view of FIG. 3.

  The present invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a fixed internal combustion engine in a power plant or a non-fixed internal combustion engine employed in a ship, for example. In particular, exhaust gas aftertreatment systems are employed in marine diesel engines that operate on heavy oil.

Figure 1 shows the arrangement of the inner combustion engine 1, the internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas turbocharger system 2, an exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3, a. The internal combustion engine 1 may be a non-fixed type or a fixed type internal combustion engine, particularly an internal combustion engine operated in a non-fixed type in a ship. The exhaust gas leaves the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1 and is used in the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 to extract mechanical energy from the thermal energy of the exhaust gas in order to compress the supply air supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 Is done. Accordingly, FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 having an exhaust gas turbocharger system 2, which comprises a plurality of exhaust gas turbochargers, ie a first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 on the high pressure side, A second exhaust gas turbocharger 5 on the low pressure side. The exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the high pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 and is expanded in the high pressure turbine. The energy extracted in this process In order to compress, it is used in the high pressure compressor of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4. Looking at the flow direction of the exhaust gas on the downstream side of the first turbocharger 4, the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5 is provided, and the exhaust gas that has already circulated through the high-pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 is , Through this second exhaust gas turbocharger, ie through the low pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger. In the low-pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5, the exhaust gas is further expanded, and the energy extracted in this process is compressed in the same way to compress the supply air supplied to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1. Used in low pressure compressors of two exhaust gas turbochargers.

  In addition to the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 comprising the exhaust gas turbochargers 4 and 5, the internal combustion engine 1 comprises an exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3, which is an SCR exhaust gas aftertreatment system. . The SCR exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 connects between the high pressure turbine 6 and the low pressure turbine 7 of the first compressor 4, whereby the exhaust gas emitted from the high pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4. May pass through the interior via the SCR exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 before this exhaust gas reaches the low pressure turbine 7 region of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5.

  FIG. 1 shows an exhaust gas supply line 8 via which the exhaust gas exiting from the high pressure turbine 6 of the first exhaust gas turbocharger 4 can pass in the direction of the SCR catalytic converter 9, This converter is disposed in the reactor chamber 10. Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows an exhaust gas discharge line 11, which functions to discharge exhaust gas from the SCR catalytic converter 9 in the direction of the low pressure turbine 7 of the second exhaust gas turbocharger 5. To do. The exhaust gas leaves the low-pressure turbine 7 and flows through the line 21 and in particular into the opening. The exhaust gas supply line 8 leads to the reactor chamber 10 and thus to the SCR catalytic converter 9 located in the reactor chamber 10, and the exhaust gas exhaust line 11 leaves the reactor chamber 10 and thus away from the SCR catalytic converter 9. The exhaust gas supply line and the exhaust gas discharge line are connected via a bypass 12, and a blocking element 13 is integrated in the bypass. When the blocking element 13 is closed, the bypass 12 is closed so that no exhaust gas can flow through the bypass. Conversely, especially when the shut-off element 13 is opened, the exhaust gas can flow through the bypass 12, i.e. pass through the reactor chamber 10 and thus through the SCR catalytic converter 9 located in the reactor chamber 10. obtain. FIG. 2 shows the flow of the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 with the bypass 12 closed via the blocking element 13 using the arrow 14, and what is clear from FIG. Line 8 opens into reactor chamber 10 using downstream end 15 and the exhaust gas in the region of this end 15 of exhaust gas supply line 8 is deflected by 180 ° and flows The exhaust gas after being warped is passed through the SCR catalytic converter 9.

  An introduction device 16 is arranged in the exhaust gas supply line 8 of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3, and a reducing agent, in particular ammonia or an ammonia precursor, is introduced into the exhaust gas stream through this introduction device, and this reducing agent. Is required to convert the exhaust nitrogen oxide in the region of the SCR catalytic converter 9 in a defined manner. The introduction device 16 of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is preferably an injection nozzle, and ammonia or ammonia precursor is injected into the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas supply line 8 through this injection nozzle. FIG. 2 shows using the cone 17 to inject the reducing agent into the exhaust gas in the region of the exhaust gas supply line 8.

  This section of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is located downstream of the introduction device 16 and upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and is described as a mixing section. In particular, the exhaust gas supply line 8 is provided with a mixing section 18 downstream of the introduction device 16, in which the exhaust gas can be mixed with a reducing agent upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9.

  The exhaust gas supply line 8 opens into the reactor chamber 10 using the downstream end 15. A baffle plate element 20 is disposed at the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, and the baffle plate element can be displaced with respect to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the baffle element 20 can be displaced linearly with respect to the end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, which end opens into the reactor chamber 10. The baffle plate element 20 has a downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 to block the exhaust gas supply line 8 at the downstream end 15 or to open the exhaust gas supply line at the downstream end 15. Can be displaced. In particular, when the baffle plate element 20 shuts off the exhaust gas supply line 8 at the downstream end 15, the shut-off element 13 of the bypass 12 then passes the SCR catalytic converter 9, that is, the reactor chamber 10 that receives the SCR catalytic converter 9, It is preferably open for complete passage. Particularly when the baffle element 20 opens the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, the blocking element 13 of the bypass 12 can be completely closed or at least partially open.

  In particular, when the baffle plate element 20 opens the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, the relative position of the baffle plate element 20 with respect to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 is particularly limited to the exhaust gas supply line 8. To the exhaust gas mass flow through and / or to the exhaust gas temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas supply line 8 and / or to the amount of reducing agent introduced into the exhaust gas flow via the introduction device 16. ,Dependent.

  A further function of the baffle plate element 20 with the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 open is that the liquid reducing agent droplets in the exhaust gas flow reach the baffle plate element and perform such liquid reduction. In order to prevent the droplet of the agent from reaching the region of the SCR catalytic converter 9, it is captured and sprayed on the way. The downstream end 15 is opened by the relative position of the baffle plate element 20 with respect to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, so that it is warped in the region of the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8. It can be determined whether the exhaust gas is passed or guided in the direction of the section located radially inward or in the direction of the section of the SCR catalytic converter 9 located radially outward.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the exhaust gas supply line 8 expands in a funnel shape in the region of the downstream end 15 and forms a diffuser. For this reason, the flow cross section of the exhaust gas supply line 8 increases in the region of the downstream end 15, particularly as apparent in FIG. 2 at the upstream side of the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8. When viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, the flow cross section of the exhaust gas supply line is reduced. Therefore, FIG. 2 shows that the flow cross section of the exhaust gas supply line 8 is initially substantially constant when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas downstream of the introduction device 16 for reducing agent. It shows gradually decreasing and finally expanding in the region of the downstream end 15.

  In this case, the increase in the flow cross section at the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 means that the exhaust gas is shorter than the section where the exhaust gas supply line 8 gradually decreases in front of the downstream end 15. This is achieved via a section of the supply line 8.

Preferably, the baffle element 20 is bent and preferably curved in a bell shape on the side 22 facing the exhaust gas supply line 8, this side forming a flow guide for the exhaust gas. Therefore, the side surface of the baffle plate element 20 that faces the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 has a greater distance from the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 than the radially outer section of the baffle plate element. The radially inner section of the plate element 20 is smaller. Therefore, the baffle plate element 20 is drawn or curved toward the center in the direction of the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

  As already explained, the exhaust gas supply line 8 opens into the reactor chamber 10 with its downstream end 15, which receives the SCR catalytic converter 9. Here, according to FIG. 2, the exhaust gas supply line 8 penetrates the lower side of the reactor chamber 10 and terminates adjacent to the upper side 23 of the reactor chamber 10 by its downstream end 15. As described above, the exhaust gas exiting from the exhaust gas supply line at the downstream end 15 is warped by 180 ° before the exhaust gas flows through the SCR catalytic converter 9.

  As is apparent from FIG. 3 in particular, the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure is located between the exhaust gas supply line 8 and the SCR catalytic converter 9 on the upstream side of the SCR catalytic converter 9. This device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure can be, for example, a grid, preferably a plate.

  The apparatus 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9 is used to suppress the exhaust gas flow of the SCR catalytic converter 9, and as a result, the exhaust gas flow is evenly distributed to the SCR catalytic converter 9. That is to say, feeding in the circumferential direction and likewise in the radial direction can be achieved.

  The device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure further has the advantage that soot particles contained in the exhaust gas can be deposited on the device. These soot particles that accumulate in the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure no longer reach the area of the SCR catalytic converter 9 and clog the SCR catalytic converter, ie the honeycomb body 27 of the SCR catalytic converter. 3 and 4 show a plurality of honeycomb bodies 27 of the SCR catalytic converter 9 having a round cross section.

  The device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure further has a free flow cross section, which is at most twice the free flow cross section of the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the honeycomb body 27 of the SCR catalytic converter. , Preferably up to 1 time, particularly preferably up to 0.5 times. In this way, on the one hand, it is ensured that the exhaust gas flowing through the SCR catalytic converter 9 comes out uniformly, and on the other hand, soot particles are already deposited in the region of the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure. To ensure that the region of the SCR catalytic converter 9 is no longer reached.

  Preferably, the thickness or length of the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure as viewed in the flow direction or the exhaust gas flow direction and the SCR catalytic converter or as viewed in the flow direction or the exhaust gas flow direction The ratio of the thickness or length of the honeycomb body of the catalytic converter 9 is at least 1:50, preferably at least 1: 100, particularly preferably at least 1: 200.

  Preferably, a distance corresponding to the distance between the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure when viewed in the flow direction or in the exhaust gas flow direction and the SCR catalytic converter 9, and when viewed in the flow direction. The ratio of the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the thickness or length of the honeycomb body 27 of the SCR catalytic converter 9 is at most 2: 1, preferably at most 1: 1, particularly preferably at most 1: 2.

  A device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure located in the reactor chamber 10 may ensure that the exhaust gas is evenly supplied to the SCR catalytic converter 9. By increasing the exhaust gas back pressure, the exhaust gas flow is suppressed, thus ensuring a uniform distribution of the exhaust gas across the SCR catalytic converter 9. A further advantage of the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure is that this device likewise assumes the function of a pre-separator, in which soot particles contained in the exhaust gas can be deposited. . For this reason, it is possible to prevent the soot particles from reaching the SCR catalytic converter 9 without clogging and clogging the SCR catalytic converter.

  Located in the reactor chamber 10 is at least one spraying device 24 that functions to purge the SCR catalytic converter 9. In the preferred exemplary embodiment shown, one or more spray devices 24 are located in the reactor chamber 10 to increase the SCR catalytic converter 9 and additional exhaust gas back pressure in the reactor chamber. The one or more spraying devices 24 are disposed between the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure and the SCR catalytic converter 9 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Yes. The one or more spraying devices 25 are preferably air nozzles. In order to prevent the SCR catalytic converter 9 and preferably the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure from becoming clogged, the one or more spraying devices 25 are capable of producing SCR with respect to soot particles deposited on the SCR catalytic converter. It functions at least to purge the catalytic converter 9 and preferably to purge the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure. The one or more spraying devices 24 are preferably provided on the surface of the SCR catalytic converter 9 that extends in a direction transverse to the flow direction, that is, in the honeycomb body 27 of the SCR catalytic converter 9 that extends perpendicular to the flow direction. Is directed in such a manner that the spraying device causes a vortex or swirl.

  Here, FIG. 4 shows a preferred orientation of one or more spray devices 24, which preferably causes a vortex or swirl flow to flow into the reactor chamber 10, ie out of the SCR catalytic converter 9. On the upstream side extending perpendicular to the direction or to the exhaust gas flow direction, preferably similarly to the apparatus 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure, extending perpendicular to the flow direction or the exhaust gas flow direction Are oriented in such a way as to occur on the downstream side, with the surface in each case facing one or more spraying devices 24. It is particularly effective to purge soot particles from the SCR catalytic converter 9, i.e. the honeycomb body 27 of the SCR catalytic converter, preferably also from the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure, using swirl or swirl. Can be done.

  The reactor chamber 10 which receives the SCR catalytic converter 9 and preferably also the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure has a wall 19 which is preferably round in cross section and preferably circular. , Extending between the upper side 22 and the lower side 23 of the reactor chamber 10. At least the wall 19 is round or circular in cross section inside and defines at least the interior space of the reactor chamber 10 that receives the catalytic converter 9. By combining such a wall 19 with the orientation of one or more spray devices 24, vortices or swirling flows in the reactor chamber 10 will cause the SCR catalytic converter 9 to be purged, and preferably as well, exhaust gas. It functions to purge the device 25 for increasing the back pressure and can be designed particularly advantageously with respect to the soot particles deposited on them.

  Preferably, a plurality of spray devices 24, preferably at least three, particularly preferably at least four spray devices 24, are located in the reactor chamber 10.

  Here, the blowing device 24 is located adjacent to the reactor chamber 10 which blows air or compressed air round in cross section, and the air or compressed air exiting from this wall 19, ie the blowing cone 26, is placed in the reactor chamber 10. This blowing cone intersects with the blowing cone 26 of at least one other blowing device 24 and thus partially overlaps this blowing cone. To this end, it is possible to achieve or ensure that the SCR catalytic converter 9 and the device 25 for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure in the above-mentioned surface are fully purged.

  In the case of the internal combustion engine of FIG. 1, the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is positioned vertically on the upstream side of the exhaust gas supercharging system 2. Access to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1 is free, but the accessibility of the turbochargers 4 and 5 is limited. However, the reactor chamber 10 can simply be disassembled if maintenance operations are required for the exhaust gas turbochargers 4, 6.

  The present invention enables effective exhaust gas aftertreatment with a compact design.

  In contrast to the vertical arrangement of the exhaust gas aftertreatment 3 shown in FIG. 1 upstream of the exhaust gas supercharging system 2, the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is placed next to the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 by 90 °. An inclined horizontal arrangement is possible as well, but in such a horizontal arrangement, the length of the arrangement becomes large. However, the internal combustion engine 1 and the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 can then be used for repair work without limitation and without having to disassemble the reactor chamber 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Exhaust gas supercharging system 3 Exhaust gas aftertreatment system 4 Exhaust gas turbocharger 5 Exhaust gas turbocharger 6 High pressure turbine 7 Low pressure turbine 8 Exhaust gas supply line 9 SCR catalytic converter 10 Reactor chamber 11 Exhaust gas discharge line 12 Bypass 13 Blocking element 14 Exhaust gas guide 15 End 16 Introduction device 17 Injection cone 18 Mixing section 19 Wall 20 Baffle plate element 21 Line 22 Side 23 Side 24 Spraying device 25 Device 26 Blowout cone 27 Honeycomb body

Claims (12)

An internal combustion engine exhaust gas aftertreatment system (3), that is, an internal combustion engine SCR exhaust gas aftertreatment system,
An SCR catalytic converter (9) received in the reactor chamber (10);
An exhaust gas supply line (8) leading to the reactor chamber (10) and thus to the SCR catalytic converter (9);
An exhaust gas discharge line (11) that guides away from the reactor chamber (10) and thus away from the SCR catalytic converter (9);
An introduction device (16) arranged in the exhaust gas supply line (8) for introducing a reducing agent, in particular ammonia or an ammonia precursor, into the exhaust gas;
In order to mix the exhaust gas with the reducing agent upstream of the reactor chamber (10) or the SCR catalytic converter (9), it is provided by the exhaust gas supply line (8) downstream of the introduction device (16). Mixed section (18),
With
In the reactor chamber (10), at least one spraying device (24) that functions to purge the SCR catalytic converter (9) is located.   Said spraying device (24) is oriented in such a way that said spraying device causes a vortex or swirl flow extending laterally of said SCR catalytic converter (9), in particular perpendicular to the flow direction. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 1, wherein   The spraying device (24) generates a vortex or swirl on the upstream side surface of the spraying device that extends laterally, in particular, perpendicular to the flow direction, in the honeycomb body (27) of the SCR catalytic converter (9). 3. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 2, wherein the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is oriented in such a manner as to cause.   4. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor chamber (10) has a wall (19) that is round in cross section, in particular a circular wall. 5. The spraying device (24) is located adjacent to the wall (19) round in cross section of the reactor chamber (10), from the wall (19) to the inside of the reactor chamber (10). Blowing air exiting into the air, ie the blowing cone (26),
The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that the blowing cone intersects the blowing cone (26) of at least one other spraying device (24). The exhaust gas supply line (8) opens into the reactor chamber (10) using a downstream end (15);
In the reactor chamber (10), between the downstream end (15) of the exhaust gas supply line (8) and the SCR catalytic converter (9), the upstream of the SCR catalytic converter (9). 6. An exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a device (25) for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure on the side is located.   The spray device (24) is located in the reactor chamber (10) between the device (25) for increasing exhaust gas back pressure and the SCR catalytic converter (9). The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 6.   The device (25) for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure corresponds to a free flow cross section of the SCR catalytic converter (9) of up to 2 times, preferably up to 1 time, particularly preferably 0.5 times. 8. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the exhaust gas aftertreatment system has a flow cross section.   The ratio of the thickness or length of the device (25) for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure when viewed in the flow direction to the thickness or length of the catalytic converter (9) when viewed in the flow direction is 9. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 6, wherein the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is at least 1:50, preferably at least 1: 100, particularly preferably at least 1: 200.   A distance corresponding to the distance between the device (25) for increasing the exhaust gas back pressure when viewed in the flow direction and the SCR catalytic converter (9), and the SCR catalyst when viewed in the flow direction The ratio of the thickness or the length of the converter (9) to a maximum of 2: 1, preferably a maximum of 1: 1, most preferably a maximum of 1: 2. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to item. An internal combustion engine (1), in particular an internal combustion engine operated with diesel fuel or with heavy oil,
11. An internal combustion engine comprising the exhaust gas aftertreatment system (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 10. A multi-stage exhaust gas supercharging system (2) having a first exhaust gas turbocharger (4) comprising a high pressure turbine (6) and a second exhaust gas turbocharger (5) comprising a low pressure turbine (7);
The internal combustion engine according to claim 11, characterized in that the exhaust gas aftertreatment system (3) is connected between the high pressure turbine (6) and the low pressure turbine (7).