KR20180010160A - A mixing device for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, exhaust gas aftertreatment system, and internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mixing device for an exhaust gas post-processing system of an internal combustion engine, in particular a selective catalyst reduction (SCR) exhaust gas post-processing system, comprising: a catalyst converter, in particular having an exhaust gas supply line (8) connected to an SCR catalyst converter (9), to mix a precursor material of a reducer, in particular an ammonia precursor material such as urea, with exhaust gas. According to the present invention, the exhaust gas supply line guides exhaust gas by an introduction device (12) connected to the exhaust gas supply line (8) to introduce the precursor material of the reducer into the exhaust gas and by a mixing and decomposition section (14) which is to mix the exhaust gas with the precursor material of the reducer upstream of the catalyst converter, is disposed downstream of each introduction device (12) to decompose the precursor material into the reducer, and is provided by the exhaust gas supply line (8). A silencer (21) is connected to the exhaust gas supply line (8) in an area of the mixing and decomposition section (14).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a mixing device for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, and an internal combustion engine for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system,

The present invention relates to a mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine, and an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

For example, in combustion processes in fixed internal combustion engines used in power plants and in combustion processes in non-fixed internal combustion engines used, for example, on ships, nitrogen oxides are generated, Nitrogen oxides typically arise from the combustion of sulfur-containing, fossil fuels such as coal, natural coal, lignite, mineral oil, heavy oil, diesel fuel. Thus, exhaust aftertreatment systems are assigned to such internal combustion engines, and such systems serve for the purification of exhaust gases leaving the internal combustion engine, in particular for denitrification.

The so-called SCR catalytic converters are mainly used for the reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas in exhaust gas after-treatment systems known in the art. In the SCR catalytic converter, selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides takes place, and ammonia (NH ₃ ) is required as a reducing agent for the reduction of nitrogen oxides. For this purpose, an ammonia precursor material, for example an element or a separate carbamide, is introduced into the exhaust gas in liquid form upstream of the SCR catalytic converter and the ammonia precursor material is introduced upstream of the SCR catalytic converter Mixed with the exhaust gas and transferred to the reducing agent. To this end, according to practice, a mixing and decomposition section is provided between the introduction device of the ammonia precursor material and the SCR catalytic converter.

Although exhaust gas after-treatment, especially nitrogen oxides reduction, has already been successfully achieved by exhaust-gas treatment systems known in the art, including SCR catalytic converters, there is a need to further improve the exhaust gas aftertreatment systems have. In particular, the need consists in enabling a low noise exhaust gas aftertreatment with a compact structural form.

Having thus been described, the present invention is directed to a novel mixing apparatus, an exhaust aftertreatment system and an exhaust aftertreatment system for an exhaust aftertreatment system which enables a low noise exhaust aftertreatment with a compact structural form Based on the problem of providing an internal combustion engine.

This problem is solved by the mixing apparatus according to claim 1. According to the invention, a muffler is associated with the exhaust gas feed line in the region of the mixing and decomposition section. In addition to the compact structural form, a low-noise exhaust gas after-treatment can be made possible.

Preferably, the portion of the exhaust gas supply line forming the mixing and decomposing section and the silencer, or separately the exhaust gas supply line and silencer, are combined to form a common assembly. Particularly in a compact structural form, a low noise exhaust gas post-treatment can be made possible.

According to another advantageous refinement, the silencer has several silencer chambers which are individually connected to the exhaust gas supply line through at least one opening. In addition to the compact structural form, a low-noise exhaust gas after-treatment can be made possible.

According to another advantageous further refinement, the first muffler chamber of the muffler is connected to the exhaust gas feed line through at least the first opening, and / or the second muffler chamber of the muffler is connected to the exhaust gas feed line through at least the second opening The distance of the or each opening arranged upstream of the introducing device is at most three times the diameter of the exhaust gas line in the region of the introducing device and the distance of the or each opening arranged downstream of the introducing device The distance is at most 1 or at least 2 times the diameter of the exhaust gas feed line in the region of the introducing device. In the region of the mixing and decomposition section, the distance from its introduction device corresponds to between the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line in the region of the introduction device and twice the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line in the region of the introduction device , No muffler chambers of the silencer are connected therethrough to the exhaust gas supply line, no openings are formed. In addition to the compact structural form, a low-noise exhaust gas after-treatment can be made possible. In particular, a liquid precursor material of a reducing agent, such as, for example, a reductant, reaches into the zone of openings connecting the silencer chambers to the exhaust gas supply line and blocks or otherwise blocks these openings.

Preferably, the third muffler chamber of the silencer is connected to the exhaust gas supply line, at least upstream of the introduction device, through the third opening. In addition to the compact structural form, a low-noise exhaust gas after-treatment can be made possible. The distance of the end of the mixing and decomposing section from the introducing device is advantageously between two and six times the diameter of the exhaust line in the region of the introducing device.

An exhaust gas after-treatment system according to the present invention is defined in claim 11.

An internal combustion engine according to the present invention is defined in claim 14.

Other preferred and advantageous refinements of the invention are apparent from the dependent claims and the ensuing description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail, by way of non-limitative example, with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. In the drawings depicted herein,
1 is a schematic perspective view of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to the present invention; And
2 is a detailed view of the exhaust aftertreatment system of FIG. 1 in the region of the mixing apparatus according to the present invention;

The present invention relates to an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, for example a stationary internal combustion engine in a power plant or a non-fixed internal combustion engine used on a ship.

In particular, the present invention relates to a SCR exhaust aftertreatment system for marine diesel internal combustion engines operated with heavy oil or residue, preferably as a two-stroke marine diesel internal combustion engine.

1 shows the structure of an internal combustion engine 1 having an exhaust gas supercharging system 2 and an exhaust gas after-treatment system 3. As shown in Fig.

The internal combustion engine 1 may be a non-fixed or stationary internal combustion engine, particularly a marine internal combustion engine operated in a non-fixed manner. The exhaust gas leaving the cylinder 4 of the internal combustion engine 1 is supplied to the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 to obtain mechanical energy from the thermal energy of the exhaust gas for compressing the charge air supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 ).

Thus, Figure 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 having an exhaust gas supercharging system 2, including at least one exhaust gas turbocharger 5. The exhaust gas leaving the cylinders 4 of the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the turbine 6 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 5 and is expanded inside the turbine, (Not shown) of the exhaust gas turbocharger 5 for compression. The internal combustion engine 1 may have a two-stage exhaust gas supercharging system 2 having a high-pressure turbocharger and a low-pressure turbocharger.

In addition to the exhaust gas supercharging system 2, the internal combustion engine 1 includes an SCR exhaust gas after-treatment system. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is preferably connected between the cylinders 4 of the internal combustion engine 1 and the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 and is thus connected to the cylinders 4 of the internal combustion engine 1 So that the leaving exhaust gas is accordingly directed through the exhaust aftertreatment system 3 and immediately following the exhaust gas supercharging system 2.

1 shows an exhaust gas supply line 8 which can be guided in the direction of an SCR catalytic converter in which the exhaust gas originating from the cylinders 4 of the internal combustion engine 1 is arranged in the reactor chamber 10 therethrough Respectively. 1 shows an exhaust gas emission line 11 which serves for the emission of exhaust gas from the SCR catalytic converter 9 in the direction of the turbine 6 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 5. [ do.

The internal combustion engine 1 of FIG. 1 has a common exhaust gas collector 7 for all the cylinders 4. The exhaust gases leaving the cylinders 4 of the internal combustion engine 1 are exhausted from the exhaust gas collector 7 and through the exhaust gas feed line 8 to the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3, In the direction of the chamber 10 and the individual SCR catalytic converter 9 and downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 and through the exhaust gas turbocharger 5 of the exhaust gas supercharging system 2, have.

The exhaust gas feed line 8 and the reactor chamber 10 leading to the reactor chamber 10 and thus to the SCR catalytic converter 9 disposed in the reactor chamber 10 and hence away from the SCR catalytic converter 9 The exhaust gas emission line 11 or the exhaust gas collector 7 and the exhaust gas emission line 11 are connected to each other through a detour (not shown) in which the blocking element is integrated into itself. By the closed blocking element, the bypass is closed and therefore the exhaust gas can not flow through the bypass. In this case, on the one hand, when the shut-off device is opened, the exhaust gas bypasses the SCR catalytic converter 9, which is arranged in the reactor chamber 10 and in the reactor chamber, 8) into the exhaust-gas discharge line 11, as shown in FIG.

It will be appreciated that the introducing device 12 is associated with the exhaust gas supply line 8 of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 and through which such precursor material of the reducing agent can be combined with the ammonia precursor The material can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow. The precursor material of the reducing agent is mixed with the exhaust gas and decomposed into the actual reducing agent ammonia (NH ₃ ), and the reducing agent is required to convert the nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas in the manner specified in the zone of the SCR catalytic converter 9 . The introduction device 12 of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 is preferably an injection nozzle through which the ammonia precursor material can be injected into the exhaust gas flow within the exhaust gas feed line 8. [ 2 illustrates the injection of the precursor material of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas flow in the region of the exhaust gas supply line 8, with the conical marking 13.

A section of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 or a separate exhaust gas supply line 8, which is situated downstream of the introduction device 12 and upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9, Is designated as the mixing and dissolving section (14). In particular, the exhaust gas supply line 8 is configured such that the precursor material of the reducing agent is decomposed into a reducing agent, and the exhaust gas is mixed with the reducing agent upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9, Mixing and disassembling section 14, as shown in FIG.

The introduction device 12 and the exhaust gas supply line 8 are arranged such that the part of the exhaust gas supply line 8 which provides the mixing and decomposing section 14 which extends in the downstream of the introduction device 12, Processing system 3, which serves for the decomposition of a substance into a reducing agent and the mixing of the reducing agent with the exhaust gas introduced through the introducing device 12 into the exhaust gas.

A muffler 21 is associated with the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the mixing and decomposition section 14. The mixing and dissolving section 14 and the silencer 21 are thereby spatially integrated. Thereby, in addition to the compact structural form, the low noise exhaust gas post-treatment can be ensured. The silencer 21 preferably has a plurality of silencer chambers 22, 23, 24. Each silencer chamber 22, 23, 24 is connected to an exhaust gas supply line 8 via at least one opening 25, 26, 27 individually.

According to Fig. 2, the first muffler chamber 22 is arranged to be connected via at least one opening 25, upstream of the introduction device 12. [ The second silencer chamber 23 of the muffler 21 is connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 through at least one other opening 26 in the region of the mixing and decomposition section 14 downstream of the introduction device 12. [ Lt; / RTI > The distance X1 from the introducing device 12 of the or each first opening 26 corresponds to at most one times the diameter d of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introducing device 12 do.

In addition, according to FIG. 2, the third silencer chamber 24 of the silencer 21 can be replaced by at least one other opening (not shown) in the region of the mixing and dissolving section 14 downstream of the introduction device 12 27 to the exhaust gas supply line 8. The distance of the or each second opening 27 from the introducing device 12 corresponds to at least twice the diameter d of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introducing device 12.

The distance from the introducing device 12 is set to be from one time the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introduction device 12 to the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introduction device 12. [ In which the muffler chambers 23 and 24 of the muffler 21 are connected to the exhaust gas feed line 8 through the mixing and decomposing section of the muffler 21, Do not. Such apertures are not formed downstream of the distance X1 and upstream of the distance X2 so that the muffler chambers of the muffler 21 are connected with the exhaust gas supply line 8 therethrough.

26 and 27 connecting the muffler chambers 22,23 and 24 of the silencer 21 to the exhaust gas supply line 8 through the openings 25,26 and 27, 27, and that there is no liquid reducing agent precursor material, and thus no liquid element, that blocks these openings.

Up to the distance Xl, droplets of the reducing agent precursor material can not reach into the region of the first openings 26. The reducing agent precursor material is then decomposed into ammonia (NH ₃ ) and Co ₂ at a minimum distance X ₂ and thus downstream of the distance X _{2 the} liquid reducing agent precursor material also prevents the openings 27 There is no risk.

The muffler 21 is implemented as a Helmholtz resonator and / or a lambda / 4-resonator and / or an absorbing silencer. The absorbing silencer is additionally filled with a sound absorbing material, such as glass fiber or ceramic fiber.

The muffler chambers 23 and 24 connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 downstream of the introduction device 12 through the openings 26 and 27 in the region of the mixing and decomposition section 14 are arranged in the form of a quarter- And the muffler chamber 22 connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 through the opening 25 at the upstream of the introduction device 12 is implemented as a Helmholtz resonator. Although this is preferred, this is not necessary. All the silencer chambers may be implemented as lambda / 4-resonators or Helmholtz resonators or absorption resonators. In addition, the muffler chambers 23, 24 connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 downstream of the introduction device 12 in the region of the mixing and decomposition section 14 may be embodied as Helmholtz resonators or absorbing silencers A muffler chamber 22 connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 at the upstream of the introduction device 12 through the opening 25 can be implemented as a? / 4-resonator or an absorption silencer.

In addition, it has proven advantageous to provide accessories 18a, 18b in the exhaust line 8, which result in a cross-sectional jump, thereby allowing a further reduction of noise emissions. . In the simplest case, the accessories are plates, which can be arranged or implemented in a planar manner 18a, but also in an inclined manner 18b, and additionally they are arranged at different angles with respect to the main flow direction . The accessories may be arranged at a distance corresponding to twice the diameter d of the exhaust gas supply line 8 upstream of the introduction device 12 and / or in the region of the introduction device 12.

At least those parts of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region where the silencer 21 is arranged in FIG. 2, say the silencer 21 and the exhaust gas supply line 8, are preferably combined into a common assembly Thus being incorporated into the structural elements. This is particularly advantageous for a compact structural form.

The exhaust gas collector 7 is preferably combined with a common assembly together with the mixing and decomposing section 14 or individually with the exhaust gas supply line 8 and the silencer 21. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an exhaust gas supply line 8, which at least partly forms a mixing and decomposing section 14 as viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, is arranged in the rear of the exhaust gas collector 7, So that the exhaust gas can be supplied from the exhaust gas collector 7 of the mixing and decomposing section 14 in a non-deflected manner.

1, the exhaust gas thus flows into the exhaust gas collecting line 7 only when entering the exhaust gas collector 7 in the region of the cylinder side exhaust gas opening points 16 and upstream of the SCR catalytic converter 9, Only enters into the reactor chamber 10 in the region of the downstream side end 15 of the reactor 10. This is advantageous in ensuring low noise exhaust gas aftertreatment.

1 and 2 illustrate the flow of the exhaust gas with arrows 17. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the exhaust gas 17 is deflected by approximately 90 ° or nearly 90 ° in the region of the cylinder side exhaust gas opening points 16 and flows into the exhaust gas collector 7. Proceeding from the exhaust gas collector 7, the exhaust gas flows in a non-deflecting manner to the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8, which opens into the region of the reactor chamber 10. In the region of this end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 the exhaust gas undergoes a flow deflection of approximately 180 ° or nearly 180 ° and after this flow deflection the exhaust gas is supplied to the SCR catalytic converter 9 Lt; / RTI >

The exhaust gas supply line 8 opens into the reactor chamber 10 at the downstream end 15. According to a preferred embodiment, the exhaust gas supply line 8 is expanded in a funnel-like manner in the region of its downstream end 15 so as to take the form of a diffuser 18. The flow cross sectional area of the exhaust gas supply line 8 increases in the region of the downstream side end portion 15 where the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 , The flow cross-sectional area of itself can be reduced first.

The exhaust gas supply line 8 and the exhaust gas emission line 11 are connected at a common first side 19 of the reactor chamber 10. Here, the exhaust gas supply line 8 is arranged such that the downstream end 15 of the exhaust gas supply line is located opposite the first side 19 of the reactor chamber 10, starting from this first side 19 Extends into the reactor chamber 10 in a manner that it is positioned adjacent to the second side 20 of the reactor chamber 10. The exhaust gas supply line (8) penetrates the catalytic converter (9).

The exhaust emission line (11) opens into the reactor chamber (10) on the first side. The exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas supply line 8 is deflected in the region of the second side surface 20 of the reactor chamber 10 which lies opposite the downstream side end portion 15 of the exhaust gas supply line 8 , Then through the SCR catalytic converter (9) and subsequently into the zone of the exhaust emission line (11) through the first side (19). The exhaust gas emission line 11 surrounds the exhaust gas supply line 8, partially outside, preferably concentrically, near the first side 19 of the reactor chamber 10.

1, a common assembly that also provides an exhaust gas collector 7, a mixing and decomposing section 14, an exhaust gas supply line 8, and additionally a silencer 21, (7) to be supplied to the mixing and decomposing section (14) in a non-deflected manner. As stated above, this is desirable. On the other hand, when the exhaust gas starts to flow from the exhaust gas collector 7 into the zone of the mixing and decomposing section 14 and accordingly into the zone of the exhaust gas supply line 8, that is to say the exhaust gas collector Exemplary embodiments that suffer from deflection, once, preferably by as much as up to 90, preferably, during delivery into the exhaust gas feed line 8 and thus into the zone of the mixing and decomposition section 14 It is also possible. Exhaust gas supply line 8, mixing and disassembling section 14, and silencer section 14, in view of the present invention, when a plurality of deflections of the exhaust gas are required due to the reason of the installation space on the internal combustion engine. The assembly providing the exhaust gas collector 21 is configured such that the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas collector 7 is accompanied by deflections up to three times or between the exhaust gas collector 7 and the mixing and decomposition section 14 at a maximum of 270 degrees In such a way that it is fed into the mixing and decomposition section 14, preferably with a maximum of two deflections or with a deflection between the exhaust gas collector 7 and the mixing and decomposition section 14 at a maximum of 180 ° , ≪ / RTI > However, deflection of the exhaust gas between the exhaust gas collector 7 at a maximum of 90 占 and the mixing and decomposition section 14 is preferred.

The supply of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas collector 7 without any deflection in the direction of the mixing and decomposing section 14 is most preferable.

The common assembly forming the exhaust gas collector 7, the mixing and decomposing section 14 and the silencer 21 is preferably a separate exhaust gas collector 12 located furthest from the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the reactor chamber 10, The distance between the cylinder side exhaust gas opening point 16 into the catalytic converter converter 9 and the reactor chamber 10 and the distance between the cylinder side exhaust gas opening point 16 into the catalytic converter converter 9 or the reactor chamber 10 is set to be the distance from the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the reactor chamber 10, Side exhaust gas openings 16 into the exhaust gas collector 7 and the cylinder side exhaust gas openings 16 into the exhaust gas collector 7 that are closest to the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the reactor chamber 10. [ To a maximum of four times, preferably to a maximum of three times, particularly preferably to a maximum of two times, of the distance between the points 16.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the reactor chamber 10 and thus the SCR catalytic converter 9 are arranged on the exhaust flow side upstream of the exhaust gas turbocharger 5. It is also possible that the reactor chamber 10 and hence the SCR catalytic converter 9 are arranged on the exhaust flow side downstream of the exhaust gas turbocharger. In addition, it is possible that the reactor chamber 10 and hence the SCR catalytic converter 9 are connected on the exhaust gas flow side between the high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger and the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger.

The above detailed description is particularly suitable for use in a two-stroke internal combustion engine operated by residual oil or by heavy oil or other natural gas. However, the present invention can also be used in 4-stroke internal combustion engines.

1: Internal combustion engine 2: Exhaust gas supercharging system
3: Exhaust gas aftertreatment system 4: Cylinder
5: Exhaust gas turbocharger 6: Turbine
7: exhaust gas collector 8: exhaust gas supply line
8a: part 8b: part
9: SCR catalytic converter 10: reactor chamber
11: exhaust gas emission line 12: introduction device
13: Dispersion cone cover 14: Mixing and decomposition section
15: end portion 16: exhaust gas opening point
17: Flow 18: Diffuser
19: Side 20: Side
21: silencer 22: silencer chamber
23: silencer chamber 24: silencer chamber
25: opening 26: opening
27: opening

Claims (18)

To mix the precursor material of the reducing agent, that is to say the ammonia precursor material, in particular the urea, with the exhaust gas, with the exhaust gas feed line 8 leading to the catalytic converter, in particular to the SCR catalytic converter 9, A mixing device for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, in particular for an SCR exhaust aftertreatment system, the exhaust gas feed line comprising an exhaust gas supply line (8) for introducing the precursor material of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas Is arranged downstream of the individual introducing device 12 for mixing the exhaust gas with the precursor material of the reducing agent and for decomposing the precursor material into the reducing agent, by the introduction device 12, and upstream of the catalytic converter, Wherein the exhaust gas is introduced by the mixing and decomposing section (14) provided by an exhaust gas supply line (8)
Characterized in that a silencer (21) is associated with the exhaust gas supply line (8) in the region of the mixing and decomposition section (14). The method according to claim 1,
The silencer 21 is characterized by having at least one silencer chamber 22, 23, 24 connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 via at least one opening 25, 26, Lt; / RTI > 3. The method of claim 2,
The at least one silencer chamber 22, 23, 24 of the muffler 21 is connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 through at least one opening 25, 26, 27 in the region of the mixing and dissociating section 14 Characterized in that the openings (25,26,27) are arranged upstream of the introduction device (12) or in the region of the introduction device (12) or downstream of the introduction device (12). The method of claim 3,
At least one silencer chamber 23, 24 is connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 via at least one opening 26, 27 downstream of the introduction device 12 in the region of the mixing and decomposition section 14 And the distance from the introducing device 12 to the openings 26 and 27 corresponds to at most 1 or at least 2 times the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introducing device 12 Lt; / RTI > 5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
At least the second silencer chamber 23 of the silencer 21 is connected to the exhaust gas supply line 8 through at least the second opening 27 downstream of the introduction device 12 in the region of the mixing and dissolving section 14, And the distance from the introducing device 12 to the or each opening 27 corresponds to at most 1 or at least 2 times the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introducing device 12 And the mixing device. 6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
The distance from the introducing device 12 is set to be from one time the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introduction device 12 to the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introduction device 12. [ In which the muffler chambers 23 and 24 of the muffler 21 are connected to the exhaust gas feed line 8 through the mixing and decomposing section of the muffler 21, And wherein the mixing device is configured to mix and mix. 7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
Characterized in that the third silencer chamber (22) of the silencer (21) is connected to the exhaust gas supply line (8) at least upstream of the introduction device (12) through at least the third opening (25). 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Wherein the silencer (21) forms a Helmholtz resonator and / or a? / 4-resonator and / or an absorption silencer. 8. The method of claim 7,
Characterized in that at least one silencer chamber (22, 23, 24) of the muffler (21) forms a? / 4-resonator. 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8,
Characterized in that at least one silencer chamber (22, 23, 24) of the silencer (21) forms a Helmholtz resonator. 10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
Characterized in that at least one silencer chamber (22, 23, 24) of the silencer (21) forms an absorption silencer. 11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10,
Characterized in that at least one device (18a, 18b) is arranged in the zone of the mixing device for providing a cross-sectional jump in the exhaust gas supply line (8). 13. The method of claim 12,
At least the devices 18a and 18b are arranged for the provision of a cross-sectional jump upstream or downstream of the introduction device 12 and when the devices 18a and 18b are arranged for the provision of a cross- The distance from the introduction device 12 of the devices 18a and 18b for providing the jump corresponds to at least twice the diameter of the exhaust gas supply line 8 in the region of the introduction device 12. [ Mixing device. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Characterized in that the mixing and dissolving section (14) and the silencer (21) or the exhaust gas supply line (8) and the silencer (21) are combined into a common assembly. At least one catalytic converter 9, in particular an SCR catalytic converter, arranged in the reactor chamber 10, an exhaust gas supply line 8 leading to the reactor chamber 10 and an exhaust gas discharge line 8 extending from the reactor chamber 10, (3) for an internal combustion engine (1), in particular for an internal combustion engine, which is operated by an intermediate or residual oil, characterized in that the exhaust gas treatment system (11)
11. An exhaust aftertreatment system characterized by the mixing device according to any one of the preceding claims. 16. The method of claim 15,
Characterized by an exhaust gas collector (7), which is combined with a mixing and dissolving section (14) and a silencer (21) in a common assembly. 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16,
The common assembly includes a cylinder side exhaust gas opening point 16 into the exhaust gas collector 7 located farthest from the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the reactor chamber 10 and a respective one of the SCR catalytic converter 9, Side exhaust gas opening point 16 into the exhaust gas collector 7 which is located farthest from the SCR catalytic converter 9 or the reactor chamber 10 and the individual cylinder side exhaust gas opening point 16 into the exhaust gas collector 7, Of the distance between the cylinder side exhaust gas opening point 16 into the exhaust gas collector 7 which is closest to the converter 9 or to the reactor chamber 10 is at most 4 times, preferably at most 3 times, And the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is implemented so as to correspond to a maximum of two times. An internal combustion engine (1) comprising: a plurality of cylinders (4); at least one common exhaust gas collector for a group of cylinders (4); and an exhaust aftertreatment according to any one of claims 12 to 14 A system (3), comprising:
Exhaust gas exits the individual exhaust gas collector 7 and flows through the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 and downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 3 to the exhaust gas supercharging system 2 of the internal combustion engine 1, Through at least one exhaust gas turbocharger (5) of the internal combustion engine.

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