JP2017177281A - Pulling-out method and device for shrink fit component - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulling-out method and device for shrink fit component by which a shrink fit component can be pulled out by a pull-out force of a minimum requirement without always acting of a pull-out force on the shrink fit component.SOLUTION: A pulling-out device for a shrink fit component comprises: a vibrator 4 which gives vibration to a coupling 2 as a shrink fit component; heating means for heating the coupling 2; a frequency measurement device 25 which measures a vibration frequency of the coupling 2; pulling-out means 5 for exerting a pulling force to the coupling 2; and a controller 27 which issues a pulling-out command to the pulling-out means 5 immediately after a vibration frequency in a high frequency band of the coupling 2 measured by the frequency measurement device 25 is attenuated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a method and apparatus for pulling out a shrink-fitting member, and in particular, can easily and surely pull out the shrink-fitting member with a minimum pull-out force without always applying a pulling force to the shrink-fitting member. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for pulling out a shrink-fitting member.

  For example, in order to pull out the coupling that is shrink-fitted on the rotating shaft of the motor from the rotating shaft, the coupling is heated with a burner or the like to thermally expand the coupling, and thus the rotating shaft and the coupling are fitted. Loosen and pull out the coupling from the rotating shaft.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a method for pulling out a shrink-fitting member. This pulling method is a method of pulling out the bearing inner ring shrink-fitted on the axle from the axle. Hereinafter, this method is called a conventional drawing method and will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state before the bearing inner ring is pulled out by the conventional pulling method. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after the bearing inner ring is pulled out by a conventional pulling method.

  As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, a table 12 is attached to the carriage 11 so as to be able to move up and down while maintaining a level by a lifting cylinder 13. A cylinder 15 constituting a hydraulic device is horizontally mounted on the table 12 via a mounting base 14. The cylinder 15 is provided with a flange 15a. The tip of the rod 16 of the hydraulic device is inserted into a hollow axle 17, and the rod 16 is provided with a flange 16 a for receiving a reaction force of the pulling force when the bearing inner ring 18 is pulled out. Yes.

  When the bearing inner ring 18 is pulled out, a drawing plate 19 for hooking on the inner end face of the bearing inner ring 18 is formed in half and can be connected to each other by bolts. The flange 15 a provided on the cylinder 15 and the extraction plate 19 are connected via an extraction rod 20.

  The bearing inner ring 18 is high-frequency induction heated by the heating coil 21. A ring-shaped positioning tool 22 made of an insulator is integrally attached to the inner peripheral surface of the heating coil 21, and the heating coil 21 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the bearing inner ring 18 via the positioning tool 22. Mounted concentrically.

  In order to pull out the bearing inner ring 18 that is shrink-fitted on the axle 17 from the axle 17 by the conventional pulling method described above, the following is performed. The wheel 23 is placed on the rail 24 with the wheel 23 mounted on the axle 17.

  First, the carriage 11 is arranged so that the rod 16 of the hydraulic device faces the axle 17, and in this state, the table 12 is moved up and down by the lifting cylinder 13 mounted on the carriage 11, and the position of the carriage 11 is changed. Adjust and insert the rod 16 into the axle 17. In this way, the carriage 11 is positioned with respect to the axle 17 and the heating coil 21 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing inner ring 18.

  Next, after the extraction plate 19 is hooked on the bearing inner ring 18, the flange 15 a of the cylinder 15 and the extraction plate 19 are connected by the extraction rod 20.

  Then, by operating the hydraulic device, the hydraulic pressure is converted into the drawing force of the bearing inner ring 18 via the cylinder 15, the drawing rod 20 and the drawing plate 19, and the drawing force is applied to the bearing inner ring 18. The high-frequency current is passed through the heating coil 21 in this state.

  As a result, the bearing inner ring 18 is heated by high-frequency induction, and the surface layer portion thereof is heated intensively. As a result, the engagement between the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 is loosened, and the bearing inner ring 18 is pulled out from the axle 17 by the pulling force that is constantly acting on the bearing inner ring 18 as shown by the arrow in FIG. .

JP-A-8-150524

  As described above, according to the conventional drawing method, the bearing inner ring 18 is intensively heated by the high-frequency induction heating coil, so that the deterioration of the axle 17 due to high temperature heating can be prevented. However, the following problems occur. there were.

  Since it is necessary to apply a pulling force to the bearing inner ring 18 at all times, the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 may be mechanically damaged.

  Further, if the minimum pulling force that can be pulled out of the bearing inner ring 18 can be grasped, mechanical damage to the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 can be minimized, but the degree of thermal expansion is clearly determined. Since it is not known, it is difficult to grasp the minimum pulling force. Therefore, since it is necessary to apply a large pulling force to some extent, the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 may be mechanically damaged from this point.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for pulling out a shrink-fitting member that can easily and reliably pull out the shrink-fitting member with a minimum pull-out force without always applying a pull-out force to the shrink-fitting member. And providing an apparatus.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is characterized by the following.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a method of pulling out the shrink-fitted member shrink-fitted on the shrink-fitted member from the shrink-fitted member, and applying the vibration to the shrink-fitted member while applying vibration to the shrink-fitted member. The fitting member is heated, and during this time, the vibration frequency of the shrink fitting member is detected, and immediately after the vibration frequency in the high frequency band is attenuated, a pulling force is applied to the shrink fitting member, and thus the shrink fitting member is It is characterized by being pulled out of the to-be-baked fitting member.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the high frequency band is 10 kHz to 20 kHz.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for pulling out a shrink-fitted member that has been shrink-fitted onto a shrink-fitted member from the shrink-fitted member, and applying vibration to the shrink-fitted member in the shrink-fitting member extraction device And a heating means for heating the shrink-fitting member, a frequency measuring device for measuring the vibration frequency of the shrink-fitting member, a pulling means for applying a pulling force to the shrink fitting member, and the frequency measuring device. And a controller that issues an extraction command to the extraction means immediately after the vibration frequency of the shrink-fitting member is attenuated.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 3, the high frequency band is 10 kHz to 20 kHz.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the shrink-fitting member and the shrink-fitting member are shrink-fitted through a key. .

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 3 to 5, the vibrator is attached to a bracket fixed to the shrink fitting member. Is.

  The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 6, the vibrator is detachably attached to the bracket by a magnet.

  The invention according to an eighth aspect is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the third to seventh aspects, the to-be-fitted member comprises a rotating shaft.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 3 to 8, the shrink-fitting member is made of a coupling.

  The invention described in claim 10 is characterized in that, in the invention described in any one of claims 3 to 9, the heating means is composed of a burner.

  The invention described in claim 11 is characterized in that, in the invention described in any one of claims 3 to 9, the heating means comprises a high frequency induction heating coil.

  A twelfth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the third to eleventh aspects, the pulling means is hydraulic.

  A thirteenth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the third to eleventh aspects, the pull-out means uses a gear puller.

  According to this invention, the shrink fitting member is heated while applying vibration to the shrink fitting member, and immediately after the vibration frequency of the high frequency band of the shrink fitting member is attenuated, the pulling force is applied to the shrink fitting member to By pulling out the fitting member from the shrink fitting member, the shrink fitting member can be pulled out easily and reliably. Moreover, since it is not necessary to always apply a pulling force to the shrink-fitting member, there is no possibility of mechanical damage to the shrink-fitting member or the shrink-fitting member.

  According to the present invention, the shrink fitting member is heated while applying vibration to the shrink fitting member, and immediately after the vibration frequency of the predetermined band of the shrink fitting member is attenuated, the pulling force is applied to the shrink fitting member by the pulling means. By doing so, it becomes possible to pull out the shrink-fitting member with a minimum pull-out force. Therefore, there is no possibility that the shrink-fitted member or the shrink-fitted member is mechanically damaged from this point.

  Further, according to the present invention, the shrink-fitted member can be prevented from being deteriorated due to high-temperature heating by intensively heating the shrink-fitted member with the high-frequency induction heating coil.

  Further, according to the present invention, by applying vibration to the shrink-fit member by the vibrator, the shrink-fit member and the shrink-fit member collide with each other, and as a result, the shrink-fit member is likely to loosen. From this point, the shrink-fitting member can be easily pulled out. This phenomenon is effective when the shrink-fitting member and the shrink-fitting member are fitted in a galling state.

It is a front view which shows the drawing-out apparatus of the shrink fitting member of this invention. It is a top view which shows the drawing-out apparatus of the shrink fitting member of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a front view which shows the state by which the coupling was pulled out. It is a graph which shows the vibration frequency of the coupling before drawing. It is a graph which shows the vibration frequency of the coupling at the time of extraction. It is sectional drawing which shows the state before extraction of the bearing inner ring | wheel by the conventional extraction method. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after extraction of the bearing inner ring | wheel by the conventional extraction method.

  An embodiment of the shrink-fitting member extracting device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing a shrink-fitting member pulling-out device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the shrink-fitting member pulling-out device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4 and 4 are front views showing a state in which the coupling is pulled out.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating shaft as a shrink-fitted member of a motor, and 2 denotes a coupling as a shrink-fitting member that is shrink-fitted to the rotating shaft 1. For example, the coupling 2 is bolted to a pump-side coupling attached to a rotating shaft of the pump, whereby the pump is driven by a motor.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes a U-shaped bracket that is bolted to the coupling 2. At the center of the bracket 3, an opening 3 a is formed through which a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder described later passes.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a vibration exciter (vibrator) fixed to one side surface of the bracket 3. The vibrator 4 has a function of imparting vibration to the heated coupling 2 and is detachably attached to the bracket 3 with a magnet. In addition to the bracket 3, the vibrator 4 may be attached to the coupling 2 via a magnet.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a means for pulling out the coupling 2. The drawing means 5 includes a plurality of connecting rods that connect a pair of one (left side in the figure) and the other (right side in the figure) plate members 6 and 7 with one plate member 6 and the other plate member 7 at a predetermined interval. 8 and a hydraulic cylinder 9 that is horizontally fixed to the inner central portion of the other plate member 7. The operation of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is controlled by a hydraulic controller 27.

  The tip of the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is in contact with the tip of the rotating shaft 1 through the opening 3 a of the bracket 3. The connecting rod 8 is screwed between the pair of plate members 6 and 7. An opening 6 a through which the rotary shaft 1 can be inserted is formed at the center of one plate member 6. One plate 6 is divided into two so as to be connectable. The pulling means 5 may use a known gear puller.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes a frequency measuring device that measures the vibration frequency of the coupling 2. The frequency measuring device 25 is attached to the coupling 2 via a magnet, but may be attached to the rotary shaft 1 or the casing of the pump of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via a magnet.

  Reference numeral 26 denotes a controller, which issues an extraction command to the hydraulic controller 27 of the extraction means 5 immediately after the vibration frequency of the high frequency band of the coupling 2 measured by the frequency measuring device 25 is attenuated.

  Here, the experimental results of the vibration frequency in the high frequency band will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing the vibration frequency of the coupling before drawing, and FIG. 6 is a graph showing the vibration frequency of the coupling at the time of drawing.

  While the coupling 2 was heated by a burner, vibration was applied to the coupling 2 by the vibrator 4, and the vibration frequency of the coupling 2 at that time was measured by the frequency measuring device 25. The result is shown in FIG.

  6 shows the result of measuring the vibration frequency of the coupling 2 by the frequency measuring device 25 after a predetermined time has elapsed.

  As can be seen from FIG. 6, the vibration frequency in the high frequency band of 10 kHz to 20 kHz is attenuated. The cause is as follows.

  When the coupling 2 is fitted to the rotating shaft 1 without loosening, the coupling 2 and the rotating shaft 1 vibrate as a unit. As a result, the generated vibration sound becomes high and the vibration frequency increases.

  On the other hand, when the coupling 2 is loosened due to thermal expansion, the coupling 2 and the rotating shaft 1 are not united and vibrate. As a result, the generated vibration sound becomes muddy and the vibration frequency is lowered. That is, the vibration frequency in the high frequency band is attenuated.

  Therefore, if the damping state of the vibration frequency in a high frequency band, for example, 10 kHz to 20 kHz is grasped, it can be understood that the coupling 2 has loosened due to thermal expansion, and this time is the timing for starting the extraction of the coupling 2.

  According to the shrink-fitting member pulling-out device of the present invention configured as described above, the coupling 2 is pulled out from the rotating shaft 1 as follows.

  After passing through the rotating shaft 1 in a state where one plate member 6 of the pulling means 5 is divided, the one plate member 6 is brought into contact with the side surface of the coupling 2.

  Next, the pair of plate members 6 and the other plate member 7 are connected by the connecting rod 8.

  Next, the tip of the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 passes through the opening 3 a of the bracket 3 and is brought into contact with the tip of the rotating shaft 1.

  Next, after the vibration exciter 4 is adsorbed to the bracket 3, the coupling 2 is heated by a heating means such as a burner while continuously applying vibration to the coupling 2. The heating means may be a high frequency induction heating coil or the like other than the burner.

  During this time, the vibration frequency of the coupling 2 is measured by the frequency measuring device 25, and immediately after the vibration frequency from 10 kHz to 20 kHz is attenuated, the controller 26 issues an extraction command to the hydraulic controller 27 of the extraction means 5. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 9 operates and the piston rod 10 is pushed out. When the piston rod 10 is pushed out, the one plate 6 is brought into contact with the side surface of the coupling 2, so that the coupling 2 is pulled out of the rotary shaft 1 by the reaction of the pushing force of the piston rod 10.

  In this way, by pulling out the coupling 2 while continuously applying vibration to the coupling 2, it is possible to reduce the risk of the coupling 2 being gnawed.

  In addition, when the coupling 2 and the rotating shaft 1 are not shrink-fitted through the key but are simply shrink-fitted, if the coupling 2 is loosened due to thermal expansion, the coupling 2 is interposed via the bracket 3. Since the vibration exciter 4 is attached, a rotational force is generated in the coupling 2 due to the weight of the vibration exciter 4, and it is possible to grasp the timing of pulling out the coupling 2. 2 and the rotary shaft 1 are shrink-fitted through a key, even if the coupling 2 is loosened due to thermal expansion, no rotational force is generated in the coupling 2, and the timing of pulling out the coupling 2 is grasped. It is not possible.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the coupling 2 is heated while applying vibration to the coupling 2, and immediately after the high frequency band of the coupling 2, for example, the vibration frequency of 10 kHz to 20 kHz is attenuated, By pulling out the coupling 2 from the rotating shaft 1 by applying a pulling force to the coupling 2, the coupling 2 can be pulled out easily and reliably. In addition, since it is not necessary to always apply a pulling force to the coupling 2, the coupling 2 can be easily pulled out from the rotating shaft 1 without causing any mechanical damage due to the pulling out of the rotating shaft 1 or the coupling 2. Can do.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the coupling 2 is heated while applying vibration to the coupling 2, and immediately after the vibration frequency of the high frequency band of the coupling 2 is attenuated, the pulling means 5 pulls the coupling 2 to the pulling force By acting the above, it becomes possible to pull out the coupling 2 with the minimum necessary pulling force. Therefore, from this point, the coupling 2 can be easily pulled out from the rotating shaft 1 without fear of causing mechanical damage to the rotating shaft 1 and the coupling 2 due to pulling out.

  Moreover, according to this invention, even if it is a case where the coupling 2 and the rotating shaft 1 are shrink-fitted via a key, the coupling 2 can be pulled out easily and reliably.

  Further, according to the present invention, the coupling 2 is intensively heated by the high frequency induction heating coil, so that the deterioration of the rotating shaft 1 due to high temperature heating can be prevented.

  In the above, the rotating shaft 1 of the motor is taken as an example of the shrink-fitted member and the coupling 2 is taken as an example of the shrink-fitted member. However, the shrink-fitted member and the shrink-fitted member are not limited to these, Of course, it may be a member.

1: Rotating shaft 2: Coupling 3: Bracket 3a: Opening 4: Vibrator 5: Pull-out means 6: One plate material 6a: Opening 7: The other plate material 8: Connecting rod 9: Hydraulic cylinder 10: Piston rod 11: Carriage 12: Table 13: Lifting cylinder 14: Mounting base 15: Cylinder 15a: Flange 16: Piston rod 16a: Jaw part 17: Axle 18: Bearing inner ring 19: Pulling plate 20: Pulling rod 21: Heating coil 22: Positioning tool 23 : Wheel 24: Rail 25: Frequency measuring device 26: Controller 27: Hydraulic controller

Claims (13)

In the method of pulling out the shrink-fitting member, pulling out the shrink-fitting member shrink-fitted on the shrink-fitting member from the shrink-fitting member,
The shrink fitting member is heated while applying vibration to the shrink fitting member. During this time, the vibration frequency of the shrink fitting member is detected, and immediately after the vibration frequency in the high frequency band is attenuated, the shrink fitting member is pulled out. A method for pulling out the shrink-fitted member, wherein a force is applied, and the shrink-fitted member is pulled out from the shrink-fitted member.   The method of pulling out a shrink-fitting member according to claim 1, wherein the high frequency band is 10 kHz to 20 kHz. In the pull-out device of the shrink-fitting member, pulling out the shrink-fitting member shrink-fitted on the shrink-fitting member from the shrink fit member,
A vibrator for applying vibration to the shrink fitting member, a heating means for heating the shrink fitting member, a frequency measuring device for measuring the vibration frequency of the shrink fitting member, and a pulling force acting on the shrink fitting member A firing unit, comprising: a drawing unit; and a controller that issues a drawing command to the drawing unit immediately after the vibration frequency in the high frequency band of the shrink fitting member measured by the frequency measuring device is attenuated. Pull-out device for fitting member.   4. The shrink-fitting member extracting device according to claim 3, wherein the high frequency band is 10 kHz to 20 kHz.   5. The shrink-fitting member extracting device according to claim 3, wherein the shrink-fitting member and the shrink-fitting member are shrink-fitted through a key.   6. The shrink-fitting member extraction device according to claim 3, wherein the vibration exciter is attached to a bracket fixed to the shrink-fitting member.   7. The shrink-fitting member pulling device according to claim 6, wherein the vibrator is detachably attached to the bracket by a magnet.   The shrink-fitting member extraction device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the shrink-fitting member includes a rotating shaft.   9. The shrink-fitting member extracting device according to claim 3, wherein the shrink-fitting member is made of a coupling.   10. The shrink-fitting member pulling device according to claim 3, wherein the heating means is a burner.   10. The shrink-fitting member pulling device according to claim 3, wherein the heating means comprises a high frequency induction heating coil.   12. The shrink-fitting member pulling-out apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pulling-out means is a hydraulic type.   12. The shrink-fitting member pulling device according to claim 3, wherein the pulling means uses a gear puller.

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