JP2017176915A - Crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushing device capable of efficiently performing so-called surface crushing as a purpose of crushing, for instance, a resin and the like.SOLUTION: A crushing device includes: a crushing chamber having a space S between plate-like bodies formed between the pair of plate-like bodies 10a; a carrying flow inflow mechanism having a jet nozzle Ngx and flowing a crushing object carrying flow F into the space S between plate-like bodies at one side of the space S between plate-like bodies; a carrying flow receiving mechanism receiving the crushing object carrying flow F outflowing from the space S between plate-like bodies; and a classification mechanism classifying a crushing object X after crushing treatment from the crushing object carrying flow F received by the carrying flow receiving mechanism.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverization apparatus that includes a pulverization chamber into which a jet flow as a pulverization target conveying flow is jetted from a jet nozzle, and pulverizes the pulverization target that is input into the pulverization chamber.

  In the pulverization chamber, a high-speed gas jet flow ejected from the jet nozzle generates a high-speed pulverization object conveyance flow, the powder is entrained in this, the particles constituting the powder collide with each other, or the particles are crushed in the pulverization chamber A technique of colliding with a target or a crushing chamber peripheral wall surface provided in a crushing and crushing is well known as a jet mill (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2).

  In this way, when the objects to be crushed collide with each other or the object to be collided (the target or the peripheral wall surface of the pulverization chamber), the pulverization generates an interface near the center of the powder and the atomization proceeds, so-called volume Crushing. FIG. 3 (b) schematically shows this volume grinding.

On the other hand, as a pulverization method for pulverizing an object to be pulverized, for example, there is a method using a bead mill adopted when the object to be pulverized is a resin or a relatively soft metal (such as copper or aluminum) (Patent Document 3). (Paragraph [0057]).
The bead mill method is, for example, a method in which an object to be pulverized is sandwiched between gaps formed between spherical beads and the surface thereof is peeled off. Surface grinding. FIG. 3 (a) schematically shows this surface grinding.
FIG. 3 (a) shows a state of surface grinding formed between flat plates arranged in parallel according to the present invention. In the case of a bead mill, it is sandwiched between spheres that move relative to each other. Surface crushing (surface peeling) occurs in the form shown in FIG.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-254427 JP-A-10-296115 Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-1613

  When the object to be pulverized is a resin, a relatively soft metal, or the like, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the object to be pulverized is associated with a jet from a jet nozzle and the wall surface of the target or pulverization chamber When it is made to collide, it is difficult to cause surface destruction and is not suitable for pulverization of these substances.

  On the other hand, when the bead mill method is adopted, it is preferable that the crushed object is sandwiched between the peas, and the relative movement of the beads can cause rubbing in the particle tangential direction. is there.

  In view of this situation, a main object of the present invention is to obtain a pulverizing apparatus capable of efficiently causing so-called surface pulverization, for example, for the purpose of pulverizing a resin or the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the first characteristic configuration of the present invention is:
A pulverization apparatus comprising a pulverization chamber into which a jet flow as a pulverization target conveyance flow is jetted from a jet nozzle, and pulverizes a pulverization target to be introduced into the chamber in the pulverization chamber,
A space between the plate-like bodies formed between the plate-like bodies forming a pair is provided in the crushing chamber,
A transport flow inflow mechanism that includes the jet nozzle and allows the pulverized object transport flow to flow into the inter-plate body space is provided on one side of the inter-plate body space,
A conveyance flow receiving mechanism for receiving the pulverized object conveyance flow flowing out from the space between the plate-like bodies is provided, and the pulverized object after pulverization processing is classified from the pulverized object conveyance flow received by the conveyance flow receiving mechanism. It has a classification mechanism.

According to this configuration, the crushing chamber is provided with a space between the plate-like bodies formed between the paired plate-like bodies, and a jet jetted from the jet nozzle from one side of this space is used as the crushed material transporting flow. The object to be crushed is blown.
Here, since the injection direction is a direction along the inner surfaces of the pair of plate-like bodies, the moving direction of the object to be crushed can be a longitudinal direction along the inner surfaces of the plate-like bodies. Furthermore, since the object to be crushed flows into the space between the plate-like bodies in a state of spreading from the jet nozzle to some extent, it is collided along the inner surface of the plate-like body in a so-called rubbing state, and surface crushing can be promoted. And, when it collides with the inner surface of one plate-like body, it bounces back, and further collides toward the inner surface of the other plate-like body. Therefore, the surface is crushed with a much higher efficiency than before.

  In addition, the jet from the jet nozzle shows a tendency to diffuse, but for example, it is conveyed by the jet portion that diffuses to the other plate-like object side with respect to the pulverized object conveyed by the jet portion that diffuses to the one plate-like body side. Naturally, there are objects to be crushed, and these objects to be crushed collide with the inner surface of the plate-like body, and the collision opportunity of the object to be crushed bounced off from the surface of the plate-like body also increases. The surface grinding intended by the present invention can be carried out very efficiently.

  Then, by providing the transport flow inflow mechanism and the transport flow receiving mechanism, the pulverized object that has been atomized by the classification mechanism can be removed while smoothly feeding and taking out the pulverized object into the space between the plate-like bodies. It can be taken out according to the desired degree (particle size).

  As a result, for example, for the purpose of pulverizing a resin or the like, a pulverizing apparatus capable of efficiently causing so-called surface pulverization could be obtained.

The second characteristic configuration of the present invention is:
The plate-like body is a flat plate;
The space between the plate-like bodies is formed between flat plates arranged in parallel.

According to this structure, the space between plate-shaped bodies which is the main point of this invention is realizable by a very simple structure by arrange | positioning and using the flat plate as a plate-shaped body in parallel.
Further, in the present invention, the speed and flow rate of the jet ejected from the jet nozzle, and the degree of the gap between the plate-like bodies (thickness of the space between the plate-like bodies) under a predetermined condition are determined by the pulverization target. It becomes a very important operating parameter in relation to the particle size and the target particle size after miniaturization, but in the case of parallel arrangement, it is easy to provide a mechanism that can easily adjust the gap. it can.

The third characteristic configuration of the present invention is:
The plate-like body is a flat plate;
The space between the plate-like bodies is between narrowed and arranged flat plates that become smaller from the carrier flow inflow mechanism side toward the carrier flow receiving mechanism side with respect to the cross-sectional area of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the grinding object conveyance flow. It is in the point to be formed.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to obtain the action and effect of crushing induction in the space between the plate-like bodies formed between the plate-like bodies arranged in parallel, and a pair of plate-like shapes toward the plate-like body space. Since the distance between the inner surfaces of the body becomes smaller as the cross-sectional area decreases, further pulverization of the pulverized object whose pulverization has progressed to some extent can be performed well.

  And the 4th characteristic structure of this invention exists in the point provided with several convex body in the said inter-plate-space space side of the said plate-shaped body.

  According to this configuration, a plurality of convex bodies (in other words, protrusions) are provided on the space between the plate-like bodies of the upper plate body so that the trajectory of the pulverized object that tends to go straight in the longitudinal direction of the space between the plate-like bodies. Can be refracted or bent by the collision with the convex body, thereby drawing a complicated trajectory, further increasing the chance of surface crushing, and improving crushing efficiency. Moreover, volume grinding can be performed to some extent.

  A fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the transport flow inflow mechanism and the transport flow receiving mechanism are arranged in a straight line.

  With this configuration, the transport flow receiving mechanism is provided ahead of the straight flow direction of the transport flow inflow mechanism. With this arrangement, the transport flow can be prevented without obstructing the jet flow from the jet nozzle as much as possible. Since the material is received by the receiving mechanism, the object to be crushed is strongly rubbed against the inner surface of the space between the plate-like bodies, and the efficiency of surface pulverization can be kept high.

  A sixth characteristic configuration of the present invention includes a plurality of jet nozzles in the transport flow inflow mechanism, and a plurality of jet nozzles in a direction in which the space between the plate-like bodies extends in a cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of the pulverized object transport flow. The jet nozzles are distributed.

  According to this configuration, in addition to the effect related to the single jet nozzle described so far, in addition to the effect that jets from a plurality of dispersedly arranged jet nozzles can be mixed with each other, The pulverization proceeds well by the collision between the pulverized objects conveyed in the flow.

  The seventh characteristic configuration of the present invention is that d / D is in the range of 0.005 to 0.1, where d is the particle size of the object to be crushed and D is the gap between the plate-like bodies. .

  According to this configuration, if it is smaller than 0.005, the jet flow from the jet nozzle is too widened to obtain a sufficient rubbing effect (surface grinding effect). On the other hand, when the ratio is larger than 0.1, the resistance becomes too large with respect to the jet flow and the conveyance of the object to be pulverized therewith, and the tendency that pulverization cannot be performed well becomes high.

Diagram showing the overall configuration of the crusher The figure which shows the flow of the grinding | pulverization target object in the space between plate-shaped bodies Explanatory drawing (a) of surface crushing of object to be crushed in space between plate-like bodies and explanatory drawing (b) of volume crushing

  An embodiment of the crusher 100 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pulverization apparatus 100 is mainly configured by a pulverization chamber 10 having a plate-like space S unique to the present invention. A transport flow inflow mechanism 11 that flows in along with the object transport flow F) and a transport flow receiving mechanism 12 that receives the pulverized target transport flow F that flows out of the crushing chamber 10, and is received by the transport flow receiving mechanism 12. In addition, a classification mechanism 13 that classifies the pulverized object X after the pulverization process from the pulverized object conveyance flow F is provided.

  By adopting this configuration, the pulverized object Xa that has been pulverized into fine particles can be taken out from the fine particle take-out port 13 a of the classification mechanism 13. On the other hand, the pulverized object Xb that remains as coarse particles with insufficient pulverization is taken out from the coarse particle take-out port 13b of the classification mechanism 13. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a configuration is adopted in which the pulverized object Xb that is insufficiently atomized is returned to the high-pressure gas path 14.

  In the following description, the conveyance flow inflow mechanism 11, the crushing chamber 10 having the interplate space S, and the conveyance flow receiving mechanism 12 will be described in this order.

Conveyance Flow Inflow Mechanism The conveyance flow inflow mechanism 11 is provided in the pulverization chamber 10 in a form in which a pulverized object conveyance flow F for conveying the pulverization target object X is generated and conveyed by the pulverization object conveyance flow F. The object X to be crushed is jetted and introduced into the space S between the plate-like bodies.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the carrier flow inflow mechanism 11 is connected to a high-pressure gas path 14 through which a high-pressure gas G (specifically, high-pressure air generated by a high-pressure pump (not shown) as a high-pressure gas supply source) flows. A dispersion chamber 11a to be connected and a nozzle chamber 11b that receives the high-pressure gas G from the high-pressure gas passage 14 and scatters and ejects the space between the plate-like bodies S are configured.

  In this embodiment, the raw material supply path 15 for supplying the raw material of the object X to be pulverized to the high pressure gas path 14 and the return path 16 for returning the object Xb to be crushed returned from the classification mechanism 13 to the high pressure gas path 14 are connected. Has been. The upper part of the raw material supply path 15 is a hopper (not shown), and the object X can be supplied by opening and closing the hopper. With this configuration, the supply of the pulverized object X from the raw material supply path 15 and the return path 16 can be performed by the suction force of the high-pressure gas G.

  The transport flow inflow mechanism 11 includes a dispersion chamber 11a in which a flow path expands in accordance with the flow direction of the high-pressure gas G, and a nozzle chamber 11b in which a plurality of raw material supply jet nozzles Ngx are arranged in the horizontal direction. Further, the injection port o of the raw material supply jet nozzle Ngx provided in the nozzle chamber 11b is a plate formed in a state sandwiched between a pair of plate-like bodies 10a on one side of the inter-plate-like space S. It arrange | positions so that it may open toward the clearance gap (space thickness) of the space S between shape bodies.

  Therefore, the pulverized object X using the high-pressure gas G as the pulverized object transport flow F is dispersed and mixed in the dispersion chamber 11a, dispersedly supplied to the raw material supply jet nozzles Ngx, and injected into the inter-plate body space S. Is done.

Crushing chamber FIG. 2 (a) schematically shows an object X to be crushed that moves in the inter-plate body space S, and FIG. 2 (b) shows a longitudinal sectional view of the inter-plate body space S provided in the pulverization chamber 10. showed that.

As can be seen from these figures, the inter-plate-shaped space S according to the present invention is a space as a gap formed between the pair of plate-shaped bodies 10a, and this space S is a plate-shaped body. The space is sufficiently wide in the directions D1 and D2 perpendicular to the parallel installation direction 10a (vertical direction in FIG. 2B).
As described above, a plurality of raw material supply jet nozzles Ngx are arranged in parallel along one end side Sa of the plate-like body 10a.

  In this embodiment, the particle size of the object to be crushed is d, the gap between the plate-like bodies is D, and d / D is in the range of 0.005 to 0.1.

Further, as can be seen from FIG. 2, the plate-like body 10 a itself is a flat plate, but includes a plurality of convex bodies 10 b on the space S between the plate-like bodies. Here, the convex body 10b is hemispherical, and its spherical diameter is set to be slightly shorter than the gap D of the inter-plate body space S.
The arrangement of the plurality of convex bodies 10b is a so-called staggered arrangement. Then, in the rectilinear direction D1 of the pulverized object transport flow F, the separation length of the pair of front and rear convex bodies 10b is set to be slightly longer than the gap D of the inter-plate body space S, and That in the direction D2 orthogonal to the rectilinear direction D1 is shorter than the gap D of the interplate space S.
Thus, by providing a plurality of convex bodies 10b, volume pulverization may occur with respect to what remains with a coarse particle size while securing the surface pulverization state which is the main purpose of the present invention. it can. The surface crushing that occurs between simple parallel plates is shown in FIG. 3 (a).

  In the illustrated embodiment, the hemispherical convex body 10b is provided, but this shape is not questioned, and a part of the inner surface of the plate-like body 10a is subjected to a strong pulverization process in which the surface roughness is rougher than other surface portions. You may leave it as a surface.

Transport Flow Accepting Mechanism The transport flow receiving mechanism 12 is configured as a so-called throttle path in which the upstream side is connected to the interplate-like space S and the downstream side is connected to the classification mechanism 13.
Accordingly, the crushed object X is received and sent to the classification mechanism 13 in a state where the crushed object X is conveyed in the pulverized object conveyance flow F in response to a predetermined pulverization operation in the interplate-like space S.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the conveyance flow inflow mechanism 11 and the conveyance flow receiving mechanism 12 are arranged on a straight line, thereby ensuring the straightness of the pulverized object conveyance flow F. , Ensuring the occurrence of surface crushing.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the angle of the injection port o of the raw material supply jet nozzle Ngx is approximately 90 degrees with respect to the extending direction of the injection port o and the inlet end side Sa of the inter-plate space S.

  When the pulverization target object X is pulverized by the pulverization apparatus 100, the high pressure gas G is continuously fed from the high pressure gas supply source to the raw material supply jet nozzle Ngx. As such a high-pressure gas G, various inert gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide can be used, but compressed air is generally used as the high-pressure gas G. In addition, as a supply source of the high pressure gas G, the compressed air stored in the cylinder may be discharged, or the compressed air may be continuously supplied using a gas compression device such as a compressor.

The value of the pressure of the high-pressure gas G (unit: MPa: megapascal) is not particularly limited, but usually,
1.2 MPa ≧ P ≧ 0.6 MPa
Use a value of degree.
As the pulverized product X, a resin was used.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above embodiment, the hemispherical convex body 10b is provided on the inner surface of the plate-like body 10a that forms the space S between the plate-like bodies. Therefore, the convex body 10b is not provided, and a plate-like body may be constituted by a flat plate, or a slightly corrugated cross-sectional board may be used. This configuration example is schematically shown in FIG.

Furthermore, when providing the convex-shaped body 10b, as demonstrated previously, it can be set not only in zigzag form but arbitrary arrangement | positioning. Zones in which the convex bodies 10b are provided and zones in which the convex bodies 10b are not provided may be alternately provided in the flow direction of the pulverized object transport flow F.
By adopting such a configuration in which they are alternately provided, it is possible to alternately cause a pulverization state such that the object X to be crushed is rubbed on the inner surface and then accelerated to a conveying flow.

(2) As described above, the inner surface of the plate-like body on the side between the plate-like bodies S may be a rough surface to a predetermined extent, and is preferably a partially rough surface. By adopting a configuration in which a rough surface and a smooth surface appear alternately in the flow direction of the object to be crushed, the state of pulverization such that the object to be crushed X is rubbed on the inner surface and then accelerated to the carrier flow alternately It can also be awakened.

(3) In the above embodiment, the example in which the pair of plate-like bodies are set to the same gap in the flow direction of the object to be crushed has been shown. The interval may be reduced.
Thus, by further reducing the gap toward the downstream side, it is possible to promote further pulverization of particles that have undergone surface pulverization on the upstream side and that have practically become smaller in particle size.

(4) Further, the gap interval formed between the plate-like bodies may be adjustable.

(5) In the above embodiment, the plurality of raw material supply jet nozzles Ngx are arranged in parallel in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction (spout direction) of the pulverized object conveyance flow F in the conveyance flow inflow mechanism 11. Although the jetting positions in the flow direction and the jetting part positions in the flow direction are made to coincide with each other, the jetting direction may be changed little by little or the position may be shifted so that the jet flow from the jet nozzle causes interference.

(6) Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which only the raw material supply jet nozzle is provided has been described, but only a jet nozzle that does not involve raw material conveyance may be additionally provided.

(7) In addition, a nozzle operating mechanism such as an on-off valve is provided on the base end side of a plurality of jet nozzles so that a state in which all the jet nozzles work and a state in which only some of the jet nozzles work can be switched. This is also effective for dealing with various crushed objects X.

(8) Regardless of the suction supply to the high-pressure gas path, the supply form of the material to be pulverized may be any part as long as the conveyance flow flows into the inter-plate body space S provided in the pulverization chamber. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Crushing chamber 10a Plate-shaped body 10b Convex-shaped body 11 Conveyance flow inflow mechanism 12 Conveyance flow receiving mechanism 13 Classification mechanism 15 Raw material supply path 16 Return path 100 Grinding apparatus d Particle size D of crushed object before pulverization processing Both plate-shaped bodies Gap distance D1 formed between the flow direction D2 D1 of the conveying flow of the object to be crushed and the direction G perpendicular to the gap G High pressure gas Ngx Raw material supply jet nozzle S Space between plate bodies X Ground object Xa Fine particles Xb Coarse particles

Claims (7)

A pulverization apparatus comprising a pulverization chamber into which a jet flow as a pulverization target conveyance flow is jetted from a jet nozzle, and pulverizes a pulverization target to be introduced into the chamber in the pulverization chamber,
A space between the plate-like bodies formed between the plate-like bodies forming a pair is provided in the crushing chamber,
A transport flow inflow mechanism that includes the jet nozzle and allows the pulverized object transport flow to flow into the inter-plate body space is provided on one side of the inter-plate body space,
A conveyance flow receiving mechanism for receiving the pulverized object conveyance flow flowing out from the space between the plate-like bodies is provided, and the pulverized object after pulverization processing is classified from the pulverized object conveyance flow received by the conveyance flow receiving mechanism. A crusher equipped with a classification mechanism. The plate-like body is a flat plate;
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the space between the plate-like bodies is formed between flat plates arranged in parallel. The plate-like body is a flat plate;
The space between the plate-like bodies is between narrowed and arranged flat plates that become smaller from the carrier flow inflow mechanism side toward the carrier flow receiving mechanism side with respect to the cross-sectional area of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the grinding object conveyance flow. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, which is formed.   The pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a plurality of convex bodies on the space between the plate bodies.   The grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the transport flow inflow mechanism and the transport flow receiving mechanism are arranged in a straight line.   A plurality of jet nozzles are provided in the transport flow inflow mechanism, and a plurality of jet nozzles are dispersedly arranged in a direction in which the space between the plate-like bodies spreads with respect to a cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crushed object transport flow. Item 6. The grinding apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 5.   The pulverization according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein d / D is in the range of 0.005 to 0.1, where d is the particle size of the object to be pulverized, and D is the gap between the plate-like bodies. apparatus.

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