JP2017172729A - Brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a service life of a brake lining of a brake device.SOLUTION: A brake device 100 includes a brake body 10, and a first supporting pin 21 disposed on a supporting frame 20 mounted on a carriage to support the brake body 10. The brake body 10 has a first caliper arm 12, a second caliper arm 14, a yoke portion 13 connecting the first caliper arm 12 and the second caliper arm 14, and a bearing holder 15 disposed on the yoke portion 13 and accommodating a spherical bearing 24 to which the first supporting pin 21 is inserted. A holder center O1 of the bearing holder 15 in an axial direction of the first supporting pin 21 is shifted to a first caliper arm 12 side from a width center O2 of a wheel 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a brake device.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a support frame that is fixed to a carriage of a railway vehicle, a caliper brake body that is slidably supported in the axial direction of the support pin by two support pins with respect to the support frame, and a caliper brake body. There is disclosed a caliper brake device for a railway vehicle that includes two arms that are provided on the vehicle and sandwiches the wheels of the vehicle, a cylinder that is provided in the first arm, and a brake that is held by the two arms. .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-226467

  In a floating brake device such as the brake device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the first and second caliper arms of the brake body are provided so as to straddle the wheels, and a pressing portion that advances and retracts the brake lining only in one caliper arm Is provided.

  For this reason, in the brake device described above, the weight balance of the brake body is biased toward the first caliper arm due to the weight of the pressing portion. Therefore, there is a possibility that the first caliper arm side moves downward and the brake body tilts, and the brake lining attached to the second caliper arm comes into contact with the brake disc and is unevenly worn.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to improve the life of the brake lining of the brake device.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a brake device, and a brake body that supports first and second brake linings that are capable of applying frictional force by slidingly contacting the brake disk from both sides of the brake disk, and a support that is attached to the vehicle body or the carriage. A support pin that is provided on the frame and extends in parallel with the rotation axis of the wheel and supports the brake body so as to be movable in the axial direction, and presses the first brake lining against the brake disk and the brake body in the axial direction of the support pin And a pressing portion that presses the second brake lining against the brake disc, and the brake body supports the first brake line and is provided with a first caliper arm and a second brake lining. A second caliper arm to be supported, and a yaw connecting the first caliper arm and the second caliper arm. And a bearing holder that is provided in the yoke portion and accommodates a spherical bearing through which the support pin is inserted, and is supported by the support pin via the spherical bearing, and the center of the bearing holder in the axial direction of the support pin is The wheel is shifted from the center of the wheel width toward the first caliper arm.

  In the first invention, the distance between the first caliper arm and the bearing holder is shortened by providing the bearing holder while being shifted from the center of the wheel width toward the first caliper arm. For this reason, the spherical bearing accommodated in the bearing holder can be disposed away from the second caliper arm and close to the first caliper arm. As a result, the distance between the spherical bearing and the second caliper arm can be increased as compared with the case where the center of the bearing holder and the width center of the wheel substantially coincide. Therefore, since the moment arm becomes longer, the moment for moving the second caliper arm side downward increases and cancels out the moment for moving the first caliper arm side downward, so that the inclination of the brake body is reduced.

  The second invention is characterized in that the spherical bearing is arranged closer to the first caliper arm than the center of the width of the wheel.

  According to the second invention, since the distance between the spherical bearing and the first caliper arm is shortened and the moment for moving the first caliper arm downward is further reduced, the tilt of the brake body is more reliably suppressed. Is done.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the lifetime of the brake lining of a brake device can be improved.

1 is a plan view of a brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a brake device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing along the AA in FIG. 1, and is the figure which showed the 1st support pin periphery.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, a configuration of a brake device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The brake device 100 is a floating pneumatic brake for railway vehicles that uses compressed air as a working fluid. Instead of compressed air, other working fluid such as hydraulic oil may be used.

  The brake device 100 applies a frictional force to the brake disc 2 that rotates together with the wheels 1. Specifically, the brake device 100 applies friction force to the brake disc 2 by the first and second brake linings 3 and 4 that can apply friction force by sliding contact with the brake disc from both sides of the brake disc 2, The rotation of the wheel 1 is braked.

  The brake disc 2 is formed on both the front and back surfaces of the wheel 1 and rotates integrally with the wheel 1. Instead of the configuration in which the brake disk 2 is formed integrally with the wheel 1, a separate brake disk 2 that rotates together with the wheel 1 may be provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the brake device 100 includes a brake body 10 having first and second caliper arms 12 and 14 that respectively support first and second brake linings 3 and 4 via a guide plate 5. And first and second support pins 21 and 22 provided on a support frame 20 attached to a carriage (not shown) and movably supporting the brake body 10 in the axial direction, and a guide supported by the first brake lining 3. A pair of anchor pins 33 that support the plate 5 so as to be able to advance and retreat on the brake body 10 and a pressing portion 35 that presses the first and second brake linings 3 and 4 against the brake disc 2 by the pressure of compressed air are provided.

  The brake body 10 is supported by the carriage via the support frame 20 when the brake device 100 is applied to a railway vehicle. The brake body 10 is supported by a vehicle body (not shown) when the brake device 100 is applied to a vehicle other than a railway vehicle.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the brake body 10 includes a first caliper arm 12 having one end supporting the first brake line 3 and a pressing portion 35, and a second brake lining 4 at one end. A second caliper arm 14 to be supported, a yoke portion 13 connecting the other end portion of the first caliper arm 12 and the other end portion of the second caliper arm 14, and a spherical bearing 24 through which the first support pin 21 is inserted are accommodated. And a bearing holder 15 provided to be connected to the yoke portion 13.

  The first caliper arm 12 and the second caliper arm 14 extend so as to straddle the brake disc 2.

  The bearing holder 15 has a width center (hereinafter referred to as “holder center”) O1 in the axial direction of the first support pin 21 (left and right direction in FIGS. 1 and 3) O1 first than the width center O2 of the wheel 1. It is provided so as to be shifted to the caliper arm 12 side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 3). That is, the bearing holder 15 is arranged at a position shifted to the first caliper arm 12 side from the width center O2 of the wheel 1 and connected to the yoke portion 13.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bearing holder 15 is formed with an insertion hole 15 a through which the first support pin 21 is inserted. Inside the insertion hole 15a of the bearing holder 15, a spherical bearing 24 through which the first support pin 21 is inserted, and the first support pin 21 provided on both axial sides of the spherical bearing 24 in the insertion hole 15a are slidable. A pair of supporting rubber bushes 27 and 28 are accommodated.

  The spherical bearing 24 is disposed closer to the first caliper arm 12 than the holder center O1 of the bearing holder 15. More specifically, the spherical bearing 24 is provided on the first caliper arm 12 side, which is the left side in FIG. 3, of the two rubber bushes 27 and 28 so as to be as close to the first caliper arm 12 as possible. Adjacent to the bush 27 is provided.

  The spherical bearing 24 has an outer ring 25 having an outer peripheral surface 25a fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 15a and an inner peripheral surface 25b formed in a spherical shape, and the inner periphery of the outer ring 25 through which the first support pin 21 is inserted. And an inner ring 26 having an outer peripheral surface 26a that is formed in a shape corresponding to the surface 25b and is slidably fitted to the inner peripheral surface 25b. That is, the outer ring 25 and the inner ring 26 have bearing surfaces that are slidably fitted to each other, and engage with each other so as to be tiltable (relatively rotatable).

  Thereby, the spherical bearing 24 supports the brake body 10 to be tiltable with respect to the first support pin 21 and supports the first support pin 21 so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the first support pin 21 (the rotation axis direction of the wheel 1). . That is, by supporting the bearing holder 15 via the spherical bearing 24, the entire brake body 10 is floating supported so as to be movable in the axial direction of the first support pin 21.

  Although not shown, the second support pin 22 is inserted through an insertion hole formed in the bearing holder 15 and is slidably supported by a rubber bush provided in the insertion hole. Thus, since the 2nd support pin 22 is supported by rubber-made bushes, tilting of the 1st support pin 21 is not inhibited. In the present embodiment, the first support pin 21 is supported by the spherical bearing 24, and the second support pin 22 is not supported by the spherical bearing 24, but is supported only by the rubber bush. Alternatively, the second support pin 22 may be supported by the spherical bearing 24, and the first support pin 21 may be supported only by the rubber bush without being supported by the spherical bearing 24.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, both end portions of the first support pin 21 are connected to first and second bracket portions 20 a and 20 b formed integrally with the support frame 20, respectively. The first support pin 21 is provided so that the central axis is substantially parallel to the rotation axis of the wheel 1.

  The exposed portion of the first support pin 21 is covered with a rubber boot 23 and protected from dust and the like. Except for FIG. 1, illustration of the boot 23 is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the first and second brake linings 3 and 4 include back plate portions 3a and 4a fixed to the guide plate 5, and friction members 3b and 4b that come into contact with the brake disc 2 during braking. Have. The friction members 3b and 4b are composed of a plurality of segments, and are fixed to the surfaces of the back plate portions 3a and 4a. The first and second brake linings 3 and 4 brake the rotation of the wheel 1 by the frictional force generated by the contact between the friction members 3 b and 4 b and the brake disk 2.

  The first and second brake linings 3 and 4 are opposed to the brake disc 2 with a predetermined interval (state shown in FIG. 1) when not braking. During braking, the first and second brake linings 3 and 4 are each moved toward the brake disc 2 under the pressing force of the pressing portion 35 and are pressed against the brake disc 2 in parallel.

  The guide plate 5 has a dovetail groove 5 a formed along the longitudinal direction and engaged with the back plate portion 3 a of the first brake lining 3. Both ends of the guide plate 5 in the longitudinal direction are supported by the brake body 10 by a pair of anchor pins 33. One anchor pin 33 rotatably supports one end (upper end in FIG. 2) of the guide plate 5 on the brake body 10, and the other anchor pin 33 supports the other end (lower end in FIG. 2) of the guide plate 5 on the brake body. 10 is locked.

  The first caliper arm 12 of the brake main body 10 includes a pair of adjusters 30 disposed at both ends in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) and a pressing portion 35 disposed between the pair of adjusters 30. Provided.

  The adjuster 30 adjusts the relative position of the first brake lining 3 with respect to the brake disc 2 to be constant when the brake is released. The adjusters 30 are fastened to the upper and lower ends of the brake body 10 by anchor bolts 32, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the adjuster 30 is provided with a lining receiver 31 fixed to the brake body 10 by an anchor bolt 32, and is provided so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the lining receiver 31, and supports the first brake lining 3 on the brake body 10. The anchor pin 33 to be actuated, a return spring (not shown) for urging the first brake lining 3 away from the brake disc 2, and the clearance between the first brake lining 3 and the brake disc 2 is adjusted to be constant when the brake is released. A gap adjusting mechanism (not shown).

  When the first brake lining 3 is close to the brake disc 2, the anchor pin 33 is pulled out from the lining receiver 31 by the guide plate 5 that is displaced together with the first brake lining 3 and is displaced in the axial direction. The anchor pin 33 resists the brake disc 2 from moving the first brake lining 3 in the circumferential direction by frictional force during braking when the first brake lining 3 is in sliding contact with the brake disc 2. 3 is held. A return spring and a gap adjusting mechanism are accommodated on the inner periphery of the anchor pin 33.

  The return spring is a coil spring that is compressed and interposed on the inner periphery of the anchor pin 33. When the brake device 100 changes from the braking state to the non-braking state, the anchor pin 33 pushes back the first brake lining 3 via the guide plate 5 by the biasing force of the return spring, and the first brake lining 3 is removed from the brake disc 2 by a predetermined amount. Are separated by a distance of. Thereby, the distance of the 1st brake lining 3 and the brake disc 2 at the time of brake cancellation | release can be adjusted, and the heat dissipation of the brake disc 2 can be made favorable.

  The clearance adjustment mechanism adjusts the return amount of the first brake lining 3 to be constant by the urging force of the return spring when braking is released. That is, the gap adjusting mechanism always keeps the distance between the first brake lining 3 and the brake disc 2 during non-braking.

  As long as the wear amount of the first brake lining 3 is small and the stroke amount of the anchor pin 33 at the time of braking is small, the anchor pin 33 returns to the original position before braking when the brake is released.

  On the other hand, when the wear of the first brake lining 3 progresses and the amount of movement of the anchor pin 33 during braking increases, the position of the first brake lining 3 when the clearance adjustment mechanism is not braked during braking is released. Is advanced by the worn thickness. Thereby, the space | interval of the 1st brake lining 3 and the brake disc 2 at the time of non-braking can be always kept constant.

  The pressing portion 35 presses the first brake lining 3 against the brake disc 2 by the pressure of the compressed air and moves the brake body 10 in the axial direction of the first support pin 21 by the reaction force to brake the second brake lining 4. Press against the disc 2.

  The pressing part 35 can have any configuration as long as it presses the first and second brake linings 3, 4 against the brake disk 2. For this reason, although detailed description of the press part 35 is abbreviate | omitted, for example, the press part 35 deform | transforms a diaphragm by adjusting the air pressure in the pressure chamber provided inside, and makes a piston retract from a cylinder by the deformation | transformation of a diaphragm. . Thus, the pressing portion 35 presses the first brake lining 3 toward the brake disk 2 via the guide plate 5 in the right direction in FIG. 1, and the reaction force causes the brake body 10 to move in the left direction in FIG. 1. Then, the second brake lining 4 is pulled toward the brake disc 2. In this way, the brake disc 2 is sandwiched between the first and second brake linings 3 and 4, and a frictional force as a braking force is exhibited.

  Next, the operation of the brake device 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the brake device 100, the first support pin 21 is supported by the spherical bearing 24, so that the brake body 10 tilts during braking even when the surface vibration of the brake disk 2 occurs, and the first and first The two brake linings 3 and 4 can follow the brake disc 2.

  The brake device 100 is a floating type brake in which a pressing portion 35 that presses the first and second brake linings 3 and 4 against the brake disc 2 is provided only on the first caliper arm 12 and is not provided on the second caliper arm 14. Device. For this reason, the weight balance of the brake body 10 with respect to the width center O2 of the wheel 1 is biased so that the first caliper arm 12 side becomes heavy. That is, the weight (hereinafter referred to as “first weight”) W1 of the first caliper arm 12 including the pressing portion 35 is greater than the weight (hereinafter referred to as “second weight”) W2 of the second caliper arm 14. Is also big.

  The weight of the brake body 10 acts on the spherical bearing 24 via the bearing holder 15. Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG. 3, the brake body 10 has a first moment for tilting the brake body 10 so that the first caliper arm 12 moves downward with the spherical bearing 24 as a fulcrum, and a second caliper. A second moment that tilts the brake body 10 so that the arm 14 moves downward acts.

  The magnitude of the first moment is the distance along the axial direction of the first support pin 21 between the first weight W1 and the gravity center position P1 of the first caliper arm 12 including the pressing portion 35 and the spherical bearing 24. It is obtained by multiplying the length of the moment arm (hereinafter referred to as “first arm length”) L1. The magnitude of the second moment is the length of the moment arm (hereinafter referred to as “second moment”), which is the distance along the axial direction between the second weight W2 and the gravity center position P2 of the second caliper arm 14 and the spherical bearing 24. It is called "arm length".) It is obtained by multiplying by L2. For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 3, the center of gravity positions P1 and P2 of the first caliper arm 12 and the second caliper arm 14 are schematically shown by alternate long and short dash lines.

  Here, in general, the bearing holder 15 is provided such that the holder center O <b> 1 substantially coincides with the width center O <b> 2 of the wheel 1. On the other hand, in the brake device 100, the bearing holder 15 is provided so as to be shifted from the width center O2 of the wheel 1 toward the first caliper arm 12, so that the distance between the first caliper arm 12 and the bearing holder 15 is shortened. For this reason, the spherical bearing 24 accommodated in the bearing holder 15 is kept away from the second caliper arm 14 as compared with the case where the bearing holder 15 is provided so that the holder center O1 and the width center O2 of the wheel 1 substantially coincide. The first caliper arm 12 can be arranged closer to the first caliper arm 12. Thereby, compared with the case where the holder center O1 of the bearing holder 15 and the width center O2 of the wheel 1 substantially coincide, the first arm length L1 can be shortened and the second arm length L2 can be lengthened. . For this reason, the difference between the first moment and the second moment is reduced. Therefore, even when the first weight W1 is larger than the second weight W2, the inclination of the brake body 10 is suppressed, and the contact of the second brake lining 4 with the brake disk 2 during non-braking is prevented.

  In the brake device 100, the spherical bearing 24 is disposed closer to the first caliper arm 12 (on the first bracket portion 20a side) than the width center O1 of the wheel 1, and is disposed closer to the first caliper arm 12. The first arm length L1 is shortened and the first moment is further reduced.

  According to the above embodiment, there exist the effects shown below.

  In the brake device 100, the bearing holder 15 is provided so as to be shifted from the width center O2 of the wheel 1 to the first caliper arm 12 side. For this reason, compared with the case where the bearing holder 15 is provided so that the holder center O1 and the width center O2 of the wheel 1 substantially coincide with each other, the spherical bearing 24 accommodated in the bearing holder 15 is located with respect to the first caliper arm 12. Can be placed closer together. Thereby, the first arm length L1 can be shortened and the second arm length L2 can be lengthened, and the difference between the first moment and the second moment can be reduced. Therefore, even when the first weight W1 is larger than the second weight W2, the inclination of the brake body 10 is suppressed, and the contact of the second brake lining 4 with the brake disk 2 during non-braking is prevented. Therefore, the lifetime of the second brake lining 4 can be improved.

  Further, in the brake device 100, the spherical bearing 24 is disposed closer to the first caliper arm 12 (on the first bracket portion 20 a side) than the holder center O <b> 1 of the bearing holder 15, and is disposed closer to the first caliper arm 12. . For this reason, the first arm length L1 is shortened, and the first moment is reliably reduced.

  Hereinafter, the configuration, operation, and effect of the embodiment of the present invention will be described together.

  A brake device 100 that applies frictional force to the brake disc 2 that rotates together with the wheel 1 supports the first and second brake linings 3 and 4 that can apply frictional force by slidingly contacting the brake disc 2 from both sides of the brake disc 2. A brake body 10 that is mounted on the carriage, a first support pin 21 that is provided on a support frame 20 that is attached to the carriage and that has a central axis extending parallel to the rotation axis of the wheel 1 and that supports the brake body 10 so as to be movable in the axial direction. And a pressing portion 35 that presses the first brake lining 3 against the brake disc 2 and moves the brake body 10 in the axial direction of the first support pin 21 to press the second brake lining 4 against the brake disc 2. 10 is a first caliper arm 12 that supports the first brake wiring 3 and is provided with a pressing portion 35; A second caliper arm 14 that supports the brake lining 4, a yoke portion 13 that connects the first caliper arm 12 and the second caliper arm 14, and a spherical bearing 24 that is provided in the yoke portion 13 and through which the first support pin 21 is inserted. And a bearing holder 15 supported by the first support pin via the spherical bearing 24, and the holder center O <b> 1 of the bearing holder 15 in the axial direction of the first support pin 21 is the width center of the wheel 1. It is shifted from O2 to the first caliper arm 12 side.

  In this configuration, the distance between the first caliper arm 12 and the bearing holder 15 is shortened by disposing the bearing holder 15 from the width center O2 of the wheel 1 toward the first caliper arm 12 side. For this reason, the spherical bearing 24 accommodated in the bearing holder 15 can be disposed away from the second caliper arm 14 and close to the first caliper arm 12. Thereby, compared with the case where the holder center O1 of the bearing holder 15 and the width center O2 of the wheel 1 substantially coincide, the distance between the spherical bearing 24 and the second caliper arm 14 can be increased. Therefore, the second moment that moves the second caliper arm 14 side downward increases as the moment arm becomes longer, and cancels out with the first moment that moves the first caliper arm 12 side downward. Tilt is reduced.

  In the brake device 100, the spherical bearing 24 is disposed on the first caliper arm 12 side with respect to the width center O <b> 1 of the wheel 1.

  According to this configuration, since the first arm length is shortened and the first moment is further reduced, the inclination of the brake body 10 is more reliably suppressed. Therefore, the lifetime of the second brake lining 4 can be further improved.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the above embodiment only shows a part of application examples of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is limited to the specific configuration of the above embodiment. Absent.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wheel, 2 ... Brake disc, 3 ... 1st brake lining, 4 ... 2nd brake lining, 10 ... Brake main body, 12 ... 1st caliper arm, 13 ... Yoke part, 14 ... 2nd caliper arm, 15 ... Bearing Holder: 20 ... support frame, 21 ... first support pin (support pin), 22 ... second support pin (support pin), 24 ... spherical bearing, 35 ... pressing part, 100 ... brake device, O1 ... center of bearing holder , O2 ... Wheel width center

Claims (2)

A brake device that applies frictional force to a brake disk that rotates with a wheel,
A brake body that supports the first and second brake linings capable of applying frictional force by sliding contact with the brake disk from both sides of the brake disk;
A support pin that is provided on a support frame attached to a vehicle body or a carriage and has a central axis extending in parallel with the rotation axis of the wheel and supporting the brake body movably in the axial direction;
A pressing portion that presses the first brake lining against the brake disc and moves the brake body in the axial direction of the support pin to press the second brake lining against the brake disc;
The brake body is
A first caliper arm that supports the first brake line and is provided with the pressing portion;
A second caliper arm that supports the second brake lining;
A yoke portion connecting the first caliper arm and the second caliper arm;
A spherical bearing that is provided in the yoke portion and through which the support pin is inserted, and a bearing holder that is supported by the support pin via the spherical bearing;
The brake device according to claim 1, wherein a center of the bearing holder in an axial direction of the support pin is deviated from a width center of the wheel toward the first caliper arm.   2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the spherical bearing is disposed so as to be shifted toward the first caliper arm with respect to the width center of the wheel.

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