JP2017165608A - Laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laminated glass with reduced perspective distortion occurring near a shielding layer.SOLUTION: The laminated glass according to one aspect of the present invention comprises: a curved outer glass plate; a curved inner glass plate; an intermediate film that joins a second face of the outer glass plate and a third face of the inner glass plate to each other; a first shielding layer which is laminated along the periphery of the second face of the outer glass plate, and which is constituted of a ceramic having a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the outer glass plate and having a higher heat absorptivity than the outer glass plate ; and a second shielding layer which is laminated along the periphery of a fourth face of the inner glass plate so as to correspond to the laminated position of the first shielding layer, and which is constituted of a ceramic having a coefficient of thermal expansion that is different from that of the inner glass plate and having a higher heat absorptivity than the inner glass plate, a deformed portion being formed by each of the shielding layers in the vicinity of the periphery of the shielding layer in each glass plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to laminated glass.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, an outer glass plate having a convex first surface and a concave second surface and an inner glass plate having a convex third surface and a concave fourth surface are interposed via an intermediate film. Laminated glass bonded to each other has been proposed. In such a laminated glass, generally, a shielding layer made of ceramic is formed only on the fourth surface of the inner glass plate.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-024929

  As exemplified in Patent Document 1, the inventors of the present invention have the following problems when forming a laminated glass when a shielding layer made of ceramic is formed only on the fourth surface of the inner glass plate. I found. Hereinafter, the problems found by the present inventors will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the state of the glass plate 900 before forming. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the state of the glass plate 900 during heat forming. FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the state of the glass plate 900 during slow cooling. FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the laminated glass 9 using the glass plate 900 after molding.

  First, as illustrated in FIG. 1, in order to configure the shielding layer 901, before forming the windshield into a curved shape, black or the like is formed on the peripheral portion of the surface of the flat glass plate 900 that becomes concave by molding. The dark ceramic is laminated. The laminated ceramic is heated together with the glass plate 900 to form the shielding layer 901 when the glass plate 900 is bent by a self-weight bending method, a pressing method, or the like.

  Here, the ceramic constituting the shielding layer 901 generally has a higher heat absorption rate than the glass plate 900. Therefore, while the glass plate 900 is heated for bending, the ceramic becomes higher in temperature than the glass plate 900, and the region where the ceramic is laminated is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the design value.

  As a result, the viscosity of the glass in the region where the ceramics are laminated is reduced. As a result, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the region where the ceramics are stacked (the region where the shielding layer 901 is formed) is bent more than the designed shape 902. This remarkably occurs when the glass plate 900 is formed by so-called self-weight bending.

  Next, after the bending by heating is completed, the glass plate 900 is gradually cooled. In the slow cooling step, when the expansion coefficient of the ceramic constituting the shielding layer 901 and the expansion coefficient of the glass plate 900 are different, the shrinkage amount is different between the shielding layer 901 and the glass plate 900. For example, when the ceramic constituting the shielding layer 901 has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the glass plate 900, during the slow cooling process, during the cooling from the glass transition point and the softening point of the ceramic to room temperature, Ceramic shrinks more than the glass plate 900.

  As a result, the glass plate 900 receives compressive stress from the ceramic due to shrinkage of the ceramic in the ceramic laminated region. At the same time, due to the shrinkage of the ceramic, the glass plate 900 is subjected to tensile stress at the periphery of the laminated region of the ceramic, particularly at the boundary surface. Due to this compressive stress and tensile stress, the vicinity region 9001 of the shielding layer 901 in the glass plate 900 is lifted in the direction of arrow S as illustrated in FIG.

  As described above, when the vicinity region 9001 is bent in the direction of the arrow S when it is greatly bent by heating during bending and is slowly cooled, the region around the shielding layer 901 in the glass plate 900 is as shown in FIG. As illustrated in FIG. When laminated glass is formed using this glass plate 900 and a glass plate not provided with a shielding layer, the parallelism of both glass plates cannot be ensured at the portion where this S-shaped deformation occurs, resulting in large perspective distortion. End up. That is, the scenery seen through the portion where the S-shaped deformation has occurred is greatly distorted.

  Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the glass plate 900 is an inner glass plate, the glass plate 903 without a shielding layer is an outer glass plate, and both glass plates (900, 903) are made of resin. It is assumed that the laminated glass 9 is formed by bonding with an intermediate film (not shown). In this case, the parallelism between the glass plates (900, 903) cannot be ensured in the portion where the S-shaped deformation of the glass plate 900 has occurred, particularly in the vicinity of the boundary of the shielding layer 901. Due to the difference in shape, a convex deformed portion 904 is generated.

  The convex deformed portion 904 gathers the intermediate film sandwiched and pressed between the two glass plates (900, 903) to fill the gap. Therefore, in the deformed portion 904, the thickness of the intermediate film is increased, and this causes the deformed portion 904 to act like a convex lens. If it does so, the scenery seen through the deformation | transformation part 904 will be large distorted by the effect | action of this convex lens. For these reasons, the present inventors have found that when a shielding layer made of ceramic is formed only on the fourth surface of the inner glass plate, there arises a problem that large perspective distortion occurs in the vicinity of the shielding layer.

  In one aspect, the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of a shielding layer.

  The present invention employs the following configuration in order to solve the above-described problems.

  That is, the laminated glass according to one aspect of the present invention has an outer glass plate that has a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is convex, and the second surface is concave, and the third surface. And an inner glass plate that is curved so that the third surface is convex and the fourth surface is concave, and the outer glass plate is disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. An intermediate film for bonding two surfaces and the third surface of the inner glass plate to each other, and a first shielding layer laminated along a peripheral edge of the second surface of the outer glass plate, which is different from the outer glass plate Corresponding to the position where the first shielding layer is laminated with the first shielding layer having a thermal expansion coefficient and a heat absorption rate higher than that of the outer glass plate, the fourth surface of the inner glass plate corresponds to the position where the first shielding layer is laminated. A second shielding layer laminated along a peripheral edge, wherein the inner glass plate A second shielding layer made of ceramic having a different coefficient of thermal expansion and a higher heat absorption rate than the inner glass plate, and in the vicinity of the periphery of the first shielding layer of the outer glass plate, An outer plate deformation portion that is convex on the second surface side is formed, and an inner plate deformation portion that is convex on the fourth surface side is formed in the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion of the second shielding layer of the inner glass plate. .

  In the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure, a shielding layer is formed in both an outer side glass plate and an inner side glass plate, respectively. Specifically, a 1st shielding layer is laminated | stacked along the peripheral part of the 2nd surface used as the concave of an outer side glass plate. A 2nd shielding layer is laminated | stacked along the peripheral part of the 4th surface used as the concave of an inner side glass plate.

  Moreover, a 1st shielding layer is comprised with the ceramic which has a thermal expansion coefficient different from an outer side glass plate, and a heat absorption rate higher than an outer side glass plate. Similarly, a 2nd shielding layer is comprised with the ceramic which has a thermal expansion coefficient different from an inner side glass plate, and a heat absorption rate higher than an inner side glass plate. Therefore, in each glass plate, the deformed portions (outer plate deformed portion and inner plate deformed portion) as described above are formed near the periphery of each shield layer due to the respective shield layers.

  Here, since the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are provided at positions corresponding to each other, the positions where the outer plate deformation portion and the inner plate deformation portion are generated overlap. Therefore, in the region where both deformed portions occur, both glass plates are parallel or close to each other, whereby the distance between both glass plates can be kept substantially constant, and the thickness of the intermediate film sandwiched between both glass plates Can be prevented from changing greatly.

  Therefore, according to this configuration, it is possible to suppress the generation of a region that exhibits a lens action due to a change in the thickness of the intermediate film in the vicinity of each shielding layer. Can be reduced. The perspective distortion is a phenomenon in which the scenery seen through the glass is distorted.

  The perspective distortion will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the perspective distortion generated in the laminated glass 1000. A laminated glass 1000 illustrated in FIG. 20 includes an outer glass plate 1001 and an inner glass plate 1002, and an intermediate film 1003 is disposed between the two glass plates (1001, 1002). Since the outer glass plate 1001 and the intermediate film 1003 and the inner glass plate 1002 and the intermediate film 1003 are in close contact with each other and there is almost no difference in refractive index, light refraction hardly occurs at these interfaces, and the light travels almost straight. Further, in the single outer glass plate 1001 or the single inner glass plate 1002, irregular irregularities on the front surface and the back surface usually correspond, so that image distortion is suppressed. However, since the outer glass plate 1001 and the inner glass plate 1002 are different glass plates, the irregularities generated on the surfaces of the glass plates (1001, 1002) are not necessarily coincident, and it is natural that their positions are shifted. is there. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20, basically, the unevenness on the vehicle outer surface of the outer glass plate 1001 is different from the unevenness on the vehicle inner surface of the inner glass plate 1002. As a result, the light incident from the outer surface of the outer glass plate 1001 is refracted and travels straight inside the outer glass plate 1001, the intermediate film 1003, and the inner glass plate 1002, and the inner surface of the inner glass plate 1002 Refract further. Therefore, the incident light and the outgoing light are not parallel to each other and are at different angles. Due to this, an image generated by light incident through the laminated glass 1000 is distorted. The distortion of the image generated at this time is the perspective distortion.

  Further, as another form of the laminated glass according to the above configuration, a plurality of photographing windows respectively corresponding to the plurality of photographing devices are provided so that each of the plurality of photographing devices of the stereo camera can photograph through the laminated glass. Also good. According to the said structure, the perspective distortion which arises in the peripheral part of an imaging | photography window for said reason can be reduced. Therefore, a laminated glass having a photographing window suitable for photographing with a stereo camera can be provided.

  21 and 22, it will be described that it is desired to reduce the perspective distortion as much as possible in a scene where a stereo camera is used. FIG. 21 schematically illustrates a shooting situation of a stereo camera. FIG. 22 schematically illustrates the relationship between the lens action of laminated glass and the parallax error.

  As illustrated in FIG. 21, the relationship between the distance (baseline length) H between the two cameras of the stereo camera, the distance L from the stereo camera to the object, and the parallax θ generated with respect to the object is such that θ is a small angle. Considering this, the following equation 1 is used.

When the relational expression of Equation 1 is differentiated, Equation 2 is obtained.

The relationship between the error (Δθ) that occurs in the parallax and the error (ΔL) that occurs in the distance to the object is expressed by the following equation (3) according to the equations (1) and (2).

  Here, assuming that the distance H between the cameras is 160 mm, the distance L to the object is 10 m, and an error occurs in the parallax, an error of 1% (100 mm) occurs in the measured value of the distance L to the object. To do. That is, it is assumed that ΔL = 100 mm. In this case, by substituting each value into the relational expression of Equation 3, it can be seen that the error Δθ generated in the parallax is −0.16 mrad. That is, it can be seen that if the measurement value error for an object at a distance of 10 m is to be suppressed to 1%, the absolute value of the parallax error must be suppressed to within 0.16 mrad.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 22, it is assumed that a convex lens portion 1100 having a width W exists in the photographing window of the laminated glass. When the focal length of the convex lens portion 1100 is f, the distortion of the light beam due to the lens action of the convex lens portion 1100 becomes the maximum value K at the end of the lens portion, and the relational expression between the focal length f and the maximum value K is given by Indicated by

  Here, as described above, when the error of the measurement value for the object at a distance of 10 m is within 1%, the absolute value of the allowed parallax error is within 0.16 mrad. In this case, for example, when the width W of the convex lens portion 1100 is 20 mm (typical value), the focal length f of the convex lens portion 1100 is 62.5 m or more by substituting K = 0.16 mrad as shown in Equation 5 below. The lens action is allowed. Since the same calculation result is obtained even with a different sign even for a concave lens, in other words, if the absolute value of the lens power of the lens portion is 16 mdpt (millidiopter) or less, it is acceptable. The lens power is the reciprocal of the focal length f.

On the other hand, assuming that the lens action of the convex lens portion 1100 can be reduced to 10 mdpt, the maximum distortion value K can be suppressed to 0.10 mrad, and thereby an error in measurement values for an object at a distance of 10 m can be reduced to 62.5 mm. Can be suppressed.

  As described above, when using a stereo camera, it is important to reduce the perspective distortion generated in the photographing window as much as possible in order to suppress an error in the measurement value of the object. Therefore, according to the present invention, if the perspective distortion generated at the peripheral edge of the photographing window can be reduced, a laminated glass having a photographing window suitable for photographing with a stereo camera can be provided.

  Moreover, as another form of the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure, the said outer side glass plate and the said inner side glass plate may be made from a self-weight bending process. In the self-weight bending method, since bending is performed by its own weight, deformation due to the high temperature of each shielding layer during the heating is likely to occur. Therefore, in the self-weight bending method, each deformed portion is likely to be generated in the vicinity of each shielding layer, and thereby, a large perspective distortion is likely to occur. On the other hand, according to the said structure, the perspective distortion produced in the vicinity of a shielding layer can be reduced for said reason. Therefore, according to the said structure, the laminated glass made from a self-weight bending process which reduced the perspective distortion produced in the shielding layer vicinity can be provided. That is, reducing the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer according to the present invention exhibits a very beneficial effect in the case of forming laminated glass by the self-weight bending method.

In addition, when the laminated glass is bent by the self-weight bending method, a compressive residual stress of a predetermined value or more such as 15 MN / m ² or more can be generated over almost the entire circumference of the peripheral portion of the laminated glass. . This compressive residual stress tends to increase when the heating temperature at the peripheral edge is high and when the cooling rate during bending is increased. As described above, when the heating temperature of the peripheral portion is high and the cooling rate at the time of bending is increased, a deformed portion is likely to occur near the shielding layer as described above. Therefore, in a scene where a compressive residual stress of a predetermined value or more occurs, a deformed portion is likely to occur near the shielding layer. Therefore, in such a scene, reducing the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer according to the present invention exhibits a very beneficial effect.

  Moreover, as another form of the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure, the said laminated glass may be utilized as a windshield for vehicles whose attachment angle is 30 degrees or less with respect to a horizontal direction. In the said structure, since the attachment angle of a laminated glass is 30 degrees or less with respect to a horizontal direction, the shielding layer formed in a glass plate is comprised easily in a driver | operator's visual field. Therefore, if a large perspective distortion is generated in the vicinity of each shielding layer, the driver's field of view may be constantly hindered by the perspective distortion. On the other hand, according to the said structure, the perspective distortion produced in the vicinity of a shielding layer can be reduced for said reason. Therefore, even if each shielding layer enters the driver's field of view under the condition that the mounting angle with respect to the horizontal direction is 30 degrees or less, the driver can smoothly check the scenery outside the vehicle up to the vicinity of the periphery of each shielding layer. be able to. That is, reducing the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer according to the present invention exerts a very beneficial effect on the mounting condition of the laminated glass that the mounting angle with respect to the horizontal direction is 30 degrees or less.

  Moreover, the laminated glass which concerns on 1 side of this invention has the 1st surface and the 2nd surface, the outer surface glass plate curved so that the 1st surface became convex and the 2nd surface became concave, and the 3rd surface And an inner glass plate that is curved so that the third surface is convex and the fourth surface is concave, and the outer glass plate is disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. An intermediate film that joins two surfaces and the third surface of the inner glass plate to each other, and a shielding layer that is laminated along a peripheral edge of the second surface of the outer glass plate, and has a thermal expansion different from that of the outer glass plate And a shielding layer made of ceramic having a higher heat absorption rate than the outer glass plate, and the outer glass plate has a convex portion on the second surface side in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the shielding layer. An outer plate deformation portion is formed.

  In the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure, a shielding layer is formed in the 2nd surface of an outer side glass plate instead of an inner side glass plate. This shielding layer is comprised with the ceramic which has a thermal expansion coefficient different from an outer side glass plate, and a heat absorption rate higher than an outer side glass plate. Therefore, the outer plate deformation portion as described above is formed in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the shielding layer of the outer glass plate due to the shielding layer. As a result, as illustrated in FIG. 11 described later, in the vicinity of the outer plate deformed portion, the thickness of the intermediate film is reduced, and a region in which the action of the concave lens is exerted can be generated.

  On the other hand, the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are respectively curved. Therefore, in the laminated glass according to the configuration, the thickness in the viewing direction is not always constant, and perspective distortion may occur based on the curvature of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. However, the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are curved so that the first surface and the third surface are respectively convex. For this reason, the present inventors have found that the distortion caused by the curvature of both glass plates and the distortion caused by the region exhibiting the function of the concave lens cancel each other.

  Therefore, according to the configuration, since the perspective distortion caused by the outer plate deformation portion generated in the outer glass plate cancels out the perspective distortion caused by the curvature of both glass plates, the perspective distortion generated near the shielding layer can be reduced. it can.

  Moreover, the curvature radius of the area | region of the said inner side glass plate corresponding to the outer-plate deformation | transformation part by the said shielding layer in the said outer side glass plate as another form of the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure is 500-20000 mm. Preferably, it may be 1000-10000 mm, More preferably, it may be 1000-6000 mm. According to the said structure, the large perspective distortion which may arise when the curvature radius of an inner side glass plate is 500-20000 mm can be suppressed with the effect | action of the concave lens which the area | region of the outer-plate deformation | transformation part vicinity of an outer side glass plate exhibits. . Therefore, according to the configuration, it is possible to reduce the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer.

  As another form of the laminated glass according to the above configuration, the shielding layer includes a plurality of stereo cameras corresponding to each of the plurality of photographing devices so that the plurality of photographing devices of the stereo camera can photograph through the laminated glass. It may be provided with a shooting window. According to the said structure, the laminated glass which has an imaging | photography window suitable for imaging | photography with a stereo camera can be provided.

  Moreover, as another form of the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure, the said outer side glass plate and the said inner side glass plate may be made from a self-weight bending process. According to the said structure, the laminated glass made from a self-weight bending process which reduced the perspective distortion produced in the shielding layer vicinity can be provided.

  Moreover, as another form of the laminated glass which concerns on the said structure, the said laminated glass may be utilized as a windshield for vehicles whose attachment angle is 30 degrees or less with respect to a horizontal direction. According to this configuration, similarly to the above, even if each shielding layer enters the driver's field of view under the condition that the mounting angle with respect to the horizontal direction is 30 degrees or less, the driver You can check the scenery outside the car smoothly.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the technique which reduces the perspective distortion produced in the shielding layer vicinity can be provided.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the state of the glass plate before forming. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the state of the glass plate during thermoforming. FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the state of the glass plate during slow cooling. FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a laminated glass using a molded glass plate. FIG. 5 is a front view schematically illustrating the laminated glass according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the laminated glass according to the embodiment. FIG. 7 schematically illustrates the manufacturing process of the glass plate according to the embodiment. FIG. 8A schematically illustrates the shape of the laminated glass near the shielding layer when the shielding layer is provided only on the fourth surface. FIG. 8B schematically illustrates the shape near the shielding layer of the laminated glass according to the embodiment. FIG. 9 schematically illustrates the state of each deformation portion. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a laminated glass according to another embodiment. FIG. 11 schematically illustrates the shape near the shielding layer of the laminated glass according to another embodiment. FIG. 12A shows the result of measuring the first surface and the third surface of the laminated glass according to the example with a depth gauge. FIG. 12B shows the result of measuring the first surface and the third surface of the laminated glass according to the comparative example with a depth gauge. FIG. 13 shows the measurement results of the total thickness of the laminated glass according to the example and the comparative example. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the observation conditions for perspective distortion. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a distortion rate calculation method. FIG. 16 is a photograph showing the perspective distortion of a laminated glass according to an example in which a shielding layer is provided on the second surface and the fourth surface. FIG. 17 is a photograph showing the perspective distortion of the laminated glass according to the example in which the shielding layer is provided on the second surface. FIG. 18 is a photograph showing the perspective distortion of a laminated glass according to a comparative example in which a shielding layer is provided on the fourth surface. FIG. 19 is a photograph showing the perspective distortion of the laminated glass according to the reference example in which the shielding layer is not provided. FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining perspective distortion. FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the parallax of the stereo camera. FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the lens action of the laminated glass and the parallax error of the stereo camera.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to an aspect of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as “this embodiment”) will be described with reference to the drawings. However, this embodiment described below is only an illustration of the present invention in all respects. It goes without saying that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. That is, in implementing the present invention, a specific configuration according to the embodiment may be adopted as appropriate.

§1 Configuration example First, a laminated glass 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 is a front view schematically illustrating the laminated glass 1 according to this embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the laminated glass 1 according to this embodiment.

  5 and 6 exemplify each direction using the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis for convenience of explanation. Here, the z-axis direction corresponds to a direction perpendicular to the ground, and the positive direction of the z-axis corresponds to a vertically upward direction. The xy plane corresponds to a plane horizontal to the ground, and the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction correspond to directions horizontal to the ground, respectively. Hereinafter, the z-axis positive direction and the negative direction are referred to as “up” and “down”, respectively, the x-axis positive direction and the negative direction are respectively referred to as “right” and “left”, and the y-axis positive direction. The negative direction is referred to as “front” and “back”, respectively. Each direction is similarly referred to in FIG.

  The laminated glass 1 according to the present embodiment is used as a windshield for a vehicle, and is attached to an automobile tilted from the vertical. Specifically, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the laminated glass 1 according to the present embodiment includes an outer glass plate 2 disposed on the vehicle outer side, and an inner glass plate 3 disposed on the vehicle inner side. It is equipped with.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6, the outer glass plate 2 has a first surface 21 on the vehicle outer side and a second surface 22 on the vehicle inner side, the first surface 21 is convex, and the second surface 22 is concave. Thus, it is curved in the perpendicular direction (y-axis direction in the figure). Similarly, the inner glass plate 3 has a third surface 31 on the outer side of the vehicle and a fourth surface 32 on the inner side of the vehicle. The third surface 31 is convex and the fourth surface 32 is concave. It is curved in the y-axis direction in the figure.

  A resin-made intermediate film 4 is disposed between the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3, and the intermediate film 4 has a second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2 and a third surface 31 of the inner glass plate 3. Are joined to each other. Moreover, the 1st shielding layer 24 which shields the visual field from the vehicle exterior is provided along the peripheral part 23 of the 2nd surface 22 of the outer side glass plate 2, and the 4th of the inner side glass plate 3 corresponding to this is provided. A second shielding layer 34 that shields the field of view from the outside of the vehicle is provided along the peripheral edge 33 of the surface 32.

  Furthermore, the stereo camera 5 is attached to the interior of the automobile to which the laminated glass 1 is attached so as to be shielded by both shielding layers (23, 33) via a bracket (not shown) or the like. The stereo camera 5 has two photographing devices (51, 52) separated from each other so that two images with parallax can be simultaneously acquired.

  In each shielding layer (23, 33), each imaging device (51, 52) is arranged so that each imaging device (51, 52) disposed inside the vehicle can photograph the situation outside the vehicle through the laminated glass 1. Two photographing windows ((243, 244), (343, 344)) corresponding to are formed. Thereby, the laminated glass 1 which concerns on this embodiment is comprised so that utilization as a windshield for motor vehicles provided with the stereo camera 5 is possible. Hereinafter, each component will be described.

<Outer glass plate and inner glass plate>
First, the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 will be described. A known glass plate can be used for each of the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3. For example, the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 may each be heat ray absorbing glass, clear glass, green glass, UV green glass, or the like.

  However, the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 are each configured to realize visible light transmittance in accordance with the safety standards of the country where the automobile is used. For example, a desired solar radiation absorptivity can be secured by the outer glass plate 2 and the visible light transmittance can be adjusted by the inner glass plate 3 so as to satisfy safety standards. Below, as an example of the composition of the glass which can comprise the outer side glass plate 2 and the inner side glass plate 3, an example of a composition of clear glass and an example of a heat ray absorption glass composition are shown.

(Clear glass)
SiO ₂ : 70 to 73% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0.6 to 2.4% by mass
CaO: 7 to 12% by mass
MgO: 1.0 to 4.5 mass%
R ₂ O: 13 to 15% by mass (R is an alkali metal)
Fe total iron oxide in terms of _{2 O 3 (T-Fe 2} O 3): 0.08~0.14 wt%

(Heat ray absorbing glass)
The composition of the heat-absorbing glass, for example, based on the composition of the clear glass, the proportion of the total iron oxide in terms of _{Fe 2 O 3 (T-Fe} 2 O 3) and 0.4 to 1.3 wt%, CeO ₂ ratio as 0-2 mass%, the proportion of TiO ₂ and 0 to 0.5 wt%, framework component of the glass (mainly, SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃₎ to T-Fe ₂ O _3, CeO _The composition can be reduced by an increase of ₂ and TiO ₂ .

  Although the thickness of the laminated glass 1 which concerns on this embodiment is not specifically limited, From a viewpoint of weight reduction, it is preferable that the sum total of the thickness of the outer side glass plate 2 and the inner side glass plate 3 shall be 2.4-4.6 mm. The thickness is more preferably 2.6 to 3.8 mm, and particularly preferably 2.7 to 3.2 mm. Thus, what is necessary is just to make the total thickness of the outer side glass plate 2 and the inner side glass plate 3 small for weight reduction. Although the thickness of each of the outer side glass plate 2 and the inner side glass plate 3 is not specifically limited, For example, the thickness of each of the outer side glass plate 2 and the inner side glass plate 3 can be determined as follows.

  That is, the outer glass plate 2 is mainly required to have durability and impact resistance against impacts of flying objects such as pebbles. On the other hand, as the thickness of the outer glass plate 2 is increased, the weight increases, which is not preferable. From this viewpoint, the thickness of the outer glass plate 2 is preferably 1.8 to 2.3 mm, and more preferably 1.9 to 2.1 mm. Which thickness is adopted can be appropriately determined according to the embodiment.

  Moreover, although the thickness of the inner side glass plate 3 can be made equivalent to the thickness of the outer side glass plate 2, thickness can be made smaller than the outer side glass plate 2 for the weight reduction of a laminated glass, for example. Specifically, considering the strength of the glass, the thickness of the inner glass plate 3 is preferably 0.6 to 2.0 mm, more preferably 0.8 to 1.6 mm, 1.0 Particularly preferred is ~ 1.4 mm. Furthermore, it is preferable that the thickness of the inner side glass plate 3 is 0.8-1.3 mm. Which thickness is used for the inner glass plate 3 can be determined as appropriate according to the embodiment.

  Moreover, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 are each formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape, and are perpendicular to the surface (y-axis direction in the drawing). Are curved to the same extent. The dimension of each glass plate (2, 3) may be appropriately set according to the embodiment. For example, the maximum value of the length of the upper side of each glass plate (2, 3) may be set to 1300 mm. The maximum value of the length of the lower side of each glass plate (2, 3) may be set to 1600 mm. The maximum value of the length (height) from the upper side to the lower side of each glass plate (2, 3) may be set to 1400 mm. Moreover, the curvature radius of each glass plate (2, 3) may be set to 500-20000 mm. In addition, from the viewpoint of suppressing the measurement error of the distance to the object by the stereo camera 5, the curvature radius of each photographing window (243, 244, 343, 344) described later of each glass plate (2, 3) is It is preferably set to 1500 mm or more.

<Intermediate film>
Next, the intermediate film 4 that joins the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 will be described. The intermediate film 4 can have various configurations depending on the embodiment. For example, the intermediate film 4 can be configured by a three-layer structure in which a soft core layer is sandwiched between a pair of outer layers that are harder than this. In this way, by constituting the intermediate film 4 with a plurality of layers of a soft layer and a hard layer, the breakage resistance performance and sound insulation performance of the laminated glass 1 can be enhanced.

  The material of the intermediate film 4 is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected according to the embodiment. For example, when the intermediate film 4 is composed of a plurality of layers having different hardness as described above, polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) can be used for the hard outer layer. This polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) is preferable as a material for the outer layer because it is excellent in adhesion and penetration resistance with the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 respectively. Further, for the soft core layer, an ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA) or a polyvinyl acetal resin softer than the polyvinyl butyral resin used for the outer layer can be used.

  In general, the hardness of the polyvinyl acetal resin is (a) the degree of polymerization of the starting polyvinyl alcohol, (b) the degree of acetalization, (c) the type of plasticizer, (d) the addition ratio of the plasticizer, etc. Can be controlled. Therefore, the hard polyvinyl acetal resin used for the outer layer and the soft polyvinyl acetal resin used for the core layer may be produced by appropriately adjusting at least one of the conditions (a) to (d).

  Furthermore, the hardness of the polyvinyl acetal resin can be controlled by the type of aldehyde used for acetalization, coacetalization with a plurality of types of aldehydes, or pure acetalization with a single type of aldehyde. Although it cannot generally be said, the polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by using an aldehyde having a large number of carbon atoms tends to be softer. Therefore, for example, when the outer layer is made of polyvinyl butyral resin, the core layer has an aldehyde having 5 or more carbon atoms (for example, n-hexylaldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-heptylaldehyde, n- Octyl aldehyde) can be used as a polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalization with polyvinyl alcohol.

  Further, the total thickness of the intermediate film 4 can be appropriately set according to the embodiment, and can be set to, for example, 0.3 to 6.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm, More preferably, it is 0.6 to 2.0 mm. For example, when the intermediate film 4 is configured with a three-layer structure of a core layer and a pair of outer layers sandwiching the core layer, the thickness of the core layer is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, More preferably, it is -0.6 mm. On the other hand, the thickness of each outer layer is preferably larger than the thickness of the core layer, specifically, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm. preferable.

  The method for producing such an intermediate film 4 is not particularly limited. For example, after blending a resin component such as the above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer and other additives as necessary, and uniformly kneading, Examples thereof include a method of extruding each layer at once, and a method of laminating two or more resin films prepared by this method by a press method, a laminating method, or the like. The resin film before lamination used in a method of laminating by a press method, a laminating method or the like may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure. Further, the intermediate film 4 can be formed of a single layer in addition to a plurality of layers as described above.

<First shielding layer and second shielding layer>
Next, each shielding layer (24, 34) provided in each glass plate (2, 3) will be described. As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first shielding layer 24 is laminated along the peripheral edge 23 of the second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2, and the second shielding layer 34 is formed on the inner glass plate. The third fourth surface 32 is laminated along the peripheral edge 33.

  Specifically, the first shielding layer 24 can be divided into a peripheral region 241 along the peripheral portion 23 of the outer glass plate 2 and a protruding region 242 that protrudes downward in a rectangular shape from the upper side portion of the outer glass plate 2. it can. The peripheral region 241 shields light incident from the peripheral portion of the outer glass plate 2. The protruding region 242 prevents the stereo camera 5 disposed in the vehicle from being seen from outside the vehicle. On the other hand, the region on the inner side in the surface direction from the first shielding layer 24 in the outer glass plate 2 is a non-shielding region 25 where the first shielding layer 24 is not formed.

  Similarly, the second shielding layer 34 can be divided into a peripheral region 341 along the peripheral portion 33 of the inner glass plate 3 and a protruding region 342 that protrudes downward in a rectangular shape from the upper side portion of the inner glass plate 3. . A region on the inner glass plate 3 on the inner side in the surface direction from the second shielding layer 34 is a non-shielding region 35 where the second shielding layer 34 is not formed.

  In the present embodiment, the second shielding layer 34 is provided corresponding to the position where the first shielding layer 24 is laminated. That is, the second shielding layer 34 is disposed so as to overlap the first shielding layer 24 in the viewing direction (the y-axis direction in the drawing) for observing the laminated glass 1. In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 6, in the visual field direction, the second shielding layer 34 has an inner peripheral edge that coincides with an inner peripheral edge of the first shielding layer 24 in the planar direction. Two shielding layers 34 are arranged. Therefore, in the viewing direction, the position of the peripheral region 341 of the second shielding layer 34 matches the position of the peripheral region 241 of the first shielding layer 24, and the position of the protruding region 342 of the second shielding layer 34 is the first shielding layer 24. Coincides with the position of the protruding region 242 of

  Here, in this embodiment, the correspondence between the first shielding layer 24 and the second shielding layer 34 is defined as follows. That is, as illustrated in FIG. 6, a line L (perpendicular line) is drawn in the vertical direction starting from the end point 245 of the first shielding layer 24 of the outer glass plate 2. A line M (parallel line) parallel to the line L is drawn starting from the end point 345 of the second shielding layer 34 of the inner glass plate 3. That the absolute value of the distance N between the line L and the line M is within 5 mm is defined that the position of the first shielding layer 24 and the position of the second shielding layer 34 correspond to each other. Note that, from the viewpoint of reducing perspective distortion, which will be described later, it is preferable that the absolute value of the distance N between the line L and the line M is suppressed to 3 mm or less.

  Furthermore, in the projecting region 242 of the first shielding layer 24, two approximately spaced apart from each other are arranged corresponding to the positions of the photographing devices (51, 52) of the stereo camera 5 arranged in the vehicle. Trapezoidal shooting windows (243, 244) are provided. Similarly, in the protruding region 342 of the second shielding layer 34, two substantially trapezoidal shooting windows (343, 280) that are spaced apart from each other on the left and right sides corresponding to the positions of the shooting devices (51, 52). 344). The dimensions and the like of each imaging window (243, 244, 343, 344) may be appropriately set according to the embodiment. For example, the distance between the two photographing windows (243, 244) and the distance between the two photographing windows (343, 344) are set in the range of 100 mm to 300 mm, respectively.

  That is, in the viewing direction, the position of each imaging window (243, 244) of the first shielding layer 24 matches the position of each imaging window (343, 344) of the second shielding layer 34. Each imaging window (243, 244) and each imaging window (343, 344) are non-stacked regions of a material such as ceramic that constitutes each shielding layer (24, 34). Therefore, each photographing device (51, 52) can photograph the situation outside the vehicle via each photographing window (243, 244) and each photographing window (343, 344).

  For example, each imaging window (243, 244) and each imaging window (343, 344) are configured to have a visible light transmittance of 70% or more as defined in JIS R 3211. In addition, this transmittance | permeability can be measured by the spectroscopic measurement method prescribed | regulated to JISZ8722 as prescribed | regulated by JISR3212 (3.11 visible light transmittance | permeability test).

  Further, in the viewing direction, the position of the non-shielding region 35 of the inner glass plate 3 coincides with the position of the non-shielding region 25 of the outer glass plate 2. The driver and a companion sitting in the passenger seat confirm the traffic situation outside the vehicle via both unshielded areas (25, 35). For this reason, the non-shielding region 25 of the outer glass plate 2 and the non-shielding region 35 of the inner glass plate 3 are configured to have a visible light transmittance so that at least the traffic situation outside the vehicle can be visually observed.

  However, the arrangement of the second shielding layer 34 is not limited to such an example, and the first shielding layer 24 and the second shielding layer 34 include a region where the positions of the peripheral edge portions do not match in the viewing direction. But you can. The width of each shielding layer (24, 34) may be appropriately set according to the embodiment. For example, in each protrusion area | region (242,342), the width | variety of each shielding layer (24,34) may be set to 150 mm-500 mm. Moreover, the width | variety of each shielding layer (24, 34) may be set to 15 mm-70 mm by a side part. Furthermore, the width of each shielding layer (24, 34) may be set to 20 mm to 100 mm at the upper side (excluding the protruding regions (242, 342)) and the lower side.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first shielding layer 24 has a thermal expansion coefficient different from that of the outer glass plate 2 and a heat absorption rate higher than that of the outer glass plate 2, for example, black, brown, gray, dark blue or the like. Consists of colored ceramics. Similarly, the second shielding layer 34 is made of, for example, dark ceramic such as black, brown, gray, or dark blue having a thermal expansion coefficient different from that of the inner glass plate 3 and a higher heat absorption rate than the inner glass plate 3. Composed. For example, the thermal expansion coefficient of each glass plate (2, 3) is 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ / K (300 ° C.), whereas the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic constituting each thermal barrier layer (24, 34). ^{May be} 120 × 10 ⁻⁷ / K (300 ° C.). Further, in the case of the above-mentioned green glass, the reflectance of each glass plate (2, 3) with respect to light (infrared rays) in the wavelength range of 1000 nm to 2500 nm is 4 to 6%, whereas each heat shielding layer ( The reflectance of the ceramic constituting 24, 34) with respect to the light may be 15% or less, further 10% or less, and sometimes 5% or less.

  Note that the ceramic composition constituting the first shielding layer 24 and the ceramic composition constituting the second shielding layer 34 may be different. For each shielding layer (24, 34), ceramics of various compositions can be used. For example, a ceramic having the following composition can be used for each shielding layer (24, 34).

* 1, Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Black 6350 (Pigment Green 17)
* 2.Main components: bismuth borosilicate, zinc borosilicate

Here, in order to make the absolute value of the distance N between the line L of the first shielding layer 24 and the line M of the second shielding layer 34 within 5 mm, the following measures (a) to (c) are taken. It is valid.
(A) A ceramic having a relatively small shrinkage rate is used for each shielding layer (24, 34).
(B) The end of each shielding layer (24, 34) is made into a dot, slit shape or the like.
(C) By making the thickness of each shielding layer (24, 34) 20 μm or less, the stress on each glass plate (2, 3) due to shrinkage is reduced.
By the above (a) to (c), after the laminated glass 1 is formed, the distance N between the line L of the first shielding layer 24 and the line M of the second shielding layer 34 can be prevented from becoming large. Therefore, in this embodiment, the absolute value of the distance N between the line L of the first shielding layer 24 and the line M of the second shielding layer 34 is within 5 mm by appropriately combining the above (a) to (c). suppress.

<Stereo camera>
Next, the stereo camera 5 will be described. Each imaging device (51, 52) of the stereo camera 5 is appropriately configured by a lens system, an image sensor, or the like so as to be able to capture the situation outside the vehicle. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the imaging devices (51, 52) of the stereo camera 5 are arranged apart from each other in the left-right direction. Therefore, according to each imaging device (51, 52), a plurality of images with parallax can be acquired.

  Then, the plurality of images with parallax obtained by the respective photographing devices (51, 52) are sent to the image processing device 6 as illustrated in FIG. Based on the plurality of images acquired by the stereo camera 5, the image processing device 6, for example, the distance between the subject and the vehicle (hereinafter also referred to as “subject distance”), the moving speed of the subject, and the type of the subject Analyze etc.

  The subject distance can be estimated based on the parallax occurring in the obtained images by a known analysis method. Further, the moving speed of the subject can be estimated based on the temporal change in the subject distance and the speed of the own vehicle. The type of subject can be estimated by a known image analysis method such as pattern recognition.

  The image processing device 6 is configured as a computer having a storage unit, a control unit, an input / output unit, and the like so that such image analysis can be performed and the result can be presented to a user (driver). Such an image processing device 6 may be a general-purpose device such as a PC (Personal Computer) or a tablet terminal, in addition to a device designed exclusively for the service to be provided.

§2 Manufacturing method Next, the manufacturing method of the laminated glass 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a molding process of the laminated glass 1 according to the present embodiment. In addition, the manufacturing method of the laminated glass 1 demonstrated below is only an example, and each step may be changed as much as possible. Further, in the manufacturing process described below, steps can be omitted, replaced, and added as appropriate according to the embodiment.

  First, before forming the laminated glass 1 with the shaping | molding apparatus illustrated by FIG. 7, the flat outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 are prepared as a preparatory process. The ceramic constituting the first shielding layer 24 is printed on the second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2 by screen printing or the like. At this time, in order to form the two photographing windows (243, 244), two regions where the ceramic is not printed are provided in the protruding region 242. Similarly, the ceramic constituting the second shielding layer 34 is printed on the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 3 by screen printing or the like. In order to form the two photographing windows (343, 344), two regions where the ceramic is not printed are provided in the protruding region 342.

  Next, the intermediate film 4 is sandwiched between the prepared outer glass plate 2 and inner glass plate 3 to form a flat laminated glass 10, and the formed laminated glass 10 is formed in a ring-shaped (frame-shaped) mold 800. Place. The mold 800 is disposed on the transfer table 801, and the transfer table 801 sequentially passes through the heating furnace 802 and the slow cooling furnace 803 in a state where the laminated glass 10 is placed on the mold 800.

  Since the shaping | molding die 800 is ring shape at this time, the laminated glass 10 passes the heating furnace 802 in the state in which only the peripheral part was supported. When heated to near the softening point temperature in the heating furnace 802, the flat laminated glass 10 is bent downward on the inner side of the peripheral edge due to its own weight, and is formed into a curved surface. Thereby, the laminated glass 1 curved in the direction perpendicular to the surface as described above can be manufactured.

  In addition, the manufactured laminated glass 1 is attached to the window part ahead of a motor vehicle as a windshield for vehicles at a predetermined angle. At this time, the attachment angle of the laminated glass 1 may be 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction. And after attaching the laminated glass 1 to a motor vehicle, each imaging device (51, 52) of the stereo camera 5 is attached in the car via a bracket (not shown).

<Features>
Next, the characteristic of the laminated glass 1 manufactured by the above method is demonstrated using FIG. 8A and 8B. 8A schematically illustrates the shape of the vicinity of the shielding layer 703 of the laminated glass 9 in which the shielding layer 703 is provided only on the fourth surface 7021 of the inner glass plate 702, similarly to the laminated glass 9 illustrated in FIG. To do. FIG. 8B schematically illustrates the shape in the vicinity of each shielding layer (24, 34) of the laminated glass 1 according to this embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 12A to be described later, the region in the vicinity of the shielding layer in the glass plate is greatly bent by heating at the time of bending and receives compressive stress and tensile stress from the shielding layer at the time of slow cooling. It transforms into a letter shape. As illustrated in FIG. 8A, when the shielding layer 703 is provided only on the fourth surface 7021 of the inner glass plate 702 of the laminated glass 70, only the inner glass plate 702 is on the vehicle interior side in the vicinity of the shielding layer 703. A deformed portion 704 that is deformed into a convex shape toward the surface is formed.

  Therefore, in the laminated glass 70, in the area | region of the deformation | transformation part 704, the parallel of the outer side glass plate 701 and the inner side glass plate 702 cannot be ensured, and the width | variety of the outer side glass plate 701 and the inner side glass plate 702 is compared with another area | region. It becomes wide. An intermediate film (not shown) sandwiched and pressed between the outer glass plate 701 and the inner glass plate 702 gathers in an area near the deformed portion 704 so as to fill the gap. It will behave like a convex lens. Therefore, when the shielding layer 703 is provided only on the fourth surface 7021 of the inner glass plate 702, a large perspective distortion occurs in a region near the shielding layer 703 (see FIG. 18 described later).

  In contrast, in the laminated glass 1 according to the present embodiment, the first shielding layer 24 is provided on the second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2, and the second shielding layer 34 is provided on the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 3. Provided. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 8B, in each glass plate (2, 3), in the vicinity of the periphery of each shielding layer (24, 34), the deformed portion (26, 36) due to each shielding layer (24, 34). ) Is formed.

  Specifically, an outer plate deformation portion 26 that is convex toward the second surface 22 side is formed near the periphery of the first shielding layer 24 of the outer glass plate 2. In the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the second shielding layer 34 of the inner glass plate 3, an inner plate deformation portion 36 that is convex toward the fourth surface 32 side is formed. Each deformation | transformation part (26, 36) has a deformation | transformation of about 0.01-0.1 mm, for example. Note that “near the peripheral edge” is a range in which a deformed portion is generated by affecting each shielding layer (24, 34). As an example, each shielding layer (24, 34) is surrounded by each shielding layer (24, 34). 24, 34) is the range up to the position in the in-plane direction.

  Here, the first shielding layer 24 and the second shielding layer 34 are disposed corresponding to each other. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 8B, the outer plate deformation portion 26 of the outer glass plate 2 formed in the vicinity of the first shielding layer 24 and the inner plate of the inner glass plate 3 formed in the vicinity of the second shielding layer 34. The deformation part 36 is disposed so as to overlap each other. Therefore, even if each glass plate (2, 3) is formed with each deformed portion (26, 36) due to each shielding layer (24, 34), both glass plates (2, 3) are kept parallel. And the width between the two glass plates (2, 3) can be kept substantially constant.

  Therefore, in the laminated glass 1 which concerns on this embodiment, it can suppress that the thickness of the intermediate film 4 pinched | interposed between both glass plates (2, 3) can suppress a big change like the above convex lenses. It can prevent that the area | region which acts is produced. Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent a large perspective distortion from occurring in the vicinity of each shielding layer (24, 34).

  That is, in this embodiment, the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer is reduced by aligning the deformed portion by the shielding layer with both glass plates and generating the same in the same direction. Therefore, both shielding layers (24, 34) have both deformed portions (26, 36) overlapped in the visual field direction, and in the vicinity where the deformed portions (26, 36) are formed as compared with the case of the laminated glass 70. It suffices that they are arranged so as to correspond to each other to such an extent that the perspective distortion is reduced. For example, both deformation parts (26, 36) are aligned so that the lens power of the lens action caused by both deformation parts (26, 36) is 300 mdpt, preferably 200 mdpt, more preferably 100 mdpt or less. The shielding layers (24, 34) are preferably provided. In the present embodiment, since the first shielding layer 24 and the second shielding layer 34 are made to correspond so that the absolute value of the distance N between the line L and the line M is within 5 mm, both deformation portions (26, The lens power of the laminated glass 1 in the portion 36) can be suppressed.

  Here, the lens power of each deformation | transformation part (26, 36) is examined in detail using FIG. FIG. 9 schematically illustrates the state of each deformation portion (26, 36). In the state illustrated in FIG. 9, when the height Q1 of each deformable portion (26, 36) is 0.05 mm and the width Q2 is 10 mm, the radius of curvature R is 1000 mm from the three square theorem. Since the relationship between the lens power P and the curvature radii (Ra, Rb) of each surface can be expressed by the following formula 6, each deformed portion (26, 36) having a curvature radius R of 1000 mm has a constant lens power. (If one side is flat, it has 520 mdpt).

Here, ra is the refractive index of glass (approximately 1.52), and rb is the refractive index of air (approximately 1.00).

  On the other hand, in the laminated glass 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the curvature radius (Ra, Rb) of each surface is made to correspond substantially by aligning each deformation | transformation part (26, 36). Therefore, in this embodiment, the lens power of the laminated glass 1 near each deformation | transformation part (26, 36) can be suppressed, and, thereby, perspective distortion can be reduced.

In addition, even in the past, there may be cases where a shielding layer is provided on each of the second surface and the fourth surface of the laminated glass. However, for the following two reasons, the shielding layer on the second surface and the shielding layer on the fourth surface are not provided correspondingly, and the lines L and M shown in FIGS. 6 and 8B are separated by 10 mm or more. It was.
(1) Since it is difficult to completely match the two shielding layers and the four shielding layers, one of the shielding layers is configured to be larger than the other shielding layer.
(2) Since the curvature of the two surfaces is different from the curvature of the four surfaces by bending, even if the end of the two surfaces and the end of the four surfaces are matched before bending (when flat) The 2nd and 4th surfaces are misaligned after bending

  Therefore, in the conventional laminated glass, even if a shielding layer is provided on each of the second surface and the fourth surface, the position of each deformed portion is greatly shifted, and the perspective distortion cannot be reduced. On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the first shielding layer 24 and the second shielding layer 34 are made to correspond by appropriately combining the above (a) to (c), each shielding layer (24, 34). ) Perspective distortion in the vicinity can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the first shielding layer 24 is provided with two imaging windows (243, 244), and the second shielding layer 34 is provided with two imaging windows (343, 344). Each imaging window (243, 244, 343, 344) is a non-laminated area of ceramic, and a deformed portion may occur near the periphery of each imaging window (243, 244, 343, 344) in the same manner as described above. . For this reason, when the shielding layer is provided only on the fourth surface of the inner glass plate, a deformation portion that generates perspective distortion that adversely affects photographing with the stereo camera can be formed in the region of the photographing window on the inner glass plate. There is sex. On the other hand, in this embodiment, by forming the first shielding layer 24 on the second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2 and forming the second shielding layer 34 on the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 3, The perspective distortion near each shielding layer (24, 34) is reduced. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the laminated glass 1 which has the imaging | photography window (243,244,343,344) suitable for imaging | photography with the stereo camera 5 can be provided.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, both glass plates (2, 3) are made from a self-weight bending process. As described above, in the self-weight bending method, since bending is performed by its own weight, deformation due to the high temperature of the shielding layers (24, 34) during the heating is likely to occur. Therefore, in the self-weight bending method, the deformed portions (26, 36) are likely to be generated in the vicinity of the shielding layers (24, 34), thereby easily causing a large perspective distortion. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the perspective distortion in the vicinity of each shielding layer (24, 34) can be reduced for the reason described above. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent a large perspective distortion from occurring in each of the shielding layers (24, 34) even under molding conditions such as a self-weight bending process in which the perspective distortion is likely to occur.

In addition, when the laminated glass 1 is bent by the self-weight bending method, a compressive residual stress of a predetermined value or more, such as 15 MN / m ² or more, is generated over almost the entire circumference of the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 1. obtain. This compressive residual stress tends to increase when the heating temperature at the peripheral edge in the heating furnace 802 is high and when the cooling rate in the slow cooling furnace 803 is increased. As described above, when the heating temperature of the peripheral portion in the heating furnace 802 is high, and when the cooling rate in the slow cooling furnace 803 is increased, each deformed portion (26 36) is likely to occur. Therefore, in a scene where a compressive residual stress of a predetermined value or more is generated, each deformed portion (26, 36) is likely to be generated near each shielding layer (24, 34). Therefore, in such a scene, reducing the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of each shielding layer (24, 34) as in the present embodiment exhibits a very beneficial effect.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the attachment angle of the laminated glass 1 may be 30 degrees or less with respect to a horizontal direction, each shielding layer (24, 34) of each glass plate (2, 3) is a driver | operator. It is easy to enter the field of view. Therefore, if a large perspective distortion is generated in the vicinity of each shielding layer (24, 34), the driver's field of view may be obstructed by the perspective distortion. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the perspective distortion in the vicinity of each shielding layer (24, 34) can be reduced for the reason described above. Therefore, due to the mounting condition of the laminated glass 1 that the mounting angle with respect to the horizontal direction is 30 degrees or less, even if each shielding layer enters the driver's field of view, the driver can view the scenery outside the vehicle to the vicinity of each shielding layer. It can be confirmed smoothly.

  In addition, as each glass plate (2, 3) has a larger radius of curvature, that is, as each glass plate (2, 3) gets closer to the flat plate, bending distortion (image that appears because the glass is bent) is generated in the laminated glass 1. Less distortion). If each deformation | transformation part (26, 36) is formed in such an area | region with few bending distortions, the perspective distortion by each deformation | transformation part (26, 36) will become conspicuous. From this viewpoint, the radius of curvature of each glass plate (2, 3) is preferably 20000 mm or less, more preferably 10,000 mm or less, and preferably 6000 mm or less. On the other hand, when the radius of curvature of each glass plate (2, 3) is reduced, the lens power is increased as shown in the relational expression (6), thereby increasing perspective distortion. From this viewpoint, the radius of curvature of each glass plate (2, 3) is preferably 500 mm or more, and more preferably 1000 mm or more.

§3 Modifications As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. However, the above description is merely an illustration of the present invention in all respects. It goes without saying that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, with respect to each component of the laminated glass 1, the component may be omitted, replaced, and added as appropriate according to the embodiment. Moreover, the shape and size of each component of the laminated glass 1 may be appropriately determined according to the embodiment. For example, the following changes are possible. In the following description, the same components as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

<3.1>
For example, in the said embodiment, the shielding layer (24, 34) is provided in both the 2nd surface 22 of the outer side glass plate 2, and the 4th surface 32 of the inner side glass plate 3, respectively. However, the second shielding layer 34 formed on the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 3 may be omitted, and the shielding layer (24) may be formed only on the second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2. Hereinafter, this modification will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. For convenience of explanation, “first shielding layer 24” is also referred to as “shielding layer 24”.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a laminated glass 1A according to this modification. FIG. 11 schematically illustrates the shape in the vicinity of the shielding layer 24 of the laminated glass 1A according to this modification. Laminated glass 1A according to this modification has the same configuration as that of laminated glass 1 according to the above embodiment except that the second shielding layer 34 of the inner glass plate 3 is omitted.

  Thus, when the shielding layer 24 is formed only on the second surface 22 of the outer glass plate 2 by the ceramic, as illustrated in FIG. 11, near the peripheral portion of the shielding layer 24 of the outer glass plate 2. Similarly to the above-described embodiment, the outer plate deformation portion 26 that is convex toward the second surface 22 side is formed. As a result, in the vicinity of the outer plate deformation portion 26, the width between the glass plates (2, 3) is narrowed, that is, the thickness of the intermediate film 4 is reduced, and an area where the function of the concave lens is exerted can be generated.

  On the other hand, both glass plates (2, 3) are curved, and the laminated glass 1A is tilted from the vertical direction and attached to the automobile. Therefore, in the viewing direction in which the laminated glass 1A is observed, the thickness of the laminated glass 1A is not always constant, and perspective distortion may occur based on the curvature of both glass plates (2, 3) themselves.

  In this modification, both the glass plates (2, 3) are curved so as to be convex toward the outside of the vehicle, whereas the region near the outer plate deformation portion 26 is deformed so as to be concave toward the outside of the vehicle. doing. That is, the direction of light refraction based on the curvature of both glass plates (2, 3) is opposite to the direction of light refraction based on the region near the outer plate deformation portion 26.

  Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 17 described later, the distortion caused by the curvature of both glass plates (2, 3) and the distortion caused by the region near the outer plate deformation portion 26 cancel each other. The inventors have found that this is the case. Therefore, according to this modification, it is possible to reduce the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer 24 based on the cancellation of the distortion.

  In the above embodiment, the shielding layers (the first shielding layer 24 and the second shielding layer 34) are provided on the two surfaces of the second surface 22 and the fourth surface 32, whereas in the present modification, the shielding layer is shielded. The layer (shielding layer 24) is provided only on one surface of the second surface 22. Therefore, the shielding layer 24 according to the present modification may be configured to have a larger thickness than the shielding layers (24, 34) according to the above-described embodiment so as to appropriately shield the field of view from the outside of the vehicle.

  Further, in this modification, the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer 24 is reduced by canceling the distortion due to the curvature of both glass plates (2, 3) itself by the distortion due to the area in the vicinity of the outer plate deformation portion 26. . Therefore, in a scene where distortion is more likely to occur due to the curvature of both glass plates (2, 3) themselves, this modified example can exhibit a beneficial effect. For example, this modification may be used in a scene in which the radius of curvature of the region of the inner glass plate 3 corresponding to the outer plate deformation portion 26 by the shielding layer 24 in the outer glass plate 2 is 500 to 20000 mm. According to the modified example, it is possible to reduce the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer 24 even in a scene where both the glass plates (2, 3) themselves can generate a large perspective distortion. In addition, it is preferable that the curvature radius of the area | region of the inner side glass plate 3 corresponding to the outer plate deformation | transformation part 26 is set in the range of 1000-10000 mm, and it is more preferable to set in the range of 1000-6000 mm. For example, when the outer plate deforming portion 26 is in the state assumed in FIG. 9, the curvature radius R of the outer plate deforming portion 26 is 1000 mm (1 m). In this case, when the radius of curvature of the region of the inner glass plate 3 exceeds the above range, for example, 500 mm, the lens power of the entire lens action is 1560 mdpt from the relational expression of the above formula 6. On the other hand, when the radius of curvature of the region of the inner glass plate 3 is 3000 mm (3 m), it can be seen from the relational expression (6) that the lens power of the lens action in the whole is suppressed to about 700 mdpt. Therefore, when the radius of curvature of the region of the inner glass plate 3 corresponding to the outer plate deformation portion 26 is set in the above range, the bending of each glass plate (2, 3) itself is changed to the bending of the outer plate deformation portion 26. Thus, the perspective distortion of the laminated glass 1A in the vicinity of the outer plate deformation portion 26 can be reduced.

<3.2>
Moreover, for example, in the said embodiment, each shielding layer (24, 34) is a single layer structure. However, each shielding layer (24, 34) may not be limited to such an example, and may have a multilayer structure. For example, the first ceramic layer is formed by laminating ceramics on the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 3. Next, a silver layer is formed by laminating silver on the first ceramic layer. Furthermore, a second ceramic layer is formed by laminating a ceramic on the silver layer. Thus, the second shielding layer 34 having a three-layer structure can be formed. The second shielding layer 34 having a three-layer structure can shield electromagnetic waves by a silver layer. In addition, the material of the composition shown in the following Table 2 can be utilized for this silver layer.

* 1, Main component: Bismuth borosilicate, Zinc borosilicate

<3.3>
Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, each of the shooting windows (243, 244) and each of the shooting windows (343, 344) is arranged separately from each non-shielding region (25, 35). That is, the periphery of each imaging window (243, 244) and each imaging window (343, 344) is surrounded by each shielding layer (24, 34). However, the arrangement of the respective photographing windows (243, 244) and the respective photographing windows (343, 344) may not be limited to such an example, and each photographing window (243, 244) and each photographing window (343, 344) may be formed to be continuous with each non-shielding region (25, 35).

  Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, each photographing window (243, 244) and each photographing window (343, 344) are each formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape. However, the shape of each photographing window (243, 244) and each photographing window (343, 344) may not be limited to such an example, and may be appropriately selected according to the embodiment. For example, each imaging window (243, 244) and each imaging window (343, 344) may be formed in a rectangular shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like. When the stereo camera 5 is omitted, the shooting windows (243, 244) and the shooting windows (343, 344) may be omitted.

<3.4>
For example, in the said embodiment, the outer side glass plate 2 and the inner side glass plate 3 of the laminated glass 1 are product made from a self-weight bending process. However, the method of forming each of the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 into a curved shape may not be limited to the self-weight bending method, and may be appropriately selected according to the embodiment. For example, each of the outer glass plate 2 and the inner glass plate 3 may be formed into a curved shape by a press working method.

<3.5>
The intermediate film 4 can adopt various modes. For example, a part of the intermediate film 4 may be dyed in a dark color such as black, and one region (stained region) of the intermediate film 4 may be configured as a part of each shielding layer (24, 34). However, if this staining region overlaps each imaging window (243, 244) and each imaging window (343, 344), this staining region may hinder imaging by each imaging device (51, 52). . For this reason, each imaging window (243, 244) and a portion where each imaging window (343, 344) overlaps with the stained region is replaced with a material having a high visible light transmittance, thereby each imaging window (243, 244). In addition, it may be configured such that the stained region does not overlap each imaging window (343, 344).

<3.6>
Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the stereo camera 5 includes two photographing devices (51, 52). However, the number of imaging devices constituting the stereo camera 5 is not limited to such an example, and may be three or more. The number of shooting windows of each shielding layer (24, 34) corresponds to the number of shooting devices constituting the stereo camera 5.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

<Experiment 1: Deformed portion near the shielding layer>
First, a glass plate according to Comparative Example 1 below was prepared in order to examine what deformation portion is generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer using ceramic.

(Comparative Example 1)
・ Size of both glass plates: (horizontal direction) 1329.6 mm, (vertical direction) 951.0 mm
・ Outer glass plate thickness: 2.0 mm
・ Inner glass plate thickness: 1.6 mm
・ Types of both glass plates: Green glass ・ Molding conditions for both glass plates: Furnace temperature is set to 650 ° C. so that the center double amount is 26.1 mm and the maximum double amount is 26.7 mm. Thickness: 0.8mm (single layer structure)
-Surface provided with shielding layer: 2nd surface and 4th surface-Width of shielding layer: (upper side) 50 mm, (each side side) 25 mm, (lower side) 130 mm
・ Thickness of shielding layer: 10 to 20 μm
-Distance N between line L and line M: 10 mm
-Composition of the ceramic constituting the shielding layer: pigment 15%, resin (cellulose resin) 5%, organic solvent (pine oil) 15%, glass binder 60%
・ Pigment: BLACK 3250 (PIGMENT BLACK 28, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)

Example 1
Moreover, the glass plate which concerns on Example 1 was prepared on the same preparation conditions as the comparative example 1 except the point which made the space | interval N of the said comparative example 1 become 5 mm.

(Measurement of shape)
Based on the above production conditions, laminated glasses according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were produced. And the surface gauge of the 1st surface of the outer side glass plate of the laminated glass which Example 1 and the comparative example 1 produced, and the 3rd surface of an inner side glass plate from the center of a lower part upward, a depth gauge (product number: ID made from Mitutoyo Corporation) -C112RB). Moreover, based on the measurement result by a depth gauge with respect to Example 1 and the comparative example 1, the outer side glass plate and the inner side glass plate were overlap | superposed by edge parts, and the total thickness of the laminated glass was measured. The respective results are shown in FIGS. 12A, 12B and 13. In addition, as FIG. 13 shows, the total thickness of the laminated glass of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was smaller than the sum total of an outer side glass plate, an intermediate film, and an inner side glass plate. This phenomenon generally occurs in a normal product due to the fact that the outer glass plate, the intermediate film, and the inner glass plate are superposed under a certain pressure.

  As shown in FIGS. 12B and 13, in the laminated glass according to Comparative Example 1, there was a difference in shape between the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate in the vicinity of the shielding layer. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12B, S-shaped deformation occurred in both the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate in the vicinity of the shielding layer. There was a big deformation. In addition, the end points (points at which the depth gauge measurement value is 0) of each shielding layer are shifted by about 10 mm, and the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer were not provided correspondingly. Thereby, as FIG. 13 showed, the part from which the width | variety between an outer side glass plate and an inner side glass plate changes to convex shape has arisen. The lens power at the convexly changing portion was about 520 mdpt.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12A, in the laminated glass according to Example 1, the end point shift of each shielding layer was about 5 mm, and the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer were provided correspondingly. As a result, as shown in FIG. 13, it was possible to suppress the occurrence of a portion in which the width between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate changes in a convex shape.

  In addition, in the above result, since large deformation has occurred in the portion where the shielding layer is provided, it is assumed that the ceramic constituting the shielding layer is hotter than expected when the glass plate is bent. It was done. As a result, it was found that the shielding layer expanded greatly, and in Comparative Example 1, a convex deformation as shown in FIG. 13 occurred in the vicinity of the shielding layer.

<Experiment 2: Comparison of perspective distortion>
Next, in addition to Example 1 above, Example 2 in which the shielding layer was formed only on the second surface, Comparative Example 2 in which the shielding layer was formed only on the fourth surface, and a reference example in which the shielding layer was not formed were prepared. The perspective distortion generated in each was visually compared.

(Example 2)
A glass plate according to Example 2 was prepared under the same manufacturing conditions as Example 1 except that the shielding layer on the fourth surface was omitted.

(Reference example)
The glass plate which concerns on a reference example was prepared on the same preparation conditions as Example 1 except the point which abbreviate | omits the shielding layer of a 2nd surface and a 4th surface.

(Comparative Example 2)
The conditions for producing the laminated glass according to Comparative Example 2 are as follows.
・ Size of both glass plates: (horizontal direction) 1329.6 mm, (vertical direction) 951.0 mm
・ Outer glass plate thickness: 2.0 mm
・ Inner glass plate thickness: 1.6 mm
・ Types of both glass plates: Green glass ・ Molding conditions for both glass plates: Furnace temperature is set to 650 ° C. so that the center double amount is 26.1 mm and the maximum double amount is 26.7 mm. Thickness: 0.8mm (single layer structure)
-Surface provided with shielding layer: 4th surface-Width of shielding layer: (upper side) 50 mm, (each side part) 25 mm, (lower side part) 130 mm
・ Thickness of shielding layer: 10 to 20 μm
-Composition of the ceramic constituting the shielding layer: pigment 15%, resin (cellulose resin) 5%, organic solvent (pine oil) 15%, glass binder 60%
・ Pigment: BLACK 3250 (PIGMENT BLACK 28, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)

(Measurement of distortion)
Next, according to the method shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the perspective distortion in the vicinity of the shielding layers of Examples (1, 2) and Comparative Example 2 and the peripheral edge of the reference example was observed, and the distortion rate was measured. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, the board 501 having a striped pattern was photographed by the camera 501 through the laminated glasses according to the examples (1, 2), the comparative example 2, and the reference example. The camera 501 was placed at a height of 1480 mm from the ground. In addition, each laminated glass was arranged with an inclination of 27 degrees from the vertical direction. The distance D1 between the board 500 and each laminated glass was set to 8845 mm, and the distance D2 between the camera 501 and each laminated glass was set to 3160 mm. The striped pattern of the board 500 had a pitch width of 100 mm (white line width and black line width each 50 mm), and an angle of each line was 45 degrees.

  16 to 19 show photographs obtained by photographing each of Examples (1, 2), Comparative Example 2, and Reference Example. Specifically, FIG. 16 shows a photograph obtained by photographing the laminated glass 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 17 shows a photograph obtained by photographing the laminated glass 200 according to Example 2. FIG. 18 shows a photograph obtained by photographing the laminated glass 300 according to Comparative Example 2. FIG. 19 shows a photograph obtained by photographing the laminated glass 400 according to the reference example.

  Then, using each photograph, as shown in FIG. 15, the lengths A to C are measured at the center of the lower side parting (regions 102, 202, 302, and 402), and the calculation shown in Equation 7 below is performed. Based on this, the distortion rate was calculated. A indicates the length from the base of the striped pattern to the original striped pattern. B shows the shift amount (distance between the dotted line in the figure and the alternate long and short dash line in the figure) obtained by translating the original striped pattern (dotted line in the figure) so as to contact the outer edge of the actual striped pattern. C indicates the length from the root to the height at which B is measured. The smaller the distortion rate, the less the perspective distortion.

  As a result of the above calculation, the distortion rate of Example 1 was 16%. The distortion rate of Example 2 was 12%. The distortion rate of Comparative Example 2 was 29%. The distortion rate of the reference example was less than 10%. The relationship between the distortion rate and the sensory evaluation is as shown in Table 3 below.

Here, an “expert” is a person who understands how to find perspective distortion, such as moving the viewpoint up and down, and an “amateur” is a person who does not know how to find such perspective distortion. is there.

  Therefore, in each of the examples (1, 2) (for example, areas of reference numerals 101, 102, 201, and 202), the distortion rate in the vicinity of the shielding layer is smaller than that of the comparative example 2 (for example, areas of reference numerals 301 and 302). This can be improved by 10% or more, and this has made it possible to reduce the perspective distortion that can be understood even by an amateur. That is, according to the present invention, it has been found that the perspective distortion generated in the vicinity of the shielding layer can be drastically reduced.

1 ... Laminated glass,
2 ... outer glass plate,
21 ... first side, 22 ... second side,
23 ... Peripheral part, 24 ... 1st shielding layer, 241 ... Peripheral area | region, 242 ... Protrusion area | region,
243, 244 ... shooting window, 25 ... non-shielding area, 26 ... outer plate deformation part,
3 ... Inner glass plate,
31 ... 3rd surface, 32 ... 4th surface,
33 ... peripheral edge part, 34 ... second shielding layer, 341 ... peripheral edge area, 342 ... projecting area,
343, 344 ... shooting window, 35 ... non-shielding area, 36 ... inner plate deformation part,
4 ... intermediate film,
5 ... Stereo camera, 51/52 ... Shooting device,
6 ... Image processing device,
800 ... Mold, 801 ... Transfer, 802 ... Heating furnace, 803 ... Slow cooling furnace,
500 ... Board, 501 ... Camera

Claims (9)

An outer glass plate having a first surface and a second surface, curved so that the first surface is convex and the second surface is concave;
An inner glass plate having a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface being convex and the fourth surface being concave;
An intermediate film disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and joining the second surface of the outer glass plate and the third surface of the inner glass plate to each other;
1st shielding layer laminated along the peripheral part of the 2nd surface of the said outside glass plate, Comprising: It is comprised with the ceramic which has a thermal expansion coefficient different from the said outside glass plate, and a heat absorption rate higher than the said outside glass plate A first shielding layer,
Corresponding to the position where the first shielding layer is laminated, the second shielding layer is laminated along the peripheral edge of the fourth surface of the inner glass plate, and has a different coefficient of thermal expansion from the inner glass plate, and A second shielding layer made of ceramic having a higher heat absorption rate than the inner glass plate;
With
In the vicinity of the periphery of the first shielding layer of the outer glass plate, an outer plate deformation portion that is convex toward the second surface side is formed,
In the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion of the second shielding layer of the inner glass plate, an inner plate deformation portion that is convex toward the fourth surface side is formed,
Laminated glass. The first shielding layer and the second shielding layer include a plurality of photographing windows respectively corresponding to the plurality of photographing devices so that each of the plurality of photographing devices of the stereo camera can photograph through the laminated glass.
The laminated glass according to claim 1. The outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are made of self-weight bending.
The laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2. Used as a windshield for vehicles whose mounting angle is 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction,
The laminated glass of any one of Claim 1 to 3. An outer glass plate having a first surface and a second surface, curved so that the first surface is convex and the second surface is concave;
An inner glass plate having a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface being convex and the fourth surface being concave;
An intermediate film disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and joining the second surface of the outer glass plate and the third surface of the inner glass plate to each other;
The shielding layer is laminated along the peripheral edge of the second surface of the outer glass plate, and is composed of a ceramic having a thermal expansion coefficient different from that of the outer glass plate and a heat absorption rate higher than that of the outer glass plate. A shielding layer;
With
In the vicinity of the periphery of the shielding layer of the outer glass plate, an outer plate deformation portion that is convex toward the second surface side is formed,
Laminated glass. The curvature radius of the region of the inner glass plate corresponding to the outer plate deformed portion by the shielding layer in the outer glass plate is 500 to 20000 mm.
The laminated glass according to claim 5. The shielding layer includes a plurality of photographing windows respectively corresponding to the plurality of photographing devices so that each of the plurality of photographing devices of the stereo camera can photograph through the laminated glass.
The laminated glass according to claim 5 or 6. The outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are made of self-weight bending.
The laminated glass according to any one of claims 5 to 7. Used as a windshield for vehicles whose mounting angle is 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction,
The laminated glass of any one of Claim 5 to 8.