JP2017154411A - Lamination molding apparatus and lamination molding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To collect powder materials other than a modeled product and to reuse the powder materials at a low cost in the case of molding the modeled product by lamination using plural powder materials.SOLUTION: A lamination molding apparatus of the present invention includes: a supply section that includes plural materials including powders of which the respective particle size distributions are separated, that makes the materials into a mixed material having a predetermined mixture ratio, and that supplies the mixed material; a molding section that laminates the mixed material and that molds a three-dimensional modeled product from the laminated material; and a collection section that collects the remaining mixed material of the laminated material other than the three-dimensional modeled product and that includes a separation section that separates the collected mixed material into the respective materials on the basis of the particle size distributions.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an additive manufacturing technique for forming a three-dimensional structure by stacking layers.

  A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure by dividing a layer of three-dimensional CAD (Computer Aided Design) data and adding a material so that the divided layers are stacked on each layer is defined as an additive manufacturing in the international standard. Has been. This manufacturing method invented in the 1980's is generally called a 3D printer (3D printer). In recent years, 3D printers are attracting attention as a new manufacturing method because they can easily manufacture complex shapes without using a mold if there is 3D CAD data.

  In 3D printers, shapes that were once difficult to manufacture, such as mesh shapes and porous shapes, can be easily and accurately manufactured, unlike removal processing by cutting and molding processing in which a material is poured into a mold and hardened. Furthermore, it is also expected to enable modeling in which a plurality of types of materials are freely arranged in a single part. This is because modeling using a plurality of materials can realize a model with a new function utilizing the characteristics of each material.

  For example, a composite having a function of an electronic circuit is realized by combining a conductive material and an insulating material. In addition, by combining a hard material and a flexible material, a shaped article having a function having both strength and flexibility can be realized. These functions can be realized without developing new materials.

  Furthermore, by forming a gradient structure having a mixing ratio in which the mixing ratio of the two types of materials is changed stepwise, it is possible to relieve stress generated at the interface where the two types of materials are adjacent to each other. Thereby, it is possible to realize a highly reliable shaped object that does not cause peeling or cracking at the interface between the two kinds of materials. Patent Document 1 discloses a method for layered modeling of a modeled object by adjusting a mixing ratio of a plurality of materials. According to this method, it is possible to give a distribution to the thermal conductivity inside the shaped article by controlling the material of the powder material and the mixing ratio thereof.

  Further, Patent Literature 2 discloses a modeling system including a powder removing device that collects an unsintered material when a powder material is sintered to laminate a modeled object. The powder removing apparatus accommodates the shaped object together with the unsintered material and removes the unsintered material around the shaped object. This enables the unsintered material to be collected and reused.

  Related techniques for recovering the powder material that has not been taken into the model are also disclosed in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4. According to Patent Document 3, unsintered powder material and cutting waste generated in the cutting removal process are collected and the cutting waste is separated. According to Patent Document 4, the recovered powder and the used powder are separated from the completed part, and the recovered powder and the used powder are further separated.

JP 2010-121187 A JP 2013-49137 A JP 2005-335199 A JP 2006-248231 A

  However, when a modeling object is layered using a plurality of powder materials as in Patent Document 1, a plurality of powder materials that have not been taken into the modeling object are mixed with each other, and thus collected. However, it cannot be reused as it is. In order to reuse, it is necessary to separate the respective materials, which requires a great deal of cost and time. The techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 4 do not disclose a technique that collects a material composed of a plurality of powders and separates and reuses each powder at a low cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and its object is to collect a powder material other than a shaped object at a low cost when a shaped object is layered using a plurality of powder materials. It is to be able to be reused.

  The additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a plurality of materials having powders each having a separated particle size distribution, a supply unit that supplies the materials as a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio, and the mixed material. A modeling unit that stacks and models a three-dimensional model from the stack, and the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional model is recovered, and the recovered mixed material is based on the particle size distribution. A recovery unit having a separation unit for separating each of the materials.

  In the additive manufacturing method of the present invention, a plurality of materials having powders each having a separated particle size distribution are supplied as a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio, and the mixed materials are stacked to form a three-dimensional structure from the stacked layers. A modeled object is modeled, the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional modeled object is collected, and the collected mixed material is separated into each of the materials based on the particle size distribution.

  According to the present invention, when a modeled object is layered using a plurality of powder materials, powder materials other than the modeled object can be collected and reused at low cost.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the particle size distribution of the powder of the 1st material of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and a 2nd material. It is a figure which shows the volume distribution of the powder of the 1st material and 2nd material of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modeling area | region and non-modeling area | region in the layer of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the particle size distribution of the powder of the 1st material, 2nd material, and 3rd material of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the modification of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the preferred embodiments described below are technically preferable for carrying out the present invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The additive manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of materials having powders each having a separated particle size distribution, and includes a supply unit 2 that supplies the materials as a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio. Furthermore, it has the modeling part 3 which laminates | stacks the said mixed material and models a three-dimensional modeling thing from the said lamination | stacking. Furthermore, the collection unit 4 includes a separation unit 5 that collects the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional structure and separates the collected mixed material into each of the materials based on the particle size distribution. Have

  According to the additive manufacturing apparatus 1, the remaining mixed material of the laminate excluding the three-dimensional object is recovered, and the recovered mixed material is easily separated into each material based on the particle size distribution of each material. An additive manufacturing apparatus that can be reused is provided.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, when layered modeling is performed using a plurality of powder materials, powder materials other than the modeled material can be collected and reused at low cost. Become.
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The additive manufacturing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a first material and a second material, and includes a supply unit 20 that supplies the first material and the second material as a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio. . Furthermore, it has the modeling part 30 which laminates | stacks the mixed material supplied from the supply part 20, and models a predetermined three-dimensional modeling thing from the said lamination | stacking. Furthermore, it has the collection | recovery part 40 which collect | recovers the remaining mixed materials of the said lamination | stacking except the said molded object, and isolate | separates a 1st material and a 2nd material from the collect | recovered mixed materials. Furthermore, in order to model a predetermined modeled object, it has the control part 50 which controls and cooperates the supply part 20, the modeling part 30, and the collection | recovery part 40. FIG.

  The supply unit 20 includes a first material chamber 21 and a second material chamber 22 that store the first material and the second material, respectively. Furthermore, the supply unit 20 includes a supply cylinder 23 that supplies the first material and the second material as a predetermined amount of mixed material at a predetermined mixing ratio. The supply cylinder 23 can be a mixed material in which the first material and the second material are mixed and dispersed uniformly. The mixing method can be selected according to the material. For example, if the first material and the second material are powders, a spouted bed mixing method, a stirring method in which a stirring blade is rotated and mixed, and the like can be used, but are not limited thereto.

  For example, the first material and the second material can be as follows.

  The first material is powder, and the shape of the powder can be spherical. An atomizing method can be used as a method for generating a spherical shape, but is not limited thereto. For example, the particle size distribution of the powder may be 10 μm to 100 μm, and the average particle size may be 20 μm to 50 μm, but is not limited thereto.

  On the other hand, the second material is powder, and the shape of the powder can be a scaly flat plate shape (disc shape). The flat plate shape can be obtained by further flattening a spherical powder produced by an atomizing method or the like into a scaly shape by a method such as stamping, but is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the particle size distribution of the powders of the first material and the second material of the present embodiment. The particle size of the first material corresponds to the diameter of the spherical powder. The particle size of the second material corresponds to the diameter of a flat plate (disc). As shown in FIG. 3, the average particle size of the second material is set to be larger than the average particle size of the first material, and the particle size distribution of the first material and the particle size distribution of the second material are Are set to be separated from each other without having overlapping regions. By doing in this way, the 1st material and the 2nd material from the collect | recovered mixed material can be favorably isolate | separated in the collection | recovery part 40 so that it may mention later.

  The first material shown in FIG. 3 is obtained by producing a spherical powder by the atomizing method and excluding a powder having a particle size outside the range of a predetermined particle size distribution with a filter. The second material can be obtained by first producing a spherical powder by the atomizing method, forming a flat plate by the stamping method, and excluding the powder having a particle size outside the range of the predetermined particle size distribution with a filter. .

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the volume distribution of the powders of the first material and the second material of the present embodiment. As will be described below, it is desirable that the volume distribution of the spherical powder of the first material and the volume distribution of the flat powder of the second material are substantially equal. For example, the particle size distribution of the spherical first material is 10 μm to 40 μm, the thickness distribution of the second material of the flat plate is 0.3 μm to 2 μm, and the particle size distribution is 50 μm to 140 μm. The condition of volume distribution can be satisfied, but is not limited to this.

  When mixing a plurality of powder materials to make a mixed material, it is necessary to mix each powder evenly. Furthermore, it is necessary that the modeled object modeled with the mixed material satisfies standards such as predetermined average roughness and maximum roughness in the finish such as surface uniformity and smoothness. In order to realize the above, the average volume and volume distribution of each powder are defined, and it is desirable that the volume and distribution of each powder to be mixed are substantially equal as shown in FIG. Also when the spherical powder and the flat plate powder are mixed, it is desirable to make the volume distribution of the spherical powder and the volume distribution of the flat plate powder substantially equal. Furthermore, in order to mix the spherical powder and the flat plate powder uniformly, the thickness of the flat plate powder should be about 1/5 to 1/10 of the diameter of the spherical powder, It is desirable not to use a thin flat plate.

  Here, the term “substantially equal” means that the volume distribution of the first material and the second material are within a range in which the finish of the surface of the modeled object, such as uniformity and smoothness, satisfies a standard such as a predetermined average roughness or maximum roughness. This means that the volume distribution of the material powder is equal. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is desirable that the volume distribution of the first material and the volume distribution of the powder of the second material are equal, and the volume distribution of the first material and the powder of the second material It is also desirable that the volume distribution be approximately equal. In the present embodiment, it is not desirable that one of the volume distributions of the first material and the second material is larger than the other so as to deviate from the standard.

  In the present embodiment, the reason why the first material is a spherical powder and the second material is a flat powder is that it is easy to make a difference in particle size while making the volumes of both equal. Furthermore, spherical powder can be manufactured by the atomizing method, and flat plate powder can be manufactured by stamping the spherical powder manufactured by the atomizing method, so that the manufacturing equipment can be shared, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Is possible.

  In the present embodiment, if the first material and the second material are set so that the particle size distribution of the first material and the particle size distribution of the second material are separated from each other, Is not limited. That is, both the first material and the second material can be spherical powders, or both can be flat powders. The first material and the second material are not limited to a spherical shape or a flat plate, and may be any polyhedron or ellipsoid. Furthermore, even if the first material includes a plurality of types of powder materials, it is only necessary that the overall particle size distribution is set to be separated from the particle size distribution of the second material.

  The first material and the second material can be plastic materials, for example, nylon, polylactic acid, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyetheretherketone. Further, a predetermined amount of glass, carbon or the like may be added to these materials. Moreover, it can also be set as a metal material, for example, can be set as copper, stainless steel, aluminum, and titanium. It can also be ceramic or carbon.

  The supply cylinder 23 of the supply unit 20 supplies the modeling stage 31 with an amount necessary for spreading a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio on a layer having a predetermined thickness on the modeling stage 31 of the modeling unit 30.

  The modeling unit 30 includes a modeling stage 31, a squeegee 32, and a heating unit 33. The modeling stage 31 includes a modeling surface for stacking the materials supplied from the supply unit 20 and modeling a three-dimensional modeled object. Furthermore, the modeling stage 31 has an elevating mechanism, and can raise and lower the modeling surface in accordance with the lamination of materials.

  The squeegee 32 is a layer in which the material supplied on the modeling stage 31 is flattened on the modeling stage 31 and spread to a uniform thickness. The shape of the squeegee can be a shape suited to the purpose, such as a flat squeegee, a square squeegee, or a sword squeegee. Alternatively, the squeegee 32 may be used as a roller, and the material may be flattened by rolling the roller and spread to a uniform thickness. The material of the squeegee 32 can be selected from rubber, plastic, metal, etc. according to the purpose.

  The heating unit 33 heats a predetermined region of the layer of material flattened by the squeegee 32 and spread to a uniform thickness, that is, a region for forming a modeled object, and sinters the material. As a method for sintering the material, a powder bed fusion method (ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)) classified as an additive manufacturing method can be used.

  In the case of this method, the heating unit 33 includes a laser irradiation mechanism or an electron beam irradiation mechanism, thereby heating a predetermined region on the modeling stage 31 by laser irradiation or electron beam irradiation for a predetermined time. Sinter. As the laser, a fiber laser or the like used in Additive Manufacturing can be used. In addition, the mixed material of the remaining part of the stack excluding the shaped object is an unsintered unsintered material.

  The collection unit 40 includes a collection box 41 and a separation layer 42. The collection box 41 collects the unsintered material that is the remaining part of the stack excluding the modeled object on the modeling surface of the modeling stage 31. As a collection method, for example, a suction mechanism is provided in the collection box 41, and a method of sucking the unsintered material from the modeling stage 31 by the suction mechanism and collecting it in the collection box 41 is possible. It is not limited.

  The collection box 41 includes a separation layer 42. The separation layer 42 separates the collected mixed material into a first material and a second material based on the particle size distribution. That is, by making the separation layer 42 a filter having a hole having a diameter through which the first material can pass and the second material cannot pass, the first material does not pass below the separation layer 42. The second material can be separated on the upper side. A filter having a hole with the above diameter can be manufactured by, for example, forming a hole with a desired diameter in a thin plate of metal or the like by photolithography and etching, but is not limited thereto.

  Further, the collection unit 40 may be provided with a vibration mechanism, and the collected mixed material may be separated by the separation layer 42 while vibrating. For example, an ultrasonic vibration element can be brought into close contact with the separation layer 42 as a vibration mechanism, and the mixed material can be vibrated during the separation. The vibration mechanism allows more rapid and efficient separation.

  Further, the recovery unit 40 may be provided with a stirring mechanism, and the mixed material may be separated by the separation layer 42 while stirring. For example, the mixed material can be stirred during the separation by inserting a rotating stirring rod as a stirring mechanism into the mixed material. The stirring mechanism allows more rapid and efficient separation.

  The recovery unit 40 can reuse the first material and the second material separated from the mixed material by returning them to the first material chamber 21 and the second material chamber 22, respectively. For example, by providing a pipe having a suction mechanism, the separated material can be returned from the collection box 41 to the first material chamber 21 or the second material chamber 22, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  In addition, in FIG. 2, although the structure which provides the collection | recovery part 40 inside the layered manufacturing apparatus 10 is shown, it is not limited to this. The collection unit 40 may be provided outside the additive manufacturing apparatus 10.

  The control unit 50 is connected to the supply unit 20, the modeling unit 30, and the collection unit 40, and has a function of controlling and coordinating these. That is, adjustment of mixed material with a predetermined mixing ratio, supply amount and supply position and supply timing of the adjusted mixed material to the modeling surface, amount of elevation of the modeling surface, squeegee operation, heating temperature, position and time, etc. The control related to the layered modeling of the model is performed. Further, the control relating to the reuse of the material, which collects the mixed material which has become unused after modeling, separates the first material and the second material, and returns each separated material to each material chamber. To do.

  The control unit 50 can be realized by operating an information processing apparatus such as a server by a program. Among the operations by this program, the operations related to additive manufacturing are set based on the three-dimensional CAD data of the modeled object. That is, the control unit 50 sets the material chamber and the supply cylinder 23 for supplying a predetermined amount of a material having a predetermined mixing ratio to a predetermined layer based on the three-dimensional CAD data, and flattens the material on the modeling stage 31 by the squeegee 32. The layer thickness is made uniform by crystallization. Further, the control unit 50 controls the sintering of the material in a predetermined region on the modeling stage 31 by the heating unit 33 and the raising and lowering of the modeling stage 31. By repeating the above steps, a three-dimensional structure can be formed.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the additive manufacturing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a modeling area and a non-modeling area of a modeled object on the modeling stage 31.

  First, the first material chamber 21 and the second material chamber 22 supply the first material and the second material to the supply cylinder 23 so as to obtain a predetermined amount of mixed material at a predetermined mixing ratio. Supply cylinder 23 mixes the 1st material and the 2nd material, and supplies the material of the volume used as predetermined lamination thickness on the modeling surface of modeling stage 31 as mixed material (Step S1).

  Next, the squeegee 32 lays the material supplied on the modeling stage 31 flat on the modeling stage 31 with a uniform thickness (step S2). This process is called squeezing. This squeezing can improve the modeling accuracy of the modeled object. For squeezing, the material may be laid down while increasing the density by pressing the material using a roller squeegee. The modeling accuracy can also be improved by increasing the material density in this way.

  Next, the heating unit 33 heats the modeling area set for each layer of the material spread on the modeling stage 31, and sinters the material of the modeling area to form a modeled object (step S3). At this time, the modeling stage 31 or the like may be provided with a heater, and the sintering of the material may be stabilized by controlling the temperature of the modeling stage 31 and its surroundings when heated by the heating unit 33. In addition, the material of the non-modeling area | region except a molded article is an unsintered material.

  Next, the control unit 50 checks whether or not a predetermined number of layers have been stacked on the modeling stage 31 (step S4). That is, it is confirmed whether or not the modeling is completed. When step S4 is NO, the control unit 50 sets the position by lowering the modeling stage 31 by a predetermined amount, for example, the layer thickness in order to stack the next layer (step S5). After the position of the modeling stage 31 is set, step S1 is repeated to complete the modeled object.

  When the modeled object is completed (YES in step S4), the recovery unit 40 recovers the unsintered material in the non-modeling region (step S6). And the collect | recovered unsintered material is isolate | separated into the 1st material and the 2nd material by the separation layer 42 (step S7). That is, the separation layer 42 separates the collected mixed material into the first material and the second material based on the respective particle size distributions.

  Next, the separated first material and second material are returned to the first material chamber 21 and the second material chamber 22 respectively (step S8), and the process is terminated. Thereby, it is possible to reuse the unsintered material that has not been used for modeling on the modeling stage 31.

  In the description of the additive manufacturing apparatus 10 described above, the case of a mixed material of two kinds of materials, the first material and the second material, has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, even in the case of a mixed material of three or more types of materials, a plurality of separation layers corresponding to the type of material can be obtained by setting the particle size distribution of each material separately without having an overlapping region. Thus, each material can be separated.

  For example, a mixed material of a first material, a second material, and a third material is assumed. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a particle size distribution of powders of the first material, the second material, and the third material of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the modification of the present embodiment. Since the particle size distributions of the first material, the second material, and the third material are separated from each other, first, by passing through the first separation layer through which only the third material cannot pass, The material can be separated. Next, the first material and the second material can be separated by passing the remaining mixed material from which the third material has been separated through a second separation layer through which the second material cannot pass. .

  That is, the first material, the second material, and the third material can be separated by the first separation layer and the second separation layer. In addition, when the kind of material increases, it can isolate | separate each material similarly.

  As described above, according to the additive manufacturing apparatus 10, the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional object is recovered, and the recovered mixed material is used for each material based on the particle size distribution of each material. An additive manufacturing apparatus that can be easily separated and reused is provided.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when layered modeling is performed using a plurality of powder materials, powder materials other than the modeled material can be collected and reused at low cost. Become.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention.

Moreover, although a part or all of said embodiment may be described also as the following additional remarks, it is not restricted to the following.
(Appendix 1)
A plurality of materials each having a powder having a separated particle size distribution, and a supply unit that supplies the materials as a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio;
A modeling part that stacks the mixed material to model a three-dimensional structure from the stack;
A recovery unit having a separation unit that recovers the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional structure and separates the recovered mixed material into each of the materials based on the particle size distribution;
An additive manufacturing apparatus.
(Appendix 2)
The additive manufacturing apparatus according to appendix 1, wherein the volume distribution of the powder of each of the materials is substantially equal.
(Appendix 3)
The additive manufacturing apparatus according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the powder of each of the materials has a spherical shape or a flat plate shape.
(Appendix 4)
4. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the collection unit includes a vibration unit, and the mixed material is vibrated by the vibration unit and separated by the separation unit. 5.
(Appendix 5)
5. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recovery unit includes a stirring unit, and the mixed material is stirred by the stirring unit and separated by the separation unit.
(Appendix 6)
6. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to one of appendices 1 to 5, wherein the forming part includes a heating part that heats a part of the laminate that forms the three-dimensional object.
(Appendix 7)
7. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the modeling unit includes a stage that models the three-dimensional structure and a squeegee that spreads the mixed material on the stage.
(Appendix 8)
Supplying a plurality of materials having powders each having a separated particle size distribution as a mixed material of a predetermined mixing ratio,
Laminating the mixed material to form a three-dimensional structure from the lamination,
Collect the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional structure,
An additive manufacturing method in which the collected mixed material is separated into each of the materials based on the particle size distribution.
(Appendix 9)
The additive manufacturing method according to appendix 8, wherein the volume distribution of the powder of each of the materials is substantially equal.
(Appendix 10)
The additive manufacturing method according to appendix 8 or 9, wherein the powder of each of the materials has a spherical shape or a flat plate shape.
(Appendix 11)
11. The additive manufacturing method according to one of appendices 8 to 10, wherein the mixed material is separated by vibrating.
(Appendix 12)
The additive manufacturing method according to one of appendices 8 to 11, wherein the mixed material is stirred and separated.
(Appendix 13)
13. The additive manufacturing method according to any one of appendices 8 to 12, wherein a portion of the additive layer forming the three-dimensional object is heated.
(Appendix 14)
14. The additive manufacturing method according to one of appendices 8 to 13, wherein the mixed material is spread with a squeegee and stacked.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laminate modeling apparatus 2 Supply part 3 Modeling part 4 Collecting part 5 Separation part 10 Laminate modeling apparatus 20 Supply part 21 1st material chamber 22 2nd material chamber 23 Supply cylinder 30 Modeling part 31 Modeling stage 32 Squeegee 33 Heating part 40 Recovery unit 41 Recovery box 42 Separation layer 50 Control unit

Claims (10)

A plurality of materials each having a powder having a separated particle size distribution, and a supply unit that supplies the materials as a mixed material having a predetermined mixing ratio;
A modeling part that stacks the mixed material to model a three-dimensional structure from the stack;
A recovery unit having a separation unit that recovers the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional structure and separates the recovered mixed material into each of the materials based on the particle size distribution;
An additive manufacturing apparatus.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the volume distribution of the powder of each of the materials is substantially equal.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the powder of each of the materials has a spherical shape or a flat plate shape.   4. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the collection unit includes a vibration unit, and the mixed material is vibrated by the vibration unit and separated by the separation unit. 5.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recovery unit includes a stirring unit, and the mixed material is stirred by the stirring unit and separated by the separation unit.   6. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the forming part has a heating part that heats a part of the laminate that forms the three-dimensional object.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the modeling unit includes a stage for modeling the three-dimensional modeled object and a squeegee for spreading the mixed material on the stage. Supplying a plurality of materials having powders each having a separated particle size distribution as a mixed material of a predetermined mixing ratio,
Laminating the mixed material to form a three-dimensional structure from the lamination,
Collect the remaining mixed material of the stack excluding the three-dimensional structure,
An additive manufacturing method in which the collected mixed material is separated into each of the materials based on the particle size distribution.   The additive manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein the volume distribution of the powder of each of the materials is substantially equal.   The additive manufacturing method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the powder of each of the materials has a spherical shape or a flat plate shape.

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