JP2017154197A - Processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a processing device that enables material processing performance to be improved.SOLUTION: An automatic lathe 100 serving as a processing device comprises: an automatic lathe body 10; a material feeder 50 for feeding a bar 200; and an NC controller 80 having a control section 83 for controlling force by which the material feeder 50 presses the bar 200. The automatic lathe body 10 comprises: a spindle 20; a guide bush 21; a servomotor 30 for the spindle; and a tool post. The material feeder 50 comprises: a feeder bar 60; a finger chuck 61; and a drive 70. The control section 83 controls the drive 70 according to a length of the bar 200, thus controlling the force by which the feeder bar 60 presses the bar 200. When the bar 200 comprises resin and has a small diameter, it is desirable to strengthen the pressing force according to the length. When the bar 200 comprises metal and has a large diameter, it is desirable to weaken the pressing force according to the length.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for processing a bar material.

  In a processing apparatus such as an automatic lathe, a material supply apparatus that supplies a bar to a main shaft by pressing a bar serving as a processing material in a main shaft direction with a pressing member such as a feeder bar is disclosed (for example, a patent) References 1 and 2).

  A relatively small diameter bar or resin bar has light weight and flexibility, so if the pressing force of the pressing member is too large, the bar may bend. There is a case of pressing. However, when the rod is shortened and the material holding part reaches the main shaft, if the main shaft moves backward to re-hold the material with the holding force released due to new processing, the material moves back together with the main shaft. However, processing defects may occur. In particular, when the bar is held by the material holding part and the pressing member presses the bar through the material holding part, the material holding part is caught in the main shaft, and the material holding part and the material are retracted together with the main shaft. There is.

Japanese Patent No. 3357088 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-123601

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a processing apparatus capable of stably processing a material by controlling a pressing force when supplying the material to the spindle according to the length of the material. Is intended to provide.

  The processing apparatus according to the present invention controls a main shaft that holds a material, a material supply unit that supplies the material from a rear end side of the main shaft, and a pressing force by which the material supply unit presses the material toward the main shaft. And a control unit configured to control the pressing force of the material in accordance with the length of the material in the axial direction.

  According to the processing apparatus according to the present invention, by controlling the pressing force of the pressing member that presses the material according to the length of the material, to the parts such as the butting portion and the finger chuck while suppressing the bending of the material. Can reduce the load. Further, the alignment can be performed with high accuracy, and the amount of projection of the material from the main shaft can be maintained at a predetermined length. Therefore, it is possible to provide a processing apparatus that can stably process the material.

It is a figure which shows the automatic lathe provided with the material supply apparatus which is one Embodiment of the processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the initial state with a long bar | burr at the time of a process start. It is a figure which shows the state by which the bar became shorter than the initial state by processing. It is a figure which shows the state by which the bar became shorter by processing and the finger chuck reached the inside of the main shaft.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an automatic lathe which is a processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, an automatic lathe 100 according to this embodiment includes an automatic lathe body 10, a material supply device (material supply unit) 50 that supplies a long bar 200 that is a material to the automatic lathe body 10, and And an NC control device 80 for numerically controlling the operations of the automatic lathe body 10 and the material supply device 50.

  The automatic lathe body 10 includes a spindle 20, a guide bush 21, a spindle servo motor 30, and a tool such as a tool 40 mounted on a tool post. The main shaft 20 holds the bar 200 via a chuck and rotates around the axis. The main shaft 20 is provided so as to be movable along the axial direction. The guide bush 21 supports the bar 200 protruding from the main shaft 20. The main shaft servomotor 30 rotates the ball screw 31 to move the main shaft 20 along the axial direction. The spindle servomotor 30 is driven in accordance with a command from the NC controller 80.

  The material supply device 50 is arranged behind the automatic lathe body 10 and in a straight line with the main shaft 20. The material supply device 50 stocks a large number of rods 200 and automatically supplies each of the stocked rods 200 one by one to the main spindle 20 of the automatic lathe body 10 from the rear end side. Hereinafter, in this specification, the direction of the automatic lathe body 10 is the front, and the direction of the material supply device 50 is the rear.

  The material supply device 50 includes a feeder bar 60 that is a pressing member, and a drive unit 70 that drives the feeder bar 60.

  At the front end of the feeder bar 60, a finger chuck 61 as a material holding unit is provided. The finger chuck 61 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the longitudinal direction of the feeder bar 60 as an axis, and a plurality of slits extending along the axial direction are formed around the axis on the peripheral wall of the cylinder. The finger chuck 61 inserts the bar 200 thicker than the inner diameter into the cylinder and chucks the bar 200 by opening the slit while elastically deforming the peripheral wall outward.

  The drive unit 70 is connected to the feeder bar 60 via a connecting member 62, and includes a chain 71 provided in an annular shape along the front-rear direction, and a feeder bar servomotor 74 that drives the chain 71 in the front-rear direction. . The feeder bar servomotor 74 is provided with an encoder 75 for detecting a rotation angle. The feeder bar servomotor 74 is driven in accordance with a command from the NC controller 80. The NC control device 80 can drive the feeder bar servo motor 74 based on the information of the encoder 75.

  The chain 71 is bridged between a drive sprocket 72 disposed on the front side and connected to a feeder bar servomotor 74 and a driven sprocket 73 disposed on the rear side. The chain 71 is driven back and forth according to the rotation of the drive sprocket 72.

  When the feeder bar servo motor 74 is driven to rotate, the drive sprocket 72 is rotated, the chain 71 is driven forward or backward according to the rotation direction of the feeder bar servo motor 74, and the feeder bar 60 is moved forward or backward. Driven by movement.

  When the bar 200 is chucked by the finger chuck 61, the feeder bar 60 is moved forward with the bar 200 fixed by a fixing member such as a stopper, and the finger chuck 61 is inserted into the rear end of the bar 200. be able to.

  After the bar 200 is chucked, the fixing of the bar 200 is released, the chain 71 is driven by the feeder bar servo motor 74, and the bar 200 is pushed forward by moving the feeder bar 60 forward. 200 is supplied to the automatic lathe body 10.

  The NC control device 80 directly or indirectly controls the spindle servo motor 30 and the feeder bar servo motor 74, as well as the driving of the tool post, the rotational drive of the spindle 20, the feeding operation of the bar 200, and the like. The NC control device 80 includes an input unit 81 for inputting a machining program, a predetermined command, etc., a storage unit 82 for storing the machining program, etc., and an automatic lathe body 10 in accordance with the input command, a command based on the machining program, or the like. And a control unit 83 that outputs a control signal to the material supply device 50. The NC control device 80 can perform operation control of the entire automatic lathe 100 including automatic operation in accordance with machining programs and application software (programs) stored in the storage unit 82 in advance.

  The control unit 83 has a function of controlling the pressing force of the bar 200 according to the length of the bar 200 in the axial direction. The control unit 83 detects the position (displacement) of the feeder bar 60 based on the rotation angle of the feeder bar servomotor 74 detected by the encoder 75, and the length of the bar 200 (the remaining length) based on this position. ) Is calculated. The control unit 83 drives the feeder bar servo motor 74 to control the propulsion force of the feeder bar 60 toward the main shaft 20, so that the bar 200 is moved by the feeder bar 60 in accordance with the length of the bar 200. Control the pressing force. Control of the propulsive force of the feeder bar servo motor 74 toward the main shaft 20 of the feeder bar 60 can be performed by, for example, driving torque control of the feeder bar servo motor 74.

  By such control, when the bar 200 is long, the bar 200 can be prevented from being bent and insufficiently pressed, and the material 200 can be smoothly supplied to the main shaft 20 by the material supply device 50. On the other hand, even if the processing progresses and the bar 200 becomes shorter, the control of the pressing force suppresses excessive pressing, suppresses unexpected retreat, etc., and smoothly supplies the bar 200 to the spindle 20. Can be done.

  It is desirable to control the pressing force not only by the length of the bar 200 but also by the properties of the bar 200 such as the diameter, material, and weight. In order to realize this, in the automatic lathe 100 of the present embodiment, the control unit 83 has a relatively small diameter and is made of resin. While the material 200 is long, it is controlled so as to be a relatively weak pressing force capable of preventing the bending, and the pressing force is controlled to increase as the length of the bar member 200 becomes shorter.

  Further, in the case of the bar 200 having a relatively large diameter, a metal, or the like that has a relatively heavy weight and is not easily bent, the control unit 83 has a heavy bar for a long time. The material 200 can be controlled to have a relatively strong pressing force capable of smoothly moving forward, and the pressing force can be controlled to decrease as the length of the bar 200 decreases.

  In the control unit 83 of the present embodiment, when the finger chuck 61 reaches the inside of the main shaft 20, the pressing force is controlled to be stronger than before reaching the main shaft 20. With this control, it is possible to prevent the finger chuck 61 and the bar 200 from moving backward as the main shaft 20 moves backward. This is particularly suitable when the lightweight bar 200 is pressed with a weak pressing force.

  Hereinafter, details of the control of the pressing force according to the length of the bar 200 by the control unit 83 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, the control of the pressing force when the material supply device 50 supplies the rod 200 made of resin with a small diameter will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the controller 83 presses the bar 200 with a relatively weak pressing force (initial pressing force F <b> 1) by the feeder bar 60 at the beginning of the supply of the bar 200. The pressing force F1 can be appropriately adjusted to an optimal pressing force according to the properties of the bar 200. For example, it is desirable that the bending force of the long bar 200 can be suppressed and that the pressing force be sufficient to advance the bar 200 in the direction of the main shaft 20.

  As a result, the bar 200 can be smoothly supplied to the main shaft 20. The bar 200 supplied by the material supply device 50 is held by the main shaft 20 and processed by a predetermined tool. When the machining is completed, the parting tool 41 is selected as a tool, and the machined part is cut by the parting tool 41 as shown in FIG.

  After that, when the main shaft 20 releases the chuck and releases the holding of the bar 200, the pressing force F1 of the feeder bar 60 acts to advance the bar 200, and the tip of the bar 200 reaches the cut-off tool 41, thereby positioning. Done. At this time, since the pressing force F1 of the feeder bar 60 is controlled to be relatively weak, even if the bar 200 hits, the load on the cut-off tool 41 is small, and the bending of the bar 200 is suppressed, and positioning is accurately performed. Can be done well. When the positioning is completed, the spindle 20 is retracted by re-holding the material to perform the next processing, and then the chuck 200 is closed and the bar 200 is held, so that the next processing can be performed with high accuracy.

  Next, as the processing progresses and the length of the bar 200 becomes shorter than that at the start of processing as shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 83 presses the bar 200 by the feeder bar 60 (on the way of processing). (F1 <F2). As the length of the bar 200 becomes shorter, it becomes more difficult to bend, so even if the pressing force F2 is made stronger than the initial pressing force F1, the bending of the bar 200 and the load on the parting tool 41 etc. can be suppressed. The bar 200 can be supplied smoothly and speedily.

  When the length of the bar 200 is further shortened, the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20 as shown in FIG. At this time, the control unit 83 performs control so that the pressing force of the bar 200 by the feeder bar 60 (the pressing force F3 when reaching the main shaft 20) is increased.

  The pressing force F3 is a force stronger than the force by which the main shaft 20 pushes back the finger chuck 61 due to catching or the like, that is, a force stronger than the frictional force between the finger chuck 61 and the main shaft 20 or the propulsive force when the main shaft 20 moves backward. However, it is desirable to have a strength that can suppress the bending of the bar 200 and the load on the parting tool 41 as much as possible. By this control, even if the main shaft 20 is retracted with the chuck opened, the finger chuck 61 and the bar 200 in the main shaft 20 can be prevented from moving back together, and the supply of the bar 200 is good. Can be done.

  In the control of the pressing forces F1, F2, and F3, the pressing force F1 at the start of supply may be minimized and controlled to increase in inverse proportion to the length of the bar 200 (F1 <F2 <F3). . Further, depending on the nature of the bar 200, control is performed so that the pressing force F <b> 3 is increased when the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20 until the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20 until the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20. (F1≈F2 <F3). Alternatively, the bar 200 is pressed with a pressing force F1 when it is a predetermined length, and when it exceeds the predetermined length, it is pressed with a pressing force F2 that is stronger than the pressing force F1, and the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20. Sometimes, the pressing force F3 may be controlled to be further increased (F1 <F2 <F3). Further, if the backward movement of the finger chuck 61 can be suppressed, the pressing force F2 may be substantially the same as the pressing force F3 (F1 <F2≈F3).

  Next, for example, control of the pressing force when supplying a metal rod 200 having a large diameter of 40 mm or more will be described. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, when the bar 200 at the beginning of the supply is long, control is performed so that the pressing force F1 by the feeder bar 60 is the strongest. The pressing force F1 is controlled so that the heavy bar 200 can be advanced smoothly and speedily, and the load on the cut-off tool 41 is reduced as much as possible during alignment. By this control, the bar 200 can be smoothly supplied to the main shaft 20, and the durability of parts such as the parting tool 41 can be improved.

  As the machining progresses and the length of the bar 200 becomes shorter than that at the start of machining as shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 83 causes the pressing force F2 of the bar 200 by the feeder bar 60 to become weaker. Control. As the length of the bar 200 becomes shorter, the weight of the bar 200 also becomes lighter, so that even if the pressing force F2 is weakened, smooth supply is possible and the load on the parting tool 41 during alignment is smaller. can do.

  Even when the control for weakening the pressing force is performed as described above, the pressing force F3 when the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20 as shown in FIG. The strength to suppress Therefore, if the pressing force when the finger chuck 61 reaches the main shaft 20 is likely to be weaker than the pushing back force, the pressing force F3 may be controlled to increase. By this control, even if the main shaft 20 is retracted with the chuck opened, the finger chuck 61 and the bar 200 in the main shaft 20 can be prevented from moving back together, and the supply of the bar 200 is good. Can be done.

  As described above, in the automatic lathe 100 according to the present embodiment, the pressing force of the bar 200 by the feeder bar 60 is controlled according to the length of the bar 200, so the material supply device 50 applies the pressing force to the spindle 20. Supply of the bar 200 can be performed smoothly. Therefore, a bar 200 having a sufficient length necessary for machining can be projected from the main shaft 20, positioning can be performed with high accuracy, machining of the bar 200 can be performed stably, and machining accuracy and machining speed can be improved. The processing performance in the automatic lathe 100 can be improved. Furthermore, the burden on the alignment member such as the cut-off tool 41 can be reduced, and the durability of the parts can be improved.

  In this embodiment, the length of the bar 200 is calculated based on the rotation angle of the feeder bar servomotor 74 detected by the encoder 75, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the position (displacement) of the chain 71 and the feeder bar 60 is detected by a detection device such as a sensor, or the positions of the connecting member 62 and the finger chuck 61 are detected by the detection device, and the bar 200 based on the detection result. It is also possible to adopt a configuration for calculating the length of the. Moreover, it can also be set as the structure which provides the measuring apparatus which measures the length of the bar 200 directly.

  The main spindle moving type automatic lathe 100 of this embodiment is an example of a processing apparatus, but the processing apparatus of the present invention is not limited to this, and the main spindle 20 is fixed to the main spindle so as not to move in the axial direction. A spindle head fixed type automatic lathe may be used. In addition, the processing apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to an automatic lathe, and may be a processing apparatus other than a lathe apparatus (particularly, numerically controlled). Further, in the automatic lathe 100 of the present embodiment, the control unit in the present invention that controls the pressing force of the bar 200 is also used as the control unit 83 of the NC control device 80 that also controls the automatic lathe body 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The material supply device 50 may be provided with a dedicated control unit, and the control unit may control the pressing force according to the length of the bar 200.

  In addition, although the material supply apparatus 50 of the said embodiment was set as the structure which provided the finger chuck 61 in the front end of the feeder bar 60, and hold | maintains and supplies the rod 200 via the finger chuck 61, this invention is the structure of the said embodiment. The configuration is not limited. For example, in the case of a material supply apparatus corresponding to an automatic lathe that does not have the guide bush 21, the finger bar 61 may not be provided on the feeder bar 60. Also in this case, by controlling the pressing force according to the length of the bar member 200, it is possible to suppress the bar member 200 from moving backward with the main shaft 20 as the main shaft 20 moves backward.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention has been explained in full detail with drawing, the said embodiment is only an illustration of this invention and this invention is not limited only to the structure of the said embodiment. Any design change or the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention is included in the present invention.

20 Spindle 50 Material supply device (Material supply unit)
61 Finger chuck (material holding unit) 83 Control unit 100 Automatic lathe (processing device)

Claims (4)

Processing comprising a main shaft for holding material, a material supply unit for supplying the material from the rear end side of the main shaft, and a control unit for controlling the pressing force by which the material supply unit presses the material toward the main shaft. In the device
The processing apparatus, wherein the control unit is configured to control a pressing force of the material in accordance with an axial length of the material.   The processing device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to increase the pressing force of the material as the length of the material becomes shorter.   The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to weaken the pressing force of the material as the length of the material becomes shorter. The material supply unit includes a material holding unit that holds a rear end of the material,
The control unit is configured to make the pressing force when the material holding unit reaches the main shaft stronger than the pressing force before the material holding unit reaches the main shaft. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.